SANDIP FOUNDATION'S

Project Synopsis
BE- Computer Engineering
Year 2022 - 2023
Course Code:

(2019-Pattern)

GROUP ID:

TEAM MEMBER’S : 1) Nishad Jangam(27)

2) Pritish Pawar(56)

3) Kartik Jaiswal(26)

4) Kapil Jaiswal(25)

PROJECT TITLE: Depression Detection by Analyzing Social Media posts of User

INTERNAL GUIDE: Prof. A.G.Nandre

PROJECT DOMAIN: Machine Learning , NLP , Artificial Intelligence ,Python.

PROBLEM STATEMENT:

Depression has been shown to affect the language of individuals. To develop a application
to analyze and detect depression of social media post of users by machine learning
techniques. This project aims to use natural language processing, machine learning
techniques, and neural network architectures to build, tune, and evaluate models that
classify social media Post of Users as "depressed" or "non-depressed.

ABSTRACT:
Nowadays the problem of early depression detection is one of the most important in the
field of psychology. Mental health issues are widely accepted as one of the most prominent
health challenges in the world, with over 300 million people currently suffering from
depression alone. With massive volumes of user-generated data on social networking
platforms, researchers are increasingly using machine learning to determine whether this
content can be used to detect mental health problems in users. Depression is a disorder
that has been an excellent concern in our society and has been continuously a hot topic for
researchers in the world. Despite the massive quantity of analysis on understanding
individual moods together with depression, anxiety, and stress-supported activity logs
collected by pervasive computing devices like smartphones, foretelling depressed moods
continues to be an open question. Social networks analysis is widely applied to address this
problem. In this paper, we have proposed a depression analysis and suicidal ideation
detection system, for predicting the suicidal acts that supported the extent of depression.
The present study aims to exploit machine learning techniques for detecting a probable
depressed Social Media user in his/her Posts. For this purpose, we trained and tested
classifiers to differentiate whether a user is depressed or not using features extracted from
his/her activities within the posts. classification machine algorithms are used to train and
classify it in Different stages of depression on a scale of 0-100%. Also, data were collected
in the form of posts and were classified into whether the one that tweeted is in depression
or not using classification algorithms of Machine Learning In this way Predictive approach
for early detection of depression or other mental illnesses. This study’s main contribution
is that the exploration a neighbourhood of the features and its impact on detecting
Depression levels. This study aims to develop a deep learning model to classify users with
depression via multiple instance learning, which can learn from user-level labels to identify
post-level labels. By combining every possibility of posts label category, it can generate
temporal posting profiles which can then be used to classify users with depression. This
paper shows that there are clear differences in posting patterns between users with
depression and non-depression, which is represented through the combined likelihood of
posts label category. In this research, machine learning is used to process the scrapped data
collected from social media users' posts. Natural Language Processing (NLP), classified
using BERT algorithm to detect depression potentially in a more convenient and efficient
way.
KEYWORDS:
Machine Learning, NLP, BERT Algorithm, Depression, Classification, Social Media Post.

INTRODUCTION:

Now a days the problem of early depression detection is one of the most important in the
field of psychology. Depression is additionally a typical mental issue. In today’s world, the
stresses of existence events in one’s life could increase potentialities of depression.Over
350 million people worldwide suffer from depression, which is about 5% of the total
population. Close to 800 000 people die due to suicide every year and it is statistically the
second leading cause of death among people in 15–29 years old. At the same time, the
major number of suicides associated with depression. Recent researches reveal that
depression is also the main cause of disability and a variety of somatic diseases.The
proliferations of internet and communication technologies, especially the online social
networks have rejuvenated how people interact and communicate with each other
electronically. The applications such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and alike not only host
the written and multimedia contents but also offer their users to express their feelings,
emotions and sentiments about a topic, subject or an issue online. On one hand, this is
great for users of social networking site to openly and freely contribute and respond to any
topic online; on the other hand, it creates opportunities for people working in the health
sector to get insight of what might be happening at mental state of someone who reacted
to a topic in a specific manner. In order to provide such insight, machine learning
techniques could potentially offer some unique features that can assist in examining the
unique patterns hidden in online communication and process them to reveal the mental
state (such as ‘happiness’, ‘sadness’, ‘anger’, ‘anxiety’, depression) among social networks’
users. Moreover, there is growing body of literature addressing the role of social networks
on the structure of social relationships such as breakup relationship, mental illness
(‘depression’, ‘anxiety’, ‘bipolar’ etc.), smoking and drinking relapse, sexual harassment and
for suicide ideation. Younger adults, racial/ethnic minorities, essential staff, and unpaid
adult caregivers reported having intimate disproportionately worse status outcomes, raised
substance use, and elevated unsafe cerebration. Youth is printed as age fifteen to twenty-
four years, and it includes middle and late adolescence. It’s characterized by current
changes in physical, psychological, and social dimensions. For healthy growth and
development, youth should have the simplest way of happiness, love, action, and
independence and to have a purpose in life. Throughout this organic process stage, many
sorts of behavior square measure developed which can cause either normalcy or status
malady.Depression can cause the affected person to suffer greatly and performance poorly
at work, at college and in social events. A despite what you nearly actually did recently on
your phone or laptop computer, it’s apparently that social media was concerned. Did you
catch up with friends on Facebook, post photos of your cat or video of your totter walking
for 1st time on Instagram? perhaps a Twitter link brought you here. These days folks tend to
specific their emotions, opinions associate degreed disclose their daily lives through an
enlargement of social media platforms like Twitter, Facebook and Instagram. These
expressions square measure generally through photos, videos and primarily through posts
.In this study, we aim to analyse Social Media Post to detect any factors that may reflect the
depression of relevant Social Media users. Various machine learning techniques are
employed for such purpose. Considering the key objective of this study, the following are
subsequent research challenges addressed in paper. We have a tendency to tend to tend to
aim to utilize machine learning techniques and algorithms for depression detection on
social media posts of users.

LITERATURE SURVEY

Instrumental possibilities of analyzing the behavior of users in social networks are actively
developing. In particular, methods of computational linguistics are successfully used in
analyzing the posts from social media.

1. A data-analytic-based model to detect depression of any human being is proposed in

the paper. The data is collected from the users’ posts of two popular social media
websites: Twitter and Facebook. In this research, machine learning is used to process
the scrapped data collected from SNS (Social Networking Sites) users. Natural
Language Processing (NLP), classified using Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Naïve
Bayes algorithm to detect depression potentially in a more convenient and efficient
way. [1]
2. The research employs Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques to develop a
depression detection algorithm for the Thai language on Facebook where people use
it as a tool for sharing opinions, feelings, and life events. [2]
3. The health tweets are analyzed for Depression, Anxiety from the mixed tweets by
using Multinomial Naive Bayes and Support Vector Regression (SVR) Algorithm as a
classifier in paper [3].
4. In the paper, researchers present how to find the depression level of a person by
observing and extracting emotions from the text, using emotion theories, machine
learning techniques, and natural language processing techniques on different social
media platforms. [4]
5. The paper aims to apply natural language processing on Twitter feeds for conducting
emotion analysis focusing on depression. Individual tweets are classified as neutral or
negative, based on a curated word list to detect depression tendencies. In the
 process of class prediction, a support vector machine and Naive-Bayes classifier have
been used. The results have been presented using the primary classification metrics
including F1-score, accuracy, and confusion matrix. [5]
6. The paper, proposes a depression analysis and suicidal ideation detection system, for
predicting suicidal acts based on the level of depression. Real-time data was collected
in the form of Tweets and Questionnaires. Then, classification machine algorithms
are used to train and classify it in five stages of depression depending on severity. [6]
7. Yates et al. used a neural network model to reveal the risks of self-harm and
depression based on posts from Reddit and Twitter and showed the high accuracy of
this diagnostic method. The authors indicate that proposed methods can be used for
large-scale studies of mental health as well as for clinical treatment [8]
8. O’Dea et al. examined that Twitter is progressively researched as a method for
recognizing psychological well-being status, including depression and suicidality in
the population. Their investigation revealed that it is conceivable to recognize the
level of worry among suicide-related tweets, utilizing both human coders and a
programmed machine classifier.[10]

There is a numerous and growing range of methodologies and techniques for detection
of the depression level from the posts on Social Media Networks. In our study, we
consolidate a technical description of techniques applied for depression identification
using the Natural Language Processing method classified using the BERT algorithm to
detect depression. The framework is comprised of Data pre-processing step, Feature
extraction step following the Machine Learning classifiers, Feature analysis of the data,
and Experimental results.

PROPOSED SYSTEM:

Depression is one of the most familiar reasons of losses many lives around the world.
Globally, more than 264 million people suffer from this mental health problem, according to
WHO. According to a survey done by WHO, between 76% to 85% of lower- and middle-
income groups don’t receive any treatment for depression.Depression,being the third-
highest global alarming disease and second, the prevalent disease after Alzheimer's is a
major concern for medical practitioners and researchers. Especially, unlike other physical
illnesses, people are generally reluctant to discuss any mental health problem like
depression. Even sometimes they are unaware or misinterprets about several physical
symptoms for depression. It has been observed that in present days people are comfortable
enough to share their emotions, feelings on social media platforms and this trend is
increasing as usage of social media has been increased. So, this powerful media can be
used as a tool of the detection or prevention of depression to save a life. Researchers are
already working in this area and after the huge revolution in the world of AI this research
has got a new dimension.

OBJECTIVES & GOALS

The objectives are as follows:

1. The system will continuously keep on monitoring the posts and chats of users. And if it
detects the negative thought kind of behavior then the system will automatically post
the positive post on his/her wall based on the level of depression.
2. Help the person to come out of depression.

FACILITIES REQUIRED FOR PROPOSED WORK:

Hardware:

1. Processor – i3 or futher
2. Hard Disk – 5 GB
3. Memory – 1GB RAM

Software:

1.Operating System :Windows XP and later versions

2.Front End :HTML,CSS

3. Programming Language: Python

4.Dataset: Social Media Post

5.Domain: Machine Learning & BERT Algorithm.

REFERENCES:
[1] N. A. Asad, M. A. Mahmud Pranto, S. Afreen and M. M. Islam, "Depression Detection by Analyzing Social Media Posts
of User," 2019 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Information, Communication & Systems (SPICSCON),
Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2019, pp. 13- 17, doi: 10.1109/SPICSCON48833.2019.9065101.

[2] K. Katchapakirin, K. Wongpatikaseree, P. Yomaboot and Y. Kaewpitakkun, "Facebook Social Media for Depression
Detection in the Thai Community," 2018 15th International Joint Conference on Computer Science and Software
Engineering (JCSSE), Nakhonpathom, 2018, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/JCSSE.2018.8457362.

[3] P. Arora and P. Arora, "Mining Twitter Data for Depression Detection," 2019 International Conference on Signal
Processing and Communication (ICSC), NOIDA, India, 2019, pp. 186-189, doi: 10.1109/ICSC45622.2019.8938353.

[4] A. U. Hassan, J. Hussain, M. Hussain, M. Sadiq and S. Lee, "Sentiment analysis of social networking sites (SNS) data
using machine learning approach for the measurement of depression," 2017 International Conference on Information
and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC), Jeju, 2017, pp. 138- 140, doi: 10.1109/ICTC.2017.8190959.

[5] M. Deshpande and V. Rao, "Depression detection using emotion artificial intelligence," 2017 International
Conference on Intelligent Sustainable Systems (ICISS), Palladam, 2017, pp. 858-862, doi: 10.1109/ISS1.2017.8389299.

[6] S. Jain, S. P. Narayan, R. K. Dewang, U. Bhartiya, N. Meena and V. Kumar, "A Machine Learning based Depression
Analysis and Suicidal Ideation Detection System using Questionnaires and Twitter," 2019 IEEE Students Conference on
Engineering and Systems (SCES), Allahabad, India, 2019, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/SCES46477.2019.8977211.

[7] B. Yalamanchili, N. S. Kota, M. S. Abbaraju, V. S. S. Nadella and S. V. Alluri, "Real-time Acoustic based Depression
Detection using Machine Learning Techniques," 2020 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Information
Technology and Engineering (ic-ETITE), Vellore, India, 2020, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/icETITE47903.2020.394.

[8]Yates, A., Cohan, A., and Goharian, N.: Depression and self-harm risk assessment in online forums. arXiv preprint
arXiv:1709.01848 (2017).

[9]Seabrook, E.M., Kern, M.L., Fulcher, B.D., and Rickard, N.S.: Predicting depression from language-based emotion
dynamics: longitudinal analysis of Facebook and Twitter status updates. Journal of Medical Internet Research 20 (5),
e168 (2018).

[10] O’Dea B, et al. Detecting suicidality on Twitter. Internet Interv. 2015;2(2):183–188.

doi: 10.1016/j.invent.2015.03.005.

[11] M. M. a. H. F. A. Aldarwish , "Predicting Depression Levels Using Social Media Posts.”," IEEE 13 th International
Symposium on Autonomous Decentralized System (ISADS), 2017, doi:10.1109/isads.2017.41., 2017

.[12] A. U. Hassan, "Sentiment Analysis of Social Networking Sites (SNS) Data Using Machine Learning Approach for the
Measurement of Depression," 2017 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology
Convergence (ICTC), 2017, doi:10.1109/ictc.2017.8190959.

[13] E. (. Alberta, "Review of the Beck Depression Inventory 2nd Edition (BDI-II), Canada.," Community- University
Partnership for the Study of Children, Youth, and Families.

[14] "Sentiment Dictionary Retrieved from,"

[Online].Available:https://sentiment.christopherpotts.net/lexicons.html#opinionlexicon.