Advanced Diagnostic Measurements
Advanced Diagnostic Measurements
OMICRON, India Workshop on Advanced Diagnostic Measurement of Power Transformers, Sri Lanka
16th October 2012
Contents
Diverter switch
Tap selector
OLTC
Measurement of static resistance
+
the winding resistance
Voltage selector contact (new)
Voltage selector switch (in good condition)
285.00
280.00
275.00
270.00 KEMA
Resistance [m ]
265.00
OMICRON 1…21 Ref.
260.00 Temp.
OMICRON 21…1 Ref.
255.00 Temp.
250.00
245.00
240.00
235.00
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
Taps
Voltage selector contact (defective)
100MVA, 220kV/110kV
R L1 (referred to 20°C)
700.0
650.0
600.0
R L1 1974
m Ohm
R L1 20.2.02 1...19
RL1 20.2.02 19…1
550.0
500.0
450.0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Taps
Winding Resistance (after repair)
Resistance L1
650.0
630.0
610.0
Resistance [m
590.0
570.0 Factory Measurement
550.0 OMICRON 1…19
OMICRON 19…1
530.0
510.0
490.0
470.0
450.0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Taps
delta R
40.0
30.0
Resistance [m
20.0
10.0
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
-20.0
-30.0
Taps
6.0
4.0
Resistance [m
2.0
0.0
After repair
-2.0
-4.0
-6.0
1
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Taps
OLTC principle (1)
Tap Selector
Tap Selector
Commutating
Resistors
A B
Diverter
Diverter
Switch
Switch
OLTC principle (2)
Tap Selector
Commutating
Resistors
A B
Diverter
Switch
OLTC principle (3)
Tap Selector
Commutating
Resistors
A B
Diverter
Switch
OLTC principle (4)
Tap Selector
Commutating
Resistors
A B
Diverter
Switch
OLTC principle (5)
Tap Selector
Commutating
Resistors
A B
Diverter
Switch
OLTC principle (6)
Tap Selector
Commutating
Resistors
A B
Diverter
Switch
Transient Current during Switching Process
Second
transition
A resistor alone
Slope
3
1 Ripple
First
transition
resistor
Final end
position of the
4 diverter switch
2
Both
transition
resistors
2%
5%
1.5 % 4.5 %
1% 4%
0.5 % 3.5 %
0% 3%
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
A UP A DOWN B UP A UP A DOWN B UP
B DOWN C UP C DOWN
B DOWN C UP C DOWN
Diverter switch (slope)
Slope Slope
0.0A/s
-0.6A/s
-0.1A/s
-0.65A/s 0 5 10 15 20
A UP -0.7A/s
A UP
-0.2A/s
A DOWN -0.75A/s
A DOWN
B UP -0.8A/s
-0.3A/s B UP
B DOWN -0.85A/s
B DOWN
-0.4A/s C UP -0.9A/s
C DOWN
C UP
-0.95A/s
-0.5A/s C DOWN
-1.0A/s
-0.6A/s -1.05A/s
000 005 010 030 Taps
015 020 025 -1.1A/s
Taps
Aged Diverter switch
Leakage reactance +
Advanced Leakage Reactance measurements
Leakage Reactance
Forces
10/12/2012
LV Winding
Rsc Lsc
Stray Flux
220kV
HV Wicklung
Winding HV LV
Advanced Leakage Reactance
Template: TR Short Circuit Imp.
Version: 1.40
Factory Test with W-Meter 3 Phase Measurement
Uk [V] Ik [A] P [W] f [Hz] Z [OHM] Phi [°] R [OHM] X [OHM] L [H]
1479.40 8.89 6270 50 288.2335 74.02338 79.33485 277.1002 0.882037449
Phase A
Phase B
Phase C
Average Difference to Factory Test [%] -0.01986 -0.01082 0.028788 -0.02427 -0.02427155
Advanced Leakage Reactance
Zsc
Rac
R represents
dcrepresents
the losses
the resistance
of the
of theflux
stray windings
R
dc
Parallel Strands without twisting
B
HV Winding
Losses
by induced
currents
LV Winding
Parallel Strands with twisting
B
HV Winding
Continuously
Transposed
Conductors
Induced
currents are
compensated
LV Winding
Parallel Strands with short circuit
B
HV Winding
Additional
losses
by
induced
currents
R Winding is
LV Winding unchanged
Ratio is
unchanged
Case Study 1
Comparison of 3 phases
R(f)
4.5 Ohm
4.0 Ohm
3.5 Ohm
3.0 Ohm
A
2.5 Ohm
B
2.0 Ohm
C
1.5 Ohm
1.0 Ohm
0.5 Ohm
0.0 Ohm
0 100 200 300 400 500
Frequency (Hz)
Comparison of 3 phases
R(f)
300
250
mOhm
200 A
B
150 C
100
50
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Frequency [Hz]
Faulty Phase C
Case Study 2
SFRA measurement (2007)
10/12/2012
20
18
16
14
12
Phase A
R (f)
10 Phase B
Phase C
8
0
15.0Hz 30.0Hz 70.0Hz 100.0Hz 200.0Hz 400.0Hz
Frequency
Short circuit Inductance plot for FRSL measurement of Common winding (IV-N)
with tertiary winding terminal shorted.
FRSL result L(f)
IV-N
0.28
0.275
0.27
0.265
0.26 Phase A
L (f)
Phase B
0.255 Phase C
0.25
0.245
0.24
0.235
15.0Hz 30.0Hz 70.0Hz 100.0Hz 200.0Hz
Frequency
Short circuit Inductance plot for FRSL measurement of Common winding (IV-N)
with tertiary winding terminal shorted.
Faulty Phase A