CHAPTER 5: LIGHT 5.1 REFLECTION OF LIGHT 1.

Diagram 1 shows light rays parallel with the principal axis directed to a concave mirror.

(a)

Diagram 1 Complete the sentence below by ticking (x) the correct box. The light rays reflected by the mirror will: Converge at a point F ......... Diverge from a point F ......... [1 mark] Complete the ray diagram on Diagram 1 and mark F on the principle axis. [1 mark] What is the characteristics of image formed by the mirror in Diagram 1? .......................................................... [2 marks] An object is placed at a distance,u from a concave mirror, M. The table shows the characteristics of image, when the distance u is varied. Name the light phenomenon involved to form the image by the mirror. ______________

(b) (c)

2. a.

b. c. d. e. (i) 3.

Using the information in the table, determine the focal length of the mirror M. . [1 mark] Give the reason for your answer in (b). . [1 mark] Complete the table. An object is placed at a distance 50 cm from the concave mirror M. Draw a ray diagram in the space below to show the formation of the image. Diagram 1 shows the side mirrors of a car which helps the driver to see objects behind the car more effectively.

(a) (b)

State the type of mirror used. ................................................................................................. [1 mark] Give one reason why this type of mirror is used instead of a plane mirror. ................................................................................................................................................ [1 mark]

(c)

In Diagram 2, F is the focal point and C is the centre of curvature of a convex mirror.

(i) (ii)

Complete the ray diagram in Diagram 2 to show the position of the image formed. [ 2 marks] State two characteristics of the image formed. ................................................................................................................................... [2 marks]

4. Diagram 3.1 shows a mirror at the corner of a shop.

(a) (b) (c)

Diagram 3.1 Name the type of mirror shown in Diagram 3.1. .................................................................... [1 mark] Name one characteristic of the image formed by the mirror. ................................................. [1 mark] Sketch a ray diagram to show how the image is formed.

(d)

[3 marks] What is the advantage of using this type of mirror in the shop? ..................................................................................................................................................[1 mark]

5. Diagram 6.1 and 6.2 show a virtual image produced by a plane mirror and a convex mirror respectively.

(a) (b)

(c)

What is meant by virtual image? ..................................................................................................................................................[1 mark] Based on Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2, (i) compare the size of the image ..................................................................................................................................................[1 mark] (ii) state one other similarity of the image formed besides virtual. ..................................................................................................................................................[1 mark] In Diagram 6.3, draw a ray diagram to show how the image in Diagram 6.2 is formed. [1 mark ]

[3 marks] (d) Name the light phenomenon that occurs. .......................................................... (e) State one advantage of using convex mirror as the s a car. ............................................................... 6. Diagram 7.1 shows two cars, P and Q , travelling in the opposite directions, passing through a sharp band. A mirror is placed at X . DIAGAM 7.1 (a) Diagram 7.2 shows an incomplete ray diagram when a plane mirror is placed at X. .............................................. [1mark] side mirror of [1mark] DIAGRAM 7.2 (i) Complete the ray diagram in Diagram 7.2 (ii) State the light phenomenon involved in (a)(i). ................................................ (iii) Based on your answer in (a)(i), state the problem experienced by the driver in car P. .................................................... .................................................... (b) Diagram 7.3 shows an incomplete ray diagram when a curve mirror is placed at X to replace the plane mirror in Diagram 7.2. The curve mirror is used to overcome the problem that occur in (a)(iii). [2 marks] .......................................... [1 mark] .................... [1 mark] ur DIAGRAM 7.3 (i) Give the name of the curve mirror. .................................................... (ii) Complete the ray diagram in Diagram 7.3 (iii) Based on your how the curve mirror solved the problem in (a) (iii)? .................................................... (c) The characteristics of the image formed by the curved mirror in Figure 7.3 is diminished, virtual and upright. (i) What happen to the characteristics of the image when the focal length of the curved mirror is increased? ................................................. AGRAM [1 mark] [2 marks] answer in b(ii), [1 mark] [1 mark] FIZIKMOZAC 2010 (ii) Give the reason for your answer in (c)(i). ........................................ 5.2REFRACTION OF LIGHT 7. Diagram 2 shows a light ray passing through a glass prism. (a) Name the phenomenon involved ........................................................ (b) Why does the phenomenon in (a) occur. ........................................................ (c) What is the refraction angle? ....................................................... (d) Calculate the refractive index of

the glass prism. .................................................... [1 mark] involved. .................. [1 mark] ............................... [1 mark] [1 mark] [2 marks] 8. Question 3: Melaka 07 An observer is looking at a piece of coin at the bottom of a glass filled with water as shown in Diagram3. He found that the image of the coin is nearer to the surface of the water. (a) (i) State a characteristic of image in Diagram 3. ....................................................... (ii) Name the science phenomenon involve in the observation above. .................................................... (b) Explain why the image of th appears nearer to the surface of the water. .......................................................... .......................................................... s [1 mark] [1 mark] the coin [2 marks] FIZIKMOZAC 2010 (c) On Diagram 3, complete the ray diagram from the coin to the observers eye. 9. Question 5: Trengganu 08 Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show an identical pencil is immersed in the distilled water and sea water respectively. (a) Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2, (i) compare the bending of the pencil ...................................................... (ii) compare the density of distilled water and the sea water ................................................ (iii) state the relationship between the density of water with the bending of the pencil .................................................. (b) Based on Diagram 5.1, compare the size of the observed pencil inside and outside the distilled water ........................................................ iagram [2 marks] m [1 mark] [1 mark] tate [1 mark] .............................................. [1 mark] (c) Name the phenomenon shown in Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 ........................................................ (d) Underline the correct answer in the bracket to complete the se below. Phenomenon in (d) happens because of the change in (velocity, frequency) of the light. (e) Diagram 5.3 shows a coin in a beaker filled with water. In Diagram 5.3 , draw a ray diagram from a coin to the eye to show how the image of the coin is formed. 10.Question 5: SBP 08 Diagram 5.1 shows a student watching a container filled with water. He looks vertically down at an object placed at the bottom of the container. He notices that the object appears to be nearer to him than it really is. The water in the container is then replaced with liquid X which is denser than water and the students repeated his experiment.

[1 mark] sentence [1 mark] m ct FIZIKMOZAC 2010 He estimates the real and apparent depth of the water and liquid X respectively and plots a graph using his experimental results as shown in Diagram 5.2. a. Based on Diagram 5.2, compare the gradient of the graph. ............................................................. b. Compare the refractive index of water and liquid X. ............................................................. c. Relate the density of liquid with the refractive index. ............................................................. d. Calculate refractive index of the liquid X. e. Name the phenomenon involve. ............................................................. f. What happen to the wavelength of light as it leaves the water? ............................................................. y [1 mark] [1 mark] [1 mark] [2 marks] [1 mark] .................................... [1 mark] g. If the student repeated the experiment above using block, instead of water, compare the size of the image seeing from the glass block to that of water in Diagram 5.1 ............................................................. ............................................................. 11.Question 5: Kedah 09 Diagram 5.1 shows a ray of light entering from air into water. Diagram 5.2 shows a ray of light entering from air into glass. (a) (i) Compare the speed of light in water with the speed of light in air. ....................................................... f a glass [1 mark] [1 mark] FIZIKMOZAC 2010 (ii) Compare the speed of light in glass with the speed of light in air. .......................................................... [1 mark] (iii) State the relationship between the speed of light in a medium and the direction of bending of light in that medium. ...................................................... [1 mark] (iv) Name the phenomenon shown in Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 ...................................................... [1 mark] (b) Diagram 5.3 shows a point P at the bottom of a swimming pool appears to be at the point Q to the observer. (i) complete Diagram 5.3 by drawing light rays to show how the image of the point P is seen at Q. [2 marks] (ii) Calculate the refractive index of the water in the swimming pool.

[2 marks] 5.3 TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION 12.Question 4: MARA 09 Diagram 4.1 shows a light ray incident into a glass block. (e) (i) Based on Diagram 4.1, the angle of 42 is known as ........................ [1 mark] (ii) Calculate the refractive index for the glass block. [2 marks] (b) The light ray is adjusted so that the angle at M is now 48, as shown in Diagram 4.2. (i) On Diagram 4.2, complete the pathway for the light ray. [1 mark] (ii) Explain your answer in 4(b)(i). ................................................... [1 mark] FIZIKMOZAC 2010 (c) Diagram 4.3 shows a light ray propagating into a glass block. (i) On Diagram 4.3, complete the propagation of the light ray. (ii) What happens to the angle of refraction if a denser glass block is used? ................................................... 13.Question 4: Trengganu 07 Diagram 4.1 shows a ray of light travels from air to water. Diagram 4.2 shows a ray of light travels from air to a thick glass block. The refractive index of water and glass is 1.33 and 1.50 respectively (a) What is meant by refractive index? ..................................................................... (b) In Diagram 4.1, the ray in the water is bent toward normal at a certain angle. [1 mark] ................................... [1 mark] .2 . [1 mark] mal (i) In the glass block in Diagram 4.2, draw the refracted ray. (ii) Why the angle in the glass different from the water. ........................................................... ........................................................... (c) Diagram 4.3 shows a diamond with a carefully cut faces and give the diamond its sparkle. Diagram 4.4 shows entering light into the diamond (i) Complete the ray in Diagram 4.4. [ 1 mark (ii) Give one reason for your answer in (c) (i). .............................................................. .............................................................. (d) If the refractive index of a diamond is 2.40 calculate the critical angle of the diamond. [1 mark ] blocks ............................... [ 1 mark ] ] [ 1 mark ] [2 marks] FIZIKMOZAC 2010 14.Figure 5 shows two glass prisms with right angle are being used in a binocular. (i) On the diagram, complete the light ray until it reaches the observer. (ii) State the characteristic of the image in a binocular. _____________________________ (iii)Give advantages of using a binocular instead of a telescope.

_____________________________ ____________________________ 15.Question 2: Johor 08 Diagram 2.1 shows a driver that is driving under a hot sun, sees a pool of water appearing on the road ahead, but the pool of water disappears as the car approaches it. Diagram 2.1 ntil _____________________________ (a) Name this natural phenomenon as observed by the driver. .......................................................... (b) State the physics concept that is involved in this phenomenon. .......................................................... (c) (i) How is the density of the cool air compare to the density of the warm air? .................................................... (ii) When light rays propagates from a denser medium to a less dense medium, state what happen to the direction of the refracted rays. .................................................... (iii) Complete Diagram 2.2 to show the formation of the natural phenomenon as shown in Diagram 2.1. Diagram 2.2 he [1 mark] [1 mark] [1 mark] [1 mark] FIZIKMOZAC 2010 16.Figure 6 shows an optical fibre. It consists of two layers which are made of material P and Q. P and Q are of different optical densities. a. Name the light phenomena observed in optical fibre. ............................................................... b. Which material (i) is optically denser? __________________________ (ii) Has a higher refractive index? __________________________ (c) The refractive index of inner core Y is 2.10. Calculate the critical angle of the inner core Y. [2 (d) State one use of optical fibre in (i) medical field _____________________________ (ii)communication ____________________________ ____________________ marks ] 5.4 LENSES 17.Figure 1.1 shows an object X placed in front of a convex lens. (i) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image by the lens. (ii) State three characteristics of the image formed by the convex lens. (b) Figure 7.2 shows an object Y placed in front of a concave lens. (i) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image of the object Y by the lens. (ii) State three characteristics of the image formed by the concave lens. ________________________ of the object X ee FIZIKMOZAC 2010 18.Figure 2 shows two parallel light rays enter a convex lens and then converge at the other side of the lens. Figure 2

(a) Where is position of the object? ________________________ (b) State three characteristics of the image formed by the lens. ________________________ (c) What is the focal length of the lens? (d) An object with a height of 4 cm is placed at a distance 15 cm in front of the lens. Find (i) object distance (ii) height of the image (iii) characteristics of the image _____________________ Iv) A light bulb is put in front of the lens. Parallel light rays emerge from the lens. Where is the position of the light bulb? ________________________ on 19.Question 2: SBP 08 Diagram 2 shows an object is placed in front of a convex lens on the principal axis. F is the focal point of the lens. (a) What is meant by focal length? .......................................................... (b) Using the information in diagram 2,calculate the image distance. (c) (i) Complete the diagram 1 to determine the position of image form. (ii) State the characteristic of the image form. .................................................... [1 mark] [2 marks] [1 mark] [1 mark] FIZIKMOZAC 2010 20.Figure 3 shows a convex lens which has a focal length of 15.0 cm. An object is placed at a distance 20 cm in front of the lens. Figure 3 (a) (i) complete the ray diagram. Determine the position of the image. (ii)State the characteristics of the image. _______________________ (b) Calculate the image distance. (c) Find linear magnification of the image. (d) The convex lens is replaced by a concave lens which also has a focal length of 15 cm. State any changes in the characteristics of the image formed by the concave lens. ___________________________ 21.Question 6: Mid Melaka 09 Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2 show light rays from two identical objects passing through the convex lenses, M and N. Both of the lenses produce virtual images. F is the focal point of each lens. Diagram 6.1 Diagram 6.2 (a) What is meant by virtual image? [1 mark] (b) Observe Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2. State the difference between: (i) size of image produced by the lenses. .. [1 mark] (ii) the object distance ,u. .................................................... [1 mark]

(iii) the image distance , v. .. [1 mark] FIZIKMOZAC 2010 (c) State the relationship between the image size and the image distance of the lens ............................................................... (d) Based on the answers in 6 (b) and 6(c), write an equation to show the relationship between the magnification of the image, m object distance, u and the image distance, v. .. (e) Half of lens M in Diagram 6.1 is covered with a piece of black paper. (i) What happen to the image produced by lens M. (ii) Explain your answer in 6 (e) (i). 22.Question 8: Kelantan 08 Diagram 8 shows an object, O with height 2 cm placed on the left side of a convex lens X. The focal length of the convex lens is 10 cm. (a) In Diagram 8 draw the ray path from the object to form an image. [1 mark] te , [1 mark] [1 mark] [1 mark] ject [2 marks] (b) State the characteristics of the image formed. ............................................................ (c) If the object is placed at a distance 30 cm from the lens, calculate: (i) The image distance (ii) Linear magnification (d) You are given another convex lens, Y with focal length 50 cm. You are required to create a simple astronomical telescope using convex lenses X and Y. (i) Which lens is suitable to be objective lens and eyepiece? Objective lens:. Eyepiece lens: (ii) Give one reason to your answer in (d)(i) . (e) Draw the arrangement of the lenses and sketch the ray path from distance object using convex lenses X and Y to form a simple astronomical telescope. [1 mark] bject [2 marks] [1 mark] [2 marks] [1 mark] [3 marks] FIZIKMOZAC 2010 23.Conceptual: Kelantan 08 Diagram 9.2 and Diagram 9.3 show two rectangular glass blocks with different optical density and refractive in Ray of light is directed toward the glass blocks with the same angle of incidence 30. Based on Diagram 9.2 and 9.3, (i) Compare the densities of the glass blocks. (ii) Compare the refractive index of the glass blocks. (iii) Compare the angle of refraction of the glass blocks. (iv) Relate the angle of refraction, r and the density of the glass blocks. (v) Relate the angle of refraction, r and the refractive index of the glass blocks. [5 marks]

index. e 24.Conceptual : Perak 07 Diagram 9.1 shows a ray of light ray enter a rectangular glass block and Diagram 9.2 the light ray enter a prism at right angle. Both the block cause the light ray to change its direction. Diagram 9.1 Diagram 9.2 (i) Name the phenomena? (ii) With reference to diagram 9.1 and 9.2 compare the angles of the rays in both blocks . Relate all the angles in diagram 9.2 to show the relationship with refractive index of the glass block. State one condition for the above phenomena to occur. ram [ 1 mark] iagram [5 marks] FIZIKMOZAC 2010 25.Conceptual: Johor 08 Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show a transparent block made of a material with a different refractive index. A light ray travel in both blocks with the same incident angle, i. (i) What is meant by a refractive index? (ii) Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the refractive index, refraction angle and critical angle between the two blocks. Base on Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, relate the refractive index with critical angle. 26.Conceptual: Melaka 08 Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show parallel light rays passing through convex lenses J and K. F is the principle focus and O is the optical centre . (i) What is meant by principle focus ? (ii) Based on Diagrams 9.1 and 9.2 , compare the thickness of the convex lenses J and K and the effect on the refracted light rays. State the rent [1 mark] [5 marks] [1 mark] cted relationship between the thickness of the lens and the focal length. 27.Conceptual: Melaka 08 Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 show light rays from two identical objects passing through a convex lens.Both situations produce real images. F is the focal point for the convex lens (i) What is meant by real image? (ii) Based on Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2, compare the object distance, the image distance a image. Relate the size of the image with the image distance to make a deduction regarding the relationship between the object distance and the size of the image. [5 marks] [1 mark] and the size of [5 marks] FIZIKMOZAC 2010 28.Conceptual: SBP 08 A student used a slide projector to view the image from the slide. When the slide is place nearer to the lens the sharp image form on the screen as shown in Diagram 9.1. When the slide is place further from the lens the sharp image form on the screen as shown in Diagram 9.2. Based on Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the object distance, the image distance and size of image that formed on the screen. Relate the object distance to the image distance and the object distance to the size of image that formed on the screen. [ 5 marks 29.Understanding: SBP 08 Diagram 10.3 shows a dentist used a mirror to examine a tooth of a Diagram 10.3 agram ] patient.

(i) State the type of mirror used by the dentist. (ii) Draw the ray diagram to show the characteristic of image seen by dentist. 30.Understanding: Melaka 08 Describe how you estimate the focal length of a convex lens. 31.Understanding: Kelantan 08 Diagram 9.1 shows a ray of light directed perpendicularly at a side of the semi circular glass block. The ray passes through the glass block to a point O before leaving the glass block. The angle of incidence in the glass block is 30. (a) What is meant by angle of incidence? (b) Explain how total internal reflection occurs in Diagram 9.1 above. [1 mark] racteristic the [3 marks] [4 marks] dence [1 mark] [4 marks] FIZIKMOZAC 2010 32. Understanding: Johor 08 (i) State two conditions under which light ray would undergo total internal reflection. (ii) Diagram 9.3 shows a light ray is incident on a piece of Crown Glass of critical angle 42. Draw the light ray to show how a ray emerging from the Crown Glass 33.Understanding: SBP 08 While driving a car on a hot day, you may see a mirage on the road. Explain how mirage occurred. [ 4 marks 34.Understanding: Perak 07 Explain why a fish in a pond able to see objects around him although there are obstacles. [2 marks] [2 marks] ng ] [4 marks] 35.Understanding: Kedah 07 With the help of a diagram, explain the working principle of an optical fibre. 36.Understanding: MRSM 07 Figure 11.1 shows the top view position of a car driver, the cars side mirror and the front of a lorry which is the car. (i) Name the type of mirror used for the side mirror in Figure 11.1. (ii) Explain why the mirror in Figure 11.1 is used instead of other types of mirror. (iii) The focal length of the side mirror in Figure 11.1 is 5 cm. An object with a height of 3 cm is placed 6 cm in front of the mirror. Using a scale of 1:1, draw a ray diagram to show how the image of the object is formed. [4 marks] overtaking [1 mark] [3 marks] [2 marks] FIZIKMOZAC 2010 37.Understanding: Johor 07 Diagram 11.1 and Diagram 11.2 shows two incomplete periscopes R and S. Periscope R uses two plane mirrors to reflect the light. Periscope S uses two prisms to enable total internal reflection of light. (a)Which periscope produces clearer image? Give a reason for your choice. (b)Complete the diagrams belo show the positions of the plane mirrors in periscope R and the prisms in periscope S. Draw the ray diagram to show the reflection of light in periscopes R and S. State a condition that enable total internal reflection of light in the prism of the periscope S.

al [2 marks] below to 38.Qualitative problem: Perak 07 You are given two right angles prisms to build a periscope. (i) Explain how you are going to build a simple periscope [6 marks ] (ii) Suggest modification to be made to convert the periscope to binoculars 39.Qualitative problem: Johor 08 Diagram 9.4 shows the structure of an optical fibre used in telecommunications. Optical fibres are made of fine strands of glass. Each single glass fibre (inner core) is coated with a thin layer of another type of glass (outer cladding).You are required to give some suggestions in designing an optical fibre which can carry more information. Explain your suggestions base on the following aspects: [5 marks] n [ 4 marks ] arry FIZIKMOZAC 2010 (i) refractive index of the inner and outer glass (ii) the properties of material used for optical fibre (iii) the thickness of the glass [10 marks] 40.Qualitative problem: SBP 08 Diagram 9.5 shows a simple astronomical telescope. By using two prism and a telescope in Diagram 9.5, suggest modification that can be done to make a binocular. In your explanation, (i) draw the arrangement of the prisms and lenses draw ray diagram to explain how the image form (ii) state two advantages using binocular compared to telescope when observing far object on the ground. [ 10 marks 41.Qualitative problem: Melaka 08 You are given two convex lenses, R and S, with focal lengths of 40 cm respectively. Both the lenses are used to build a compound microscope. (i) Using the two lenses, explain how you would build a compound microscope. in ] and 10 cm [6 marks] (ii) Suggest a suitable optic modify the microscope you built in (c)(i) to produce brighter image. (iii) Suggest and explain a method to produce a bigger image in the compound microscope. 42.Making Decision: Johor 07 Diagram 11.3, 11.4 and 11.5 show the reflection of light by three types of mirrors As a scout, you intend to design a solar cooker that can be used to boil water using direct sun light. Diagram 11.6 shows three different design of the solar cooker. (a) Choose the most suitable design in Diagram11.6 that can boiled water in the shortest time and explain the suitability of the design. optical device to [2 marks] [2 marks] hows FIZIKMOZAC 2010 (b) Suggest and explain two ways to improve the design you c (a). (c) Give two reasons why the above solar cooker is said to be environmental friendly? (d) Give two reasons why the solar energy is not widely used? [10 43.Making Decision: Kedah 07

Table 11.1 shows 5 materials which can be used to make an optical fibre. (i) Write an equation for finding the refractive index of a material in term of velocity of light? (ii) You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the materials in Table 11.1 which could be used to make the optical fibre. Explain the suitability of each characteristic and hence, determine the most suitable material to be used to make the optical fibre. Give a reason for your c [10 chose in marks] inding [1 mark] choice. marks] 44.Making Decision: MRSM 07 You are asked to investigate the features of optical fibres for the design of an endoscope for medical imaging. Figure 11.2 below shows the parts of an optical fibre. PQ Refractive index of Outer core 1.5 1.6 Refractive Index of Inner Core 1.6 1.5 Flexibility High Low Diameter of fibre (mm) 1.00 1.00 (i) Based on the Table above, explain the suitable features of the fibres and then determine the most suitable optical fibre that can be used to design the endoscope. Give reasons for your choice. (ii) Figure 11.3 shows an endoscope. At the two ends of the endosc are two lenses. One is the objective lens, the other is the eye piece. RS

1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 High low 0.01 0.01 optical [8 marks] endoscope FIZIKMOZAC 2010 State the function of the two lenses. 45.Quantitative problem: MRSM 07 An object is placed 30 cm from a convex lens of focal length 10 cm. (i) Calculate the image distance (ii) Calculate the linear magnification for the image. 46.Quantitative problem: Kedah 07 Diagram 11.1 shows a coin at the bottom of a tall empty cup. Diagram 11.2 shows the coin at the bottom of the cup when the cup is filled with water Diagram 11.1 Diagram 11.2 (i) Compare the size of the coin in Diagram 11.1 and Diagram 11.2, as seen by an observer above the cup. State the phenomenon that caused the difference in size of the coin in seen in Diagram 11.1 and Diagram 11.2. [2 marks] ens [5 marks] [2 marks] (ii) The depth of water in Diagram 11.2 is 16 cm. Calculate the apparent depth of the coin when viewed dir from above by the observer. [Refractive index of water = (iii) Suggest one method that will make the coin appear nearer to the observer than in (b)(i). 47.Section B: Kelantan 09 Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show parallel rays are directed towards the lenses P and Q with focal point F. (a)What is meant by focal point? directly 3 4] [2 marks] [1 mark] [1 mark] FIZIKMOZAC 2010 (b)Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the thickness, the focal length and power of the lens. Relate the thickness of the lens with

the focal length to make a deduction regarding the relationship between thickness of the lens and the power of lens. (c) Diagram 9.3 shows lens P is used as a magnifying glass. (i) At which position the object should be placed so that lens P will acts as a magnifying glass? (ii) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image formed by lens P in Diagram 9.3 (d) Diagram 9.4 shows a compound microscope 1 [5 marks] [4 marks] Using an appropriate physics concept, suggest and explain suitable modifications or ways to enable the microscope to increase its efficien and to form a brighter and clear image. Your modification can be emphasized on the following aspects: - The selection of lens as objective lens and as an eyepiece - The position of the object - The position of the eyepiece lens - The distance between the objective lens and eyepiece - Condition of the place to store the microscope. 48.Section B: Melaka 09 Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show light rays travel from glass to air. The incidence rays travele are at different angle. The critical angle of the glass is 420. efficiency ective [10 marks] traveled into the glass FIZIKMOZAC 2010 (a) (i) What is meant by critical angle? [ 1 mark ] (ii) Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the size of the incident angles and the effect of these incident angles towards the propagation of light rays produced. Relate the size of the angle with the critical angle to make a deduction regarding the relationship to deduce a relevant physics concept. [5 marks ] (b) It is known that the sky is red during sunset and the

formation of rainbow on the sky always appeared after raining. Explain these phenomena. [4 marks ] (c) You are given two type of glass with different refractive index . Both glasses are used to build an optical fiber. The structure of this optical fiber is shown on Diagram 9.2. Diagram 9.2 (i) By combining the two types of glasses, explain how you are going to build the optical fiber in telecommunication and describe the working principle of the optical fiber. [6 marks] (ii) Suggest modification that needs to be done so that your optical fiber can be use in an endoscope for medical imaging. Your modification should base on the features of the optical fiber and the flexibility of the fiber optic. [4 marks]