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entertained towards the excisemen who were putting it in practice;
but no violence was used. Next day, there was shewn a continual
disposition to gather in the streets, which the magistrates as
constantly endeavoured to check; and a military party was
introduced to the town. At length, evening having drawn on, the
indignation of the populace could no longer be restrained. An elegant
house which Shawfield had built for himself, and furnished
handsomely, was attacked, and reduced to desolation,
notwithstanding every effort of the magistrates to induce the mob to
disperse. Next day, the mob rose again, and 1725.
came to the town-house in the centre of the
town, but in no formidable numbers. The military party was then
drawn out by their commander, Captain Bushell, in a hollow square,
in the centre of the crossing at the town-house, each side facing along
one of the four streets which meet there; when, some stones being
thrown at the soldiers, the officer gave way to anger, and without any
order from the provost, fired upon the multitude, of whom eight
were killed and many wounded. The multitude then flew to a guard-
house where arms were kept, armed themselves, and, ringing the
town-bell to give an alarm, were prepared to attack and destroy the
comparatively small military party, when, at the urgency of the
provost, the latter withdrew from the town, and sought refuge at
Dumbarton.
The news of this formidable riot, or rather insurrection, created
great excitement among a set of government authorities which had
lately come into office, amongst whom was Mr Duncan Forbes as
Lord Advocate. They took up the matter with a high hand. Attended
by a large body of troops, Forbes marched to Glasgow, and seized the
magistrates, under accusation of having favoured the mob, and
bringing them to Edinburgh, clapped them up in the Tolbooth. Such,
however, was the view generally taken of the malt-tax, that the
Glasgow provost and bailies were everywhere treated as martyrs for
their country, and as they passed through the streets of Edinburgh to
prison, some of the lately displaced government officials walked
bareheaded before them. By an appeal to the Court of Justiciary, as
to the legality of their mittimus, they were quickly liberated. The only
effectual vengeance the government could inflict, was an act
ordaining the community of Glasgow to pay Shawfield five thousand
pounds as compensation for the destruction of his house. The
feelings of the people of the west were grievously outraged by the
conduct of the government in this affair, and the more so that they
considered it as an injustice inflicted by friends. Was it for this, they
asked, that they had stood so stoutly for the Whig cause on every
trying occasion since the Revolution?
In August, the officials had a new trouble on their hands. The
Edinburgh brewers intimated an intention to discontinue brewing
ale. Duncan Forbes stood aghast at the idea of what might happen if
the people were wholly deprived of their accustomed beverage. After
all, the difficulty involved in a proposal to force men to go on in a
trade against their will was not too great to be encountered in those
days. The Edinburgh Evening Courant of 1725.
the 26th of August, quietly informs us that
‘Mr Carr, engraver to the Mint, who kept a brewery in this city, and
several others of the brewers, are incarcerate in the Canongate
Tolbooth, for not enacting themselves to continue their trade of
brewing, in terms of the Act of Sederunt of the Lords of Council and
Session.’ ‘The Twopenny ale,’ adds this respectable chronicle, ‘begins
to grow scarce here; notwithstanding which the city remains in
perfect tranquillity.’ Long before the unimaginable crisis of an entire
exhaustion of beer had arrived, forty of the brewers of Edinburgh,
and ten of Leith, thought proper to resume work, and the dissolution
of society was averted.[623]
Such were the troubles which Scotland experienced a hundred and
thirty-five years ago, at the prospect of a tax of twenty thousand
pounds per annum!
The combat took place at the date noted, on a stage erected for the
purpose behind Holyrood Palace, in the 1726. June 23.
presence of a great number of noblemen,
gentlemen, military officers, and others. It was conducted with much
formality, and lasted several hours, with a variety of weapons; and
not till Bryan had received seven wounds from his unscathed
antagonist, did he feel the necessity of giving in. The victory of the
Highland veteran seems to have given rise to great exultation, and he
was crowned with praises in both prose and rhyme. He was
compared to Ajax overcoming Thersites; and one Latin wit remarked
in a quatrain, that the stains of the two former Donald Banes of
Scottish history were wiped off by the third. A more fortunate result
for us was the publication of Bane’s autobiography,[643] containing a
number of characteristic anecdotes.
Little more than two years after the combat of Bane and Bryan, a
similar encounter is noted in the Edinburgh Courant as taking place
in the Tennis Court at Holyrood, between ‘Campbell the Scots, and
Clerk the Irish gladiator,’ when the former received a wound in the
face, and the second sustained seven in the body.
‘D. S.—I have been out of town a little for my own health, which has kept me
some days from receiving or answering your last, in which you speak of some
indisposition of yours. I hope that before now it is 1726.
over of itself by a little quiet and temperance, and
that thereby nature has done its own business, which it rarely fails to do when one
gives it elbow-room, and when it is not quite spent. “When that comes, the house
soon comes down altogether. This I have always found in my own case. Whenever I
was jaded by ill hours and company, and the consequences of that, I have still
retired a little to some convenient hermitage in the country, with two or three
doses of rhubarb, and as many of salts. That washes the Augean stable, and for the
rest I drink milk and whey, and sometimes a very little wine and water. No
company but Horace and Homer, and such old gentlemen that drink no more now.
I walk much, eat little, and sleep a great deal. And by this cool and sober and
innocent diet, nature gets up its head again, and the horse that was jaded and worn
out grows strong again, so that he can jog on some stages of the farce of life
without stumbling or breaking his neck. This is a consultation I give you gratis
from my own practice and never-failing experience, which is always the best
physician. And I am satisfied it would do in your case, where I reckon nature is
haill at the heart still, after all your cruel usage of it.
‘As to all those pricklings and startings of the nerves, they come from the ill habit
of the blood and body, brought on by ill diet and sharp or earthy wine, as your
Orleans wine is reckoned to be—for there are crab-grapes as there are crab-apples,
and sloes as well as muscadines.
‘There are great differences of constitutions. Those of a sanguine can drink your
champagne or cyder all their life, and old Davy Flood has drunk punch these fifty
years daily. Whereas a short time of the lemons that’s in punch would eat out the
bottom of my stomach, or make me a cripple. Much champagne, too, would
destroy my nerves, though I like its spirit and taste dearly. But it will not do, that
is, it never did well with me when I was young and strong; now much less. My
meaning in this dissertation about wine and constitutions is plainly this, first, to
recommend to you frequent retraites, in order to be absolutely cool, quiet, and
sober, with a little gentle physic now and then, in order to give time and help to
nature to recover. And when you will needs drink wine—that it be of the haill and
old south-country wines, Hermitage, Coté Rotis, Cahors, &c., with a little water
still, since there is a heat in them.
‘As to any external tremblings or ailings of the nerves, pray make constant usage
of Hungary-water to your head and nosethrills, and 1726.
behind your ears—of which I have found an infinite
effect and advantage of a long time, for I have been very often in the very same case
you describe, and these have always been my certain cures. Repetatur quantum
sufficit, and I will warrant you.