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 Solution Manual for Computer Organization
and Architecture, 11th Edition, William
Stallings
Full download chapter at: https://testbankbell.com/product/solution-manual-for-computer-
organization-and-architecture-11th-edition-william-stallings-2/
 © 2018 by William Stallings

All rights reserved. No part

of this document may be
reproduced, in any form or
by any means, or posted on
the Internet, without
permission in writing from
the author. Selected
solutions may be shared
with students, provided
that they are not available,
unsecured, on the Web.

-2-
 NOTICE

This manual contains solutions to the review

questions and homework problems in Computer
Organization and Architecture, Eleventh Edition.
If you spot an error in a solution or in the
wording of a problem, I would greatly appreciate
it if you would forward the information via email
to [email protected]. An errata sheet for this
manual, if needed, is available at
http://www.box.net/shared/q4a7bmmtyc . File
name is S-COA11e-mmyy

W.S.

-3-
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1 Basic Concepts and Computer Evolution ....................... 5

Chapter 2 Performance Issues ..................................................10
Chapter 3 Computer Function and Interconnection ......................19
Chapter 4 Memory Hierarchy....................................................25
Chapter 5 Cache Memory.........................................................29
Chapter 6 Internal Memory ......................................................41
Chapter 7 External Memory......................................................50
Chapter 8 Input/Output ...........................................................56
Chapter 9 Operating System Support ........................................64
Chapter 10 Number Systems....................................................72
Chapter 11 Computer Arithmetic...............................................74

-4-
 CHAPTER 1 BASIC CONCEPTS AND
COMPUTER EVOLUTION

ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
1.1 Computer architecture refers to those attributes of a system visible
to a programmer or, put another way, those attributes that have a
direct impact on the logical execution of a program. Computer
organization refers to the operational units and their interconnections
that realize the architectural specifications. Examples of architectural
attributes include the instruction set, the number of bits used to
represent various data types (e.g., numbers, characters), I/O
mechanisms, and techniques for addressing memory. Organizational
attributes include those hardware details transparent to the
programmer, such as control signals; interfaces between the computer
and peripherals; and the memory technology used.

1.2 Computer structure refers to the way in which the components of a

computer are interrelated. Computer function refers to the operation of
each individual component as part of the structure.

1.3 Data processing; data storage; data movement; and control.

1.4 Central processing unit (CPU): Controls the operation of the

computer and performs its data processing functions; often simply
referred to as processor.
Main memory: Stores data.
I/O: Moves data between the computer and its external environment.
System interconnection: Some mechanism that provides for
communication among CPU, main memory, and I/O. A common
example of system interconnection is by means of a system bus,
consisting of a number of conducting wires to which all the other
components attach.

1.5 Control unit: Controls the operation of the CPU and hence the
computer
Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU): Performs the computer’s data
processing functions
Registers: Provides storage internal to the CPU

-5-
 CPU interconnection: Some mechanism that provides for
communication among the control unit, ALU, and registers

1.6 In a stored program computer, programs are represented in a form

suitable for storing in memory alongside the data. The computer gets its
instructions by reading them from memory, and a program can be set
or altered by setting the values of a portion of memory.

1.7 Moore observed that the number of transistors that could be put on a
single chip was doubling every year and correctly predicted that this
pace would continue into the near future.

1.8 Similar or identical instruction set: In many cases, the same set of
machine instructions is supported on all members of the family. Thus, a
program that executes on one machine will also execute on any other.
Similar or identical operating system: The same basic operating
system is available for all family members. Increasing speed: The rate
of instruction execution increases in going from lower to higher family
members. Increasing Number of I/O ports: In going from lower to
higher family members. Increasing memory size: In going from lower
to higher family members. Increasing cost: In going from lower to
higher family members.

1.9 In a microprocessor, all of the components of the CPU are on a single

chip.

ANSWERS TO PROBLEMS
2.1 a
Location Instruction/Value Comments
0 <> Constant (N) [initialized to some value]
1 1 Constant; Integer value = 1
2 2 Constant; Integer value = 2
3 0 Variable Y (initialized to integer zero);
Sum(Y)
4L LOAD M(0 N → AC
4R ADD M(1) AC + 1 → AC
5L MUL M(0) N(N+1) → AC
5R DIV M(2) AC/2 → AC
6L STOR M(3) AC → Y; saving the Sum in variable Y
6R JUMP M(6,20:39) Done; HALT

-6-
b.
Location Instruction/Value Comments
0 <> Constant (N) [initialized to some value]
1 1 Constant (loop counter increment)
2 1 Variable i (loop index value; current)
3 1 Variable Y = Sum of X values (Initialized to
One)
4L LOAD M(0 N → AC (the max limit)
4R SUB M(2) Compute N–i → AC
5L JUMP + M(6,0:19) Check AC > 0 ? [i < N]
5R JUMP + M(5,20:39) i=N; done so HALT
6L LOAD M(2) i<N so continue; Get loop counter i
6R ADD M(1) i+1 in AC
7L STOR M(2) AC → i
8R ADD M(3) i + Y in AC
8L STOR M(3) AC → Y
8R JUMP M(4,0:19) Continue at instruction located at address
4L

2.2 a.
Opcode Operand
00000001 000000000010

b. First, the CPU must make access memory to fetch the instruction. The
instruction contains the address of the data we want to load. During
the execute phase accesses memory to load the data value located at
that address for a total of two trips to memory.

2.3 To read a value from memory, the CPU puts the address of the value it
wants into the MAR. The CPU then asserts the Read control line to
memory and places the address on the address bus. Memory places the
contents of the memory location passed on the data bus. This data is
then transferred to the MBR. To write a value to memory, the CPU puts
the address of the value it wants to write into the MAR. The CPU also
places the data it wants to write into the MBR. The CPU then asserts the
Write control line to memory and places the address on the address bus
and the data on the data bus. Memory transfers the data on the data
bus into the corresponding memory location.

-7-
2.4
Address Contents
08A LOAD M(0FA)
STOR M(0FB)
08B LOAD M(0FA)
JUMP +M(08D)
08C LOAD –M(0FA)
STOR M(0FB)
08D

This program will store the absolute value of content at memory

location 0FA into memory location 0FB.

2.5 All data paths to/from MBR are 40 bits. All data paths to/from MAR are
12 bits. Paths to/from AC are 40 bits. Paths to/from MQ are 40 bits.

2.6 The purpose is to increase performance. When an address is presented

to a memory module, there is some time delay before the read or write
operation can be performed. While this is happening, an address can be
presented to the other module. For a series of requests for successive
words, the maximum rate is doubled.

2.7 The discrepancy can be explained by noting that other system

components aside from clock speed make a big difference in overall
system speed. In particular, memory systems and advances in I/O
processing contribute to the performance ratio. A system is only as fast
as its slowest link. In recent years, the bottlenecks have been the
performance of memory modules and bus speed.

2.8 As noted in the answer to Problem 2.7, even though the Intel machine
may have a faster clock speed (2.4 GHz vs. 1.2 GHz), that does not
necessarily mean the system will perform faster. Different systems are
not comparable on clock speed. Other factors such as the system
components (memory, buses, architecture) and the instruction sets
must also be taken into account. A more accurate measure is to run
both systems on a benchmark. Benchmark programs exist for certain
tasks, such as running office applications, performing floating-point
operations, graphics operations, and so on. The systems can be
compared to each other on how long they take to complete these tasks.
According to Apple Computer, the G4 is comparable or better than a
higher-clock speed Pentium on many benchmarks.

2.9 This representation is wasteful because to represent a single decimal

digit from 0 through 9 we need to have ten tubes. If we could have an
arbitrary number of these tubes ON at the same time, then those same
tubes could be treated as binary bits. With ten bits, we can represent
-8-
 210 patterns, or 1024 patterns. For integers, these patterns could be
used to represent the numbers from 0 through 1023.

1.10 a. No. These programs are never considered to be embedded because

they are not an integral component of a larger system.
b. Yes, regardless of what the disk drive is used for. The software
(firmware, actually) within the disk drive controls the HDA (head
disk assembly) hardware and is hard realtime as well.
c. No, because that computer may be a general-purpose computer
that is not part of a larger system.
d. No. People often say that PDAs are embedded because they are
very small and constrained and because PDA OS and application
software is kept in non-volatile memory, but PDAs parallel the
desktop systems used to run office productivity applications, and no
special hardware is being controlled.
e. Yes. The firmware in the cell phone is controlling the radio
hardware.
f. Yes. These computers were generally some of the most powerful
computers available when the system was built, are located in a
large computer room occupying almost one whole floor of a
building, and may be hundreds of meters away from the radar
hardware. However, the software running in these computers
controls the radar hardware; therefore, the computers are an
integral component of a larger system.
g. If the FMS is not connected to the avionics and is used only for
logistics computations, a function readily performed on a laptop,
then the FMS is clearly not embedded.
h. Yes, both in the simulator, and in the thing being tested in the HIL
simulator. Hardware is being controlled on both sides.
i. Yes. In this case the “system” is the combination of the pacemaker
and the person's heart.
j. Yes. It is part of a larger system, the engine, and it is directly
monitoring and controlling the engine through special hardware.

-9-
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
dares press the matter of arrest, but I am here in Governor
Osborne’s behalf to give the lie to that imputation.”
“That has undoubtedly been the fact, as you know,” and Habersham
smiled at his old preceptor inquiringly. “Osborne once represented
the Appleweights, and he undoubtedly saved the leader from the
gallows. That was before Osborne ever thought of becoming
governor, and he acted only within his proper rights as a lawyer. I
don’t recall that anything in professional ethics requires us to
abandon a client because we know he’s guilty. If such were the case
we’d all starve to death.”
“Governor Osborne has been viciously maligned,” declared
Griswold. “While he did at one time represent these people—no
doubt thoroughly and efficiently—he holds the loftiest ideal of public
service, and it was only when his official integrity was brought into
question by unscrupulous enemies that he employed me as special
counsel to carry this affair through to a conclusion. That accounts for
my presence here, Habersham, and, with your assistance, I propose
to force Governor Dangerfield’s hand. Suppose all these people
were arrested in Mingo County under these indictments, what would
be the result—trial and acquittal?”
“Just that, in spite of any effort made to convict them.”
“Well, Governor Osborne is tired of this business, and wants the
Appleweight scandal disposed of once and for all.”
“That’s strange,” remarked Habersham, clearly surprised at
Griswold’s vigorous tone. “I called on the governor in his office at
Columbia only ten days ago, and he put me off. He said he had to
prepare an address to deliver before the South Carolina Political
Reform Association, and he couldn’t take up the Appleweight case;
and I called on Bosworth, the attorney-general, and he grew furiously
angry, and said I was guilty of the gravest malfeasance in not having
brought those men to book long ago. When I suggested that he
connive with the governor towards removing our sheriff, he declared
that the governor was a coward. He seemed anxious to put the
governor in a hole, though why he should take that attitude I can’t
make out, as it has been generally understood that Governor
Osborne’s personal friendliness for him secured his nomination and
election to the attorney-generalship, and I have heard that he is
engaged to the governor’s oldest daughter.”
“He is a contemptible hound,” replied Griswold with feeling, “and at
the proper time we shall deal with him; but it is of more importance
just now to make Appleweight a prisoner in North Carolina. If he’s
arrested over there, that lets us out; and if the North Carolina
authorities won’t arrest their own criminals, we’ll go over into Dilwell
County and show them how to be good. The man’s got to be locked
up, and he’d look much better in a North Carolina jail, under all the
circumstances.”
“That’s good in theory, but how do you justify it in law?”
“Oh, that’s the merest matter of formulæ! My dear Habersham, all
the usual processes of law go down before emergencies!”
The airiness of Griswold’s tone caused the prosecutor to laugh, for
this was not the sober associate professor of admiralty whose
lectures he had sat under at the University of Virginia, but a different
person, whose new attitude toward the law and its enforcement
shocked him immeasurably.
“You seem to be going in for pretty loose interpretations, and if that
plaster bust of John Marshall up there falls from the shelf, you need
not be surprised,” and Habersham still laughed. “I might be impudent
and cite you against yourself!”
“That would constitute contempt of court, and I cannot just now
spare your services long enough for you to serve a jail sentence. Go
on now, and tell me what you have done and what you propose.”
“Well, as I told you over the telephone, we hear a great deal about
Appleweight and his crowd; but we never hear much of their
enemies, who are, nevertheless, of the same general stock, and
equally determined when aroused. Ten of these men I have quietly
called to meet at my farm out here a few miles from town, on
Thursday night. They come from different points over the country,
and we’ll have a small but grim posse that will be ready for business.
You may not know it, but the Appleweights are most religious.
Appleweight himself boasts that he never misses church on Sunday.
He goes also to the mid-week service on Thursday night, so I have
learned, and thereby hangs our opportunity. Mount Nebo Church lies
off here toward the north. It’s a lonely point in itself, though it’s the
spiritual centre and rendezvous for a wide area. If Appleweight can
be taken at all, that’s the place, and I’m willing to make the trial.
Whether to stampede the church and make a fight, or seize him
alone as he approaches the place, is a question for discussion with
the boys I have engaged to go into the game. How does it strike
you?”
“First-rate. Ten good men ought to be enough; but if it comes down
to numbers, the state militia can be brought into use. The South
Carolina National Guard is in camp, and we can have a regiment
quick enough, if I ask it.”
Habersham whistled.
“Osborne is certainly up and doing!” he exclaimed, chuckling. “I
suppose he has tossed a quarter, and decided it’s better to be good
than to be senator. By the way, that was a curious story in the
newspapers about Dangerfield and Osborne having a row at New
Orleans. I wonder just what passed between them?”
Griswold was conscious that Habersham glanced at him a little
curiously, with a look that implied something that half formed itself on
the prosecuting attorney’s lips.
“I know nothing beyond what I read in the newspapers at the time.
Some political row, I fancy.”
“I suppose Governor Osborne hasn’t discussed it with you since his
return to Columbia?” asked Habersham carelessly. The shadow of a
smile flitted across his face, but vanished quickly as though before a
returning consciousness of the fact that he was facing Henry Maine
Griswold, who was first of all a gentleman, and not less a scholar
and a man of the world, who was not to be trifled with.
“No,” replied Griswold, a little shortly. “I was appealed to in rather an
unusual way in this matter of Appleweight. It is quite out of my line as
a legal proposition, but there are other considerations of which I may
not speak.”
“Pardon me,” murmured Habersham; but he asked: “What was
Governor Osborne doing when you left Columbia?”
“When I left Columbia,” remarked Griswold, and it was he that smiled
now, “to the best of my knowledge and belief the governor of South
Carolina was deeply absorbed in knitting a necktie, the colour of
which was, I think, the orange of a Blue Ridge autumn sunset. And
now, if you will kindly give me pen and paper, I will communicate the
Appleweight situation and our prospects to my honoured chief.”
 CHAPTER XI.
TWO LADIES ON A BALCONY.

The outer aspect of Ardsley is, frankly, feudal. The idea of a North
Carolina estate had grown out of Ardmore’s love of privacy and his
wish to get away from New York, where his family was all too
frequently struck by the spot light. The great tract of land once
secured he had not concerned himself about a house, but had
thrown together a comfortable bungalow which satisfied him for a
year. But Ardmore’s gentle heart, inaccessible to demands of many
sorts, was a defenceless citadel when appeals were made to his
generosity. A poor young architect, lately home from the Ecole des
Beaux Arts, with many honours but few friends, fell under Ardmore’s
eyes. The towers and battlements that soon thereafter crowned the
terraced slopes at Ardsley, etching a noble line against the lovely
panorama of North Carolina hills, testified at once to the architect’s
talent for adaptation and Ardmore’s diminished balances at the
Bronx Loan and Trust Company.
On a balcony that commanded the sunset—a balcony bright with
geraniums that hung daringly over a ravine on the west—Mrs.
Atchison and Miss Jerry Dangerfield were cosily taking their tea.
Their white gowns, the snowy awning stirring slightly in the hill air,
the bright trifles of the tea-table mingled in a picture of charm and
contentment.
“I wonder,” said Mrs. Atchison abruptly, “where Tommy is.”
“I have no definite idea,” said Jerry, pouring cream, “but let us hope
that he is earning his salary.”
“His salary?” and Mrs. Atchison’s brows contracted. “Do you mean
that my brother is taking pay for this mysterious work he is doing?”
“He shall be paid in money,” replied Jerry with decision. “As I have
only the barest acquaintance with Mr. Ardmore, never, in fact, having
seen him until a few days ago, it would be very improper for me to
permit him to serve me except under the rules that govern the
relations of employer and employee.”
Mrs. Atchison smiled with the wise tolerance of a woman of the
world; and she was a lady, it must be said, who had a keen
perception of that sane and ample philosophy of life which proceeds,
we may say, for the sake of convenience, from the sense of humour.
She did not like to be puzzled; and she had never in her life been
surprised, least of all by any word or deed of her singular brother
Tommy. She liked and even cultivated with daring the inadvertent
turns in a day’s affairs. The cool fashion in which her brother had
placed the daughter of the governor of North Carolina in her hands
on board her car at Raleigh had amused her. She had learned
nothing from Jerry of the beginnings of that young woman’s
acquaintance with the master of Ardsley—an acquaintance which
seemed to be intimate in certain aspects but amazingly distant and
opaque in others. Miss Geraldine Dangerfield, like Mrs. Atchison
herself, was difficult to surprise, and Tommy Ardmore’s sister
admired this in any one, and she particularly admired it in Jerry, who
was so charming in so many other ways. Mrs. Atchison imagined
that Jerry’s social experience had been meagre, and yet the girl
accepted the conditions of life at Ardsley as a matter of course, and
in the gatherings of the house party Jerry—there was no denying it—
held the centre of the stage.
The men, including the Duke of Ballywinkle, hung upon her lightest
word, which often left them staggering; and she frequently flung the
ball of conversation into the blue ether with a careless ease that kept
expectancy a-tiptoe in the minds and hearts of all the company.
“I hope,” said Mrs. Atchison, putting down her cup and gazing
dreamily into the west, “that you have not given Tommy any
commission in which he is likely to fail. If it were a matter of finding a
fan you had left behind somewhere, or even of producing an extinct
flower from the Andes, he would undoubtedly be faithful to the trust
imposed on him; but in anything that is really serious, really of
importance, one should never depend on Tommy.”
This was, as the lady knew, almost vulgarly leading; but Jerry folded
her arms, and spoke out with charming frankness.
“I have heard my father say,” said Jerry, “that incapable men often
rise to great opportunities when they are pushed. Mr. Ardmore has
undertaken to perform for me a service of the greatest delicacy and
not unattended with danger. You have been kind to me, Mrs.
Atchison, and as you are my chaperon and entitled to my fullest
confidence, it is right for you to know just how I came here, and why
your brother is absent in my service.”
For once curiosity bound Mrs. Atchison in chains of steel.
“Tell me nothing, dear, unless you are quite free to do so,” she
murmured; but her heart skipped a beat as she waited.
“I should not think of doing so except of my own free will,” declared
Jerry, carelessly following the flight of a hawk that flapped close by
toward the neighbouring woods. “It may interest you to know that just
now your brother, Mr. Thomas Ardmore, is the governor of North
Carolina. He does not exactly know it, for at Raleigh I myself was
governor of North Carolina at the time we met, and I only made Mr.
Ardmore my private secretary; but when it became necessary to take
the field I placed him in full charge, and he is now not only governor
of the Old North State, but also the commander-in-chief of her troops
in the field.”
With a nice feeling for climax Jerry paused, picked a lump of sugar
from the silver bowl on the tea-table, bit the edge of it daintily, and
tossed it to the robins that hopped on the lawn beneath.
Mrs. Atchison moved forward slightly, but evinced no other sign of
surprise. The hour, the scene, the girl were all to her liking. She
would even prolong the delight of hearing the further history of her
brother’s amazing elevation to supreme power in an American
commonwealth—it was so foreign to all experience, so heavy with
possibilities, so delicious in that it had happened to Tommy of all
men in the world!
“I trust,” she said, smiling a little, “that Tommy will not prove unworthy
of the confidence you have reposed in him.”
“If he does,” said Jerry, slapping her hands together to free them of
an imaginary sugar crumb, “I shall never, never marry him.”
“Then may I ask, Miss Dangerfield, if you and he are engaged?”
“Not at all, Mrs. Atchison! Not only are we not engaged, but he has
never even proposed to me. Besides, I am engaged to Colonel
Rutherford Gillingwater, our adjutant-general.”
“Then if you are engaged to this military person, just wherein lies the
significance of your threat never to marry my brother.”
“That,” said Jerry, “is perfectly easy of explanation. Your brother and
I have met only a few times, and I never become engaged to any
man whom I have not known for a week at least. Marriage is a
serious matter; and while the frequent breaking of engagements is
painful in the extreme, I think one cannot be too careful in assuming
the marriage bond.”
Mrs. Atchison wondered whether the girl was amusing herself at her
expense, but Jerry’s tone was grave and Jerry’s eyes were steady.
Jerry was a new species, and she had appeared at a fortunate
moment when Mrs. Atchison had almost concluded that the world is
a squeezed lemon.
“In view of the fact that you are engaged to Dillingwater——” began
Mrs. Atchison, anxious for further disclosures touching Jerry’s ideas
on matrimony.
“Colonel Rutherford Gillingwater, please!” corrected Jerry.
“—I don’t quite grasp this matter of your attitude toward my brother.
Unless I misunderstood you, you remarked a moment ago that
unless he succeeded in his present undertaking you would never
marry him.”
“That is exactly what I said, and I meant every word of it,” declared
Jerry. “I will not conceal from you, Mrs. Atchison, my determination
that your brother shall be my second husband.”
There was no question of Mrs. Atchison’s complete surprise now.
“Your second husband, child?”
“My second husband, Mrs. Atchison. Life is short at best, and I was
told by my old mammy when I was a little child—she turned out
afterward to be a real voodoo woman—that I should be married
twice. I am very superstitious, and that made a great impression on
my mind. It is not in keeping with my ideas of life, Mrs. Atchison, to
be long a widow, so that I think it perfectly right to choose a second
husband even before I am quite sure that I have chosen wisely for
my first.”
“Has the military person weak lungs?”
“No; but his mind is not strong. Anything sudden, like apoplexy,
would be sure to go hard with him.”
“Then you should be careful not to shock him. It would be almost
criminal to break your engagement with him.”
“That rests entirely with him, Mrs. Atchison. The man I love must be
brave, tender, and true. After our present difficulties are over I shall
know whether Rutherford Gillingwater is the man I believe I am going
to marry in October.”
“But you spoke a moment ago of Tommy’s official position. Is this
arrangement a matter of general knowledge in North Carolina?”
“No, it is not. You and he and I are the only persons who know it.
Papa does not know it yet; and when papa finds it out it may go hard
with him. You see, Mrs. Atchison”—and Jerry leaned forward and
rested an elbow on the tea-table and tucked her little chin into the
palm of her hand—“you see, papa is very absent-minded, as great
men often are, and he went away and forgot to perform some duties
which the honour and dignity of the state require to be performed
immediately. There are some wicked men who have caused both
North Carolina and South Carolina a great deal of trouble, but they
must not be punished in this state, but in South Carolina, which is
just over there somewhere. There are many reasons for that which
would be very tiresome to tell you about, but the principal one is that
Barbara Osborne, the daughter of the governor of South Carolina, is
the snippiest and stuck-upest person I have ever known, and while
your brother and I are in charge of this state I have every intention of
annoying her in every way I can. When Mr. Ardmore has caught
those wicked men I spoke of, who really do not belong in this state at
all, they will be marched straight into South Carolina, and then we
shall see what Governor Osborne does about it; and we will show
Barbara Osborne, whose father never had to paper his dining-room,
after the war between the states, with bonds of the Confederacy—
we will show her that there’s a good deal of difference between the
Dangerfields and the Osbornes, and between the proud Old North
State and the state of South Carolina.”
“And you have placed this business, requiring courage and finesse,
in Tommy’s hands?”
“That is exactly what I have done, Mrs. Atchison. Your brother is no
great distance from here, and we have exchanged telegrams to-day;
but when I told you a moment ago that I did not know his
whereabouts exactly I spoke the truth. Your brother’s appearance on
the scene at the beginning was most providential. The stage was
set, the curtain waited”—Jerry extended her arms to indicate a
breadth of situation—“but there was no valiant hero. I needed a
leading man, and Mr. Ardmore walked in like a fairy prince ready to
take the part. And what I shall say to you further, as my chaperon,
will not, I hope, cause you to think ill of me.”
“I love you more and more! You may tell me anything you like without
fear of being misunderstood; but tell me nothing that you prefer to
keep to yourself.”
“If you were not Mr. Ardmore’s sister I should not tell you this; and I
shall never tell another soul. I was coming home from a visit in
Baltimore, and the train stopped somewhere to let another train
pass. The two trains stood side by side for a little while, and in the
window of the sleeper opposite me I saw a young man who seemed
very sad. I thought perhaps he had buried all his friends, for he had
the appearance of one lately bereaved. It has always seemed to me
that we should do what we can to cheer the afflicted, and this
gentleman was staring out of his window very sadly, as though he
needed a friend, and as he caught my eye it seemed to me that
there was an appeal in it that it would have been unwomanly for me
to ignore. So, just as my train started, at the very last moment that
we looked at each other, I winked at that gentleman with, I think, my
right eye.”
Miss Geraldine Dangerfield touched the offending member delicately
with her handkerchief.
Mrs. Atchison bent forward and took both the girl’s hands.
“And that was Tommy—my brother Tommy!”
“That gentleman has proved to be Mr. Thomas Ardmore. I had not
the slightest idea that I should ever in the world see him again. My
only hope was that he would go on his way cheered and refreshed
by my sign of good-will, though he was either so depressed or so
surprised that he made no response. I never expected to see him
again in this world; and when I had almost forgotten all about him he
coolly sent in his card to me at the executive mansion in Raleigh.
And I was very harsh with him when I learned who he was; for you
know the Ardmore estate owns a lot of North Carolina bonds that are
due on the first of June, and Mr. Billings had been chasing papa all
over the country to know whether they will be paid; and I supposed
that of course your brother was looking for papa too, to annoy him
about some mere detail of that bond business, for the state
treasurer, who does not love papa, has gone away fishing, and Mr.
Billings is perfectly wild.”
“Delicious!” exclaimed Mrs. Atchison. “Perfectly delicious! And I am
sure that when Tommy explained his real sentiments toward Mr.
Billings you and he became friends at once.”
“Not at once, for I came very near having him thrown out of the
house; and I laughed at him about a jug that was given to him on the
train at Kildare with a message in it for papa. You know when you
are governor people always give you presents—that is, your friendly
constituents do. The others give you only unkind words. The
temperance people send you jugs of buttermilk on board your train
as you pass through the commonwealth, and others send you
applejack. Your brother gave back the buttermilk and kept the jug of
applejack, which had a warning to father in its corn-cob stopper. I
thought it was very funny, and I laughed at your brother so that he
was scared and ran out of the house. Then afterwards I looked out of
the window of papa’s office, and saw Mr. Ardmore sitting on a bench
in the state-house yard looking ever so sad and dejected, and I sent
the private secretary out to get him; and now we are, I think, the best
of friends, and Mr. Ardmore is, as I have already told you, the
governor of North Carolina to all intents and purposes.”
“May I call you Jerry? Thank you, dear. Let me tell you that I am
thirty-two, and you are——?”
“Seventeen,” supplied Jerry.
“And this is the most amusing, interesting, and exciting thing I have
heard in all my life. It might be difficult ordinarily for me to forgive the
wink, but your explanation lifts it out of the realm of social impropriety
into the sphere of generous benevolence. And if, after Colonel
Gillingwater has gone to his reward, you should marry my brother, I
shall do all in my power to make your life in our family happy in every
way.”
“Your brother does not seem particularly proud of his family
connection,” said Jerry. “He spoke of you in the most beautiful way,
but he seems distressed by the actions of some of the others.”
Mrs. Atchison sighed.
“Tommy is right about us. We are a sad lot.”
“But he is very hard on the duke. Since I came to Ardsley his Grace
has treated me with the greatest courtesy, and he has spoken to me
in the most complimentary terms. He is beyond question a man of
kind heart, for he has promised me his mother’s pearl necklace,
which had been in her family for four hundred years.”
“I should not hesitate to take the necklace, Jerry, if he really
produces it, for my sister, his wife, has never had the slightest
glimpse of it, and it is, I believe, in the hands of certain English
trustees for the benefit of the duke’s creditors. I dislike to spoil one of
his Grace’s pretty illusions, but unless Mr. Billings softens his heart a
great deal toward the duke I fear that you will not get the pearls this
summer.”
“I must tell you as my chaperon, Mrs. Atchison, that the duke has
already offered to elope with me. He told me last night, as we were
having our coffee on the terrace, that he would gladly give up his
wife, meaning, I suppose, your sister, and the Ardmore millions for
me; but while I think him fascinating, I want you to feel quite safe, for
I promise you I shall elope with no one while I am your guest.”
Mrs. Atchison’s face had grown a little white, and she compressed
her lips in lines that were the least bit grim.
“The scoundrel!” she exclaimed half under her breath. “To think that
he would insult a child like you! He is hanging about us here in the
hope of getting more money, while my poor sister, his wife, is in an
English sanatorium half crazed by his brutality. If Tommy knew this
he would undoubtedly kill him!”
“That would be very unnecessary. A duke, after all, is something,
and I should hate to have the poor man killed on my account. And
besides, Mrs. Atchison, I am perfectly able to take care of myself.”
“I believe you are, Jerry. But it’s a terrible thing to have that beast
about, and I shall tell him to-night that he must leave this place and
the country.”
“But first,” said Jerry, “I have an engagement to ride with him after
dinner to see the moon, and the opportunity of seeing a moon with a
duke of ancient family, here on the sacred soil of North Carolina, is
something that I cannot lightly put aside.”
“You cannot—you must not go!”
“Leave it to me,” said Jerry, smiling slightly; “and I promise you that
the duke will never again insult an American girl. And now I think I
must dress for dinner.”
She rose and turned her eyes dreamily to the tower above, where
the North Carolina state flag flapped idly in the breeze. This silken
emblem with its single star Miss Geraldine Dangerfield carried with
her in her trunk wherever she travelled; and having noted Ardsley’s
unadorned flagstaff, she had, with her own hands, unfurled it, highly
resolved that it should remain until the rightful governor returned to
his own.
A few minutes later, as Mrs. Atchison was reading the late mail in her
sitting-room, she took up a New York newspaper of the day before
and ran over the headlines. “Lost: A Governor” was a caption that
held her eye, and she read a special despatch dated Raleigh with
deepest interest. Governor Dangerfield, the item hinted, had not yet
returned from New Orleans, where he had gone to attend the Cotton
Planters’ Convention, and where, moreover, he had quarrelled with
the governor of South Carolina. The cowardly conduct of both
governors in dealing with the Appleweight band of outlaws was
recited at length; and it was also intimated that Governor Dangerfield
was deliberately absenting himself from his office to avoid meeting
squarely the Appleweight issue.
Mrs. Atchison smiled to herself; then she laughed merrily as she
rang for her maid.
“Little Jerry’s story seemed highly plausible as she told it; and yet
she is perfectly capable of spinning romance with that pretty mouth
of hers, particularly when backed by those sweet and serious blue
eyes. Tommy and Jerry! The combination is irresistible! If she has
really turned the state of North Carolina over to my little brother,
something unusual will certainly happen before long.”
And Mrs. Atchison was quite right in her surmise, as we shall see.
 CHAPTER XII.
THE EMBARRASSMENTS OF THE DUKE OF
BALLYWINKLE.

Mr. Frank Collins, of the Atlanta Palladium, trod the ties beyond
Kildare with a light heart, gaily swinging a suit-case. He had walked
far, but a narrow-brim straw hat, perched on the back of his head,
and the cheery lilt of the waltz he whistled, spoke for a jaunty spirit.
As his eye ranged the landscape he marked a faint cloud of smoke
rising beyond a lonely strip of wood; and coming to a dilapidated
piece of track that led vaguely away into the heart of the forest, he
again noted the tiny smoke-cloud. On such a day the half-gods go
and the gods arrive; and the world that afternoon knew no cheerfuller
spirit than the Palladium’s agile young commissioner. Mr. Collins was
not only in capital health and spirits, but he rejoiced in that delicious
titillation of expectancy which is the chief compensation of the
journalist’s life. His mission was secret, and this in itself gave flavour
to his errand; and, moreover, it promised adventures of a kind that
were greatly to his liking.
As the woodland closed in about him and the curving spur carried
him farther from the main right of way, he ceased whistling, and his
steps became more guarded. Suddenly a man rose from the bushes
and levelled a long arm at him detainingly.
“Stop, young man, stop where you are!”
“Hello!” called Collins, pausing. “Well, I’m jiggered if it ain’t old
Cookie. I say, old man, is the untaxed juice flowing in the forest
primeval or what brings you here?”
Cooke grinned as he recalled the reporter, whom he remembered as
a particularly irrepressible specimen of his genus whom he had met
while pursuing moonshiners in Georgia. The two shook hands
amiably midway of the two streaks of rust.
“Young man, I think I told you once before that your legs were
altogether too active. I want you to light right out of here—skip!”
“Not for a million dollars. Our meeting is highly opportune, Cookie.
It’s not for me to fly in the face of Providence. I’m going to see what’s
doing down here.”
“All right,” replied Cooke. “Take it all in and enjoy yourself; but you’re
my prisoner.”
“Oh, that will be all right! So long as I’m with you I can’t lose out.”
“March!” called Cooke, dropping behind; and thus the two came in a
few minutes to the engine, the cars, and the caboose. From the
locomotive a slight smoke still trailed hazily upward.
Thomas Ardmore, coatless and hatless, sat on the caboose steps
writing messages on a broad pad, while a telegraph instrument
clicked busily within. One of his men had qualified as operator, and a
pile of messages at his elbow testified to Ardmore’s industry.
Ardmore clutched in his left hand a message recently caught from
the wire, which he re-read from time to time with increasing
satisfaction. It had been sent from Ardsley and ran:
I shall ride to-night on the road that leads south beyond
the red bungalow, and on the bridle-path that climbs the
ridge on the west, called Sunset Trail. A certain English
gentleman will accompany me. It will be perfectly
agreeable to me to come back alone.
G. D.
Ardmore was still writing when Cooke stood beneath him under the
caboose platform.
“I beg your pardon, Mr. Ardmore, but this is our first prisoner.”
Ardmore signed a despatch, and then looked up and took the pipe
from his mouth. Collins lifted his hat politely.
“Ah, Mr. Ardmore, you see I have taken advantage of your
exceedingly kind invitation to look you up in North Carolina.”
“He was looking for you very hard when I found him, Mr. Ardmore,”
interposed Cooke.
“Your appearance delights me,” said Ardmore, extending his hand to
the reporter. “It was nice of you to walk out here to find me. Wouldn’t
they put you up at the house?”
“Well, the fact is I didn’t stop there. My paper sent me in this general
direction on business, but I had every honourable intention of making
you that visit after I finished my assignment. But Cookie here says
I’m arrested.”
“He’s a dangerous character and can’t be allowed to run loose in
these parts. I’m going to tie him up,” said Cooke.
“May I ask you, Mr. Collins, just what you are doing here?” inquired
Ardmore.
“You may, and I’ll bet a boiled goose that Cooke and I are on the
same job.”
“What are you looking for?” demanded Ardmore’s chief of staff.
“It’s a big story if I get it, and I have every intention of getting it,” said
Collins guardedly.
“Out with it!” commanded Ardmore.
“The fact is, then, that I’m looking for a person of importance.”
“Go right on, please.”
“And that person is the governor of North Carolina, who is
mysteriously absent from Raleigh. He attended the Cotton Planters’
Convention in New Orleans. He got as far as Atlanta on his way
home, and then disappeared. I need not say to gentlemen of your
intelligence that a lost governor is ripe fruit in my business, and I
have reason to believe that for some purpose of his own the
governor of North Carolina is hiding in this very neighbourhood.”
Cooke glanced at Ardmore for instructions, but the master of Ardsley
preferred to keep the matter in his own hands.
“So you want to find the governor of North Carolina, do you? Well,
you shall not be disappointed. You are too able and zealous to be
wasted on journalism. I have a feeling that you are destined to higher
things. Something told me when we met in Atlanta that fate had set
us apart for each other. That was why I asked you to visit me when I
really didn’t know but that, after learning where the spoons are kept,
you would skip without leaving your subsequent address. But now
there is important business on hand, and the state of North Carolina
will take the liberty of borrowing you from Georgia until the peace of
the Old North State is restored. And now, Collins, I will make a
disclosure that will undoubtedly startle you a good deal, but you are
no longer employed by the Atlanta Palladium, and your obligations to
that journal must be transferred to the state in which you now stand.
You came here, Collins, to look for the governor of North Carolina,
and your wits and your argus-nose for news have served you well.
You have found the governor of North Carolina: I am he!”
Collins had stood during this recital in the middle of the track, with
his legs wide apart, calmly fanning himself with his hat; but as
Ardmore proceeded the reporter’s hand dropped to his side, and a
grin that had overspread his face slowly yielded to a blank stare.
“Would you mind repeating those last words?”
“I am the governor of North Carolina, Mr. Collins. The manner in
which I attained that high office is not important. It must suffice that I
am in sole charge of the affairs of this great state, without relief from
valuation or appraisement laws and without benefit of clergy. And we
have much to do here; mere social conversation must await an
ampler time. I now appoint you publicity agent to the governor. Your
business is to keep the people fooled—all the people all the time. In
other words, you are chief liar to the administration, a position of vast
responsibility, for which you have, if I am a judge of character, the
greatest talents. You will begin by sending out word that Governor
Dangerfield has given up all other work at present but the destruction
of the Appleweight gang. These stories that the governor has hidden
himself to dodge certain duties are all punk—do you understand?—
he is serving the people as he has always served them, faithfully and
with the noblest self-sacrifice. That’s the sort of stuff I want you to
jam into the newspapers all over the world. And remember—my
name does not appear in the business at all—neither now nor
hereafter.”
“But by the ghost of John C. Calhoun, don’t you see that I’m losing
the chance of my life in my own profession? There’s a story in this
that would put me to the top and carry me right into New York,” and
Collins glanced about for his suit-case, as though meditating flight.
“Your appointment has gone into effect,” said Ardmore with finality,
“and if you bolt you will be caught and made to walk the plank. And
so far as your future is concerned, you shall have a newspaper of
your own anywhere you please as soon as this war is over.”
The three men adjourned to the caboose where Ardmore told Collins
all that it seemed necessary for the newspaper man to know; and
within half an hour the new recruit had entered thoroughly into the
spirit of the adventure, though his mirth occasionally got the better of
him, and he bowed his head in his hands and surrendered himself to
laughter. Thereafter, until the six o’clock supper was ready, he kept
the operator occupied. He sent to the Palladium a thoroughly
plausible story, giving prominence to the Appleweight case and
laying stress on Governor Dangerfield’s vigorous personality and
high sense of official responsibility. He sent queries to leading
journals everywhere, offering exclusive news of the rumoured
disappearance of North Carolina’s governor. His campaign of
publicity for the state administration was broadly planned, though he
was losing a great opportunity to beat the world with a stunning story
of the amazing nerve with which Ardmore, the young millionaire, had
assumed the duties of governor of North Carolina in the
unaccountable absence of Governor Dangerfield from his capital.
The whole thing was almost too good to be true, and Collins put
away the idea of flight only upon realizing the joyous possibilities of
sharing, no matter how humbly, in the fate of an administration which
was fashioning the drollest of card-houses. He did not know, and
was not to know until long afterwards, just how the young master of
Ardsley had leaped into the breach; but Ardmore was an
extraordinary person, whose whims set him quite apart from other
men, and while, even if he escaped being shot, the present
enterprise would undoubtedly lead to a long term in jail, Collins had
committed himself to Ardmore’s cause and would be faithful to it, no
matter what happened.
Ardmore took Collins more fully into his confidence during the
lingering twilight, and the reporter made many suggestions that were
of real value. Meanwhile Cooke’s men brought three horses from the
depths of the forest, and saddled them. Cooke entered the caboose
for a final conference with Ardmore and a last look at the maps.
“Too bad,” remarked the acting governor, “that we must wait until to-
morrow night to pick up the Appleweights, but our present business
is more important. It’s time to move, Cooke.”
They rode off in single file on the faintest of trails through the woods,
Cooke leading and Ardmore and Collins following immediately
behind him. The great host of summer stars thronged the sky, and
the moon sent its soft effulgence across the night. They presently
forded a noisy stream, and while they were seeking the trail again on
the farther side an owl hooted a thousand yards up the creek, and
while the line re-formed Cooke paused and listened. Then the owl’s
call was repeated farther off, and so faintly that Cooke alone heard it.
He laid his hand on Ardmore’s rein:
“There’s a foot-trail that leads along that creek, and it’s very rough
and difficult to follow. Half a mile from here there used to be a still,
run by one of the Appleweights. We smashed it once, but no doubt
they are operating again by this time. That hoot of the owl is a
warning common among the pickets put out by these people.
Wireless telegraphy isn’t in it with them. Every Appleweight within
twenty miles will know in half an hour how many there are of us and
just what direction we are taking. We must not come back here to-
night. We must put up on your place somewhere and let them think,
if they will, we are guests of yours out for an evening ride.”
“That’s all right. Unless we complete this job in about two days my
administration is a fizzle,” said Ardmore, as they resumed their