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Labelled diagram of 400m track

Cricket, like any other sport, has a set of rules and regulations that govern how the game is played.
Here are some key rules and regulations in cricket:

1. Playing Field: Cricket is typically played on an oval-shaped field with a rectangular 22-yard-
long pitch in the center. The pitch has stumps at each end, with bails placed on top to form
the wickets.

2. Teams: A cricket match involves two teams, each consisting of eleven players.

3. Innings: A cricket match is divided into innings, with each team having a turn to bat and
bowl. During each innings, the batting team attempts to score runs, while the bowling team
tries to dismiss the batsmen and limit the runs scored.

4. Batting: Batsmen score runs by hitting the ball bowled by the opposing team's bowler and
running between the wickets. Runs are also scored by hitting boundaries (4 runs for the ball
reaching the boundary rope without bouncing, and 6 runs for hitting the ball over the
boundary rope without bouncing).

5. Bowling: Bowlers deliver the ball to the batsmen from one end of the pitch. They aim to
dismiss the batsmen by getting them out through various means, such as bowled (the ball
hits the stumps), caught (the batsman hits the ball and it is caught by a fielder), lbw (leg
before wicket), and other methods.

6. Fielding: The bowling team sets fielding positions strategically to prevent runs and take
wickets. Fielders attempt to catch the ball, stop it from reaching the boundary, and run out
batsmen by hitting the stumps with the ball.

7. Overs: An over consists of six legal deliveries (balls) bowled by one bowler from one end of
the pitch to the other. After an over is completed, another bowler from the same team
bowls from the opposite end.

8. Extras: Extras are runs scored by the batting team without the ball being hit by the
batsman's bat, such as wides (balls bowled too wide for the batsman to reach) and no-balls
(illegal deliveries).

9. Dismissals: Batsmen can be dismissed in various ways, including bowled, caught, lbw, run
out (fielder hits the stumps with the ball while the batsmen are running between the
wickets), stumped (the wicketkeeper removes the bails while the batsman is out of their
crease), and hit wicket (the batsman accidentally dislodges the stumps with their bat or
body).

10. Umpires: Umpires are responsible for enforcing the rules of the game, making decisions, and
officiating the match. There are usually two on-field umpires, assisted by a third umpire who
reviews replays to help with decisions related to dismissals, boundary calls, and other close
calls.
HISTORY OF CRICKET
Origins: Cricket is believed to have originated in England during the medieval period. The earliest
known reference to cricket dates to the 16th century. It started as a children's game played in rural
areas, evolving into a popular pastime among adults.

Growth and Popularization: Cricket gained popularity in England during the 17th and 18th centuries,
with the formation of cricket clubs and the establishment of formal rules. The Marylebone Cricket
Club (MCC), founded in 1787, played a crucial role in standardizing the rules of the game.

Spread to the British Empire: Cricket was spread to other parts of the world through British
colonialism. It became particularly popular in countries like Australia, India, the West Indies, South
Africa, and New Zealand, where it remains a major sport today.

Development of Formats: Over time, different formats of the game emerged, including Test cricket,
which is the traditional and longest format of the game, and limited-overs cricket, such as One Day
Internationals (ODIs) and Twenty20 (T20) cricket, which offer shorter, more fast-paced matches.

International Competitions: The first international cricket match took place between the United
States and Canada in 1844. The first officially recognized Test match was played between England
and Australia in 1877. The Ashes series, contested between England and Australia, is one of the
oldest and most famous rivalries in cricket.

Evolution of Cricketing Bodies: The International Cricket Council (ICC), formed in 1909 as the Imperial
Cricket Conference, is the global governing body for cricket. It oversees international tournaments,
sets standards and regulations, and promotes the growth and development of the sport worldwide.

Innovation and Modernization: In recent decades, cricket has witnessed significant innovations and
changes, including the introduction of day-night Test matches, the development of technology like
Decision Review System (DRS) to assist umpiring decisions, and the rise of lucrative franchise-based
T20 leagues like the Indian Premier League (IPL).

Globalization: Cricket has become a truly global sport, with teams from various countries competing
in international tournaments like the ICC Cricket World Cup, ICC T20 World Cup, and ICC Champions
Trophy. It has also gained popularity in non-traditional cricketing nations.
DIAGRAM

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