Badminton

BADMINTON
INTRODUCTION
Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit

a shuttlecock across a net. Although it may be played with
larger teams, the most common forms of the game are "singles"
(with one player per side) and "doubles" (with two players per
side). Badminton is often played as a casual outdoor activity in
a yard or on a beach; formal games are played on a rectangular
indoor court. Points are scored by striking the shuttlecock
with the racquet and landing it within the other team's half of
the court.
Badminton made its debut as a demonstration sport at the

1972 Olympic Games in Munich. It was not until the 1992
Games in Barcelona that it was officially included on the
Olympic programme, with men’s and women’s singles and
doubles events. The mixed doubles event made its debut in
1996 at the Atlanta Olympic Games.
The sport takes its name from Badminton House—home of

the Duke of Beaufort in the English county of
Gloucestershire.
Badminton court
The court is rectangular and divided into halves by a net. Courts

are usually marked for both singles and doubles play, although
badminton rules permit a court to be marked for singles only. The
doubles court is wider than the singles court, but both are of the
same length. The exception, which often causes confusion to
newer players, is that the doubles court has a shorter serve-length
dimension.
The full width of the court is 6.1 metres (20 feet), and in singles
this width is reduced to 5.18 metres (17.0 feet). The full length of
the court is 13.4 metres (44 feet). The service courts are marked by
a centre line dividing the width of the court, by a short service line at
a distance of 1.98 metres (6 feet 6 inches) from the net, and by the
outer side and back boundaries. In doubles, the service court is also
marked by a long service line, which is 0.76 metres (2 feet 6 inches)
from the back boundary.
The net is 1.55 metres (5 feet 1 inch) high at the edges and 1.524
metres (5.00 feet) high in the centre. The net posts are placed over
the doubles sidelines, even when singles is played.
The minimum height for the ceiling above the court is not
mentioned in the Laws of Badminton. Nonetheless, a badminton
court will not be suitable if the ceiling is likely to be hit on a high
serve.
EQUIPMENTS
Badminton racquet
Badminton racquets are lightweight, with top quality racquets

weighing between 70 and 95 grams (2.5 and 3.4 ounces) not
including grip or strings. They are composed of many different
materials ranging from carbon fibre composite(graphite
reinforced plastics)to solid steel, which may be augmented by a
variety of materials. Carbon fibre has an excellent strength to
weight ratio, is stiff, and gives excellent kinetic energy transfer.
Before the adoption of carbon fibre composite, racquets were
made of light metals such as aluminium. Earlier still, racquets
were made of wood. Cheap racquets are still often made of
metals such as steel, but wooden racquets are no longer
manufactured for the ordinary market, because of their
excessive mass and cost. Nowadays, nanomaterials such
as carbon nanotubes and fullerene are added to racquets giving
them greater durability.
There is a wide variety of racquet designs, although the laws
limit the racquet size and shape. The traditional oval head
shape is still available, but an isometric head shape is
increasingly common in new racquets.
Shuttlecock
A shuttlecock (often abbreviated to shuttle; also called a birdie)

is a high-drag projectile, with an open conical shape the cone is
formed from sixteen overlapping feathers embedded into a
rounded cork base. The corks is covered with thin leather or
synthetic material. Synthetic shuttles are often used by
recreational players to reduce their costs as feathered shuttles
break easily. These nylon shuttles may be constructed with
either natural cork or synthetic foam base and a plastic skirt.
Badminton rules also provide for testing a shuttlecock for the

correct speed:
To test a shuttlecock, hit a full underhand stroke that makes

contact with the shuttlecock over the back boundary line. The
shuttlecock shall be hit at an upward angle and in a direction
parallel to the sidelines.
A shuttlecock of the correct speed will land not less than

530 mm and not more than 990 mm short of the other
back boundary line.
Singles
Since one person needs to cover the entire court, singles tactics are
based on forcing the opponent to move as much as possible; this
means that singles strokes are normally directed to the corners of the
court. Players exploit the length of the court by combining lifts and
clears with drop shots and net shots. Smashing tends to be less
prominent in singles than in doubles because the smasher has no
partner to follow up their effort and is thus vulnerable to a skillfully
placed return. Moreover, frequent smashing can be exhausting in
singles where the conservation of a player's energy is at a premium.
However, players with strong smashes will sometimes use the shot to
create openings, and players commonly smash weak returns to try to
end rallies.
In singles, players will often start the rally with a forehand high serve
or with a flick serve. Low serves are also used frequently, either
forehand or backhand. Drive serves are rare.
At high levels of play, singles demand extraordinary fitness. Singles is

a game of patient positional manoeuvring, unlike the all-out
aggression of doubles
Doubles
Both pairs will try to gain and maintain the attack, smashing
downwards when the opportunity arises. Whenever possible, a
pair will adopt an ideal attacking formation with one player
hitting down from the rear court, and their partner in the
midcourt intercepting all smash returns except the lift. If the rear
court attacker plays a drop shot, their partner will move into the
forecourt to threaten the net reply. If a pair cannot hit
downwards, they will use flat strokes in an attempt to gain the
attack. If a pair is forced to lift or clear the shuttlecock, then they
must defend: they will adopt a side-by-side position in the rear
midcourt, to cover the full width of their court against the
opponents' smashes. In doubles, players generally smash to the
middle ground between two players in order to take advantage of
confusion and clashes.
At high levels of play, the backhand serve has become popular to
the extent that forehand serves have become fairly rare at a high
level of play. The straight low serve is used most frequently, in an
attempt to prevent the opponents gaining the attack immediately.
Flick serves are used to prevent the opponent from anticipating
the low serve and attacking it decisively.
Rules
1. Serving:
•The serve must be made diagonally across the net to the opponent's
service court.
•The server's racket should hit the base of the shuttlecock below the
waist level.
•The serving side continues to serve until a fault is committed or the
rally is lost.
2. Scoring:
•A point is scored on every rally, regardless of which side is serving.
•A match usually consists of the best of three games. The first side to
reach 21 points wins a game, with a two-point lead. If the score reaches
20-20, the game continues until one side gains a two-point lead.
•In doubles, if the serving side wins a rally, the same server continues,
and the partners switch sides.
3. Faults:
•A fault is a violation of the playing rules. Examples include:
•Failure to hit the shuttlecock over the net and into the opponent's
court.
•Touching the net with the racket or body during play.
•The shuttlecock landing outside the boundaries of the court.
•Stepping into the opponent's court while the shuttlecock is in
play.
•Double-hitting the shuttlecock.
4. Let:
•A let is called in situations such as a serve hitting the net and landing
in the correct service court or if there is any other interference or
obstruction during play. A let is essentially a rally that is replayed.
.
5. Court Boundaries:
•The badminton court is divided into different zones marked
for singles and doubles play.
•The lines on the court define the boundaries for the game.
The shuttlecock must land within these lines for the play to
continue.
6. Change of Ends:
•Players change ends at the end of the first game and when
one side reaches 11 points in the third game during a match.
•This change ensures that players experience any variations in
court conditions, like wind or lighting, equally.
7. Shuttlecock:
•The shuttlecock should not touch the ground during a rally,
except when it lands within the boundaries of the court.
•The shuttlecock, also known as the birdie, has a cork base
with overlapping feathers or a synthetic skirt.
These rules form the backbone of competitive badminton.

While these are the fundamental regulations, variations may
exist in specific tournaments, leagues, or recreational play
based on official rules or local modifications. Understanding
these rules helps players maintain fair play and enjoy the sport
of badminton
Playing Techniques
•Grips: Different types (forehand, backhand) and their

uses.
•Footwork: Importance and basic movements (side steps,
lunges).
•Strokes: Explaining the various shots (smash, clear,
drop, drive).
•Strategy: Tactics used in singles and doubles play.
Playing badminton offers a wide range of benefits, both

physically and mentally. Here are some of the key advantages:
Physical Benefits:
1. Improved Cardiovascular Health: Badminton involves
constant movement, which helps increase heart rate and improve
cardiovascular fitness. Regular play can enhance stamina and
endurance.
2. Enhanced Agility and Flexibility: The sport requires quick
movements, changes in direction, and swift reactions, promoting
agility and flexibility.
3. Muscle Strength and Endurance: Badminton involves the
use of various muscle groups, particularly in the legs, arms, and
core. Regular play helps in building strength and endurance in
these muscles.
4. Weight Management: Engaging in badminton burns
calories and can contribute to weight loss or weight
maintenance when combined with a balanced diet.
5. Improved Reflexes and Coordination: Constantly
reacting to the shuttlecock's movement helps enhance hand-
eye coordination and overall reflexes.
Mental and Emotional Benefits:

1. Stress Relief: Physical activity, including playing badminton,
can reduce stress levels and promote relaxation due to the
release of endorphins, the body's natural mood elevators.
2. Mental Sharpness: The strategic aspect of badminton, such as

analyzing opponents' moves and making split-second decisions,
can improve mental alertness and concentration.
3. Boosted Self-esteem: Progress and skill development in

badminton can contribute to a sense of accomplishment, boosting
self-confidence and self-esteem.
4. Social Interaction and Team Building: Badminton can be

played individually or in doubles, encouraging social interaction,
teamwork, and sportsmanship.
5. Enjoyment and Recreation: Engaging in an enjoyable physical

activity like badminton can provide a fun way to unwind, relax, and
enjoy leisure time.

Badminton

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BADMINTON

Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit

Badminton made its debut as a demonstration sport at the

The sport takes its name from Badminton House—home of

The court is rectangular and divided into halves by a net. Courts

Badminton racquets are lightweight, with top quality racquets

A shuttlecock (often abbreviated to shuttle; also called a birdie)

Badminton rules also provide for testing a shuttlecock for the

To test a shuttlecock, hit a full underhand stroke that makes

A shuttlecock of the correct speed will land not less than

At high levels of play, singles demand extraordinary fitness. Singles is

These rules form the backbone of competitive badminton.

•Grips: Different types (forehand, backhand) and their

Playing badminton offers a wide range of benefits, both

Mental and Emotional Benefits:

2. Mental Sharpness: The strategic aspect of badminton, such as

3. Boosted Self-esteem: Progress and skill development in

4. Social Interaction and Team Building: Badminton can be

5. Enjoyment and Recreation: Engaging in an enjoyable physical

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