Apoorv Geology Paper 2 Section A

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APOORV
DIXIT
AIR 11, IFoS 2021
GEOLOGY
NOTES
Paper 2 Section A
Telegram- @ApoorvIFS
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MESSAGE TO ALL
Hi everyone,
This is Apoorv Dixit. I’ve secured AIR‐11 in IFoS, 2021 examination. I’m sharing my Geology notes.
I got 266 marks out of 400, scoring 114 and 152 in Paper 1 and Paper 2 respectively.
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The credit for these notes goes majorly to Planet Geology. These notes have been made from their
lectures and slides they share. Thus, original content of these notes belongs to Lawrence Kanyan sir and
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Mayank Malviya sir. I’m very grateful to them.
How to use these notes?
 These notes can be used for both Civil service examination as well as Forest service examination.
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 For a large part they are self‐explanatory. So, if you are able to understand them, these can
serve as standalone reading material.
 If you are not able to understand it, Planet Geology lectures could be of use to you. Feel free to
contact @MayankMalviya_pg on Telegram.
 If you don’t want to go that route (which is fair), you can google whatever you could not
understand. You can also use the booklist that I’ve mentioned under each topic. Don’t read the
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entire book. Just look for that specific topic that you couldn’t understand.
 If you’ve done the basics of Geology, you can use these notes for value addition.
 These can also serve as an indicator on note making
Role of presentation‐
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 Extremely important
 Draw as many diagrams as possible. (I drew over 60 diagrams across 2 papers)
 You have sufficient time, if you’ve learned the content well.
 You can use black pen for headings, blue pen for content, diagram using pencil and even colored
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pencils for coloring the diagrams. Yes, it is possible! (Condition‐ Learn the content by heart)
 Write technical answers. Avoid generic jargon.
There are 8 difficult/technical topics in Geology‐
1. Structural Geology
2. Paleontology
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3. Stratigraphy
4. Mineralogy
5. Igneous Petrology
6. Metamorphic Petrology
7. Sedimentology
8. Economic Geology
These 8 topics will take about 75% of your time. But if done well, it will give you edge over others. As
specially in IFoS, those who study Geology in 40‐60 days skip a major chunk of these topics.
But don’t take other topics lightly. They are easy, low hanging fruits that’ll give you good marks with
little efforts.
Which part to attempt more questions from?
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 Don’t go in the examination with a rigid mindset. Have an open mind as to which questions,
you’ll attempt.
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 Don’t just attempt the difficult question for the sake of attempting it.
 That said, I attempted more questions from Section B in Paper 1 and Section A in Paper 2. I
knew these parts very well. And I had put in extra effort in these sections. I felt this would give
me edge over those who study the subject in lesser time.

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So, attempt it only if you are confident.
Here is the link to the video wherein I’ve discussed my Geology strategy, timeline, note‐making, etc. in
detail‐
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L2lNr‐tn7MM&t=3s
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In depth pointers and general strategy for each topic can be found at the beginning of that particular
topic. I’ve divided my notes into four booklets, one of each section, for the purpose of not bulking it up
too much. Topics are listed in the same order as it is given in the syllabus.
I’ll try to improve upon these in future, if I can. Further discussion can be had on my telegram channel.
You can find me on telegram @ApoorvIFS. Doubts and issues can be pointed here.
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All the best.
Regards,
PO
Apoorv Dixit
AIR 11, IFoS, 2021
Mail‐ [email protected]
A
MINERALOGY
Syllabus‐
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 Classification of crystals into systems and classes of symmetry.
 International system of crystallographic notation. Use of projection diagrams to
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represent crystal symmetry.
 Crystal defects.
 Elements of X‐ray crystallography. Petrological microscope and accessories.
 Optical properties of common rock forming minerals. Pleochroism, extinction angle,
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double refraction, birefringence, twinning and dispersion in minerals.
 Physical and chemical characters of rock forming slilicate mineral groups. Structural
classification of silicates. Common minerals of igneous and metamorphic rocks.
 Minerals of the carbonate, phosphate, sulphide and halide groups.
Key pointers and general strategy‐

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 Know the basic terminologies well‐ Coordination no., Pauling’s rule, Pleochroism,
Retardation, Birefringence, etc.
 Crystal system is the low hanging fruit in this chapter. You have to memorize a few no.s
and a few diagrams. It’ll give you sure shot 15‐30 marks in the paper.
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 Twinning is another easy portion. Almost every second year, a question is asked from
this.
 Rock forming silicate mineral groups‐ Pyroxene, Amphibole, Feldspar, Silica groups are
more important than the other parts. This part involves a lot of memorization but there
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is no escaping it.
 I ignored this‐ Minerals of the carbonate, phosphate, sulphide and halide groups.
Luckily, it didn’t hurt me. Questions are rarely asked from here.
Booklist‐

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Tulane University notes

 Mineralogy by Dexter Perkins
 Rutley’s Elements Of Mineralogy
*These notes are made with the help of Planet Geology lectures and slides. Original content belong to Lawrence
Kanyan and Mayank Malviya. My heartfelt gratitude to them.
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IGNEOUS PETROLOGY
Syllabus
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 Generation and crystallisation of magma.
 Crystallisation of albite‐anorthite, diopsideanorthite and diopside‐wollastonite‐silica
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systems.
 Reaction principle.
 Magmatic differentation and assimilation.
 Petrogenetic significance of the textures and structrues of igneous rocks.
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 Petrography and petrogenesis of granite, syenite, diorite, basic and ultrabasic groups,
charnockite, anorthosite and alkaline rocks. Carbonatites.
 Deccan volcanic province.

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 90% portion of this is very easy and mark fetching
 Low hanging fruits with sure shot marks‐
o Generation and crystallisation of magma.
o Crystallisation of albite‐anorthite, diopsideanorthite and diopside‐wollastonite‐
silica systems.
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o Reaction principle.
o Magmatic differentation and assimilation.
o Deccan volcanic province.
 Portion that involves lot of memorization and is slightly difficult‐
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o Petrography and petrogenesis of granite, syenite, diorite, basic and ultrabasic

groups, charnockite, anorthosite and alkaline rocks. Carbonatites.
o In this part‐ Just have two page notes on each rocks. One page of Petrography.
One page on Petrogenesis. That’s it.
 Texture part is very conceptual. Know the concepts, grab the marks.
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Booklist‐
 Tulane University notes

 Principles of Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology by John D. Winter
 The principles of Petrology by G. W. Tyrell
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METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY
Syllabus‐
 Types and agents of metamorphism.
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 Metamorphic grades and zones.
 Phase rule.
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 Facies of regional and contact metamorphism.
 ACF and AKF diagrams.
 Textures and structures of metamorphic rocks.
 Metamorphism of arenaceous, argillaceous and basic rocks.
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 Minerals assemblages Retrograde metamorphism.
 Metasomatism and granitisation,
 Migmatites,
 Granulite terrains of India.
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 I found this chapter slightly challenging. There is lot of memorization involved. But if you
mug it up well, this will make you stand out.
 There are easy portion here as well‐
o ACF and AKF diagrams.
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o Metasomatism and granitisation,

o Migmatites,
o Granulite terrains of India.
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 Texture and structure part‐ Conceptual.

 In this topic‐ “Metamorphism of arenaceous, argillaceous and basic rocks” I did only the
metamorphism of argillaceous rocks. Left the other two.
 Triangle diagrams‐ learn these well. Use it generously.
Booklist‐
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 Tulane University notes

 Principles of Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology by John D. Winter
 The principles of Petrology by G. W. Tyrell (for textures part)
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SEDIMENTOLOGY
Syllabus‐
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 Sedimentary rocks: Processes of formation, diagenesis and lithification.
 Properties of sediments.
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 Clastic and non‐clastic rocks‐their classification, petrography and depositional
environment.
 Sedimentary facies and provenance.
 Sedimentary structures and their significance.
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 Heavy minerals and their significance.
 Sedimentary basins of India.
 Most part is fairly easy. First three topics and the fifth topic above are cake‐walk and
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marks fetching.
 Sedimentary structures, Sedimentary facies‐ use a lot of diagrams.
 Use flow chart in classification part
 Sedimentary basins‐ is not covered here. Google this. It’s not very difficult to find.
Booklist‐
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 e‐PGPathshala Geology
 Principles of Sedimentology and Stratigraphy by Samm Boggs

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NPTEL
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A

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How to use these notes?

There are 8 difficult/technical topics in Geology‐

Which part to attempt more questions from?

All the best.

AIR 11, IFoS, 2021

Key pointers and general strategy‐

Tulane University notes

Key pointers and general strategy‐

o Petrography and petrogenesis of granite, syenite, diorite, basic and ultrabasic

 Tulane University notes

 Types and agents of metamorphism.

o Metasomatism and granitisation,

 Texture and structure part‐ Conceptual.

 Tulane University notes

Key pointers and general strategy‐

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