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Test 24 Hazi̇ran
Test 24 Hazi̇ran
their brain instead. Mounting evidence suggests that the boost from human growth hormone (HGH),
an increasingly popular doping drug, might be caused by the placebo effect. In a new double-blind
trial funded by the World Anti-Doping Agency, in which neither researchers nor participants knew
who was receiving HGH and who was taking a placebo, the researchers asked participants to guess
whether or not they were on the real drug. Then they examined the results of the group who
guessed that they were getting HGH when, in fact, they had received a placebo. That group improved
at four fitness tests measuring strength, endurance, power and sprint capacity. The study
participants who guessed correctly that they were taking a placebo did not improve, according to
preliminary results presented at the Society for Endocrinology meeting in June 2011. “The finding
really shows the power of the mind” said Ken Ho, an endocrinologist at the Garvan Institute in
Sydney, Australia, who led the study. She maintains that many athletes are reaping the benefits of
the placebo effect, without knowing whether what they are taking is beneficial or not.
59. It is clearly stated in the passage that the support given by certain drugs ----.
60. According to the results of the study funded by the World Anti-Doping Agency, ----.
a) the study participants were all aware they were given a placebo
b) those who knew that they were given real drugs failed to show improvement in fitness tests
c) the athletes who did not know they were given a placebo did well on fitness tests
d) the preliminary findings showed the increased popularity of drugs
e) the effects of HGH are incompatible with those found in other studies
61. It is understood from the passage that the placebo effect ----.
3. Modern embalming ---- about during 7. Over the past two decades, bio-
the American Civil War, in which many geomorphology ---- as an established
soldiers ---- in battle far away from their research field examining the
families. interrelationship between organisms and
geomorphic processes.
a) would come / had died
b) came / die a. has developed
c) had come / have died b. developed
d) was coming / died c. is developing
e) came / died d. had developed
e. was developed
4. Since small earthquakes only ---- a
small fraction of the energy that is 8. Astronomers estimate that the Solar
involved in a major quake, they ---- a System as we know it today ----
significant impact on reducing the odds of drastically until the Sun ---- almost all the
a dangerous seismic event. hydrogen fuel in its core into helium.
a) were releasing / did not have a. will not change / has fused
b) have released / do not have b. does not change / will fuse
c) released / have not had c. has not changed / fuses
d) release / do not have d. did not change / was fusing
e) will release / are not having e. had not changed / had fused
9. While most of us ---- slavery with 18 th 13. The pelagic spinner dolphin is a
and 19 th century America, the truth is carnivore that ---- primarily on small fish,
that the African slave trade started long squids and shrimps, and ---- down to
before America ---- involved. depths of 300 meters to catch its prey.
10. Modern Afghanistan ---- until 1747, 14. The Permian period ---- from 290 to
when principalities and fragmented 248 million years ago and ---- the last
provinces ---- into one kingdom by period of the Paleozoic Era.
Ahmad Shah Durrani.
a. lasts / has been
a. has not evolved / consolidated b. lasted / is
b. did not evolve / were consolidated c. has lasted / was
c. had not evolved / was consolidating d. lasted / had been
d. would not evolve / had consolidated e. lasted / was
e. were not evolved / were consolidated
15. Over the last 10 - 20 years, scientists
11. Until the Anzacs discovery, little and naturalists ---- dramatic population
genetic data ---- available from declines and range constrictions among
Paleoamerican skeletal specimens, which five of the 47 species of bees that ---- in
---- their relationship to Native Americans the US.
poorly understood.
a) have noticed / fi nding
a. has been / left b) was noticed / were found
b. was / has left c) have been noticing / are found
c. had been / left d) have noticed / are found
d. was / was leaving e) had noticed / were found
e. would have been / had left
16. In the last 20 years, 10 of the driest 12
12. Archaeological excavations starting in winters ---- place in the lands ---- the
the 1840s ---- that human settlements ---- Mediterranean Sea.
back to 10, 000 BCE in Mesopotamia.
a. have been taken / surrounding
a. had revealed / dated b. would have taken / be surrounded
b. have revealed / date c. has taken / surrounded
c. reveal / would date d. have been taken / is surrounding
d. are revealing / is dating e. have taken / surrounding
e. revealed / would be dating
17. Water quality ---- challenges in the
Mississippi River over the last century
and ---- to present day, chiefly due to
agricultural runoff.
a. causes / produced
b. caused / produce
c. have caused / produces
d. caused / produced
e. causes / have produced
a. have considered
b. have been considered
c. had considered
d. was being considered
e. will be considered