Chapter 21

CHAPTER 21:
The Life and Works of Rizal
Second Homecoming and

The Liga Filipina
BY:
JESSICA ANN F. GARGANERA
BSIT 3-A
CHAPTER 21:
The Life and Works of Rizal
Second Homecoming and The Liga Filipina
June 26, 1892

August 1887 - His first Homecoming from abroad
•Second homecoming of Rizal.
•He Return to Manila
•It marked his re-entry into the hazardous campaign for reforms.
•He firmly believed that the fight for Filipino liberties' had assumed a new phase; it must be fought in the
Philippines not in Spain.
•In going home to lead anew reform movement, he was like the biblical Daniel bearding the Spanish lion in its
own den.
Arrival in Manila with Sister

• Rizal's bold return to manila with her widowed sister lucia (wife of the late Mariano Herbosa) in June 26,
1892, was his second homecoming . He was greeted by many carabineers headed by a major, a captain and
sergeant of a Veteran Civil Guard. After having himself inspected, he went to Hotel de Oriente where he
occupied room no. 2 facing the church of Binondo. At 4:00 o'clock afternoon of the same day, he went to
Malacañang Palace to seek audience with the Spanish Governor General, General Eulogio Despujol, Conde de
Caspe. At 7:00 o'clock pm, he returned to Malacañang Palace and was able to have discussions or exchange
opinions with Governor General Despujol who agreed to pardon his father but not the rest of his family and told
him to return on Wednesday.
What were his reasons for going back to the Philippines?

1.) He wanted to confer to Governor General Despujol about his Borneo Colonization Project.
2.) He wanted to establish La Liga Filipina to unite the Filipino people in the truest sense of unity and solidarity
against violence and deprivation.
3. He would like to prove to Eduardo de Lete that the criticism published against him in La Solidaridad had no
basis but only pure speculation.
• He firmly believe that the fight for filipino liberties had assumed a new phase. Rizal said " The battlefield is in
the Philippines. From there, we will meet, we will help one another. Together we will fight and sacrifice for the
sake of our homeland."
Visiting Friends in Central Luzon

• In June 27 at exactly 6:00 o'clock pm, Rizal rode a train in Tutuban Station and visited his friends who were
his supporters in reform crusade and his good Patriots in Malolos, San Fernando, Bacolor and Tarlac. He took
the opportunity to greet his friends (who were his supporters in the reform crusade) personally and discussed the
problems affecting their people.
• June 28, at 5:00 o'clock in the afternoon, He returned by train to Manila on the next day whether he knew it or
not, he shadowed by government spies that follows carefully his every movement.
• The homes he had visited were raided by the Guardia Civil which seized some copies of the Noli and Fili and
some "subversive" pamphlets.
• June 29. he did not succeed to have the penalty of exile lifted, but Despujol gave him hope with regard to his
sister's. As it was the feast of St. Peter and St. Paul the interview ended at 9:15. After his talk with Governor
General Despujol but he visited his sister's namely Narcisa and Neneng.
• June 30, they talked about the question of Borneo. The general was opposed to it and told him to come back
on Sunday.
Founding of the Liga Filipina

On July 3, 1892, on the evening of sunday, Rizal attended a meeting with his Patriots at the home of Chinese -
Filipino Mestizo, Doroteo Ongjunco on Ylanya street, Tondo Manila.
Rizal explained the Objectives of La Liga Filipina, A civic league of Filipinos which he desired to establish and
it's role in the socio-economic life of the people. He presented the Constitution of the Liga which he had written
in Hong Kong and discussed its provisions.
Officers of the New League:
Founder : Jose Rizal
1. President: Ambrosio Salvador
2. Secretary: Deodato Arellano
3. Treasurer: Bonifacio Arevalo
4. Fiscal: Agustin de la Rosa
Constitution of the Liga Filipina

The aims of the Liga Filipina, as embodied In its Constitution, were the following:
• To unite the whole archipelago into one compact and homogeneous body;
• Mutual protection in every want and necessity;
• Defense against all violence and injustice;
• Encouragement of education, agriculture and commerce;
• Study and application of reforms.
The motto of the Liga Filipina was:

"Unus Instar Omnium (One Like All)
• The governing body of the league was the Supreme Council which had jurisdiction iver the whole country.
There was a Provincial Council in every province and Popular Council in every town. And All Filipinos who
have at heart the welfare of their fatherland are qualified for membership. Every member pays an entrance fee
of two pesos and a monthly due of 10 centavos.
The duties of La Liga Filipina are in the following:

1. Obey the orders of the Supreme Council
2. To help In recruiting new members
3. To keep in strictest secrecy the decision of the Liga authorities.
4. To have symbolic name which he cannot change until he becomes a president of his council.
5. To report to the fiscal anything that he may hear to affect the Liga
6. To behave well as benefits of a good Filipino and lastly;
7. To help fellow members in all ways.
Rizal arrested and Jailed in Fort Santiago

• July 6: Rizal went to Malacañang Palace to resume his series of interviews with the governor general
Despujol.
• During his interview, Despujol suddenly showed him some printed leaflets which were allegedly found in
Lucia's pillow cases.
•These incriminatory leaflets were entitled Pobres Frailes (Poo Friars) under the authorship of Fr. Jacinto and
printed by the Imprenta de los Amigos del Pais, Manila. They were a satire against the rich domnican friars who
amassed fabulous riches contrary to their monastic vow of poverty.
•Rizal vigously denied having those leaflets in either his or Lucia's baggage, which had been thoroughly
searched upon their arrival from Hong Kong by the custom authorities who found nothing.
•Despite his denial and insistent demand for investigation in accordance with the due process of law, he was
placed under arrest and escorted to Fort Santiago by Ramon Despujol, nephew and aide of Gov. Gen. Despujol.
•In Fort Santiago, he was kept incommunicado.
•July 7: The Gaceta de Manila published a story of Rizal's arrest which produced indignant commotion among
the Filipino people, particularly the members of the newly organized Liga Filipina.
Arbitrary Deportation to Dapitan

•The same issue of the Gaceta contained Gov. Gen. Despujol's decree deporting Rizal to "one of the islands in
the South."
•Reasons of Rizal's deportation to Dapitan: Rizal had published books and articles which showed disloyalty to
Spain, and which were "frankly anti-Catholic" and "imprudently anti-friar",
•A bundle of handbills entitled Pobres Frailes was found on his packages in his arrival in Manila. • His novel El
Filibusterismo was dedicated to the memory of three "traitors", GOMBURZA. And on the title page he wrote
that in view of the vices and errors of the Spanish administration, "the only salvation for the Philippines was
separation from the mother country."
•The end which he pursues in his efforts and writings is to tear from the loyal Filipino breasts the treasures of
our holy Catholic Faith.
• July 14: Rizal was brought under heavy guard to the steamer Cebu which was sailing for Dapitan. This
steamer under Captain Delgras departed at 1am. July 17: reached Dapitan at 7 In the evening. Captain
Delgras went ashore and handed Rizal over to Captain Ricardo Carnicero, Spanish commandant of Dapitan.
That same night, Rizal began his exile in lonely Dapitan which would last until July 31, 1896 a
period of four years.

Chapter 21

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Chapter 21

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CHAPTER 21:

The Life and Works of Rizal

Second Homecoming and

Second Homecoming and The Liga Filipina

June 26, 1892

Arrival in Manila with Sister

What were his reasons for going back to the Philippines?

Visiting Friends in Central Luzon

Founding of the Liga Filipina

Constitution of the Liga Filipina

The motto of the Liga Filipina was:

The duties of La Liga Filipina are in the following:

Rizal arrested and Jailed in Fort Santiago

Arbitrary Deportation to Dapitan

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