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Raymond Dart: An Australian anatomist who discovered the Taung Child fossil in 1924, an early
human ancestor that challenged the idea of humans originating in Asia. This was a major
contribution to our understanding of human evolution.
Alexander Oparin: A Russian biochemist who proposed the first widely accepted theory on the origin
of life on Earth. His theory suggested that life arose from simpler organic molecules in the primordial
soup through a process of gradual chemical evolution.
Henry Kettlewell: A British geneticist who conducted famous peppered moth studies demonstrating
natural selection in action. He showed how industrial pollution led to a change in the moth
population, favoring dark-colored moths over light-colored ones in polluted areas. This provided
strong evidence for Darwin's theory of natural selection.
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