Ratio & Proportion,

Topic/Course
Sub-Topic (Example: name of college)

Variation,
Simple Equations and
Problems on Ages
Ratio
Drill 1
 Question
The ratio of the number of cashew nuts and to that of grapes in a dry fruits
box is 5:9. If 10 cashew nuts are eaten, the ratio becomes 1:3. Find the
number of dry grapes in the box.
 Question
The ratio of the number of 50 paise coins and one rupee coins with Ramya
is 7 : 10. If the value of the 50 paise coins with her is Rs. 280, then what is
the number of one rupee coins with her?
 Question
If a : b = 3 : 5, b : c = 5 : 4, c : d = 2 : 3, find the ratio between a and d.
 Question
The ratio of the ages of Abishek, Bala, Chitra and Deepak is 8:10:7:9
respectively. The oldest person is 9 years older than the youngest person.
Find the age of Abishek.
Proportion
Drill 2
 Question
The ratio of ages of Bhavana and Gowtham is 2 : 3. Bhavana’s present
age is 24. If the ages of Bhavana, Gowtham and Chirag are in continued
proportion, find Chirag’s age?
 Question
What is the least number that must be subtracted from 18, 30 & 54 such
that the resultant numbers are in continued proportion?
Variation
Drill 3
 Question
The amount of water evaporating from a pond in a day is proportional to
the surface area of the pond. 70 litres of water evaporates in a day from a
pond of area 1250 m2. If 42 litres of water evaporates in a day from a pond,
what will be the area of that pond?
 Question
The mileage obtained by a car is directly proportional to the average speed
at which it is travelling and is inversely proportional to the passenger load.
The car gets a mileage of 20 kmph when it is travelling at a speed of 60
kmph and the passenger load is 150 kg. What will be the mileage when
the car is travelling at a speed of 70 kmph with a passenger load of 140
kg?
 Question
A diamond falls down and breaks into 3 pieces whose weights are in the
ratio 1 : 3 : 6. The value of a diamond is proportional to square of its
weight. If the original value was Rs. 30,000, then what is the loss in value
due to breakage?
Linear Equations
Drill 4
 Question
In a group of goats and ducks, the total number of legs is 10 more than
thrice the number of heads. If the number of goats and ducks put together
is 30, find the number of goats.
 Question
A railway half ticket costs half the full fare and the reservation charge
is the same on half ticket as on full ticket. One reserved first class ticket
from Chennai to Trivandrum costs Rs. 216 and one full and one half
reserved first class ticket cost Rs. 327. What is the reservation charge?
Problems on Ages
Drill 5
 Question
The ages of Arun and Bala are in the ratio 3 : 1. Fifteen years hence,
the ratio of their ages will be in the ratio 2 : 1. Find the present age of
Arun.
 Question
The sum of the present ages of a father and his son is 60 years. Six years
ago, the father’s age was five times the age of the son. After 6 years,
what will be the son’s age?
Concept Review Questions
 Question
21 pencils and 29 pens cost Rs. 79. But, if the number of pencils and pens
were interchanged, the cost would have reduced by Rs. 8. Find the cost of
each pen.

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
 Question
If 1½ years is added to 3/7th of the age of Ravi, it will be half of his
present age. What is his present age?

A) 14 years
B) 21 years
C) 28 years
D) None of these
 Question
One year ago, a father was 8 times as old as his son. Now, his age is the
square of his son’s age. Find the age of the father

A) 24
B) 49
C) 48
D) 25
 Question
The cost of registration at a professional association meeting was Rs. 50
per person. Lunch was provided to the participants at an additional cost of
Rs. 24. If the number of participants who paid for lunch was 100 more
than
the number who did not, and if receipts for registration and lunch totalled
Rs. 69400, how many people paid just for registration at the meeting?
A) 1100
B) 800
C) 500
D) 600
 Question
There are two examination rooms, A and B. If 10 students are sent from A
to B, then the number of students in each room is the same. If 20
candidates are sent from B to A, then the number of students in A is
double the number of students in B. The number of students in room A is

A) 40
B) 80
C) 100
D) None of these
 Question
The ratio of a father’s age to his son’s age is 4 : 1. The product of their ages
is 196. What will be the ratio of their ages after 5 years?

A) 3:2
B) 4 : 11
C) 11 : 4
D) 4:1
 Question
A bag contains Rs. 102 in the form of 1 rupee, 50 paise and 10 paise
coins in the ratio 3 : 4 : 10. What is the number of 10 paise coins?

A) 170
B) 160
C) 68
D) None of these
 Question
In a parking lot with only two and four wheelers, there are a certain
number of four wheelers and 28 two wheelers. What can be the possible
number of tyres in the parking lot?

A) 66
B) 62
C) 72
D) 82
 Question
If a carton containing a dozen mirrors is dropped, which of the following
cannot be the ratio of broken mirrors to unbroken mirrors?

A) 4:2
B) 3:1
C) 3:2
D) 7:5
 Question
A earns twice as much as B does but spends two and a half times of what
B does. If both of them save Rs. 2000 each, find A’s earning.

A) 12,000
B) 16,000
C) 8,000
D) None of these
 Question
A zookeeper counted the heads of the animals in a zoo and found it to be
80. When he counted the legs of the animals he found it to be 260. If the
zoo had only pigeons and horses, how many horses were there in the zoo?

A) 40
B) 30
C) 50
D) 60
 Question
Free notebooks were distributed equally among the children of a class.
The number of notebooks each child got was one-eighth of the number of
children. Had the number of children been half, each child would have got
16 notebooks. How many notebooks were distributed totally?

A) 512
B) 64
C) 1024
D) 8
 Question
Aldrin was to earn $ 300 and a free holiday for seven weeks’ work. He
worked for only 4 weeks and earned $ 30 and a free holiday. What was
the value of the holiday?

A) $ 90
B) $ 330
C) $ 270
D) Data insufficient
 Question
The force of attraction between 2 bodies varies inversely as the square of
distance between them. When two bodies are 2 feet apart, force of
attraction is 18 N. What is the force of attraction, when they are 3 feet
apart?

A) 9N
B) 8N
C) 40.5 N
D) 12 N
 Question
Jack bought 10 apples, 15 pears and Jill bought 20 apples and some pears.

Jack paid Rs. 20 for his purchase and Jill paid Rs. 40 for his purchase.
How many pears did Jill buy?

A) 45
B) 30
C) 15
D) Cannot be determined
Practice Exercise
 Question
Some tickets of a show are sold at Rs. 10 per ticket and the other tickets at
Rs. 8 per ticket. In all, 105 tickets were sold. If the amount collected on a
day was Rs. 922, find the number of tickets sold at Rs. 10.

A) 43
B) 41
C) 42
D) 34
 Question
In a CAT examination, a student scores 3 marks for every correct answer
and loses 1 mark for every wrong answer. A student attempts all the 60
questions and scores 140 marks. What is the number of questions that he
answered correctly?

A) 48
B) 46
C) 50
D) None of these
 Question
The ratio of present ages of father and son is 4 : 1. The father was 36
years old when his daughter, who is 6 years younger to his son, was born.
Find the present ages in years of the father and the son.

A) 8, 12
B) 32, 8
C) 40, 10
D) 60, 15
 Question
The ratio of number of boys to that of girls in a college is 7 : 8. If the
percentage increase in the number of boys and girls is 20% and 10%
respectively, then what will be the new ratio?

A) 21 : 22
B) 22 : 21
C) 20 : 19
D) 19 : 20
 Question
To fill a tank, 25 buckets of water are required. How many buckets of
water will be required to fill the same tank if the capacity of the bucket is
reduced to two-fifth of its present?

A) 10
B) 35
C) 125
D) 62.5
 Question
The system of equations 3X + Y – 1 = 0 and 6X + 2Y – 2 = 0

A) has X = 1 and Y = 2 as solution

B) has X = -1 and Y = -2 as solution
C) does not have a solution
D) has infinitely many solutions
 Question
At a dinner party every two guests used a bowl of rice between them,
every three guests used a bowl of dal among them and every four used a
bowl of meat between them. There were altogether 65 dishes. How many
guests were present at the party?

A) 60
B) 65
C) 90
D) None of the above
 Question
In a two-digit number, if it is known that its unit’s digit exceeds its ten’s
digit by 2 and that the product of the given number and the sum of its
digits is equal to 144, then the number is:

A) 24
B) 26
C) 42
D) 46
 Question
My father and mother have three children (two sons and a daughter). My
brother is 3 years elder to me. My father was 28 years of age when my
sister was born while my mother was 26 years of age when I was born. If
my sister was 4 years of age when my brother was born, then what was
the age my father and mother respectively when my brother was born.
A) 32 yrs, 23 yrs
B) 32 yrs, 29 yrs
C) 35 yrs, 29 yrs
D) 35 yrs, 33 yrs
 Question
The present ages of Daniel and Rajiv are in the ratio of 2 : 3 respectively.
Four years ago, the ratio of their ages was 1 : 2. Four years hence, the ratio
of their ages will become?

A) 5:6
B) 1:3
C) 3:4
D) Cannot be determined
 Question
A father said to his son, “I was as old as you are at present, at the time of
your birth”. If the father’s age after 10 years will be 50 years then the son’s
age is

A) 15 yrs
B) 18 yrs
C) 20 yrs
D) 21 yrs
 Question
In the convocation program of a college, the students of a class arrange
themselves for a Photograph in such a way that each row of students
above the bottom row contains one student less than the row just below it.
If there are 5 rows in all and a total of 75 students in the class, how many
students does the bottom row contain?
A) 14
B) 15
C) 16
D) 17
 Question
Dravid gets on the elevator at the 24th floor of a building and rides up at
the rate of 40 floors per minute. At the same time, Rahul gets on an
elevator at the 54th floor of the same building and rides down at the rate
of 20 floors per minute. If they continue travelling at these rates, then at
which floor will their paths cross?
A) 34
B) 44
C) 54
D) 37
 Question
Sabarmati is as much younger than Rani as Sabarmati is older than Sneha.
If the sum of the ages of Rani and Sneha is 64 years, then what is
Sabarmati’s age?

A) 44 yrs
B) 32 yrs
C) 20 yrs
D) Data inadequate
 Question
Sixteen candies are to be distributed among four boys Anish, Dinesh,
Mohan and Poovaraghavan such that each boy receives at least one candy
and no two boys receive the same number of candies. Poovaraghavan
should receive 4 more candies than Dinesh. The number of candies
received by Dinesh should be less than that received by Anish but more
than that received by Mohan. If Anish receives the maximum number
of candies, then what is the number of candies that Anish can receive?
A) 7
B) 5
C) 10
D) 4
 Question
If 12 years is subtracted from the present age of a grandfather and the
remainder is divided by 13, then the age of his grandson is obtained. If the
grandson celebrated his first year birthday before 3 years, then find the
present age of the grandfather (in years).

A) 59
B) 64
C) 50
D) 65
 Question
If a : b = 2 : 5, then find (2a + b) : (a + 5b).

A) 9 : 25
B) 1:3
C) 2:5
D) 4: 25
 Question
Divide 1458 into two parts such that the two parts are in the ratio 2 : 7.

A) 324, 1134
B) 1296, 162
C) 486, 972
D) 810, 648
 Question
1040 litres of milk is divided in two parts in the ratio x : 21. If the first part
is 200 litres, find x.

A) 5
B) 4
C) 10
D) 8
 Question
Two numbers are in the ratio 7 : 9. If 12 is subtracted from each of them,
the ratio becomes 3 : 5. What is the product of the numbers?

A) 567
B) 343
C) 657
D) 546
 Question
What must be added to each term of the ratio 7 : 13 so that the ratio
becomes 2 : 3?

A) 5
B) 6
C) 4
D) 7
 Question
If W varies directly with F and when W = 24, F = 6. Find the value of W
when F = 10?.

A) 26
B) 38
C) 40
D) 32
 Question
On 1st January, 2008 the average age of a family of 5 people was ‘A’ years.
After 3 years a child was born in the family and one year after that the
average age was again found to be ‘A’ years. What is the value of ‘A’?
(Assume that there are no other deaths and births.)

A) 20
B) 15
C) 21
D) 19
 Question
Joseph’s father is 5 times older than Joseph and Joseph is twice as old as
his sister Alice. In two years time, the sum of their ages will be 58. How
old
is Joseph now?

A) 4
B) 9
C) 8
D) 12
 Question
A shopkeeper likes to arrange and rearrange her collection of flowers. She
arranges them sometimes in pairs, sometimes in bundles of three,
sometimes in bundles of fours, occasionally in bundles of fives and sixes.
Every time she‘s left with one flower in hand after arranging them in
bundles. But if she arranges in the bundle of seven, she’s not left with any
flower. What is the least number of flowers she must have for that to be
possible?
A) 288
B) 298
C) 301
D) 303
 Question
A man went to the market to buy fruits. He bought apples, mangoes and
dates. The ratio of the weight of apples to that of mangoes bought is same
as the ratio of the weight of mangoes to that of dates bought. If he bought
7.2 kg of apples and 5 kg of dates, find the weight of mangoes bought.

A) 6
B) 3
C) 5
D) 4
 Question
A boy 1.4 m tall casts a shadow 1.2 m long at the time when a building
casts a shadow 5.4 m long. What is the height of the building?

A) 6.3
B) 6.8
C) 6
D) 7
 Question
Find the present age of a woman, whose age 15 years ago was equal to
the sum of the ages that her two children will be 15 years from now. The
younger child, 5 years from now, will be 17 and the elder 12 years ago
was double the age of the younger 3 year ago.

A) 80 yrs
B) 87 yrs
C) 75 yrs
D) 70 yrs
 Question
The owner of a local jewel store hired 3 watchmen to guard his diamonds
but a thief still got in and stole some diamonds. On the way out, the thief
met all the watchmen, one at a time. To each of then, he gave half of
the diamonds he had then, and 2 more besides. He escaped with one
diamond. How many did he steal originally?
A) 40
B) 36
C) 32
D) 38
 Question
Two balls have their radii in the ratio of 1 : 3. What is the ratio of their
volumes?

A) 1 : 27
B) 1 : 18
C) 2 : 27
D) 1 : 24
Self Assessment and Test Analysis
 Question
There are a certain number of bees in a garden. One fifth of them were
attracted to a particular flower. A third of them were attracted to another
flower. Three times the difference between the number of bees that went
to the first and the second flower went to a third flower. One lone bee
was roaming around. How many bees were attracted to the flowers?
A) 17
B) 25
C) 14
D) 15
 Question
If 0.75 : x : 5 : 8, then x is equal to:

A) 1.12
B) 1.2
C) 1.25
D) 1.15
 Question
Two trains running in opposite directions cross a man standing on the
platform in 25 seconds and 15 seconds respectively and they cross each
other in 18 seconds. The ratio of their speeds is:

A) 1:3
B) 3:5
C) 3:7
D) 5:3
 Question
If x + y = 1, then what is the value of (x3 + y3 + 3xy)?

A) 1
B) 3
C) 9
D) -1
 Question
Ravi distributed the chocolates with him equally between Rajesh and
Suresh. He was left with one chocolate. Rajesh distributed his share
equally among three of his friends and was also left with a chocolate. One
of the three distributed his share equally among four of his friends and
was left with no chocolate. Which of the following could be the number of
chocolates that Rajesh received?
A) 22
B) 34
C) 49
D) 53
 Question
The cost of diamond varies directly as the square of its weight. Once,
this diamond broke into four pieces with weights in the ratio 1:2:3:4.
When the pieces were sold, the merchant got Rs. 70,000 less than what
he would have got for the original diamond. Find the original price of
the diamond?
A) Rs. 30,000
B) Rs. 1,00,000
C) Rs. 2,00,000
D) Rs. 1,30,000
 Question
In covering a distance, the speeds of A & B are in the ratio of 5 : 4. A
takes 30 minutes less than B to reach the destination. The time taken
by A to reach the destination is

A) 0.5 hr
B) 2.5 hrs
C) 2 hrs
D) Data Inadequate
 Question
A student gets an aggregate of 60% marks in five subjects, in the ratio
10 : 9 : 8 : 7 : 6. The pass marks is 50% of the maximum marks for all
the subjects. If each subject has the same maximum marks, in how many
subjects did he pass the examination?

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) Cannot be determined
 Question
A Milky bar chocolate costs Rs. 5, Diary milk costs Rs. 6 and a coffee
bite costs Rs. 3. If Bharathi plans to buy atleast one chocolate of each
type and a distinct number of chocolates in each category, then what
can be the maximum number of chocolates she can buy for Rs. 82?

A) 22
B) 3
C) 25
D) 27
 Question
Sanjeev has exactly eight sealed boxes containing 24, 34, 19, 36, 72 20,
16 and 18 coins. Out of the eight boxes with Sanjeev, there are exactly
seven boxes that contained silver coins whereas one box contained gold
coins. He distributed all the eight boxes among his three sons in such a
manner that his eldest son got the only box with gold coins and the other
boxes were distributed in such a manner so that the other two brothers
received the silver coins in the ratio of 2 : 1 & also no coin has been taken
out of the boxes. How many gold coins were there in one of the boxes with
A) 20
Sanjeev?
B) 19
C) 16
D) Cannot be determined
THANK YOU