PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

PERIYAR PALKALAI NAGAR

SALEM – 636011

DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE

CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM

SYLLABUS FOR
M.SC. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
( SEMESTER PATTERN )
( For Candidates admitted in the Colleges affiliated to
Periyar University from 2017-2018 onwards )
 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Medical Biochemistry is particularly emphasizing the multidisciplinary character of
the profession in order to enable application of scientific knowledge in the medical
context. Curriculum is harmonized with the recommendations that are accepted in
the majority of European countries, and consists two years programme leading to the
Post –Graduate Degree of Master in Medical Biochemistry.

GOAL OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Illuminate students the principles governing the structure, functional and interaction
of biomolecules. At the same time new revision reflects tremendous development in
Biochemistry. Significantly emphasize is placed on the interrelationship of ideas so
the students could evaluate diagnostic data and provide an expert opinion to the
medical team.

The multidisciplinary approach is achieved by introducing various disciplines into

curriculum:

1. Biomedical disciplines (anatomy, physiology, Metabolism, Clinical & Nutritional

Biochemistry, immunology and microbiology etc.);

2. Professional medical biochemistry discipline interprets with clinical biochemistry,

haematology, clinical immunology, Bioanalytical techniques, Pharmaceutical
toxicology, molecular diagnostics and Molecular Biology etc. The competences and
skills in communication, laboratory management, automation, and information of
laboratory system is also learned in theory and practicals.

3. Training programmes would be intensively correlated training in the hospital

laboratory will start readily from the first year. The CBCS credits will be assigned to
the each subject, and student mobility would be encouraged. There will be great co-
operation with the teaching hospitals related to Faculty, in particular for the courses
Integral laboratory diagnostics and Professional laboratory practice.

4. At completion of the new Medical Biochemistry curriculum the graduate would have a
thorough knowledge of all aspects of medical biochemistry science relevant to the
discipline, and competences to organize laboratory practice and apply current
techniques, to evaluate the diagnostic data and to provide an expert opinion in the
medical team, or to pursue a career in the fundamental and applied scientific
research. The new concept comprises relevant knowledge in clinical cytology,
microbiology, clinical immunology, blood banking, analytical toxicology, molecular
diagnostics thus concurring with the current trends in Medical Biochemistry and

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M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Laboratory Medicine.

Our specific goals for the programme are to

 Provide a sound background in Basic Biochemistry for Students in Health sciences

where these students can perform research work in the Medical, Eye and Dental
hospitals

 Make students aware of the relevance of Biochemistry to Health-related professions

 Provide a working knowledge of Medical Biochemistry that will be applicable for the
practice of Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory and could even run diagnostic lab on their
own.

OBJECTIVES OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Student small-group learning experiences encourage professional behaviour and

teamwork in a context that promotes use of resources such as the library, and
information technology. Course topic scheduling is coordinated to prepare students
for and reinforce topics in Clinical Physiology where possible. The following list is
illustrative of the educational objectives of this course. Through interactive lecture
sessions, small group sessions, and course examinations, students will be able to:

1) Recognize and explain the functions of the key molecular components and steps of the
synthesis, assembly, and degradation of biological macromolecules;

2) Recall and relate the molecular structures and chemical properties of biological
macromolecules to their functions including ligand/substrate recognition, enzyme
reactions, formation of multi-molecular complexes; and regulation;

3) Relate digestive processes and body production of usable and storable chemical
energy to the chemical composition of foodstuffs, including vitamin and nutrient
requirements;

4) Describe the inputs and outputs of human intermediary metabolism, and relate
mechanisms of metabolic regulation by hormones, feedback loops and other
mechanisms to body organ systems and their demands for energy and metabolites

5) Recognize and explain the molecular basis of major body mechanisms for self-
recognition and self-defense including blood factors, antibodies, anti-oxidants,
hemostasis, and glucose homeostasis;

6) Describe key features and operating principles of the organization of the human
genome, control of gene expression and cell cycle regulation;

SKILLS

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 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

1) Relate knowledge of normal bio-molecular structure-function relationships,

metabolic and regulatory processes, and defense mechanisms to the molecular basis,
diagnosis and treatment of diseases;

2) Recognize and explain the sources, detection and consequences of genetic defect(s)
underlying diseases;

Attitudes/Behaviors:

1) Demonstrate a professional attitude and good communication skills by effective

participation in cooperative problem solving, especially in small group exercises
directed towards understanding the biochemical and genetic bases of disease origins,
diagnoses and treatments.

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M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

REGULATIONS
1. PREAMBLE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE:

The syllabus aims to provide the strength to acquire an advanced knowledge and
understanding of the core principles of Biochemistry.

The major objectives of M.Sc. Medical Biochemistry/Biochemistry/Mcribiology

course are,

 To study the structures and functions of biomolecules.

 To learn Anatomy and Physiology of human body

 To understand the principles, instrumentation and applications of analytical

techniques.

 To study the principles of enzyme catalysis, bioenergetics and major metabolic

pathways.

 To study the expression of molecular genes and molecular techniques.

 To understand human physiology and nutritional requirements.

 To study molecular concepts of body defenses and its mechanisms.

 To impart knowledge in principles and applications of clinical Biochemistry.

 To obtain knowledge in Pharmaceutical, Microbial and Industrial Biochemistry.

 To acquire skills for laboratory experiments.

 To prepare candidates for a career in Pharmaceutical industries, food industries

etc.

2. CONDITION FOR ADMISSION

A candidate who has passed B.Sc degree in Medical Biochemistry/ Biochemistry/

Microbiology or an Equivalent B, Sc. Examination in Bachelor of Medical Laboratory
Course or some other B.Sc board equivalence submitted by the respective University
may be accepted by the syndicate as equivalent there to with Biochemistry shall be
eligible for admission into M.Sc., course in Medical Biochemistry.

3. DURATION OF THE COURSE:

The course for the degree of Master of Science shall consist of two academic years
divided into four semesters.

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4. COURSE OF STUDY:

The course of study for the M.Sc. Degree in the Branch Medical Biochemistry
shall comprise the following subjects according to the syllabus,

i) Major: Medical Biochemistry

ii) Integrated and Skilled Based Elective Course and Non Major Elective Course
subjects

iii) Human Rights (Languages and English)

Non major elective course subjects may be chosen by the respective colleges and
the same must be communicated to the University.

SEMESTER I

SEMESTER II

SEMESTER III

SEMESTER IV

5. EXAMINATIONS

There shall be four examinations- two in the first year, two in the second year.
Candidates failing in any subject / subjects will be permitted to appear for such failed
subject / subjects at subsequent examinations. The Syllabus has been divided into
four semesters. Examinations for I and III semesters will be held in November/
December and for II and IV semesters will be held in April / May.

The practical examination I&II will be held in semester-I. Practical III & IV will be held
at the semeste-II. Practical- V & VI will be held in semester –III and in semester-IV
individual Research Project should be performed and dissertation should be and
their report shall be evaluated in viva voce examination conducted before the
examiners at the end of IV - semester.

6. PASSING MINIMUM

A candidate shall be declared to have passed the examination if he /she secure not
less than 50% of the marks in each paper / practical. Candidates who do not secure
the required minimum marks for a pass in a paper / practical shall be required to
appear for and pass the same at a subsequent appearance. For practical, the
minimum for a pass includes the record notebook marks also. There is no passing
minimum for the record notebook. However submission of a record notebook is a
must.

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M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

7. CLASSIFICATION OF SUCCESSFUL CANDIDATES

Candidates who secure not less than 60% of the aggregate marks in the whole
examination shall be declared to have passed the examination in First Class. All
other successful candidates shall be declared to have passed in the Second Class.
Candidates who obtain 75% and above in the aggregate shall be declared to have
passed the examination in First Class with Distinction provided they pass all the
examinations prescribed for the course at the first appearance.

8. RANKING

Candidates who pass all the examinations prescribed for the course in the first
instance and within a period of three academic years from the year of admission to
the course only are eligible for University Ranking.

9. MAXIMUM DURATION FOR THE COMPLETION OF THE PG PROGRAMME

The maximum duration for completion of the PG Programme shall not exceed
EIGHT semesters.

10. COMMENCEMENT OF THIS REGULATION

These regulations shall take effect from the academic year 2017-2018, i.e. for
students who are to be admitted to the first year of the course during the academic
year 2017-2018 and thereafter.

11. TRANSITORY PROVISION

Candidates who were admitted to the PG course of study before 2017-2018 shall be
permitted to appear for the examinations under those regulations for a period of three
years i.e. up to and inclusive of the Examination of April/May 2021. Thereafter, they
will be permitted to appear for the examination only under the regulations then in
force.

12. PAPERS GIVEN BY THE BOARD AS NON – MAJOR ELECTIVE COURSE

SEMESTER III

Fundamentals of Human physiology (Or) Biochemistry in Nutrition

SEMESTER IV

Biochemistry in Human Health (Or) Biochemistry in Diagnosis

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13. PATTERN OF QUESTION PAPER (FOR MAJOR, ELECTIVE AND EDC)

Maximum – 75 marks Duration – 3 hours

Section –A (1 x10 = 10 marks)

Answer all the questions

(Multiple Choice Questions- Two questions from each unit)

Section –B (5x5 = 25 marks)

Answer all the questions

(Either or Choice-Two questions from each unit)

Section –C (3x9 = 45 marks)

Answer any three questions (One question from each unit)

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M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

COURSE OF STUDY AND SCHEME OF EXAMINATION

University

Exam Hours
Instruction
Hrs / Week
Examination
S.No.

Credits
External
Internal
Subject Subject Title

(25%)

(75%)

Total
I SEMESTER
1. Core I CHEMISTRY OF BIOMOLECULES 6 3 25 75 100 4

2. Core II BIOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES 6 3 25 75 100 4

3. Core III CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY 6 3 25 75 100 4

4. Elective I HUMAN ANATOMY AND 6 3 25 75 100 4

PHYSIOLOGY

5. Core LAB COURSE - I 6 6 40 60 100 4

Practical I

6. Core LAB COURSE - II 6 6 40 60 100 4

Practical II

II SEMESTER
1. Core IV BIOENERGITICS AND INTER 5 3 25 75 100 4
MEDIARY METABOLISM

2. Core V CLINICAL ENZYMOLOGY 5 3 25 75 100 4

3. Core VI ADVANCED ENDOCRINOLOGY 5 3 25 75 100 4

4. Elective II MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 4 3 25 75 100 4

5. Common HUMAN RIGHTS 2 6 40 60 100 2

Paper

6. Core LAB COURSE - III 6 6 40 60 100 3

Practical III

7. Core LAB COURSE - IV 5 6 40 60 100 3

Practical IV

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University

Exam Hours
Instruction
Hrs / Week
Examination
S.No.

Credits
External
Internal
Subject Subject Title

(25%)

(75%)

Total
III SEMESTER
1. Core VII IMMUNOLOGY 5 3 25 75 100 5
2. Core VIII PHARMACEUTICAL BIO - 5 3 25 75 100 4
-CHEMISTRY AND TOXICOLOGY
3. Core IX CLINICAL AND NUTRITIONAL 5 3 25 75 100 5
BIOCHEMISTRY
4. Elective III BIOSTATISTICS & MEDICAL 4 3 25 75 100 3
BIOINFORMATICS
5. EDC CHOICE OF PAPER SELECTED 4 3 25 75 100 4
BY THE COLLEGE OR DEPARTMENT
6. Core LAB COURSE - V 6 6 40 60 100 3
Practical V
7. Core LAB COURSE - VI 6 6 40 60 100 3
Practical VI

IV SEMESTER
1. Core X BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMNTATION 5 3 25 75 100 5
2. Elective IV MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 4 3 25 75 100 3
AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
3. Project 100 5
4. TOTAL 112 2300 90

Subject Total Marks Total Credits

No. Of Core paper/ Practical/
project [16] 1700 69
Elective - Major: [04] 400 15
Non-Major Supportive course -
EDC and Human rights [2] 200 06
Grand Total 2300 90

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M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER I

CORE I - CHEMISTRY OF BIOMOLECULES

UNIT –I

Carbohydrates: Definition, Biological importance of Carbohydrates.

Stereoisomerism and Optical isomerism of sugars (Fischer and Haworth Projection
formulae). Cyclic structure, Epimers, Anomers and Mutarotation. Monosaccharides –
Classification, Structure and Biological importance of Hexose sugars; Reactions of
sugars. Disaccharides - Structure, Occurrence and Biological importance of Sucrose,
Lactose and Maltose. Polysaccharides: Homopolysaccharides; Structure, Occurrence
and Biological functions : Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose. Chitin, Dextrin and Inulin.
Heteropolysaccharides;Structure, Occurrence and Biological functions of -
Hyaluronic acid, Chondroitin sulfate and Heparin. Artificial sweeteners – Saccharin
and Monellin.

UNIT – II

Amino acids: Definition, Amino acids as ampholytes. Structure and classification

of amino acids, Chemical reaction of amino acids. Essential and Non essential
amino acids.

Peptide bond: Structure and significance of peptide bond, aminoacid sequencing

(Sanger's and Edman methods).

Protein structure: Levels of structure in Protein Architecture, Primary structure of

proteins (Eg.Insulin), Secondary structure of proteins – helix and pleated sheets
(eg.Collagen), Tertiary structure of proteins (Eg. Myoglobin), Quaternary structure of
proteins (Eg. Hemoglobin) other Forces and weak bonds stabilizing the Protein
structure.

UNIT – III

Lipids : Definition, Classification and Biological role of lipids

Simple lipids - Properties and Characterization of fats – Hydrolysis, Saponification,

Halogenation, Acetyl number, Rancidity of fats, Reichert-Meissel number. ompound
lipids - Structure and function of phospholipids (Lecithin, Sphingomyelin Cephalin,
Phosphatidyl Inositol and Phosphatidylserine) and Glycolipids (Gangliosides and
Cerebrosides). Derived lipids - Classification, structure and properties of saturated

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and unsaturated fatty acids; Essential and Non essential fatty acids.

Sterols –Structure, Function and Properties of Cholesterol, Bile acids [no structure] ,
and lipoproteins biological production and significance.. Eicosanoids,
Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes, Leukotrienes,

Nucleic acids Structure of Purines and Pyrimidines; Unusual bases (5-Bromouracil,

Pseudouridine, Inosine, Dihydroxyuridine, Methylcytosine); Nucleosides and
nucleotides – structure and functions. Chemical and enzymatic sequencing methods.

DNA – Watson & Crick Model, A, B and Z forms of DNA.Properties of DNA - byoyant
density, viscosity, chromic effect, Tm, denaturation, renaturation, hybridization and
Cot analysis.Chemical properties

Major classes of RNA – mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, snRNA, hnRNA – structure and biological
functions.

UNIT – V

Vitamins and Minerals : Classification of Vitamins - Fat soluble and water soluble.
Dietary source, structures, RDA, functions and deficiency states. Macro and micro
elements – Dietary source, structures, RDA, functions and deficiency of Iron,
calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iodine, Zinc and copper.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Lehninger's Principles of Biochemistry ,Nelson, David l. and Cox, M.M., 2000

Macmillan N Y

2. Fundamentals Of Biochemistry,Donald Voet, Judith G.Voet and Charlotte W Pratt,

1999,John Wiley & Sons, NY

3. Biochemistry. lubert stryer, 3rd Edn., 1994.W H freeman and co, Sanfrancisco.

4. Biochemistry 4th edition, by Zubay G L ,1988 W M C Brown Publishers.

5. Principles of Biochemistry, Garrette & Grisham, 1994, Saunders college publishing

6. Outlines of Biochemistry, Eric E.Conn, P.K. Stumpf, G.Brueins and Ray

H.Doi,,1987, John Wiley & Sons, NY

7. Text book of biochemistry, Thomas M Devlin, A 1987, 4th edition John Wiley, Inc
publication, New York.

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M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER I

CORE II - BIOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES

UNIT I

pH scale: buffer solution, pH electrode, Clarke's Oxygen electrode and their

applications.

Microscopy: Principles and applications of light, phase contrast, fluorescence,

scanning and transmission electron microscopy.: Principles, preparation of
specimens for TEM and SEM.

Organ and tissue slice technique, cell disruption and homogenization technique,
Microtomy – Staining and fixation. Cell sorting and cell counting of various tissue
culture collections. Cryopreservation and manometric techniques.

UNIT – II

Chromatography: Principles, Instrumentation and applications of paper

chromatography, exclusion chromatography, column chromatography, Chromato
focussing affinity chromatography and adsorption chromatography: Gel preparation,
principle and application ion–exchange chromatography – Types of resins, apparatus
preparation and application

Liquid chromatography: Principle, Instrumentation and applications of GLC, LC,

LPLC and HPLC.

UNIT – III

Electrophoresis: Principles, Instrumentation and applications of paper

electrophoresis, agar gel, starch gel, PAGE, Capillary electrphoresis PFGE, high and
low voltage electrophoresis, Isoelectric focussing, Tachophoresis,.

Centrifugation: Principles, laws of sedimentation. Preparative and Analytical

Centrifugation – Differential centrifugation and Density gradient centrifugation.
Analytical Ultracentrifuges. – Instrumentation and application; Sedimentation
equilibrium methods. Analysis of sub cellular fractions. Criteria of purity of
macromolecules.

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UNIT – IV

Spectroscopy: Basic laws of light absorption, optical rotatory dispersion. Basic

principles, instrumentation and applications Circular dichroism and X-ray
diffraction.

Basic principles, instrumentation and applications of UV and visible light

spectrophotometry, spectro fluorimetry, Atomic Flame Photometry, Plasma
Emission Spectroscopy, Infra–red spectrophotometry, Mass spectrometry, Tandem
mass spectroscopy, ESR, NMR,

Tracer techniques: Radioactive isotopes and half life of isotopes, Principles and
applications of tracer techniques in biology and medical sciences, measurement of
alpha, beta and gamma radiations. Radiation dosimeter, Autoradiography; Principle,
Biological applications. Geiger Muller Counter and Liquid Scintillation counter.

REFERENCES:

1. Principles and techniques of practical Biochemistry, Keith Wilson and John Walker,
1995.Cambridge University Press.

2. An Introduction to Spectroscopy for Biochemist, Brown. SB Academic Press.

3. Introduction to Centrifugation, Ford T.C and Graham J.N., Bioscientific Publishers

Ltd, Oxford.

4. Biophysical chemistry Principles and Techniques- Avinash Upadhyaye and

Nirmalendhe Nath , 2001. Himalaya Publishers.

5. A Biologist Guide to Principles and Techniques of Biochemistry, Keith Wilson and

Kenneth Goulding, Edward Arnold publishers.

6. Tools of Biochemistry David Cooper.

7. Computational Biochemistry C. Stan Tsai.

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M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER I

CORE III - CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY

UNIT I

Origin of single cell – theories and concepts. Cell cycle: Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell
cycle, cell growth and extracellular signal molecular basis of cell cycle regulation, cell
cycle check points, cyclin and cyclin dependent kinases, Apoptosis: Survival and
death facts cell death receptors, cell – cell interactions in cell rescue and death,
erythropoietin in RBC development. Molecular apoptotic events in C. elegans and
mammals, bcl family of proteins, caspases, significance of apoptosis

UNIT-II

Cell environment: Extracellular matrix, glycocalyx, basal lamina, components of ECM

– fibronectin, laminin, collagen, heparin sulphate, proteoglycans, role of ECM in cell
growth and survival. Cytoskeletons: Microtubules and Microfilaments, G and F actin,
dynamics of actin assembly and polymerization, myosin and molecular motors.
microvilli and pseudopodial extension. Intermediate filaments: types and functions.

Kinetochore architecture and spindle assembly focal adhesion points,. Major types of
cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) – Cadherin, Integrins, Selectins and super family
Immunoglobulin

UNIT-III

Cell–cell communication: Autocrine, paracrine, endocrine, juxtacrine

communication. Nitric oxide and paracrine factors involved in communication EGF's
Hedgehog family, Wnt family, TGF, beta super family, BMP family, signal
transduction pathways: G protein, cAMP pathway, IP3 pathway, RTK pathway, MAP
kinase pathway. Major classes of cell junctions- anchoring, Gap, tight junctions

UNIT IV

Composition of Cell membrane: Lipid Bilayer, Peripheral and Integral proteins. Fluid
mosaic model. Membrane transport types: Uniport, Synport,Antiport. Active
transport: P-types[Na+K+ATPases, F-Type ATPases (ATP synthetases),Ionophores,
Ion channels and ligand/ voltage gated channels

Protein sorting: Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum and lysosome complex in protein

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 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

targeting, signal recognition particles – chaperons and protein folding. GPI

anchoring, targeting of proteins to mitochondria, protein glycosylation and post
translational modification, vesicular transport and secretory pathways.

UNIT V

Cancer Biology: Etiological factors, primary, secondary tumors benign and malignant
tumors. Oncogene: proto oncogenes and viral oncogenes, oncogene activation, tumor
suppressor genes, DNA tumorviruses, tumor specific antigens and tumor evasion.
Metastasis: Molecular events in migration, extravasation, chemokines, role of ECM in
metastasis. Angiogenesis: angiogenetic and antiangiogenetic factors, vasculogenesis.
Types of cancer cells and morphological alterations

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Molecular Cell Biology, 4 edn. (2000) by Lodish H, Baltimore and others

th

W.H.Freeman and company, NY

2. Molecular Biology of cells, B. Alberts, Alexander Johnson, ,Julian Lewis, Martin Raff,
Keith Roberts, Peter Walter,5thEdn. 2008. G.S. Garland Sciences, Taylor & Francis
Group,New york

3. Cell Biology by David E Sadava,2004, Panima Book Publishing Corporation, New

Delhi

4. Cell and Molecular Biology by EDP De Robertis and EMF De Robertis

5. Principles of Cell Biology by Klein Smith and M Kish

6. Cell and Molecular Biology 3 Edn. Gerald Karp, John Wiley & Sons Inc.
rd

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M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER I
ELECTIVE I - HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
UNIT I
HUMAN ANATOMY:
Overview of Anatomy – Medical and Anatomical terminology – Sections of the body –
Anatomical Variations
– Organization of the body cells, Tissues.
Introduction to Systemic Anatomy – Types of bone – Joints – Classification of joints –
innervations of joints
– Muscle tissue and muscular system – Types of Muscles Anatomical structure of
Liver, Kidney and stomach
UNIT II
Cardiovascular system:
Blood and Body fluids: Composition and function, Red blood cells, Hemoglobin,
white blood cells and platelets. Blood coagulation, blood groups and blood
transfusion. Formation and functions of lymph. Body buffers.
Cardiac output - Definitions, factors affecting, physiological variations, regulation of
heart rate. Coronary circulation. Pulse - Jugular pulse, radial pulse and triple
response.
Heart sounds - Cause, characteristics and significances. Cardiac rhythm and
tachycardia
UNIT III
Respiratory system: Diffusion of gases in lungs, transport of oxygen from lungs to
tissues via blood, factors influencing the transport of oxygen. Transport of CO2 from
tissues to lungs through blood, factors influencing the transport of CO2.
Excretory System: Mechanism of formation of urine, composition of urine,
Micturition.
Renal regulation of acid balance, Mechanism of tubular reabsorption and excretion of
urine. Influence of hormone in kidney function.

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UNIT IV
Digestive system: Secretion of digestive juices, digestion and assimilation of
Carbohydrates, Proteins Fats and vitamins. Gastro intestinal hormones.
Nervous system: Structure of neuron, resting potential and action potential,
Propagation of nerve – impulses, Structure of synapse, synaptic transmission
(electrical and chemical theory). Structure of Neuro muscular junction and
mechanism of neuro muscular transmission, Second messengers,Neuro
transmitters.
UNIT V
Reproductive systems
Function of reproductive system. Male reproductive system - functions of testis,
spermatogenesis site and stage factors influencing semen, Endocrine functions of
testis, Androgens - Testosterone - structure and functions.
Female Reproductive system - Ovulation, Menstrual cycle, physiological changes
during pregnancy - Actions of oestrogen, progesterone, functions of placenta.
Lactation - Composition of milk and factors controlling lactation
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Human Physiology – Volume I & II, Chatterjee, C.C - 11 edition, 1992.
th

2. Text book Medicinal Chemistry, Chatterjee. C.

3. Text book of human physiology, Saradha Subramaniam
4. Text book of Medical physiology, Guyton,2001, 10 Edn., W.B.Saunders
th

5. Agarwal physiological T.B. of Biochemistry ,Agarwal G.R & Agarwal B.P. Chemistry.
6. Harper's Biochemistry, Murray. R.G. et al., 2009, 24 edition.
th

7. Lecture notes on human physiology, Vol II, M. M. Muthiah 1991

8. Concise human physiology, Sukkar, M.Y.Munshid and Ardawi
9. Review of Medical Physiology Gaanong.W.F

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M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER I

PRACTICAL I - LAB COURSE I

1. Microscopy

2. Staining Techniques [ Morphological observation only]

3. Microtomy

4. Histochemical Techniques

5. Mitosis and Meiosis

6. Cell Fractionation

7. General Reactions of Carbohydrates, Lipids, Amino acids and Proteins

8. Iodine Value, Acid Value and Saponification Value

9. Estimation of Vitamin A and Vitamin C

10. Preparation of Cholesterol from Brain

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Laboratory techniques in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Work and Work.

2. A Biologist's Guide to principles and of practical Biochemistry K. Wilson and

Goulding W.H, 1986. ELBS Edn.,

3. Modern Experimental Biochemistry, Boyer R. 3 Edn. Benjamin Cummings

rd

Publications

4. Laboratory Manual in Biochemistry. Jayaraman J. 1996. 5 Print New Age

th

International Ltd. Publishers, New Delhi.

5. Biochemical methods. Sadasivam. S. and Manickam A.,1991, 2 edn. New Age

nd

International Ltd. Publishers, New Delhi

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M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER I

PRACTICAL II - LAB COURSE II

1. Analyse the following contents in the selected food sample

Calories, Crude fibre and Dietary fibre, Moisture, Nitrogen, Ash

calcium, phosphorus, iron, carotene, thiamine, riboflavin, fat, protein

2. Estimation of amino acids

3. Separation of amino acids and sugars by paper chromatography (Ascending,

Descending, and Circular)

4. Separation of Protein Hb, Cytochrome C by Molecular sieve chromatography

5. Separation of amino acids by Paper Electrophoresis

6. Separation of Serum Protein by SDS PAGE

7. Separation of DNA by AGE

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Laboratory techniques in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Work and Work.

2. A Biologist's Guide to principles and of practical Biochemistry K. Wilson and

Goulding W.H, 1986. ELBS Edn.,

3. Modern Experimental Biochemistry, Boyer R. 3 Edn. Benjamin Cummings

rd

Publications

4. Laboratory Manual in Biochemistry. Jayaraman J. 1996. 5 Print New Age

th

International Ltd. Publishers, New Delhi.

5. Biochemical methods. Sadasivam. S. and Manickam A.,1991, 2 edn. New Age

nd

International Ltd. Publishers, New Delhi

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M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER II
CORE IV -BIOENERGETICS AND INTERMEDIARY
METABOLISM
UNIT I

Bioenergetics : Energy transformation , Laws of thermodynamics, Gibbs energy,

Free energy changes and redox potential, ATP as Energy Currency of cells , High and
low energy compounds – Electron transport chain ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,
Inhibitors and Uncouplers of ETC, shuttle systems.

UNIT II

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Introduction to metabolism of cells, glycolysis and its regulation, citric acid cycle, its
function in energy generation and regulation of TCA cycle, Gluconeogenesis and its
regulation, Metabolism of glycogen and its regulation. Hexose Monophosphate
Pathway, Uronic acid pathway, Cori cycle, Metabolism of other hexoses – Fructose,
Galactose. Hormonal influence and regulation of Carbohydrate metabolism.

UNIT III

Lipid Metabolism :

Biosynthesis of Fatty acid - Palmitic acid, Stearic acid ,Oleic acid, linoleic acid and
Arachidonic acid, Oxidation of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Oxidation of
fatty acids-alpha ,beta and omega oxidation in even and odd numbered fatty acids.
Metabolism of Triacyl glycerol, phospholipids and sphingolipids. Cholesterol
biosynthesis and regulation. Catabolism transport and excretion of cholesterol,
lipoprotein metabolism. Ketone bodies formation and utilization.

UNIT IV

Aminoacid Metabolism

Biosynthesis and Degradation of Tryptophan, Phenylalanine, Lysine, Methionine and

Glutamine. Transamination, oxidative and non-oxidative deamination,
decarboxylation- urea cycle and its regulation. Integration of metabolic Pathways.
Interrelationship of carbohydrates proteins and fat metabolism. Interconversion of
major food stuffs. Metabolic profile of the principal organs and their relationships.

22
 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

UNIT V

Nucleotide Metabolism

Purine nucleotides Metabolism: de novo synthesis, salvage pathway and catabolism

with energetics.

Pyrimidine nucleotides Metabolism: de novo synthesis, salvage pathway and

degradation of pyrimidine nucleotides. Regulation of Purine and Pyrimidine
nucleotide metabolism. Synthesis tRNA, rRNA and mRNA with regulation.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Lehninger's Principles of Biochemistry, Nelson, David l. and Cox, 2000 M.M.

Macmillan/ worth,.NY

2. Fundamentals Of Biochemistry, Donald Voet, Judith G.Voet and Charlotte W Pratt,

1999, John Wiley & Sons, NY

3. Outlines of Biochemistry, Eric E.Conn, P.K. Stumpf, G.Brueins and Ray H.Doi, 1987.
John Wiley & Sons, NY

4. Biochemistry, Lubert stryer, 1994. 3rd Edn., W H freeman and co, Sanfrancisco.

5. Text book of biochemistry,Thomas M Devlin, 1997 4th edition ,A John Wiley, In

6. Biochemistry, Zubay G L , 1988.4th edition W M C Brown Publishers.

7. Principles of Biochemistry , Garrette & Grisham, 1994. Saunders college Publishing

8. Harper's Biochemistry, R.K. Murray and others, 25 ed 2009. Appleton and Lange,
th

Stanford

9. Regulation in Metabolism , E.A.Newshome ,C. Start, John Wiley & Sons.

23
M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER II

CORE V - CLINICAL ENZYMOLOGY

UNIT I

IUB system of classification and nomenclature, Enzyme units , Active site, Enzyme
Kinetics-Activation energy, Derivation of Michaelis Menten equation, Factors
affecting enzyme activity, Enzyme assay, Coenzymes, Isoenzymes and mutlienzyme
complex, Mechanism and regulation of enzyme action- Allosteric and feedback
regulation.

UNIT II

Principles of Diagnostic enzymology – Laboratory investigation of serum and

urinary enzymes, Intracellular localization of enzymes, Diagnostic and Prognostic
importance of plasma and non plasma specific enzymes. Cytosolic enzymes –
SGPT,ALP and Myocardial isoenzymes LDH, CPK – their source, properties, function,
normal value, diagnostic importance. Significance of enzymes in bone disorder and
muscle wasting

UNIT III

Clinical significance of Enzymes -Transaminases, Creatine Kinase, Lactate

Dehydrogenase, Alkaline phosphatase, Acid phosphatase, Aldolases, Amylases,
Elastase, Gamma glutamyl Transferase, 5' - Nucleotidase, Choline Esterases,
Hexokinase, Lipoprotein Lipase.

UNIT IV

Enzymes in Inborn error of metabolism – Phenylketonuria, Alkaptonuria,

Tyrosinosis, Albinism, Hartnup's disease ,Galactoemia, Taysacch's disease, Niemann
Pick's disease, Hunter Syndrome, Lesh Nyhan Syndrome.

UNIT V

Enzymes in Medicine and diagnosis. Normal and Abnormal value of diagnostic

marker enzymes, Enzymes in detoxication of drug metabolism, Enzymes in diagnosis:
Cerebrospinal fluid , Amniotic fluid and Biopsy samples. Antioxidant enzymes – SOD,
Catalase, GPX and GR. Therapeutic enzymes: Thrombolytic enzyme, wound healer,
erythropoiesis stimulator.

24
 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Enzymes By Dixon , E.C Webb, CJR Thorne and K.F. Tipton, Longmans , London.

2. Fundamentals of Enzymology, Nicholas C.Price, and Lewis Stevans, 1998. 2 ed., .

nd

3. Understanding Enzymes, Trevor Palmer, 1991. 3 Edn., Ellis Horwood Limited.

rd

4. Protein Biotechnology, Gary Walsh and Denis Headon, 1994.John Wiley and Sons,

5. Protein Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gary Walsh,2002, John Wiley and Sons
Ltd.

6. Enzyme kinetics and Mechanism –Paul F.Cook

25
M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER II

CORE VI - ADVANCED ENDOCRINOLOGY

UNIT I

Hormones - Introduction, classification, hormonal effects and regulation – basic

concepts

Chemical properties of hormones: Peptide hormones, Steroid hormone,

Neurohormone. Concept of Receptors

Cell surface and intracellular (cytoplasmic and nuclear) receptors, G protein coupled
receptors, Pharmacological receptors – Neurotransmitter receptors. Second
messenger system – Ca cAMP, cGMP, DAG, and IP3.
2+

UNIT II

Chemical nature and mechanism of action of steroid hormones and glycoprotein

hormones on target tissues. Hypothalamus, Pituitary- Posterior and Anterior,
Thyroid, parathyroid, Adrenal and Pineal glands: Secretions, Structure, physiology
and Mechanism of action.

UNIT III

Secretions, Structure, physiological function and Mechanism of action of Pancreatic

hormones – Insulin, glucagon, Gastrointestinal hormones – Gastrin, secretin and
somatostatin, Sex hormones - testosterone, progesterone and oestrogen.

UNIT IV

Secretions, Structure, physiological function, Mechanism of action, Dysfunction and

pathophysiology of hypothalamus – Posterior and anterior hypophyseal complex.
Dysfunction and pathophysiology of thyroid, parathyroid, pancreas, adrenals,
gonads and gastrointestinal hormones.

UNIT V

Endocrine system: Laboratory diagnosis and investigations related to the disorders of

Hypothalamus- Hypophyseal complex. ELISA,,[All types] PCR Techniques with
reference to hormones estimation in biological sample: Insulin, T3 and T4. TSH. FSH,
LH GH, EGN, PGN.

26
 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

REFERENCE BOOKS :

1. Endocrinology, Mac E. Hadley, 2006, 4 . Edition. Prentice Hall International Inc

TH

2. Textbook of Medical Physiology, Guyton and Hall, 2000. 10 Edition, Saunders

th

Publishing Co.

3. Principles of Biochemistry, Emil Smith, Handler Abraham, 1983.7 th Edn., White,

Mcgraw Hill International book company.

4. Williams textbook of Endocrinology, P.Reed Larson, HenryM. Korenberg, Shlom

Melmed and Kenneth S. Polonsky, 2003, 10th Edition, Saunder Philadelphia, USA.

5. Harpers Biochemistry, Murray et al., 2003. 2nd Edition, Mc Graw Hill Publications,
USA.

27
M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER II

ELECTIVE II - MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY

UNIT I

Classification of medically important bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses. Infection

– types – Source – Methods of transmission of infections. Host parasite
relationship. Bacterial virulence factors. Staining and biochemical identification of
bacteria. Ground rules for collection, transport and processing of clinical specimens
for microbiological diagnosis

UNIT - II

Medical Bacteriology

Morphology, cultural characters, antigenic characters, pathogenicity, laboratory

diagnosis, treatment and control of diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus,
Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis,
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Clostridia, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio
cholerae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Antibacterial antibiotics – mode of action

UNIT -III

Medical Mycology

Morphology, culture properties, pathogenicity, laboratory diagnosis,

treatmentandcontrol of superficial mycosis – TineaNigra and Piedra.Cutaneous
mycosis – Dermatophytes.Subcutaneous mycosis – Mycetoma.Systemic mycosis –
Histoplasma.Opportunistic mycosis – Candida. Antifungal agents and mechanism of
action in inhibition of fungal growth.

UNIT – IV

Medical Parasitology

Morphology, life cycle, pathogenicity, lab diagnosis treatment and control measures
of Intestinal amoebae – Entamoeba histolytica. Intestinal and genital flagellates –
Giardia intestinalis and Trichomonas vaginalis. Blood flagellates – Trypanosoma.
Haemosporina –Plasmodium. Coccidian – Toxoplasma gondii. Helminthic parasites –
Cestodes – Taenia solium. Trematode – Fasciola hepatica. Nematodes – Ascaris
lumbricoidesand Wuchereria bancrofti

28
 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

UNIT – V

Medical Virology

Morphology, cultivation, replication, pathogenicity, laboratory diagnosis treatment

and control measures of diseases caused by Pox virus, Herpes virus, Hepatitis (A,B
and C) Orthomyxo virus – Inluenza virus. Picarno virus – Polio.Paramyxo virus –
Parainfluenza virus, Mumps, Measles, .Rhubella virus, HIV, Arbo viruses. Oncogenic
viruses. Emerging viruses. Antiviral agents and mechanism of action.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Principles of Bacteriology, Virology and Immunity. Topley and Wilson, 1995. 9 th

edition, Vol I, Edward Arnold, London

2. Medical Virology Morag C and Timbury, M.C 1994. 10 Edition. Churchill Livingston,
th

London

3. Medical Microbiology, Greenwood, D., Slack, R.B. and Peutherer, J F. , 2002. 16 th

Edition.Churchill Livingston, London

4. Text book of Microbiology. Anatntha Narayanan and Paniker's 2013. 9 Edition.

th

Universities Press, (India) Private Limited, Hyderabad.

5. A text book of Medical Mycology , Jegadish Chander ,1996. Interprint. New Delhi

6. Text book of Medical Parasitology Protozoology and Helminthology Text and colour
Atlas.Subash Chandra Parija 2013. 4 Edition. All India Publishers and Distributers,
th

New Delhi.

7. Medical Microbiology and Immunology. Warren Livingstone and Ernest Jawetz 2000.
6 Edition. McGraw Hill companies. Inc.
th

29
M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER III
PRACTICAL III - LAB COURSE III
I. Assay of Enzymes
1. Isolation, purification, and kinetics of ALP and ACP in animal sample
2. Determination of activity of enzymes: LDH, AST, ALT, CK, Phosphatase
(Spectrophotometric method) and Antioxidant enzymes [ CAT, SOD, GPx, GR].
3. Separation of LDH isozymes in PAGE from serum/Liver
4. Kinetic studies of Amylases and Acid phosphatase
II. Endocrine function tests
1. Assay of Insulin by ELISA
2. Estimation of urinary excretion of VMA, 5-HIAA, 17 - ketosteroids, Catecholamines
and Cortisol
3. Estimation of bilirubins and hepato-biliary function tests
4. Thyroid function tests – T3 and T4 Assay
5. Analysis of gastric juice
6. Estimation of TSH, Progesterone and Oestrogen .
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Laboratory Manual in Biochemistry. J. Jayaraman,1996. 5th Print .New Age
International Ltd. Publishers, New Delhi
2. Biochemical methods, S. Sadasivam and A.Manickam, 1991. 2nd Edn.,New Age
International Ltd. Publishers, New Delhi.
3. Text book of Practical Biochemistry, David T.Plummer, 2010. 3rd Edn., Book
Vistas, NewDelhi
4. Enzyme structure and mechanism, Aln Fersht,1997, Reading, USA
5. Modern Experimental Biochemistry, Rodney F. Boyer, 2000. 3rd Edn.
Benjamin Cummings Publications.

30
 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER III
PRACTICAL IV - LAB COURSE IV

1. Bacterial Staining techniques – Simple, Gram, Acid fast, Endospore,

Capsule, granule and Metachromatic staining.
2. Motility Test – Hanging drop method
3. Biochemical identification of bacteria – Catalase test, Oxidase test, IMViC test, TSI,
Urease and carbohydrate fermentation tests
4. Lactophenol cotton blue staining – Penicillium spp., Aspergillus spp.,
Trichophyton spp.,Microsporum spp., and Candida albicans
5. Gram Staining and Germ tube test of Candida albicans
6. Lugol's iodine mount – Cysts - Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba coli, Giardia
lamblia
7. Eggs – Ascaris lumbricoides
8. Blood smear examination – Plasmodium/Microfilariae (Demo)
9. Antibiotic sensitivity test – Kirby Bauer method
10. ELISA – HIV and HBs
11. Viral Haem-agglutination Assay
12. ASO test
13. WIDAL Test
14. RPR Test
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Microbiology laboratory Manual., Sundararaj T.Mrs. AswathySunararaj, No 5, 1 st

Cross Street, Thirumalainagar, Perungudi, Chennai - 96

2. Microbiology: A laboratory manual, James G Cappuccino and Natalie Sherman
2004. 6 edition, Published by Pearson Education.
th

3. Myer's and Koshy's Manual of diagnostic procedures in medical microbiology and

Immunology/serology. Published by Department of Clinical Microbiology. CMC and
Hospital, Vellore, Tamil Nadu
4. Experiments in Microbiology, Plant pathology and Biotechnology, Aneja K R 2005. 4 th

edition. New age International publishers, Chennai.

5. Experiments in Microbiology. Rajan S and Selvi Christy 2015. Anjana Book House,
Publishers and distributors, Chennai, Tamil Nadu

31
M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER III
CORE VII - IMMUNOLOGY
UNIT I
Overview of the immune system: Non – specific and specific components of immunity.
Cells, primary and secondary organs of immune system. Hematopoiesis. Antigens –
Immunogenicity, haptens, adjuvants, epitopes - T cell and B cell epitopes.
Immunoglobulins- Structure, classes, biological activities, antigenic determinants, Ig
superfamily, organization and expression of Ig genes, abzymes.
UNIT II
T cell and B cell receptors, Interaction of T cells and B cells. T cell and B cell
maturation, activation, differentiation and proliferation. Effector mechanism-
Macrophage activation, cytokine mediated immunity. Clonal selection theory,
Immunoglobulin rearrangements, Class switching. Complement system and
regulation. Cytokines and Cell – mediated effector responses.
UNIT III
Organization and functions of MHC, structure of MHC molecules, Antigen processing
and presentation. Classes of MHC molecules. Hypersensitive reactions [all types].
Immune response to infectious diseases. Transplantation types, MHC antigens in
transplantation, Mechanism of graft rejection and Immunosuppressive therapy.
Autoimmunity and Immuno-deficiency diseases; types, mechanism of HIV
organization and pathogenesis
UNIT-IV
Oncogenes, tumour antigens and cancer induction, metastasis, immune response to
tumour, cancer immunotherapy. Immunization – Active and passive Immunization,
types of vaccine and vaccine technology; Peptide vaccine, toxoids, Recombinant
vector vaccine, DNA vaccine, Synthetic peptide vaccine. Hybridoma techniques- HAT
media, Production of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Gene transfer into
mammalian cells – cultured cells and mouse embryos
UNIT-V
Experimental animal models – Inbred strains, Adaptive - transfer systems,
Haemolytic plaque assay, SCID mice. Cell – culture systems - primary, cloned and

32
 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

hybrid lymphoid cell lines. Protein labelling techniques. Antigen - Antibody reactions
– Agglutination and precipitation, Immuno-electrophoresis, Immuno - blotting
technique, RIA, ELISA - principle, types and applications. Immuno-fluorescence,
Avidin-biotin mediated assay, Flow cytometry.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Kuby Immunology,Thomas J. Kindt, Richard A Goldsby, 2013. 7 Edn., Publisher W
th

H Freeman & Co
2. Roitt's Essential Immunology- Ivan Roitt, Peter Delves, et al., 2011, 12 Edition,
th

Wiley – Blackwell Science.

3. Immunology, An Introduction:Ian R. Tizard,1995.Saunders Publishers.
4. The Immune System,Peter Parham ,2014. Publisher Garland publishing
5. Cellular and Molecular Immunology. Abbas et al., 2011. Elsevier

33
M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER III

CORE VIII - PHARMACEUTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY AND

TOXICOLOGY
UNIT I

Biopharmaceutical properties of drugs: Mechanism of drug absorption –

physiochemical factors versus drug absorption. Drug dissociation versus drug
absorption. Isomerism and pharmacological activity. Structural features and
pharmacological activity; geometric isomerism, configuration influence on
pharmacologic activity. Effect of conformational isomerism on biological activity of
drugs.

UNIT II

Theoretical aspects of drug designing. Molecular modelling: Principles of

computational chemistry, molecular mechanics, chemical methods. Hardware
considerations, Software considerations. Receptors and drug action, Affinity – Role of
chemical bonding. Dose – Response relationships, Receptor location, Receptor and
the biological response. Receptor subtypes. Dynamic nature of receptors.
Nonsteroidal anti – inflammatory drugs. Drugs affecting sugar metabolism. Drugs of
clinical significance.

UNIT III

Drug metabolism: First phase metabolism – Elimination pathway – Entero - hepatic

cycling of drugs. Drug biotransformation pathway – phase I – Hepatic cytochrome P450
enzyme system; Cytochrome P450 cycle – induction and inhibition. – Oxidation
catalysed by cytochrome P450 isoforms – All types of hydroxylation, Deamination –
Dealkylation – Dehalogenation. Oxidations: Microsomal & Non – microsomal
oxidations. Miscellaneous reductions.

UNIT IV

Drug conjugation pathways- Phase – II: Hyaluronic acid conjugation – sulfate

conjugation – conjugation with amino acids; Acetylation, Glutathione conjugation,
cyanide conjugation. Extra hepatic metabolism – Toxicity from oxidative metabolism.
Drug interactions – Ames test. Metabolic pathways of common drugs. Lovastatin,
Acetaminophen, Ciprofloxacin, Caffeine, Theophylline, Nicotine, Ibuprofen,

34
 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

Tamoxifen. General toxicology: Basic principles of diagnosis. Mechanism of toxic

effect, Toxico kinetics. Response of respiratory system, reproductive system, liver and
kidney to toxic agents. Toxic effects of metals, solvents and environmental pollutants.

UNIT V

Toxicology: Principles of toxicology and treatment of poisoning. Heavy metals and

antagonists. Non-metallic environmental toxicants. Methods involved in the
development of new drugs. Preclinical toxicological studies. Determination of LD 50
and ED50. Acute, sub-acute and chronic toxicity studies. Antidotes in the
management of poisoning. Applied analytical toxicology and toxico vigilance.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Text Book of Biochemistry, B.Harrow and A.Mazur, 1966. 9 th

Edition,
W.B.Saunders Co., Philadelphia.

2. An Introduction to Practical Biochemistry, D.T.Plumer, 1988. 3 rd

Edition, Tata
McGraw Hill, New Delhi.

3. Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics, Satoskar,R.S et al., 2015.24 Edition, th

Popular Prakasham, Bombay.

4. Applied Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Shargel,L. et al., 2015. 7 th

Edition, McGraw-Hill Medical.

35
M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER III

CORE IX -CLINICAL AND NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY

UNIT I

Uses of Biochemical data in clinical medicine- specific uses of biochemical tests in

management and prognosis-screening. Acquisition & Interpretation of biochemical
data-Factors affecting test results-Pre-analytical factors-Biological factors –
Endogenous & Exogenous– Accuracy–Precision and Analytical goal.

Quality of laboratory medicine- Quality management systems, Personnel information

systems- clinical effectiveness. Clinical quality indicators- effectiveness, demand
management. Selection of methods for common analysis in serum/plasma – total
proteins, glucose, urea, creatinine

Specimen: Whole blood, plasma, serum, CSF and gastric fluid collection methods and
preservation

UNIT II

Disorders of glucose metabolism: Role of hormones in regulation of plasma glucose

level, renal threshold value, Hyperglycemia and Diabetes mellitus: Diagnosis,
prognosis and management, hypoglycemia. Glycogen storage diseases, Fructosuria,
Lactose intolerance.

Disorders of lipid metabolism: Familial hypercholesterolemia, hypo and hyper

cholesterolemia, Fatty liver, Hyper and hypo lipoproteinemia, hypertriglyceridemia,
Atherosclerosis and Myocardial Infarction – Biochemical changes, Diagnosis,
prognosis and management.

Disorders of Nitrogen metabolism: Excretion of nitrogenous waste products,

porphyrias, Hemoglobinopathies, Uricaciduria- Pathogenesis, diagnosis and
management

UNIT III

Liver function tests: Based on abnormalities of bile pigment metabolism, changes in

plasma proteins, excretion, detoxification. Role of serum enzymes in diagnosis of liver
diseases. Management of jaundice, hepatitis, cirrhosis, liver failure, hepatic coma
and gall stones.

36
 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

Kidney function tests: Abnormal constituents of urine, biochemical findings ,

Glomerular and tubular function tests. Pathogenesis, Biochemical changes,
diagnosis and prognosis: Nephrotic syndrome, Glomerular nephritis, kidney failure,
Urolithiasis and nephrolithiasis.

Gastric functional tests: Fluid composition, pathology, diagnosis and management of

Ulcer [all types] and gastritis.Tumor markers and molecular significances; Oncofetal
protein, Oral carcinoma, mammary carcinoma, liver carcinoma, Kidney cancer,
leukemia-Acute and Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia and Myeloid Leukemia

UNIT IV

Composition of human body. Energy content of foods. Measurement of energy

expenditure: direct & indirect calorimetry. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) and specific
dynamic action (SDA) and factors affecting BMR. Thermogenic effects of foods. Energy
requirements of man and woman and factors affecting energy requirements.

Nutritional disorders and management – Malnutrition, Kwashiorkor, Marasmus and

nitrogen imbalance. Obesity and secondary causes of obesity, appetite and eating
disorders. Physicochemical properties and physiological functions of dietary fibres.

UNIT V

Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals - Introduction - Defining the concept – Cereals

and pulses and functional food. Teleology of Nutraceuticals – Primary and secondary
metabolites in plants. General Teleology – a) Carotenoids b) Conjugated linolenic acid
c) Flavonoids d) Sulphur containing Amino Acid Derivatives e) Omega 3 fatty acids f)
PUFA g) Terpenoids.

Dietary Supplements – role of nutraceuticals in the management of Inborn errors of

metabolism, obesity, neurological disorder, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, Cardiac
vascular disease, vitamin A Deficiency .
REFERNCE BOOKS
1. Practical Clinical Biochemistry, Harold Varley, 2006. 4th and 6th editions, CBS
publishers
2. Clinical Chemistry in diagnosis and treatment, Mayne,1999, ELBS,
3. Clinical Biochemistry- Metabolic and clinical aspects, William J. Marshall, Marta
Lapsley, Andrew P. Day, Ruth M. Ayling,2014. Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier.
4. Food Science, Srilakshmi B, 2002, 5th edition, New Age International Pvt Ltd.

37
M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

5. Modern Nutrition in health and disease, Robert S Goodhart, 2012, 11th edition,
Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
6. Food facts and principles, N Shakuntala, O Manay, 2001, New Age International Pvt
Ltd.
7. Practical Clinical Biochemistry , Harold Varley, 2006. 4th and 6th editions, CBS
publishers
8. Clinical Chemistry in diagnosis and treatment, Mayne,1999, ELBS,
9. Clinical Biochemistry- Metabolic and clinical aspects, William J.Marshall, Marta
Lapsley,Andrew P. Day, Ruth M. Ayling,2014. Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier.
10. Food Science , B. Srilakshmi,2003.3rd Edn. New Age International
11. Modern Nutrition in health and disease, Robert S Goodhartand Maurice E.
Shils,1974.5th Edn. Lea & Febiger US
12. Food facts and principles, Sakuntala N.Manay and M. Shadaksharaswamy;
2009.3rd Edition New Age International

38
 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER III

ELECTIVE III - BIOSTATISTICS AND MEDICAL

BIOINFORMATICS
UNIT I

Organizing a statistical survey, Planning and executing the survey. Source of data -
Primary and secondary data collection. Classification and tabulation of data.
Diagrammatic and graphic presentation of data.

UNIT II

Measure of central tendency - arithmetic mean, median, mode, quartiles, deciles and
percentiles. Measure of variation - range, quartile deviation, mean deviation,
standard deviation, Coefficient of variation. Correlation analysis - Scatter diagram,
Karl's Pearson's coefficient of correlation and Spearman's rank method. Regression
analysis.

UNIT III

Sampling distribution and test of significance – Concepts of sampling, Testing of

hypothesis, errors in hypothesis testing, standard error and sampling distribution,
sampling of variables (large samples and small samples.). Student's "t" distribution
and its applications. Chi-square test and goodness of fit. Analysis of variance - one
way and two way classification. Duncan's Multiple Range test.

UNIT IV

Aims and tasks of Bioinformatics - applications of Bioinformatics - challenges and

opportunities - internet basics – HTML - introduction to NCBI data model - Various file
formats for biological sequences. Primary sequence databases - Composite sequence
databases - Secondary databases - Nucleic acid sequence databases

- Protein sequence data bases - Structural databases –- Protein structure visualization

tools (Ras Mol, Swiss PDB Viewer).

Sequence analysis of Biological data - Significance of Sequence alignment - Pairwise

sequence alignment methods - Multiple sequence alignment methods – Tools and
application of multiple sequence alignment.

39
M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

UNIT V

Definition of genome and genomics. Types of gene map-genetic, cytogenetic and

physical. Molecular markers for mapping - RFLPs, microsatellites and SNPs.
Assembling a physical map of the genome - chromosome walking and jumping.
Genome projects: E.coli, D.melanogaster, A. thaliana and mouse. The human genome
project: goals, mapping strategies, markers, sequencing technologies, results of final
sequence, potential benefits and risks, ethical, legal and social issues (ELSI).

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Biostatistics analysis, Zar, J.H, 1984.Prentice Hall, New Jersey

2. Statistical methods for biologists, Palanichamy. S and Manoharan. M., 1990.

3. Statistical methods, S.P Gupta. 2011. 41 Edn. Chand & Co.

st

4. Biostatistics – A foundation for analysis in health science, Wayne W,Daniel and

Chad L.Cross,10 Edn. John Wley & Sons Inc.
th

5. Biochemical calculation and biostatistics, Dr. E.Padmini, 2010.2 Edn. Wiley India
nd

Pvt.Limited

6. Bioinformatics - Concepts, Skills, and Applications , S.C. Rastogi Namita

Mendiratta and Parag Rastogi, 2003 CBS Publishing.

7. Bioinformatics - A practical guide to analysis of Genes & Proteins Andreas D

Baxevanis and B F Francis, 2000. John Wiley.

8. Introduction to Bioinformatics,T K Attwood, D J Parry and Smith, 2005., 1st

Edition, 11 Reprint Pearson Education.ss
th

9. Bioinformatics, C S V Murthy, 20031 Edition. Himalaya Publishing House,

st

10. Basic Bioinformatics, S. Ignacimuthu and S.J. Narosa, 1995.Publishing House.

11. An Introduction to Computational Biochemistry, C.S. Tsai, 2002. Wiley& Liss, New
York.

40
 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER III

PRACTICAL V - LAB COURSE V

I Haematology

1. Enumeration of RBC and WBC

2. Differential count

3. Estimation of Haemoglobin

a) Colorimetric method

b) Sahli's method

4. Determination of Bleeding Time and Clotting time

5. ESR, Haematocrit and PCV

II Blood/ Serum Analysis

1. Estimation of total blood sugar, GTT, GlyHb

2. Estimation of Total protein by Lowry's method

3. Determination of A:G ratio by Biuret method

4. Estimation of Urea DAM method

5. Estimation of Creatine and Creatinine- Alkaline picrate method

6. Estimation of Cholesterol, TG, HDL,LDL and VLDL

7. Estimation of Bilirubin [TB, DB & IB]

8. Estimation of Vitamin A and C

9. Determination of LDH and CPK activity

10. Determination of AST & ALT activity

11. Estimation of Cu and Fe

41
M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

III Urine Analysis

1. Estimation of Urea, Uric acid, Creatine and Creatinine

2. Estimation of Titrable acidity

3. Estimation of Phosphate

4. Estimation of Na & K, Ca

5. Estimation of Chloride- Vanslyke's method

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Laboratory Manual in Biochemistry, J. Jayaraman, 1996. 5 Print New Age

th

International Ltd. Publishers, New Delhi.

2. Biochemical methods. Sadasivam. S. and Manickam A. 1991, 2 edn. New Age

nd

International Ltd. Publishers, New Delhi.

3. Text book of Practical Biochemistry, David T.Plummer, 2010. 3 Edn., Book Vistas,
rd

NewDelhi

4. Modern Experimental Biochemistry, III Edn. Boyer R. Benjamin Cummings

Publications

5. Practical Clinical Biochemistry- Vol I Harold Varely, Alan H. Gowenlock, Maurice

Bell,1980,5 Edn Heinmann Medical London
th

6. Harold Varley - Practical Clinical Biochemistry, Vol II Harold Varely, Alan H.

Gowenlock, Maurice Bell,1980,5 Willinson Heinmann Medical
th

7. Laboratory Manual in Biochemistry Pattabiraman, T.N., 2015.4 Edn. All India

th

Publishers.

8. Hand Book of Emergency Lab Tests, Worthly L.I.G.1996. Churchill Livingstone

42
 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER III

PRACTICAL VI - LAB COURSE VI

I. Agglutination

1. Blood Grouping and Rh Typing

2. RA test

3. CRP test

4. Pregnancy Test

II. Precipitation

1. Immunodiffusion – Mancini and Ouchterlony method

2. Immuno Electrophoresis

3. Rocket Immuno Electrophoresis

4. Counter Current Immuno Electrophoresis

5. Immunoprecipitation test

III. Enzyme immune assay

1. ELISA

IV. Hybridization Technique

1. Western Blotting

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Practical immunology Frank L Hay and Olywn M R 4 Edn. Westwood

th

2. Practical Manual of Biochemistry S.P. Singh, 2013. CBS publishers

3. Laboratory techniques in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Work and Work.

4. Bioinformatics – A Practical Guide to the analysis of gene and proteins.

43
M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

SEMESTER IV

PAPER X - BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION

UNIT - I

Classification of biomedical equipments - Diagnostic, therapeutic and clinical

laboratory equipments, bielectric signals and their recording. Electrodes for ECG,
EMG and EEG and their characteristics, bioelectrode - types, electrode - tissue
interface, contact impedance.

Transducers for biomedical application. Types, properties, characteristics and

selection of transducers for biological instrumentation.

UNIT - II

Biosensors – Principle and mechanism of calorimetric, potentiometric, immuno and

optical biosensors. Autoanalyser - types and application. Automatic tissue processing
and application of microtome. Principle and clinical application of pulse oximeter and
sphygmomanometer.

UNIT - III

Principle and applications - X-ray machine, radiography, fluoroscopy, conventional

X-ray imaging, angiography, Computer tomography and linear tomography.
Ultrasonic imaging system. Physics of ultrasonic waves, medical ultrasound, different
mode of operation of ultrasound – A scan and B scan, application of ultra sound scan,
CT scan, MRI scan and echocardiography.

UNIT - IV

Introduction, characteristics, diagnostics and therapeutic application and advantage

of pulsed ruby laser, ND- YAG laser, CO2 laser, argon laser and helium neon laser.

Introduction, types, merits, demerits, limitations, diagnostic and therapeutic

application of endoscope, laparoscope and cardio scope.

UNIT - V

Therapeutic instruments - Introduction, types, life time, classification, power source

and electrodes of cardiac pacemaker and defibrillators. Application of surgical
diathermy equipment and heme dialysis in medicine.

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 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

Computer application in medicine - computerized catheterization laboratory,

computerized patient monitoring system.

REFERENCE BOOKS :

1. Handbook of medical instruments, R.S Khandpur,2003.2 Edn.Tata McGraw-Hill

nd

Publishing Company.

2. Biomedical instrumentation, Leslie Cromwell, Fred J. Weibell, Erich A. Pfeiffer,

1980. 2 Edn. Prentice-Hall,
nd

3. Medical Instrumentation, John G. Webster, 2003, John Wiley & Sons.

4. Principles of applied Biomedical instrumentation by L.A. Goddes and L.E. Baker,

1989. 3 Edn. John Wiley India Pvt.Ltd.
rd

5. Introduction to Biomedical Equipment Technology, Carr J. and J, Brown J.

M, 2009. 4 Edn..Pearson.
th

6. Medical electronics and Instrumentation by Sanjay Gupta.

45
M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

ELECTIVE IV - MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND

BIOTECHNOLOGY
UNIT I

Molecular structure of Genes and chromosomes. Organisation of genes in

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Transcription units -
Structure of DNA-semiconservative model of replication- experimental evidences.

Replication of DNA; Enzymes, replication in eukaryotes; circular and helical DNA

regulation – regulation of replication. DNA damage and repair.

UNIT - II

Transcription – structure and functions of RNA polymerase – initiation, elongation,

and termination of transcription. Post transcriptional modifications. Transcription in
Eukaryotes. Various classes of RNA – mRNA, tRNA, snRNA, and hnRNA

UNIT - III

Genetic code – salient features, decipheration , Wobble hypothesis, natural variation

in genetic code. Translation: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Translation; Initiation,
elongation and termination – Inhibitors of translation – Post translational
modifications and protein sorting.

UNIT - IV

Animal cell culture: Culture media – role of carbon dioxide, serum, growth factors,
glutamine in cell culture. Types of cell culture – primary and established culture,
organ culture, tissue culture. Disaggregation of tissue and primary cell culture, cell
separation, cryopreservation..

.UNIT - V

Transgenic animals and plants – monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies – vaccines and
diagnosis – edible vaccines – humulins- interferons

Stem cells – History – types- culturing of stem cells – Embyonic stem cells, cord blood,
adult stem cells- cloning- stem cell banking – Stem cell therapy- Ethics.

46
 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, J.Sambroot E.F. Fritsch and T.Maniatis,

2000.Cold Spring Harbe Laboratory Press New York,

2. Gene VII Benjamin Lewin, 2000.Oxford University Press, London

3. Cell and Molecular Biology, 2000. 3 edn. Gerald Karp, John Wiley and Sons Inc
rd

4. Molecular Cell Biology – Lodish, Baltimore et al., 1995, Scientific American Book,.

5. Molecular Biology David Freifelder Naro 1995.Publishing House, New Delhi

6. Molecular Biology Weaver R F, 1999..McGraw Hill Inc. NY

7. Molecular Biotechnology. Glick B.R. and Pasternak J.J. 2010,4 Edn. ASM Press,
th

USA.

8. DNA Molecular Biotechnology, 2003. Glick B.R. and Pasternak J.J.

9. Cloning 1 and 2, Glover D.M. and Hames B.D. 1995 IRL Press .

10. Recombinant DNA ,J.Watson, 1992 2 edition, W.H, Freeman and Co., NY.
nd

11. Essential Molecular Biology A Practical approach, T.A. Brown, 2007. 2 edition, IRL
nd

Press, Oxford.

12. Gene Cloning, An introduction, T.A. Brown 1995, 3 Edn. Chapman and Hall.
rd

47
M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

EXTRA DISCIPLINARY COURSE

EDC I - BIOCHEMISTRY IN HUMAN HEALTH

UNIT - I

Carbohydrate - Source of carbohydrates, significance of carbohydrates in cellular

activities and organism life system. Mucopolysaccharidosis, Lactose and Fructose
intolerance. Normal level of sugar, alterations; Diabetes mellitus, types and its
complications. Control and Management of diabetes mellitus.

UNIT - II

Protein -Sources of proteins and amino acids. Importance of proteins in living

organisms. Normal level of protein in human. Protein deficiency disease-Kwashiorkor
and Marasmus Protein quality 'Inborn error of amino acid metabolism.

UNIT - III

Fatty acids - source of fats and importance of fats and lipids in living organism and.
Role of LDL, VLDL, HDL and chylomicrons in human body. Normal levels of
cholesterol hypercholesterolemia and role of cholesterol in Blood pressure.
Atherosclerosis and Heart attack' Prevention and control of heart related diseases

UNIT – IV

Water structure, physical and chemical properties. Vitamins- water soluble and fat
soluble vitamins; Sources, chemical composition, Biological function and property,
Deficiency diseases in human.

UNIT - V

Minerals Source and deficiency disorders of Macro-minerals; Sodium, Potassium,

Calcium, Magnesium, Micro-minerals: Copper, phosphorus, Iron, Iodine, Zinc and
Selenium in human Prevention and control of Anemia.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Text book of Medical Physiology - A.C . Guyton,8 Edn.1991, W.B.Saunders,

th

Harcourt Brace Company, Bangalore.

2. Text book of Medical Biochemistry 2002.M.N. Chatterjea and Rana Shinde,

5 Edn. JayPee Publications, New Delhi
th

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 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

3. Text book of Medical Biochemistry 2008.M.N. Chatterjea and Rana Shinde,

7 Edn. JayPee Publications, New Delhi
th

4. Fundamentals of Biochemistry, Dr.A.C.Deb 2006, New Central Book Agency(P)Ltd.

Kolkota.

5. Essentials of Biochemistry Sathyanarayanan.U. 2002, Books and allied (P) Ltd.

6. Fundamentals of Biochemistry for Medical Students by Ambika shanmugam

2006.Published by author;West CIT Nagar ,Chennai-35

7. Essentials of Medical Physiology , K.Sembilingam and Prema Sembulingam, 2010.

5 Edn.Jaypee Bros, medical Publishers(P)Ltd. Chennai.
th

8. Text Book of Biochemistry, S.Nagini, 2002. Scitech Publications(P) Ltd.,Chennai

49
M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

EXTRA DISCIPLINARY COURSE

EDC II - HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY AND NUTRITION

UNIT - I

Digestive system: outline of digestive system. Buccal, gastric and Intestinal digestion.
Role of liver in digestion. Intestinal- Absorption and assimilation- hormonal influence
in digestion.

Excretory system ; Structure of kidney and ultra-structure of nephron. Formation

and composition of urine. Outline of excretory system - ' Micturition'.

UNIT - II

Respiratory and Circulatory system: Types of respiration. - Outline of respiratory

system' respiratory pigments, Transport of 02 and CO2. Factors affecting oxygen
dissociation curve and carbon dioxide dissociation curve. Chloride shift.

Circulatory organs, composition of blood, systemic, pulmonary circulation,

Heartbeat, cardiac cycle, origin and conduction of heart beat, Regulation of heart
beat, human heart' coronary circulation, ischemic heart disease, ECG, Blood
pressure and cardiac output.

UNIT - III

Nervous and Muscular system: outline of nervous system, structure of neuron, types
of neuron, neurotransmitters. Condition of nerve impulse transmission, synaptic
transmission. Muscle –Types of muscle- Role of Actin and Myosin.-Action Potential.
Neuro muscular junction. Reflex action.

UNIT – IV

Introduction on Nutrition: Food factors for human being. Nutritional classification,

foods, Energy – Energy value of food and its determination, energy expenditure –
components – basal metabolism, physical activity and thermogenesis- foods' Basal
metabolism: Definition, determination of basal metabolic rate (BMR). Standards of
BMR factors affecting BMR, energy utilization in cells and energy balance. Dietary
fiber- Definition, types of fiber in plant foods, sources, composition, role of dietary
fiber and resistant starch in nutrition, effect of over consumption of fiber.

50
 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

UNIT - V

Nutritional consequences and Dietary Allowances Nutritive value of protein' Protein

calorie malnutrition in children. protein and energy/ requirements Nitrogen balance
and imbalance.Deficiency Disease of Vitamins and Minerals (Iron, sodium,
potassium, fluoride, magnesium and calcium. ) Infant nutrition, nutrition for
preschool children, school children, adolescents, pregnant and lactating
mothers.Industrial workers. Geriatric nutrition and Lathyrism. Obesity: Aetiology
and occurrence, physiological regulation of foods intake assessment, complication,
treatment and prevention of obesity. Therapeutic diets.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Food Science ,Norman N.Potter, 1986. 3 edn. .Springer Science LLC, NY.
rd

2. Text book of Medical Physiology, Arthur C Guyton, 1976. 5 Edn. W. B. Saunders

th

publications, Tokyo.

3. Text Book of Medical Biochemistry ,M.N, Chatterjea and Rana Shindhe 2002. 5 th

Edition Chatterjee . JayPee publications, NewDelhi.

4 Food facts and principles, 1987. Shakuntala Manay , John Wley and Sons.

5 Modern nutrition in Health and disease , Robert S. Goodhart, Maurice, E. Shils, 1980.
Michael G. Wohl, Robert S. Goodhart and Maurice E. Shils (Editor).

6 Review of Medical Physiology by Ganong .W.F .2016, 25 Edition, A& L Lange series.
th

7 Concise Human Physiology ,Sukkar.M.Y, EI-Munshid.H. A and Ardawi.M.S.M. 2000,

John Wiley and Sons.

8 Human nutrition and dietetics,s.Davidson and J.R.Passmore . ELBS, Zurich.

9 Nutrition in health and disease ,Whol& Gccd har-t .

10 Human nutrition and dietetics I.S. Garral ,W.P.T.James lLPs Co3

51
M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

M.Sc. MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

EXTRA DISCIPLINARY COURSE

EDC III - HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT AND MEDICAL CODING

UNIT - I

Introduction on Hospital management: Eligibility and personal skills required for

Hospital management .Job opportunities in Hospital management. Important
hospital management Institutes in India and World Hospital management. Concept of
Modern Hospital & privatization in Health Sector, Public Sector Hospitals and Level of
care f offered, facilities, Effects of Globalization in Health care, Concept of Corporate
Hospital in developing countries,.

UNIT - II

Infrastructure and lay out of an ideal corporate hospital, -l Functioning of modern

hospitals & changing need of patients Hospitality in Hospital Care, - Invasive and non-
invasive diagnostic facilities in modern hospital Care offered in Specialty and Super
specialty Hospitals. Hospital management system: Benefits of Hospital management
systems, Modules of Hospital management system .Interfacing of analyzer Pathology
lab management. Radiology, Blood Bank, Pharmacology management software's.

UNIT - III

History of Medical Transcription: Drawbacks of MRP system, Advent of Medical

Transcription .Web friendly operating system. Market information on companies.
What Medical Transcription does? Benefits in a nut shell. Planning on Medical
Transcription set up Induction and orientation.

UNIT - IV

Impact of Medical Transcription: Medical Transcription impact on its stock holders

.Impact during the implementation process. Impact on Departments, Organization as
whole, Employment, Nature of job, Information access and Individual employees.
Advantages in corporate entity, Disadvantages.

UNIT - V

Medical Transcription implementation: Medical Re engineering, Choosing

appropriate transcription, Customise to suit the changes Medical Transcription: Best
practices Costs, Failure , Gap analysis. Implementation, Life cycle Medical
Transcription- Trouble and their solutions.

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 PERIYAR UNIVERSITY

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Hospital Management module II- 2001, NIHFW, New Delhi

2. Hospital Administration. G. D. Kunders. 2004.

3. Hospital and Health Services and Administration, Syed Amin Tabish,2001.Oxford

University Press.

53