CBSE SAMPLE PAPER –02 (solved)

Class-XI
BIOLOGY (THEORY)
Time: 3 Hrs MM: 70
General Instructions
1. The question paper comprises of five Sections A, B, C, D and E.
2. All questions are compulsory.
3. There is no overall choice however; internal choice has been provided in one question of 2
marks, one question of 3 marks and all the two questions of five marks category. Only one
option in such question is to be attempted.
4. Questions 1 to 5 in section A are very short questions of one mark each. These are to be
answered in one word or one sentence each.
5. Questions 6 to 9 in section B are short questions of two marks each. These are to be
answered in approximately 20-30 words each.
6. Questions 10 to 20 in section C are questions of three marks each. These are to be
answered in approximately 30-50 words each. Question 21 is of 4 marks.
7. Questions 22 to 23 in section D are questions of five marks each. These are to be answered
in approximately 80-120 words each.
8. Questions 24 to 26 in section E is based on OTBA of 10 marks.

Section – A
1. Expand PPLO.
2. Define genus.
3. What is reflex action?
4. Where is parapodia seen? What is its function?
5. What is an inhibitor?
Section – B
6. Mention the differences between Gram positive ad Gram negative bacteria.

7. What are aqueous humor and vitreous humor? Mention their functions?
8. Give two examples as to how ABA acts as a stress hormone in plants.

9. Differentiate fascicular cambium from cork cambium. Or

Justify that all underground parts of a plant are not always roots.

Section – C

10. Differentiate between essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids.

11. What are (i) Viroids and (ii) phycobionts?

12. Differentiate between photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation.

13. A) Why do sharks have to swim continuously?

B) Name two phycocolloids.

OR

Mention the ploidy of the following (i) PEN of a dicot plant (ii) Leaf cells of moss (iii)
Gemmae of Marchantia and (iv) Zygote of a fern.

14. What is the significance of step-wise release of energy in respiration?

15. Draw a labelled diagram of digestive system of a cockroach.

16. Describe competitive inhibition of enzyme activity with an example?

17. What is pulmonary circulation? Describe its importance. Why is the left ventricular wall
more muscular than that of the right ventricle?

18. Give the structural formula of (i) glycerol and (ii) lecithin.

19. Explain three common symptoms of deficiency of mineral nutrients in pants, with the
example of an element that causes each of them.

20. What is a parthenocarpic fruit? Why maize grain is not called as a seed? What is
Vermicomposting
21. Roshan Lal lives in a small town. He was feeling tired and less energetic for some
times. One day he visited to doctor who advised him to undergo through blood
test. Initially he hesitated for it but later agreed for it. Doctor go through the
report and advised him to not use potato, rice and other sweet things.

a) What values do you find in doctor?

b) What was possible disease Roshan Lal was suffering?

c) Why doctor advised him to not use potato, rice etc.

Section – D

22. Explain mass flow hypothesis with neat sketch.

Or

Explain Hatch –Slack pathway.

23. Explain the fore brain of human with neat sketch

Or

How the function of kidney regulated?

Section-E (OTBA) Questions

24. OTBA Question 2 mark

25. OTBA Question 3 mark
26. OTBA Question 5 mark
 CBSE SAMPLE PAPER –02 (solved)
Class-XI
BIOLOGY (THEORY)
Time: 3 Hrs MM: 70
ANSWERS

Section- A

1. Pleuro Pneumonia Like Organisms.

2. It comprises a group of related species which has more characters in common in
comparison to species of other genera.
3. The entire process of response to a peripheral nervous stimulation, that occurs
involuntarily, i.e., without conscious effort or thought and requires the involvement of a
part of the central nervous system is called a reflex action.
4. Aquatic annelids like Nereis possess lateral appendages, parapodia, which help in
swimming.
5. When the binding of the chemical shuts off enzyme activity, the process is called
inhibition and the chemical is called an inhibitor.

Section-B
6.
Gram Positive Bacteria Gram Negative Bacteria
These bacteria retain a purple / blue These bacteria do not retain any
colour after washing with alcohol. colour after washing with alcohol.
Cell wall is thick, about 20 – 80 nm in Cell wall is thin about 8 -12 nm in
thickness. thickness
Peptidoglycan is about 70 -80 % of Peptidoglycan is about 20 – 30 % of
the cell wall. the cell wall.
7. Aqueous humor is found in the anterior chamber of the eye. i.e between cornea and
the lens. It supports the lens and cause refraction for image formation on retina.

Vitreous humor is found in the space between the lens and the retina. It supports the
lens and help in maintaining the shape and size of eye ball.

8. a) ABA induces dormancy in seeds and helps them to withstand desiccation and other
unfavourable factors

b) It stimulates the closure of stomain under intense solar radiation and drought and
increase the tolerance of plants to water scarcity and various other stresses; so it is
called as stress hormone.

9.

Fascicular Cambium Cork Cambium

It is the meristem in the stellar region, It is the meristem outside the stellar
inside the vascular bundles. region.

It produces secondary vascular tissues. It produces secondary protective and

storage tissues.

It is a primary meristem formed from It is a secondary meristem, formed

procambium. from the peripheral layers of cortex.

Or

Some plants like potato, ginger, onion and colocasia have underground stems.
Underground stems show nodes and internodes. They also have terminal buds and
axillary buds so they cannot be called as root.
 Section-C

10.

Essential Amino Acids Non-essential Amino acids

Those amino acids which the living Those amino acids which the living
body cannot synthesize are called body can synthesize are called non –
essential amino acids. essential amino acids.

Dietary protein forms the source of They need not be taken in the diet
essential amino acids.

11.

a) Viroids are the smallest known infectious agent that consists of a sort, single
stranded RNA.

b) Phycobiont refers to the algal partner in lichen.

12.

Oxidative Phosphorylation Photophosphorylation

It is the process of formation of ATP It is the process of formation of ATP by
where oxygen acts as the final acceptor phosphorylation of ADP where light
and energy from oxidation of food is energy is utilized.
used.
This process occurs in the mitochondrial This process occurs in the thylakoids
electron transport system. membranes / electron transport in
chloroplasts
It occurs in ay living cell. It occurs in green / photosynthetic
tissues.
It takes place at all times during living It takes place only in the light period.
13. a) Sharks do not have swim bladder and to avoid sinking, they have to be swimming.

b) Carageenin, Alginic acid

Or

a) Tripoid c) Haploid

b) Haploid d) Diploid

14.

a) A stepwise release of energy facilitates the utilization of a relatively higher proportion

of that energy in the synthesis of ATP.

b) This provides a mechanism to control the pathway and the energy output according to
the need of the cell because activities of enzymes for the different steps can be
enhanced or inhibited by specific compounds.

c) The same pathway may be utilized for forming intermediates used in the synthesis of
other biomolecules.

15.
16. It is the phenomenon in which a substance closely resembling the substrate in its
molecular structure competes with it for the active site on the enzyme. eg Malonate
resembles succinate in its structure and inhibits the action of succinate
dehydrogenase.

Competitive inhibition is used in the control of bacterial pathogens.

17. Pulmonary circulation refers in the flow of deoxygenated blood from the right vertical
to the lungs and the flow of oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium. Its
purpose is the regular oxygenation of the blood that is brought to the right atrium
from all parts of the body. The wall of the left ventricle is more muscular because it
has to develop more pressure to pump blood to all parts of the body. The right
ventricle has to pump blood only to the lungs and does need to exert less pressure
than left ventricle hence its wall is less muscular.

18.

19.

a) Chlorosis

- It is the yellowing of leaves due to loss of chlorophyll.

- It is caused by the defiency of N,S, Mg,Fe

b) Necrosis

- It refers to the death of tissues, especially in leaves.

 - It is caused by the deficiency of Ca,Mg,Cu and K.

a) Delay in flowing is caused by the deficiency of molybdenum,

nitrogen and sulphur.

b) Die back of shoots .ie. death of shoot tips, is caused by deficiency

of copper.

c) Inhibition of cell division is caused by deficiency of potassium,

calcium and nitrogen.

20. A fruit that develops from an ovary, without fertilization is called a parthenocarpic
fruit.

Maize grain is a single – seeded fruit, where the seed coat and Pericarp are completely
fused.

Vermiform composting refers to the process of increasing soil fertility by growing

earthworm.

21.

a) The doctor shows the value of his profession and advised correct way to diagnose
the disease.

b) Most probably he was suffering from diabetes.

b) In diabetes, person is not able to produce enough insulin that reduce the blood
sugar level. The food mentioned above contain lots of glucose that may increase the
sugar level.
 Section-D

22. The accepted mechanism used for the translocation of sugars from source to sink is
called the pressure flow hypothesis. As glucose is prepared at the source by
photosynthesis, it is converted to sucrose, a disaccharide. The sugar is then moved in
the form of sucrose into the companion cells and then into the living phloem sieve
tube cells by active transport. This process of loading at the source produces a
hypertonic condition in the phloem. Water in the adjacent xylem moves into the
phloem by osmosis. As osmotic pressure builds up the phloem sap will move to areas
of lower pressure. At the sink osmotic pressure must be reduced. Again active
transport is necessary to move the sucrose out of the phloem sap and into the cells
which will use the sugar – converting it into energy, starch, or cellulose. As sugars are
removed, the osmotic pressure decreases and water moves out of the phloem.
Thus the movement of sugars in the phloem begins at the source, where sugars are
loaded (actively transported) into a sieve tube. Loading of the phloem sets up a water
potential gradient that facilitates the mass movement in the phloem. Phloem tissue is
composed of sieve tube cells, which form long columns with holes in their end walls
called sieve plates.
Cytoplasmic strands pass
through the holes in the
sieve plates, so forming
continuous filaments. As
hydrostatic pressure in the
phloem sieve tube increases,
pressure flow begins, and
the sap moves through the
phloem. Meanwhile, at the sink, incoming sugars are actively transported out of the
phloem and removed as complex carbohydrates. The loss of solute produces a high
water potential in the phloem, and water passes out, returning eventually to xylem.
 Or

The primary CO2 acceptor is a 3-carbon molecule phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP) and is
present in the mesophyll cells. The enzyme responsible for this fixation is PEP
carboxylase or PEPcase. It is important to register that the mesophyll cells lack
RuBisCO enzyme. The C4 acid OAA is formed in the mesophyll cells.
It then forms other 4-carbon compounds like malic acid or aspartic acid in the
mesophyll cells itself, which are transported to the bundle sheath cells. In the bundle
sheath cells these C4 acids are broken down to release CO2 and a 3-carbon molecule.
The 3-carbon molecule is transported back to the mesophyll where it is converted to
PEP again, thus, completing the cycle. The CO2 released in the bundle sheath cells
enters the C3 or the Calvin pathway, a pathway common to all plants. The bundle
sheath cells are rich in an enzyme Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase
(RuBisCO), but lack PEPcase. Thus, the basic pathway that results in the formation of
the sugars, the Calvin pathway, is common to the C3 and C4 plants.
23. The forebrain consists of cerebrum, thalamus and hypothalamus. Cerebrum forms the
major part of the human brain. A deep cleft divides the cerebrum longitudinally into
two halves, which are termed as the left and right cerebral hemispheres. The
hemispheres are connected by a tract of nerve fibres called corpus callosum. The layer
of cells which covers the cerebral hemisphere is called cerebral cortex and is thrown
into prominent folds. The cerebral cortex is referred to as the grey matter due to its
greyish appearance. The neuron cell bodies are concentrated here giving the colour.
The cerebral cortex contains motor areas, sensory areas and large regions that are
neither clearly sensory nor motor in function. These regions called as the association
areas are responsible for complex functions like inter-sensory associations, memory
and communication. Fibres of the tracts are covered with the myelin sheath, which
constitute the inner part of cerebral hemisphere. They give an opaque white
appearance to the layer and, hence it is called the white matter.
The cerebrum wraps around a structure called thalamus, which is a major coordinating
centre for sensory and motor signaling. Another very important part of the brain
called hypothalamus lies at the base of the thalamus. The hypothalamus contains a
number of centres which
control body
temperature, urge for
eating and drinking. It
also contains several
groups of neurosecretory
cells, which secrete
hormones called
hypothalamic hormones.
The inner parts of cerebral hemispheres and a group of associated deep structures
like amygdala, hippocampus, etc., form a complex structure called the limbic lobe or
limbic system. Along with the hypothalamus, it is involved in the regulation of sexual
behaviour, expression of emotional reactions (e.g., excitement, pleasure, rage and
fear), and motivation.
 Or

The functioning of the kidneys is efficiently monitored and regulated by hormonal

feedback mechanisms involving the hypothalamus, JGA and to a certain extent, the
heart. Osmoreceptors in the body are activated by changes in blood volume, body
fluid volume and ionic concentration. An excessive loss of fluid from the body can
activate these receptors which stimulate the hypothalamus to release antidiuretic
hormone (ADH) or vasopressin from the neurohypophysis. ADH facilitates water
reabsorption from latter parts of the tubule, thereby preventing diuresis. An increase
in body fluid volume can switch off the osmoreceptors and suppress the ADH release
to complete the feedback. ADH can also affect the kidney function by its constrictor
effects on blood vessels. This causes an increase in blood pressure. An increase in
blood pressure can increase the glomerular blood flow and thereby the GFR.

The JGA plays a complex regulatory role. A fall in glomerular blood flow/glomerular
blood pressure/GFR can activate the JG cells to release renin which converts
angiotensinogen in blood to angiotensin I and further to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II,
being a powerful vasoconstrictor, increases the glomerular blood pressure and
thereby GFR. Angiotensin II also activates the adrenal cortex to release Aldosterone.
Aldosterone causes reabsorption of Na+ and water from the distal parts of the tubule.
This also leads to an increase in blood pressure and GFR. This complex mechanism is
generally known as the Renin-Angiotensin mechanism.

An increase in blood flow to the atria of the heart can cause the release of Atrial
Natriuretic Factor (ANF). ANF can cause vasodilation (dilation of blood vessels) and
thereby decrease the blood pressure. ANF mechanism, therefore, acts as a check on
the renin-angiotensin mechanism.