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    John Rex Villanueva
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    Plant and Animal Cell

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    Plant and Animal Cell

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    5 views1 page

    Plant and Animal Cell

    Uploaded by

    John Rex Villanueva
    Plant and Animal Cell

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 1

    Plant and animal cells are the fundamental units of life in plants and animals, respectively.

    While
    they share many common features as eukaryotic cells, they also have distinct differences. Here’s
    a comparison of their structures and functions:

    Common Features in Both Plant and Animal Cells

    1. Nucleus: Contains genetic material (DNA) and controls cell activities.


    2. Cytoplasm: Jelly-like fluid where organelles are suspended and various cellular
    processes occur.
    3. Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane): Semi-permeable membrane that controls the
    movement of substances in and out of the cell.
    4. Mitochondria: Produces energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.
    5. Ribosomes: Synthesizes proteins.
    6. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER):
    o Rough ER: Studded with ribosomes; involved in protein synthesis and transport.
    o Smooth ER: Involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification processes.
    7. Golgi Apparatus: Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for storage or
    transport out of the cell.
    8. Lysosomes: Contains digestive enzymes to break down waste materials and cellular
    debris.
    9. Peroxisomes: Contains enzymes that detoxify harmful substances and break down fatty
    acids.
    10. Cytoskeleton: Provides structural support and aids in cell movement.

    Unique Features of Plant Cells

    1. Cell Wall: A rigid outer layer made of cellulose that provides structural support and
    protection.
    2. Chloroplasts: Contains chlorophyll and carries out photosynthesis to convert light
    energy into chemical energy (glucose).
    3. Central Vacuole: A large vacuole that stores water, nutrients, and waste products; helps
    maintain cell turgor pressure.

    Unique Features of Animal Cells

    1. Centrioles: Involved in cell division (mitosis and meiosis).


    2. Small Vacuoles: Numerous small vacuoles used for storage and transport within the cell.
    3. Cilia and Flagella: Extensions from the cell surface that aid in movement and sensory
    functions (not present in all animal cells).

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