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    GATE 2022 XL P Chemistry Syllabus

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    GATE 2022 XL P Chemistry Syllabus

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    GATE 2022 XL P Chemistry Syllabus

    Uploaded by

    jayesh Talmale

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    XL - P Chemistry (Compulsory for all XL candidates)

    Section 1: Atomic Structure and Periodicity


    Planck’s quantum theory, wave particle duality, uncertainty principle, comparison between Bohr’s model
    and quantum mechanical model of hydrogen atom, electronic configuration of atoms and ions. Hund’s
    rule and Pauli’s exclusion principle.

    Periodic table and periodic properties: ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity and atomic
    size.

    Section 2: Structure and Bonding


    Ionic and covalent bonding, MO and VB approaches for diatomic molecules, VSEPR theory and shape of
    molecules, hybridization, resonance, dipole moment, structure parameters such as bond length, bond
    angle and bond energy, hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions. Ionic solids, ionic radii and
    lattice energy (Born‐Haber cycle). HSAB principle.

    Section 3: s, p and d Block Elements

    Oxides, halides and hydrides of alkali, alkaline earth metals, B, Al, Si, N, P, and S. General characteristics of 3d
    elements. Coordination complexes: valence bond and crystal field theory, color, geometry, magnetic properties and
    isomerism.

    Section 4: Chemical Equilibria

    Osmotic pressure, elevation of boiling point and depression of freezing point, ionic equilibria in solution, solubility
    product, common ion effect, hydrolysis of salts, pH, buffer and their applications. Equilibrium constants (Kc, Kp
    and Kx) for homogeneous reactions.

    Section 5: Electrochemistry

    Conductance, Kohlrausch law, cell potentials, EMF, Nernst equation, thermodynamic aspects and their
    applications.
    Section 6: Reaction Kinetics

    Rate constant, order of reaction, molecularity, activation energy, zero, first and second order kinetics, catalysis
    and elementary enzyme reactions. Reversible and irreversible inhibition of enzymes.
    Section 7: Thermodynamics

    Qualitative treatment of state and path functions, First law, reversible and irreversible processes, internal energy,
    enthalpy, Kirchoff equation, heat of reaction, Hess’s law, heat of formation. Second law, entropy and free energy.
    Gibbs‐Helmholtz equation, free energy change and spontaneity, Free energy changes from equilibrium constant.

    Section 8: Structure-Reactivity Correlations and Organic Reaction Mechanisms


    Acids and bases, electronic and steric effects, Stereochemistry, optical and geometrical isomerism, tautomerism,
    conformers and concept of aromaticity. Elementary treatment of SN1, SN2, E1, E2 and radical reactions,
    Hoffmann/Saytzeff rules, addition reactions, Markownikoff rule and Kharasch effect. Elementary hydroboration
    reactions. Grignard’s reagents and their uses. Aromatic electrophilic substitutions, orientation effect as exemplified
    by various functional groups. Identification of common functional groups by chemical tests.

    Section 9: Chemistry of Biomolecules

    Amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids and nucleotides. Peptide sequencing by chemical and enzymatic proteolytic
    methods. DNA sequencing by chemical and enzymatic methods. Carbohydrates (upto hexoses only). Lipids
    (triglycerides only). Principles of biomolecule purificationIon exchange and gel filtration chromatography.
    Identification of these biomolecules and BeerLambert’s law.

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