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Anatomi DMS Otot
Anatomi DMS Otot
DMS (MUSCLES)
Muscle and compartment
of arm
ANTERIOR (FLEXOR) COMPARTMENT OF THE ARM
1. Biceps brachii
• Proximal attachment : scapula
• Distal attachment : radius
• Innervation : n.musculocutaneous
2. Coracobrachialis
• Proximal attachment : scapula
• Distal attachment : humerus
• Innervation : n.musculocutaneous
3. Brachialis
• Proximal attachment : humerus
• Distal attachment : ulna
• Innervation : n.musculocutaneous
POSTERIOR (EXTENSOR) COMPARTMENT OF THE
ARM
1. Trichep brachii
• Proximal attachment :
long head --> scapula
lateral head humerus
medial head humerus
• Distal attachment : ulna
• Innervation : n. Radialis
2. Anconeus
• Proximal attachment : Humerus
• Distal attachment : ulna
• Innervation : n. Radialis
Muscle and compartment
of forearm
ANTERIOR (FLEXOR-PRONATOR) COMPARTMENT
OF FOREARM
Superficial Layer
1. Pronator teres
• Proximal attachment : Coronoid
• Distal attachment : radius
• Innervation : Median nerve
3. Palmaris longus
• Proximal attachment : Humerus
• Distal attachment : 2nd,3rd,4th metacarpal
• Innervation : Median nerve
3. Pronator quadratus
• Proximal attachment : Distal quarter of
anterior surface ofUlna
• Distal attachment : Distal quarter of
anterior surface ofRadius
• Innervation : Median nerve
POSTERIOR (EXTENSOR) COMPARTMENT
OF FOREARM
Superficial Layer
1. Bachioradialis
• Proximal attachment : Humerus
• Distal attachment : Radius
• Innervation : Radial nerve
2. Extensor carpi radialis longus
• Proximal attachment : Humerus
• Distal attachment : base of 2nd
metacarpal
• Innervation : Median nerve
4 Extensor digitorum
• Proximal attachment : Humerus
• Distal attachment : medial four digits
• Innervation : Radial nerve
1. Supinator
• Proximal attachment : Humerus
• Distal attachment : Radius Extensor indicis Supinator
• Innervation : Radial nerve
2. Extensor indicis
• Proximal attachment : Ulna
• Distal attachment : 2nd digit
• Innervation : Radial nerve
Outcropping muscles of deep layer
ARTERIAL
SUPPLY OF ARM
AND FOREARM
VEINS OF UPPER LIMB
Muscle and compartment
of hand
The intrinsic muscles of the hand are located in five compartments:
Muscle Proximal attachment Distal attachment Innervation Main action
Thenar
muscles
Adductor pollicis muscles
Muscle Proximal attachment Distal attachment Innervation Main action
Dorsal interossei Adjacent side of two Bases on proximal Deep branch of ulnar Abduct 2nd-4th
1st-4th metacarpals phalanges; extensor nerve fingers from axial
expansion of 2nd-4th line
fingers
Palmar interossei Palmar surface of 2nd, Bases on proximal Adduct 2nd,4th, and
1st-3rd 4th and 5th metacarpals phalanges; extensor 5th fingers toward
expansion of 2nd, axial line
4th and 5 th
fingers
The synovial sheaths of the flexor tendons of
the hand—the radial and ulnar bursae track
proximally deep to the flexor retinaculum and
provide a potential pathway of infection into
the forearm. In many cases these bursae
The midpalmar and thenar spaces: (a)
communicate.
projected on to the surface of the hand and
(b) in transverse section
Arteries of Hand
• Lymphatic drainage of
upper limb. Superficial
lymphatic
• vessels originate from
the digital lymphatic
vessels of the digits and
lymphatic plexus of the
palm. Most drainage
from the palm passes to
the dorsum of the hand
(small arrows)
Anterior axioappendicular
Muscles of the Upper Limb
Muscles Proximal Distal attachment Innervation Main action
attachment
Pectoralis -Clavicular head : Intertubercular groove Lateral and medial Adduct and
major anterior surface of of humerus pectoral nerve medially rotates
medial half of humerus; scapula
clavicle anteriorly and
- Sternocostal head : inferiorly
anterior surface of
sternum, superior six
costal cartilage
Pectoralis 3rd-5th ribs near Medial border and Medial pectoral Stabilizes scapula
minor their costal cartilage superior surface of nerve by drawing it
coracoid process of anteriorly and
scapula inferiorly against
thoracic wall
Subclavius Junction of 1st rib Inferior surface of Nerve to subclavius Anchors and
and its costal middle third of depresses clavicle
cartilage clavicle
Serratus Exsternal surface of Anterior surface of Long thoracic nerve Protracts scapula
anterior lateral parts of 1st- medial border of and holds it against
8th ribs scapula thoracic wall;
Posterior axioappendicular
and Scapulohumeral Muscles
Superficial posterior appendicular (extrinsic shoulder) muscles
Trapezius Medial third of superior Lateral third of clavicle; CN XI (Acessory Descending part elevates;
nuchal line; eksternal acromion and spine of nerve) and C3,C4 ascending part depresses;
occipital protuberance; scapula spinal nerve and middle part retract
nuchal ligament; spinous scapula; descending and
process of C7-T12 ascending parts act
vertebrae together to rotate glenoid
cavity superiorly
Latissimus dorsi Spinous processes of Floor of intertubecular Thoracodorsal Extends, adduct, and
inferior 6 thoracic groove of humerus nerve (C6,C7,C8) medially rotates humerus;
vertebrae; thoracolumbar raises body toward arms
fascia; illiac crest; and during climbing
inferior 3 or 4 ribs
Deep posterior appendicular (extrinsic shoulder) muscles
Deltoid Lateral third of Deltoid tuberosity of Axillary nerve Anterior part: flexes and
clavicle;acromion and humerus (C5,C6) medially rotates arm; Middle
spine of scapula part: abduct ar,; Posterior part:
extends&laterally rotate arm
Supraspinatus Supraspinous fossa of Superior facet of Suprascapular Initiates and assists deltoid in
scapula geater tubercleof nerve(C4,C5,C6) abduction of arm and acts with
humerus rotator cuff muscle
Teres major Posterior surface of Intertubercular Lower subscapular Adduct and medially rotates
inferior angle of scapula groove of humerus nerve(C5,C6) arm
Subscapularis Subscapular fossa Lesser tubercle of Upper and lower Medially rotates and adduct
humerus subscapular arms; help hold humeral head in
nerve(C5,C6,C7) glenoid cavity
CUBITAL FOSSA
MUSCLE AND COMPARTMENT
OF THIGH
Compartement of Thigh
MUSCLES OF ANTERIOR THIGH:
FLEXORS OF HIP JOINT
MUSCLES OF ANTERIOR THIGH:
FLEXORS OF HIP JOINT
1. Pectineus
• Proximal attachment : pubis
• Distal attachment : femur
• Innervation : femoral nerve
MUSCLES OF ANTERIOR THIGH:
FLEXORS OF HIP JOINT
2. Illiopsoas
a. Psoas major
• Proximal attachment : T12-L5 vertebrae
• Distal attachment : femur
• Innervation : lumbar nerve
b. Psoas minor
• Proximal attachment : T12-L1 vertebrae
• Distal attachment : femur
• Innervation : femoral nerve
c. Illiacus
• Proximal attachment : illium, sacrum
• Distal attachment : femur
• Innervation : femoral nerve
MUSCLES OF ANTERIOR THIGH:
FLEXORS OF HIP JOINT
3. Sartorius
• Proximal attachment : Illiac
• Distal attachment : Tibia
• Innervation : Femoral nerve
MUSCLES OF ANTERIOR THIGH:
EXTENSORS OF KNEE
MUSCLES OF ANTERIOR THIGH: EXTENSORS OF KNEE
QUADRICEPS FEMORIS
a. Rectus Femoris
• Proximal attachment : Illiac
• Distal attachment : Patella
• Innervation :
b. Vastus lateralis
• Proximal attachment : Greater trochanter
• Distal attachment : Patella
• Innervation : femoral nerve
c. Vastus medialis
• Proximal attachment : Intertrochanteric line
• Distal attachment : Patella
• Innervation : femoral nerve
d. Vastus intermedius
• Proximal attachment : shaft of femur
• Distal attachment : Patella
• Innervation : femoral nerve
MUSCLES OF MEDIAL THIGH: ADDUCTOR THIGH
MUSCLES OF MEDIAL THIGH: ADDUCTOR THIGH
1. Adductor longus
2. Adductor brevis
3. Adductor magnus
• Distal attachment :
~Adductor part: gluteal tuberosity, linea
aspera, medial supracondylar line
~Hamstring part: adductor tubercle of femur
• Innervation :
~Adductor part: obturator nerve
~Hamstring part: sciatic nerve
MUSCLES OF MEDIAL THIGH: ADDUCTOR THIGH
4. Gracilis
5. Obturator eksternus
• Proximal attachment :
Margins of obturator foramen
• Distal attachment :
Trochanteric fossa of femur
2. Semimembranosus
• Proximal attachment : Ischial tuberosity
• Distal attachment : Posterior part of medial
condyle of tibia
• Innervation : sciatic nerve
3. Biceps femoris
• Proximal attachment : Long head: ischial
tuberosity Short head: linea aspera and lateral
supracondylar line of femur
• Distal attachment : Lateral side of head of
fibula
• Innervation : sciatic nerve
Arteri
Artery of anterior and medial
thigh
Muscle and compartment
of leg
MUSCLES & COMPARTMENT OF LEG
ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF LEG
1. Tibialis anterior
• Proximal attachment : Lateral condyle
• Distal attachment : medial cuneiform and
base of 1st metatarsal
• Innervation : Deep fibular nerve
3. Fibularis tertius
• Proximal attachment Inferior third of anterior
surface of fibula
• Distal attachment : Dorsum of base of 5th
metatarsal
• Innervation : Deep fibular nerve
4 . Extensor digitorum longus
2. Fibularis brevis
• Proximal attachment : Inferior two thirds of
lateral surface of fibula
• Distal attachment : Dorsal surface of
tuberosity on lateral side of base of 5th
metatarsal
• Innervation : Superficial fibular nerve
POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF LEG
POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF LEG
(SUPERFICIAL)
1. Gastrocnemius
• Proximal attachment :
~ Lateral head: lateral aspect of lateral
condyle of femur
~Medial head: popliteal surface of femur;
superior to medial condyle
• Distal attachment : Posterior surface of
calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
• Innervation : Tibial nerve
2. Soleus
• Proximal attachment : Posterior aspect of
head and superior quarter of posterior
surface of fibula; soleal line and middle third
of medial border of tibia; and tendinous arch
extending between the bony attachments
• Distal attachment : Posterior surface of
calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
• Innervation : Tibial nerve
3. Plantaris
• Proximal attachment Inferior end of
lateral supracondylar line of femur;
oblique popliteal ligament
83
• Drainase Vena Profunda
84
• Drainase Limfatik
85
Popliteal Fossa
86
Dermatome
• Distribusi sensori setiap nerve root
• Area kulit disuplai oleh satu nerve root
• Terdapat 31 segmen spinal cord, masing2
memiliki ventral dan dorsal root untuk fungsi
sensorik dan motoric. Kecuali C1.
87
88
Aplikasi klinis Dermatom
• Dapat menentukan kelainan neurologis,
(radikulopati, HNP)
• Infeksi seperti Herpes zoster bermanifestasi
dermatomal
89
Myotome
Kelompok otot
yang dipersarafi
satu nerve root
90
Korelasi Klinis
• Infromasi level nervus spinalis yang
mengalami lesi
• Kelemahan otot
• IV disc herniation
91
Terimakasi
h
92