CQM1H Programm Manual

SYSMAC CQM1H Series
CQM1H-CPUjj Programmable Controllers CQM1H-jjjjj Inner Boards Programming Manual

Revised May 2000
Notice:
OMRON products are manufactured for use according to proper procedures by a qualified operator and only for the purposes described in this manual. The following conventions are used to indicate and classify precautions in this manual. Always heed the information provided with them. Failure to heed precautions can result in injury to people or damage to property. !
DANGER
Indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
! WARNING
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury. Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in minor or moderate injury, or property damage.
! Caution
OMRON Product References

All OMRON products are capitalized in this manual. The word Unit is also capitalized when it refers to an OMRON product, regardless of whether or not it appears in the proper name of the product. The abbreviation Ch, which appears in some displays and on some OMRON products, often means word and is abbreviated Wd in documentation in this sense. The abbreviation PC means Programmable Controller and is not used as an abbreviation for anything else.
Visual Aids
The following headings appear in the left column of the manual to help you locate different types of information. Note Indicates information of particular interest for efficient and convenient operation of the product. 1, 2, 3... 1. Indicates lists of one sort or another, such as procedures, checklists, etc.
OMRON, 1999
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means, mechanical, electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of OMRON. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. Moreover, because OMRON is constantly striving to improve its high-quality products, the information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice. Every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this manual. Nevertheless, OMRON assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained in this publication.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRECAUTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1 Intended Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 General Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Operating Environment Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Application Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Conformance to EC Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
xiii
xiv xiv xiv xvi xvi xx
SECTION 1 PC Setup and Other Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-6 1-7 PC Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inner Board Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic PC Operation and I/O Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interrupt Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pulse Output Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Communications Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Calculating with Signed Binary Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
2 8 11 17 38 41 52
SECTION 2 Inner Boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-6 High-speed Counter Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pulse I/O Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Absolute Encoder Interface Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analog Setting Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analog I/O Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Serial Communications Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
57
58 81 115 128 129 134
SECTION 3 Memory Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3-7 3-8 3-9 3-10 3-11 Memory Area Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IR Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SR Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TR Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HR Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AR Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LR Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Timer/Counter Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DM Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EM Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using Memory Cassettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
137
138 140 152 155 155 155 163 163 164 165 165
SECTION 4 Ladder-diagram Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-1 4-2 4-3 4-4 4-5 4-6 4-7 4-8 Basic Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Instruction Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic Ladder Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Controlling Bit Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Work Bits (Internal Relays) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programming Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Program Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indirectly Addressing the DM and EM Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
171
172 172 173 193 195 197 199 199
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 5 Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5-1 5-2 5-3 5-4 5-5 5-6 5-7 5-8 5-9 5-10 5-11 5-12 5-13 5-14 5-15 5-16 5-17 5-18 5-19 5-20 5-21 5-22 5-23 5-24 5-25 5-26 5-27 5-28 5-29 5-30 5-31 Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Instruction Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data Areas, Definer Values, and Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Differentiated Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expansion Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coding Right-hand Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Instruction Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ladder Diagram Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bit Control Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NO OPERATION NOP(00) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . END END(01) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR IL(02) and ILC(03) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JUMP and JUMP END JMP(04) and JME(05) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . User Error Instructions: FAILURE ALARM AND RESET FAL(06) and SEVERE FAILURE ALARM FALS(07) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Step Instructions: STEP DEFINE and STEP STARTSTEP(08)/SNXT(09) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Timer and Counter Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shift Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data Movement Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Comparison Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conversion Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BCD Calculation Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Binary Calculation Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Special Math Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Floating-point Math Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Logic Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Increment/Decrement Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Subroutine Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Special Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Network Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Communications Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advanced I/O Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
201
205 205 205 207 207 209 212 217 218 222 222 222 224 225 226 228 254 262 273 284 310 321 332 340 365 368 370 372 398 408 417
SECTION 6 Host Link Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6-1 6-2 6-3 6-4 6-5 Host Link Command Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . End Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Communications Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Command and Response Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Host Link Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
431
432 433 435 437 441
SECTION 7 CPU Unit Operation and Processing Time . . . . . . . . . . .

7-1 7-2 7-3 CPU Unit Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Power Interruptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cycle Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
467
468 469 472
viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 8 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8-1 8-2 8-3 8-4 8-5 8-6 8-7 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programming Console Operation Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programming Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . User-defined Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Error Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Troubleshooting Flowcharts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
491
492 492 493 494 495 498 499
Appendices
A B C D E F G H Programming Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Error and Arithmetic Flag Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Memory Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using the Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I/O Assignment Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Program Coding Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . List of FAL Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Extended ASCII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507 513 517 535 537 539 543 545
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
547 563 571
ix
About this Manual:

This manual describes programming of the CQM1H Programmable Controller, including memory structure, memory contents, ladder programming instructions, etc., and includes the sections described below. Refer to the CQM1H Operation Manual for hardware information and Programming Console operating procedures. Please read this manual carefully and be sure you understand the information provided before attempting to program and operate the CQM1H. Section 1 explains the PC Setup and related PC functions, including interrupt processing and communications. The PC Setup can be used to control the operating parameters of the PC. Section 2 describes the Inner Boards that can be mounted in the CPU Unit to expand functionality. Refer to the Serial Communications Board Operation Manual (W365) for details on the Serial Communications Board. Only an outline of this Board is provided in Section 2. Section 3 describes the structure of the PCs memory areas, and explains how to use them. It also describes Memory Cassette operations used to transfer data between the CPU Unit and a Memory Cassette. Section 4 explains the basic steps and concepts involved in writing a basic ladder program. It introduces the instructions that are used to build the basic structure of the ladder program and control its execution. Section 5 individually describes the ladder-diagram programming instructions that can be used to program the CQM1H. Section 6 explains the methods and procedures for using Host Link commands, which can be used for host link communications via the PC ports. Section 7 explains the internal processing of the PCs, and the time required for processing and execution. Refer to this section to gain an understanding of the precise timing of PC operation. Section 8 describes how to diagnose and correct the hardware and software errors that can occur during PC operation. The following appendices are also provided: A Programming Instructions, B Error and Arithmetic Flag Operation, C Memory Areas, D Using the Clock, E I/O Assignment Sheet, F Program Coding Sheet, G List of FAL Numbers, and H Extended ASCII.
! WARNING Failure to read and understand the information provided in this manual may result in personal injury or death, damage to the product, or product failure. Please read each section in its entirety and be sure you understand the information provided in the section and related sections before attempting any of the procedures or operations given.
xi
PRECAUTIONS
This section provides general precautions for using the CQM1H-series Programmable Controllers (PCs) and related devices. The information contained in this section is important for the safe and reliable application of Programmable Controllers. You must read this section and understand the information contained before attempting to set up or operate a PC system. 1 Intended Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 General Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Operating Environment Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Application Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Conformance to EC Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1 Applicable Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2 Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3 Conformance to EC Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4 Relay Output Noise Reduction Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv xiv xiv xvi xvi xx xx xx xx xx
xiii
Safety Precautions
Intended Audience
This manual is intended for the following personnel, who must also have knowledge of electrical systems (an electrical engineer or the equivalent). Personnel in charge of installing FA systems. Personnel in charge of designing FA systems. Personnel in charge of managing FA systems and facilities.
General Precautions
The user must operate the product according to the performance specifications described in the operation manuals. Before using the product under conditions which are not described in the manual or applying the product to nuclear control systems, railroad systems, aviation systems, vehicles, combustion systems, medical equipment, amusement machines, safety equipment, and other systems, machines, and equipment that may have a serious influence on lives and property if used improperly, consult your OMRON representative. Make sure that the ratings and performance characteristics of the product are sufficient for the systems, machines, and equipment, and be sure to provide the systems, machines, and equipment with double safety mechanisms. This manual provides information for programming and operating the PC. Be sure to read this manual before attempting to use the PC and keep this manual close at hand for reference during operation. ! WARNING It is extremely important that a PC and all PC Units be used for the specified purpose and under the specified conditions, especially in applications that can directly or indirectly affect human life. You must consult with your OMRON representative before applying a PC System to the above-mentioned applications.
Safety Precautions
! WARNING The CPU Unit refreshes I/O even when the program is stopped (i.e., even in PROGRAM mode). Confirm safety thoroughly in advance before changing the status of any part of memory allocated to I/O Units, Dedicated I/O Units, or Inner Board. Any changes to the data allocated to any Unit may result in unexpected operation of the loads connected to the Unit. Any of the following operation may result in changes to memory status. Transferring I/O memory data to the CPU Unit from a Programming Device. Changing present values in memory from a Programming Device. Force-setting/-resetting bits from a Programming Device. Transferring I/O memory from a host computer or from another PC on a network. ! WARNING Do not attempt to take any Unit apart or touch the interior while the power is being supplied. Doing so may result in electric shock. ! WARNING Do not touch any of the terminals or terminal blocks while the power is being supplied. Doing so may result in electric shock. ! WARNING Provide safety measures in external circuits (i.e., not in the Programmable Controller), including the following items, in order to ensure safety in the system if an abnormality occurs due to malfunction of the PC or another external factor affecting the PC operation. Not doing so may result in serious accidents.
xiv
Safety Precautions
3
Emergency stop circuits, interlock circuits, limit circuits, and similar safety measures must be provided in external control circuits. The PC will turn OFF all outputs when its self-diagnosis function detects any error or when a severe failure alarm (FALS) instruction is executed. As a countermeasure for such errors, external safety measures must be provided to ensure safety in the system. The PC outputs may remain ON or OFF due to deposition or burning of the output relays or destruction of the output transistors. As a countermeasure for such problems, external safety measures must be provided to ensure safety in the system. When the 24-VDC output (service power supply to the PC) is overloaded or short-circuited, the voltage may drop and result in the outputs being turned OFF. As a countermeasure for such problems, external safety measures must be provided to ensure safety in the system.
! WARNING Do not attempt to disassemble, repair, or modify any Units. Any attempt to do so may result in malfunction, fire, or electric shock. ! WARNING Do not touch the Power Supply Unit while power is being supplied or immediately after power has been turned OFF. Doing so may result in burns. ! Caution Execute online edit only after confirming that no adverse effects will be caused by extending the cycle time. Otherwise, the input signals may not be readable. Confirm safety at the destination node before transferring a program to another node or changing contents of the I/O memory area. Doing either of these without confirming safety may result in injury. Tighten the screws on the terminal block of the AC Power Supply Unit to the torque specified in the operation manual. The loose screws may result in burning or malfunction.
! Caution
! Caution
xv
Application Precautions
Operating Environment Precautions

! Caution Do not operate the control system in the following locations: Locations subject to direct sunlight. Locations subject to temperatures or humidity outside the range specified in the specifications. Locations subject to condensation as the result of severe changes in temperature. Locations subject to corrosive or flammable gases. Locations subject to dust (especially iron dust) or salts. Locations subject to exposure to water, oil, or chemicals. Locations subject to shock or vibration. ! Caution Take appropriate and sufficient countermeasures when installing systems in the following locations: Locations subject to static electricity or other forms of noise. Locations subject to strong electromagnetic fields. Locations subject to possible exposure to radioactivity. Locations close to power supplies. ! Caution The operating environment of the PC System can have a large effect on the longevity and reliability of the system. Improper operating environments can lead to malfunction, failure, and other unforeseeable problems with the PC System. Be sure that the operating environment is within the specified conditions at installation and remains within the specified conditions during the life of the system.
Observe the following precautions when using the PC System. ! WARNING Always heed these precautions. Failure to observe the following precautions could lead to serious or possibly fatal injury. Always ground the system to 100 or less when installing the Units. Not connecting to a ground of 100 or less may result in electric shock. Always turn OFF the power supply to the PC before attempting any of the following. Not turning OFF the power supply may result in malfunction or electric shock. Assembling the Units. Connecting cables or wiring the system. Connecting or disconnecting the connectors. Setting DIP switches. Replacing the battery. ! Caution Failure to observe the following precautions could lead to faulty operation of the PC or the system, or could damage the PC or PC Units. Always heed these precautions. Fail-safe measures must be taken by the customer to ensure safety in the event of incorrect, missing, or abnormal signals caused by broken signal lines, momentary power interruptions, or other causes.
xvi
5
Fail-safe measures must be taken by the customer to ensure safety in the event that outputs from Output Units remain ON as a result of internal circuit failures, which can occur in relays, transistors, and other elements. Always turn ON power to the PC before turning ON power to the control system. If the PC power supply is turned ON after the control power supply, temporary errors may result in control system signals because the output terminals on DC Output Units and other Units will momentarily turn ON when power is turned ON to the PC. Do not turn OFF the power supply to the PC when data is being transferred. In particular, do not turn OFF the power supply when reading or writing a Memory Card. Also, do not remove the Memory Card when the BUSY indicator is lit. To remove a Memory Card, first press the memory card power supply switch and then wait for the BUSY indicator to go out before removing the Memory Card. If the I/O Hold Bit (SR 25212) is turned ON, the outputs from the PC will not be turned OFF and will maintain their previous status when the PC is switched from RUN or MONITOR mode to PROGRAM mode. Make sure that the external loads will not produce dangerous conditions when this occurs. (When operation stops for a fatal error, including those produced with the FALS(07) instruction, all outputs from Output Unit will be turned OFF and only the internal output status will be maintained.) Install the Units properly as specified in the operation manuals. Improper installation of the Units may result in malfunction. Mount Units only after checking terminal blocks and connectors completely. When assembling the Units or mounting the end cover, be sure to lock them securely as shown in the following illustrations. If they are not properly locked, desired functionality may not be achieved. Be sure to mount the end cover to the rightmost Unit. Be sure that all the mounting screws, terminal screws, and cable connector screws are tightened to the torque specified in the relevant manuals. Incorrect tightening torque may result in malfunction. Be sure that the terminal blocks, Memory Units, expansion I/O cables, and other items with locking devices are properly locked into place. Improper locking may result in malfunction. Be sure to confirm the orientation and polarities when connecting terminal blocks and connectors. Leave the label attached to the Unit when wiring. Removing the label may result in malfunction if foreign matter enters the Unit. Remove the label after the completion of wiring to ensure proper heat dissipation. Leaving the label attached may result in malfunction. Wire all connections correctly. When supplying power at 200 to 240 V AC from a CQM1-PA216 Power Supply Unit, always remove the metal jumper from the voltage selector terminals. The product will be destroyed if 200 to 240 V AC is supplied while the metal jumper is attached. A ground of 100 or less must be installed when shorting the GR and LG terminals on the Power Supply Unit. Use crimp terminals for wiring. Do not connect bare stranded wires directly to terminals. Connection of bare stranded wires may result in burning. Do not apply voltages to the Input Units in excess of the rated input voltage. Excess voltages may result in burning. Do not apply voltages or connect loads to the Output Units in excess of the maximum switching capacity. Excess voltage or loads may result in burning.
xvii
5
Install external breakers and take other safety measures against short-circuiting in external wiring. Insufficient safety measures against short-circuiting may result in burning. Always use the power supply voltages specified in the operation manuals. An incorrect voltage may result in malfunction or burning. Take appropriate measures to ensure that the specified power with the rated voltage and frequency is supplied. Be particularly careful in places where the power supply is unstable. An incorrect power supply may result in malfunction. Disconnect the functional ground terminal when performing withstand voltage tests. Not disconnecting the functional ground terminal may result in burning. Check switch settings, the contents of the DM Area, and other preparations before starting operation. Starting operation without the proper settings or data may result in an unexpected operation. Check the user program for proper execution before actually running it on the Unit. Not checking the program may result in an unexpected operation. Double-check all wiring and switch settings before turning ON the power supply. Incorrect wiring may result in burning. Confirm that no adverse effect will occur in the system before attempting any of the following. Not doing so may result in an unexpected operation. Changing the operating mode of the PC. Force-setting/force-resetting any bit in memory. Changing the present value of any word or any set value in memory. Before touching a Unit, be sure to first touch a grounded metallic object in order to discharge any static build-up. Not doing so may result in malfunction or damage. Do not pull on the cables or bend the cables beyond their natural limit. Doing either of these may break the cables. Do not place objects on top of the cables or other wiring lines. Doing so may break the cables. Resume operation only after transferring to the new CPU Unit the contents of the DM Area, HR Area, and other data required for resuming operation. Not doing so may result in an unexpected operation. Do not short the battery terminals or charge, disassemble, heat, or incinerate the battery. Do not subject the battery to strong shocks. Doing any of these may result in leakage, rupture, heat generation, or ignition of the battery. Dispose of any battery that has been dropped on the floor or otherwise subjected to excessive shock. Batteries that have been subjected to shock may leak if they are used. UL standards required that batteries be replaced only by experienced technicians. Do not allow unqualified persons to replace batteries. When replacing parts, be sure to confirm that the rating of a new part is correct. Not doing so may result in malfunction or burning. When transporting or storing circuit boards, cover them in antistatic material to protect them from static electricity and maintain the proper storage temperature. Do not touch circuit boards or the components mounted to them with your bare hands. There are sharp leads and other parts on the boards that may cause injury if handled improperly. Before touching a Unit or Board, be sure to first touch a grounded metallic object to discharge any static build-up from your body. Not doing so may result in malfunction or damage. Provide sufficient clearances around the Unit and other devices to ensure proper heat dissipation. Do not cover the ventilation openings of the Unit.
xviii
5
For wiring, use crimp terminals of the appropriate size as specified in relevant manuals. Do not allow metallic objects or conductive wires to enter the Unit. Set the operating settings of the Temperature Controller properly according to the system to be controlled. Provide appropriate safety measures, such as overheat prevention and alarm systems, in separate circuits to ensure safety of the entire system even when the Temperature Controller malfunctions. Allow at least 10 minutes after turning ON the Temperature Controller as warmup time. Do not use thinner to clean the product. Use commercially available cleaning alcohol. Mount the I/O Control Unit on the right of the CPU Block. When using Expansion I/O Blocks, configure the system so that the current consumptions for the CPU Block and each of the Expansion I/O Blocks do not exceed the specified values, and that the total current consumption does not exceed the current capacity of the Power Supply Unit. Configure the system so that the number of Units in both the CPU Block and Expansion I/O Blocks do not exceed the maximum number of connectable Units for the Block.
xix
Conformance to EC Directives
6
6-1
Applicable Directives
EMC Directives Low Voltage Directive
6-2
Concepts
EMC Directives OMRON devices that comply with EC Directives also conform to the related EMC standards so that they can be more easily built into other devices or machines. The actual products have been checked for conformity to EMC standards (see the following note). Whether the products conform to the standards in the system used by the customer, however, must be checked by the customer. EMC-related performance of the OMRON devices that comply with EC Directives will vary depending on the configuration, wiring, and other conditions of the equipment or control panel in which the OMRON devices are installed. The customer must, therefore, perform final checks to confirm that devices and the overall machine conform to EMC standards. Note Applicable EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) standards are as follows: EMS (Electromagnetic Susceptibility): EN61131-2 EMI (Electromagnetic Interference): EN50081-2 (Radiated emission: 10-m regulations) Low Voltage Directive Always ensure that devices operating at voltages of 50 to 1,000 V AC or 75 to 1,500 V DC meet the required safety standards for the PC (EN61131-2).
6-3
The CQM1H-series PCs comply with EC Directives. To ensure that the machine or device in which a CQM1H-series PC is used complies with EC directives, the PC must be installed as follows: 1, 2, 3... 1. The PC must be installed within a control panel. 2. Reinforced insulation or double insulation must be used for the DC power supplies used for the communications and I/O power supplies. 3. PCs complying with EC Directives also conform to the Common Emission Standard (EN50081-2). When a PC is built into a machine, however, noise can be generated by switching devices using relay outputs and cause the overall machine to fail to meet the Standards. If this occurs, surge killers must be connected or other measures taken external to the PC. The following methods represent typical methods for reducing noise, and may not be sufficient in all cases. Required countermeasures will vary depending on the devices connected to the control panel, wiring, the configuration of the system, and other conditions.
6-4
Relay Output Noise Reduction Methods

The CQM1H-series PCs conforms to the Common Emission Standards (EN50081-2) of the EMC Directives. However, noise generated by relay output switching may not satisfy these Standards. In such a case, a noise filter must be connected to the load side or other appropriate countermeasures must be provided external to the PC. Countermeasures taken to satisfy the standards vary depending on the devices on the load side, wiring, configuration of machines, etc. Following are examples of countermeasures for reducing the generated noise.
xx
Conformance to EC Directives Countermeasures
Refer to EN50081-2 for more details. Countermeasures are not required if the frequency of load switching for the whole system including the PC is less than 5 times per minute. Countermeasures are required if the frequency of load switching for the whole system including the PC is 5 times or more per minute.
Countermeasure Examples
When switching an inductive load, connect a surge protector, diodes, etc., in parallel with the load or contact as shown below.
Circuit CR method Current AC Yes DC Yes If the load is a relay or solenoid, there is a time lag between the moment the circuit is opened and the moment the load is reset. If the supply voltage is 24 or 48 V, insert the surge protector in parallel with the load. If the supply voltage is 100 to 200 V, insert the surge protector between the contacts. The capacitance of the capacitor must be 1 to 0.5 F per contact current of 1 A and resistance of the resistor must be 0.5 to 1 per contact voltage of 1 V. These values, however, vary with the load and the characteristics of the relay. Decide these values from testing, and take into consideration that the capacitance suppresses spark discharge when the contacts are separated and the resistance limits the current that flows into the load when the circuit is closed again. The dielectric strength of the capacitor must be 200 to 300 V. If the circuit is an AC circuit, use a capacitor with no polarity. The reversed dielectric strength value of the diode must be at least 10 times as large as the circuit voltage value. The forward current of the diode must be the same as or larger than the load current. The reversed dielectric strength value of the diode may be two to three times larger than the supply voltage if the surge protector is applied to electronic circuits with low circuit voltages. --Characteristic Required element
Power supply
Diode method
Inductive load
Inductive load
No
Yes
Power supply
The diode connected in parallel with the load changes energy accumulated by the coil into a current, which then flows into the coil so that the current will be converted into Joule heat by the resistance of the inductive load. This time lag, between the moment the circuit is opened and the moment the load is reset, caused by this method is longer than that caused by the CR method.
Varistor method
Inductive load
Yes
Yes
Power supply
The varistor method prevents the imposition of high voltage between the contacts by using the constant voltage characteristic of the varistor. There is time lag between the moment the circuit is opened and the moment the load is reset. If the supply voltage is 24 or 48 V, insert the varistor in parallel with the load. If the supply voltage is 100 to 200 V, insert the varistor between the contacts.
xxi
When switching a load with a high inrush current such as an incandescent lamp, suppress the inrush current as shown below.
Countermeasure 1 OUT R COM Providing a dark current of approx. one-third of the rated value through an incandescent lamp COM Providing a limiting resistor Countermeasure 2 R OUT
xxii
SECTION 1 PC Setup and Other Features

This section explains the PC Setup and other CQM1H features, including interrupt processing and communications. The PC Setup can be used to control the operating parameters of the CQM1H. To change the PC Setup, refer to the CQM1H Operation Manual for Programming Console procedures. Refer to the CX-Programmer Operation Manual for CX-Programmer procedures. If you are not familiar with OMRON PCs or ladder programming, you can read 1-4 PC Setup as an overview of the operating parameters available for the CQM1H, but may then want to read Section 3 Memory Areas, Section 4 Ladder-diagram Programming, and related instructions in Section 5 Instruction Set before completing this section. 1-1 PC Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-1 Changing the PC Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-2 Serial Communications Board Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1-3 PC Setup Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inner Board Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2-1 Settings for a Serial Communications Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2-2 Settings for a High-speed Counter Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2-3 Settings for a Pulse I/O Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2-4 Settings for an Absolute Encoder Interface Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2-5 Settings for an Analog I/O Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic PC Operation and I/O Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3-1 Startup Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3-2 Hold Bit Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3-3 RS-232C Port Servicing Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3-4 Peripheral Port Servicing Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3-5 Minimum Cycle Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3-6 Input Time Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3-7 High-speed Timers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3-8 DSW(87) Input Digits and Output Refresh Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3-9 Peripheral Port Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3-10 Error Log Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Interrupt Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4-1 Types of Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4-2 Input Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4-3 Masking All Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4-4 Interval Timer Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4-5 High-speed Counter 0 Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4-6 High-speed Counter 0 Overflows/Underflows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pulse Output Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Communications Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6-1 Host Link and No-protocol Communications Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6-2 Host Link Communications Settings and Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6-3 No-protocol Communications Settings and Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6-4 One-to-one Data Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6-5 NT Link 1:1 Mode Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6-6 Wiring Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Calculating with Signed Binary Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7-1 Definition of Signed Binary Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7-2 Arithmetic Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7-3 Inputting Signed Binary Data Using Decimal Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7-4 Using Signed-binary Expansion Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7-5 Application Example Using Signed Binary Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2 3 4 8 8 9 10 10 11 11 11 12 12 13 13 13 14 15 15 16 17 17 19 26 27 29 37 38 41 43 45 47 50 51 52 52 52 53 53 54 55
1-2
1-3
1-4
1-5 1-6
1-7
PC Setup
Section
1-1
1-1
PC Setup
The PC Setup contains operating parameters that control CQM1H operation. To make the maximum use of CQM1H functionality when using interrupt processing and communications functions, the PC Setup may be customized according to operating conditions. The general PC Setup settings are contained in DM 6600 to DM 6655 and the Serial Communications Board settings are contained in DM 6550 to DM 6559. Strictly speaking, the Serial Communications Board settings are part of the readonly DM area, not the PC Setup, but they are included here because they are so similar to PC Setup settings. The PC Setup defaults are set for general operating conditions, so that the CQM1H can be used without having to change the settings. You are, however, advised to check the default values before attempting operation.
Default Values
The default values for the PC Setup are 0000 for all words. The default values for DM 6600 to DM 6655 can be reset at any time by turning ON SR 25210. ! Caution When data memory (DM) is cleared from a Programming Device, the PC Setup settings will also be cleared to all zeros.
1-1-1 Changing the PC Setup

PC Setup settings are read at various times depending on the setting, as described below. DM 6550 to DM 6559: DM 6600 to DM 6614: DM 6615 to DM 6644: DM 6645 to DM 6655: Read regularly when the power is ON. Read only when PCs power supply is turned ON. Read only when program execution begins. Read regularly when the power is ON.
Changes in the PC Setup become effective only at the times given above. The CQM1H will thus have to be restarted to make changes in DM 6600 to DM 6614 effective, and program execution will have to be restarted to make changes in DM 6615 to DM 6644 effective. Making Changes from a Programming Device The PC Setup can be read, but not written, from the user program. Writing can be done only by using a Programming Console or other Programming Device. DM 6600 to DM 6644 can be set or changed only while in PROGRAM mode. DM 6550 to DM 6559 and DM 6645 to DM 6655 can be set or changed while in either PROGRAM mode or MONITOR mode. Write-protecting the PC Setup After PC Setup settings have been made, pin 1 on the DIP switch on the front of the CPU Unit can be turned ON to prevent Programming Devices from overwriting the PC Setup. When pin 1 is ON, the user program, the read-only DM area (DM 6144 to DM 6568), and the PC Setup (DM 6600 to DM 6655) cannot be overwritten from a Programming Device. If an incorrect PC Setup setting is accessed, a non-fatal error (error code 9B) will be generated, the corresponding error flag will be turned ON, and the default setting will be used.
Function Turns ON when there is an error in DM 6600 to DM 6614 (read when the power is turned ON). Turns ON when there is an error in DM 6615 to DM 6644 (read at the beginning of operation). Turns ON when there is an error in DM 6645 to DM 6655 (read regularly when power is ON). An error code of 10 is written to this byte when there is an error in DM 6550 to DM 6559 (read regularly when power is ON).
Errors in the PC Setup
Flag(s) AR 2400 AR 2401 AR 2402 AR 0400 to AR 0407
PC Setup
Section
1-1
1-1-2 Serial Communications Board Settings

The following table shows the Serial Communications Board settings in the DM area. For details, refer to the Serial Communications Board Operation Manual.
Word(s) Bit(s) Function
Serial Communications Board Settings The following settings are effective after transfer to the PC. (The settings for port 2 are contained in words DM 6550 to DM 6554 and the settings for port 1 are contained in words DM 6555 to DM 6559.) DM 6550 (port 2) DM 6555 (port 1) 04 to 07 08 to 11 00 to 03 Port Settings 0: Standard (1 start bit, 7-bit data, even parity, 2 stop bits, 9,600 bps) 1: Settings in DM 6551 (DM 6556 for port 1) CTS Control Settings 0: Disable; 1: Set Link Words for 1:1 Data Link (when bits 12 to 15 are set to 3) 0: LR 00 to LR 63; 1: LR 00 to LR 31; 2: LR 00 to LR 15 Maximum Programmable Terminal unit number (when bits 12 to 15 are set to 5) 1 to 7 Communications Mode 0: Host Link; 1: No-protocol; 2: 1:1 Data Link Slave; 3: 1:1 Data Link Master; 4: NT Link in 1:1 Mode; 5: NT Link in 1:N Mode; 6: Protocol Macro Baud Rate 00: 1.2K, 01: 2.4K, 02: 4.8K, 03: 9.6K, 04: 19.2K Frame Format Start Length Stop Parity 00: 1 bit 7 bits 1 bit Even 01: 1 bit 7 bits 1 bit Odd 02: 1 bit 7 bits 1 bit None 03: 1 bit 7 bits 2 bit Even 04: 1 bit 7 bits 2 bit Odd 05: 1 bit 7 bits 2 bit None 06: 1 bit 8 bits 1 bit Even 07: 1 bit 8 bits 1 bit Odd 08: 1 bit 8 bits 1 bit None 09: 1 bit 8 bits 2 bit Even 10: 1 bit 8 bits 2 bit Odd 11: 1 bit 8 bits 2 bit None Transmission Delay (Host Link or No-protocol) 0000 to 9999 (BCD): Set in units of 10 ms, e.g., a setting of 0001 equals 10 ms
12 to 15
DM 6551 (port 2) DM 6556 (port 1)
00 to 07 08 to 15
DM 6552 (port 2) DM 6557 (port 1) DM 6553 (port 2) DM 6558 (port 1)
00 to 15
00 to 07 08 to 11 12 to 15
DM 6554 (port 2) DM 6559 (port 1)
00 to 07 08 to 15
Node Number (Host Link) 00 to 31 (BCD) Start Code Enable (No-protocol) 0: Disable; 1: Set End Code Enable (No-protocol) 0: Disable (number of bytes received) 1: Set (specified end code) 2: CR, LF Start Code (No-protocol) 00 to FF (hexadecimal) When bits 12 to 15 of DM 6553 or DM 6558 are set to 0: Number of Bytes Received 00: Default setting (256 bytes) 01 to FF: 1 to 255 bytes When bits 12 to 15 of DM 6553 or DM 6558 are set to 1: End Code (No-protocol) 00 to FF (hexadecimal)
PC Setup
Section
1-1
1-1-3 PC Setup Settings

The following table shows the PC Setup settings in order in the DM area. For details, refer to the page numbers shown.
Word(s) Bit(s) Function Page
Startup Processing (DM 6600 to DM 6614) The following settings are effective after transfer to the PC only after the PC is restarted. DM 6600 00 to 07 Startup Mode (effective when bits 08 to 15 are set to 02). 00: PROGRAM; 01: MONITOR 02: RUN 08 to 15 Startup Mode Designation 00: Depends on CPU Unit DIP switch pin 7 and Programming Console switch settings 01: Continue operating mode last used before power was turned OFF 02: Setting in DM 6600 bits 00 to 07 DM 6601 00 to 07 Not used. 08 to 11 I/O Hold Bit Status (SR 25212) 0: Reset; 1: Maintain 12 to 15 Forced Status Hold Bit Status (SR 25211) 0: Reset; 1: Maintain DM 6602 to 00 to 15 Inner Board Slot 1 Settings (See 1-2 Inner Board Settings for details.) DM 6603 DM 6604 to 00 to 15 Not used. DM 6610 DM 6611 to 00 to 15 Inner Board Slot 2 Settings (See 1-2 Inner Board Settings for details.) DM 6612 DM 6613 00 to 15 Servicing Time Setting for Serial Communications Board Port 2 DM 6614 00 to 15 Servicing Time Setting For Serial Communications Board Port 1 Pulse Output and Cycle Time Settings (DM 6615 to DM 6619) The following settings are effective after transfer to the PC the next time operation is started. DM 6615 00 to 07 Word for Pulse Output 00: IR 100; 01: IR101; 02: IR 102... 15: IR 115 Sets the word used for pulse output from an output on a Transistor Output Unit. Pulses can be output only from one output at a time. Not used. Set to 00. Servicing Time for RS-232C Port (when bits 08 to 15 are set to 01) 00 to 99 (BCD): Percentage of cycle time used to service RS-232C port. The servicing time must be between 0.256 ms and 65.536 ms. RS-232C Port Servicing Setting Enable 00: 5% of the cycle time 01: Use time in 00 to 07. (When the PC is stopped, the servicing time will always be 10 ms.) Servicing Time for Peripheral Port (when bits 08 to 15 are set to 01) 00 to 99 (BCD): Percentage of cycle time used to service peripheral port. The servicing time must be between 0.256 ms and 65.536 ms. Peripheral Port Servicing Setting Enable 00: 5% of the cycle time 01: Use time setting in bits 00 to 07. (When the PC is stopped, the servicing time will always be 10 ms.) Cycle Monitor Time (when bits 08 to 15 are set to 01, 02, or 03) 00 to 99 (BCD) setting units (See bits 08 to 15.) Cycle Monitor Enable 00: 120 ms (setting in bits 00 to 07 disabled) 01: Setting units: 10 ms 02: Setting units: 100 ms 03: Setting units: 1 s Cycle Time 0000: Variable (no minimum) 0001 to 9999 (BCD): Minimum cycle time in ms 12 40 11
12
8 8
08 to 15 DM 6616 00 to 07
08 to 15
DM 6617
00 to 07
13
08 to 15
DM 6618
00 to 07 08 to 15
16
DM 6619
00 to 15
13
PC Setup
Word(s) Bit(s) Function
Section
1-1
Page
Interrupt Processing (DM 6620 to DM 6639) The following settings are effective after transfer to the PC the next time operation is started. DM 6620 00 to 03 Input Time Constant for IR 00000 to IR 00007 0: 8 ms; 1: 1 ms; 2: 2 ms; 3: 4 ms; 4: 8 ms; 5: 16 ms; 6: 32 ms; 7: 64 ms; 8: 128 ms 04 to 07 Input Time Constant for IR 00008 to IR 00015 (Setting same as bits 00 to 03) 08 to 11 Input Time Constant for IR 001 (Setting same as bits 00 to 03) 12 to 15 Not used. Set to 0. DM 6621 00 to 07 Input Constant for IR 002 00: 8 ms; 01: 1 ms; 02: 2 ms; 03: 4 ms; 04: 8 ms; 05: 16 ms; 06: 32 ms; 07: 64 ms; 08: 128 ms DM 6622 DM 6623 DM 6624 DM 6625 DM 6626 DM 6627 DM 6628 08 to 15 00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 03 04 to 07 08 to 11 12 to 15 DM 6629 00 to 07 08 to 15 Input Constant for IR 003 (Setting same as for IR 002.) Input Constant for IR 004 (Setting same as for IR 002.) Input Constant for IR 005 (Setting same as for IR 002.) Input Constant for IR 006 (Setting same as for IR 002.) Input Constant for IR 007 (Setting same as for IR 002.) Input Constant for IR 008 (Setting same as for IR 002.) Input Constant for IR 009 (Setting same as for IR 002.) Input Constant for IR 010 (Setting same as for IR 002.) Input Constant for IR 011 (Setting same as for IR 002.) Input Constant for IR 012 (Setting same as for IR 002.) Input Constant for IR 013 (Setting same as for IR 002.) Input Constant for IR 014 (Setting same as for IR 002.) Input Constant for IR 015 (Setting same as for IR 002.) Interrupt Enable for IR 00000 0: Normal input; 1: Interrupt input in Interrupt Input Mode or Counter Mode Interrupt Enable for IR 00001 0: Normal input; 1: Interrupt input in Interrupt Input Mode or Counter Mode Interrupt Enable for IR 00002 0: Normal input; 1: Interrupt input in Interrupt Input Mode or Counter Mode Interrupt Enable for IR 00003 0: Normal input; 1: Interrupt input in Interrupt Input Mode or Counter Mode Number of TIMH(15) High-speed Timers to Refresh by Interrupt Refreshing 00 to 15 (BCD; e.g., set 3 for timers 00 to 02) High-speed Timer Interrupt Refresh Enable 00: 16 timers (setting in bits 00 to 07 disabled) 01: Use setting in 00 to 07 First Input Refresh Word for I/O Interrupt 0: 00 to 11 (BCD) Number of Input Refresh Words for I/O Interrupt 0: 00 to 12 (BCD) First Input Refresh Word for I/O Interrupt 1: 00 to 11 (BCD) Number of Input Refresh Words for I/O interrupt 1: 00 to 12 (BCD) First Input Refresh Word for I/O Interrupt 2: 00 to 11 (BCD) Number of Input Refresh Words for I/O Interrupt 2: 00 to 12 (BCD) First Input Refresh Word for I/O Interrupt 3: 00 to 11 (BCD) Number of Input Refresh Words for I/O Interrupt 3: 00 to 12 (BCD) First Input Refresh Word for High-speed Counter 1: 00 to 11 (BCD) Number of Input Refresh Words for High-speed Counter 1: 00 to 12 (BCD) First Input Refresh Word for High-speed Counter 2: 00 to 11 (BCD) Number of Input Refresh Words for High-speed Counter 2: 00 to 12 (BCD) 13
13
22
14
DM 6630 DM 6631 DM 6632 DM 6633 DM 6634 DM 6635
00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 07 08 to 15
22
22 22
PC Setup
Word(s) DM 6636 Bit(s) 00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 07 Function
Section
1-1
Page 27, 34
First Input Refresh Word for Interval Timer 0: 00 to 15 (BCD) Number of Input Refresh Words for Interval Timer 0: 00 to 16 (BCD) DM 6637 First Input Refresh Word for Interval Timer 1: 00 to 15 (BCD) Number of Input Refresh Words for Interval Timer 1: 00 to 16 (BCD) DM 6638 First Input Refresh Word for Interval Timer 2 or High-speed Counter 0: 00 to 15 (BCD) 08 to 15 Number of Input Refresh Words for Interval Timer 2 or High-speed Counter 0: 00 to 16 (BCD) DM 6639 00 to 07 Output Refresh Method 00: Cyclic; 01: Direct 08 to 15 Number of Digits for DIGITAL SWITCH (DSW(87)) Instruction 00: 4 digits; 01: 8 digits High-speed Counter Settings (DM 6640 to DM 6644) The following settings are effective after transfer to the PC the next time operation is started. DM 6640 to 00 to 15 Inner Board Slot 1 Settings (See 1-2 Inner Board Settings for details.) DM 6641 DM 6642 00 to 03 High-speed Counter 0 Input Mode 0: Differential phase mode; 4: Incrementing mode 04 to 07 High-speed Counter 0 Reset Mode 0: Phase-Z and software reset; 1: Software reset only 08 to 15 High-speed Counter 0 Enable 00: Dont use high-speed counter 0; 01: Use high-speed counter 0. DM 6643 to 00 to 15 Inner Board Slot 2 Settings (See 1-2 Inner Board Settings for details.) DM 6644 RS-232C Port Settings The following settings are effective after transfer to the PC. DM 6645 00 to 03 Port Settings (Host Link or No-protocol mode) 0: Standard (1 start bit, 7-bit data, even parity, 2 stop bits, 9,600 bps) 1: Settings in DM 6646 04 to 07 08 to 11 12 to 15 CTS Control Settings (Host Link or No-protocol mode) 0: Disable; 1: Set Link Words for 1:1 Data Link (1:1 data link master mode) 0: LR 00 to LR 63; 1: LR 00 to LR 31; 2: LR 00 to LR 15 Communications Mode 0: Host Link; 1: No-protocol; 2: 1:1 Data Link Slave; 3: 1:1 Data Link Master; 4: NT Link in 1:1 Mode Baud Rate 00: 1.2 kbps, 01: 2.4 kbps, 02: 4.8 kbps, 03: 9.6 kbps, 04: 19.2 kbps Frame Format Start Length Stop Parity 00: 1 bit 7 bits 1 bit Even 01: 1 bit 7 bits 1 bit Odd 02: 1 bit 7 bits 1 bit None 03: 1 bit 7 bits 2 bit Even 04: 1 bit 7 bits 2 bit Odd 05: 1 bit 7 bits 2 bit None 06: 1 bit 8 bits 1 bit Even 07: 1 bit 8 bits 1 bit Odd 08: 1 bit 8 bits 1 bit None 09: 1 bit 8 bits 2 bit Even 10: 1 bit 8 bits 2 bit Odd 11: 1 bit 8 bits 2 bit None Transmission Delay (Host Link or No-protocol) 0000 to 9999 (BCD): Set in units of 10 ms, e.g., a setting of 0001 equals 10 ms
15, 469 15, 420
8 34
41
DM 6646
00 to 07 08 to 15
DM 6647
00 to 15
PC Setup
Word(s) DM 6648 Bit(s) 00 to 07 08 to 11 12 to 15 Function Node Number (Host Link): 00 to 31 (BCD) Start Code Enable (No-protocol) 0: Disable; 1: Set End Code Enable (No-protocol) 0: Disable (number of bytes received) 1: Set (specified end code) 2: CR, LF Start Code (No-protocol) 00 to FF (hexadecimal) When bits 12 to 15 of DM 6648 are set to 0: Number of Bytes Received 00: Default setting (256 bytes) 01 to FF: 1 to 255 bytes When bits 12 to 15 of DM 6648 are set to 1: End Code (No-protocol) 00 to FF (hexadecimal) Peripheral Port Settings The following settings are effective after transfer to the PC. DM 6650 00 to 03 Port Settings (Host Link or No-protocol mode) 0: Standard (1 start bit, 7-bit data, even parity, 2 stop bits, 9,600 bps) 1: Settings in DM 6651 CTS Control Settings (Host Link or No-protocol mode) 0: Disable; 1: Set Not used. Communications Mode (when bits 00 to 03 are set to 1) 0: Host Link; 1: No-protocol
Section
1-1
Page 41
DM 6649
00 to 07 08 to 15
15, 41
04 to 07 08 to 11 12 to 15
When a Programming Console is connected to the peripheral port, turn OFF pin 7 of the CPU Units DIP switch. (Pin 5 and the PC Setup settings are disabled in this case.) When connecting a personal computer to the peripheral port for use as a Programming Device, turn pin 7 ON and set the communications mode to Host Link. When these settings have been made and the personal computer is set for peripheral bus operation, the CPU Units peripheral port communications mode will automatically switch to peripheral bus mode. DM 6651 00 to 07 08 to 15 Baud Rate (Host Link, peripheral bus, or No-protocol mode) 00: 1.2 kbps, 01: 2.4 kbps, 02: 4.8 kbps, 03: 9.6 kbps, 04: 19.2 kbps Frame Format (Host Link or No-protocol mode) Start Length Stop Parity 00: 1 bit 7 bits 1 bit Even 01: 1 bit 7 bits 1 bit Odd 02: 1 bit 7 bits 1 bit None 03: 1 bit 7 bits 2 bit Even 04: 1 bit 7 bits 2 bit Odd 05: 1 bit 7 bits 2 bit None 06: 1 bit 8 bits 1 bit Even 07: 1 bit 8 bits 1 bit Odd 08: 1 bit 8 bits 1 bit None 09: 1 bit 8 bits 2 bit Even 10: 1 bit 8 bits 2 bit Odd 11: 1 bit 8 bits 2 bit None Transmission Delay (No-protocol or Slave-initiated Host Link communications only) 0000 to 9999 (BCD): Set in units of 10 ms, e.g., a setting of 0001 equals 10 ms Node Number (Host Link): 00 to 31 (BCD) Start Code Enable (No-protocol) 0: Disable; 1: Set End Code Enable (No-protocol) 0: Disable (number of bytes received) 1: Set (specified end code) 2: CR, LF 41
DM 6652 DM 6653
00 to 15 00 to 07 08 to 11 12 to 15
Inner Board Settings

Word(s) DM 6654 Bit(s) 00 to 07 08 to 15 Function Start Code (No-protocol) 00 to FF (hexadecimal) When bits 12 to 15 of DM 6653 are set to 0: Number of Bytes Received 00: Default setting (256 bytes) 01 to FF: 1 to 255 bytes
Section
1-2
Page 41
When bits 12 to 15 of DM 6653 are set to 1: End Code (No-protocol) 00 to FF (hexadecimal) Error Log Settings (DM 6655) The following settings are effective after transfer to the PC. DM 6655 00 to 03 Style 0: Shift after 10 records have been stored 1: Store only first 10 records (no shifting) 2 to F: Do not store records 04 to 07 Not used. Set to 0. 08 to 11 Cycle Time Monitor Enable 0: Detect long cycles as non-fatal errors 1: Do not detect long cycles 12 to 15 Low Battery Error Enable 0: Detect low battery voltage as non-fatal error 1: Do not detect low battery voltage 16
1-2

This section explains the PC Setup settings related to Inner Boards mounted in Inner Board slots 1 and 2.
1-2-1 Settings for a Serial Communications Board

Use the settings in DM 6613 and DM 6614 to set the servicing times for a Serial Communications Board mounted in Inner Board slot 1. (A Serial Communications Board cannot be mounted in slot 2.)
Word DM 6613 Bits 00 to 07 Function Servicing Time for Serial Communications Board Port 2 (enabled by bits 08 to 15) 00 to 99 (BCD): Sets the percentage of the cycle time used to service port 2. The servicing time must be between 0.256 ms and 65.536 ms. Serial Communications Board Port 2 Servicing Setting 00: Fixed at 5% of the cycle time. 01: Use time setting in bits 00 to 07. (When the PC is stopped, the servicing time will always be 10 ms.) Servicing Time for Serial Communications Board Port 1 (enabled by bits 08 to 15) 00 to 99 (BCD): Sets the percentage of the cycle time used to service port 1. The servicing time must be between 0.256 ms and 65.536 ms. Serial Communications Board Port 1 Servicing Setting 00: Fixed at 5% of the cycle time. 01: Use time setting in bits 00 to 07. (When the PC is stopped, the servicing time will always be 10 ms.)
08 to 15
DM 6614
00 to 07
08 to 15
Section
1-2
1-2-2 Settings for a High-speed Counter Board

The settings in DM 6602, DM 6640, and DM 6641 determine the operation of a High-speed Counter Board mounted in Inner Board slot 1. The settings in DM 6611, DM 6643, and DM 6644 determine the operation of a High-speed Counter Board mounted in Inner Board slot 2.
Word Bits DM 6602 00 (Slot 1) DM 6611 (Slot 2) 01 to 07 08 Function High-speed Counter PV Data Format Settings OFF: 8-digit hexadecimal ON: 8-digit BCD Set to 0. OFF: Sourcing ON: Sinking Set to 0. See note 1. See note 2.
Not used External Output Transistor Selector Not used. High-speed Counter 1 Input Mode High-speed Counter 1 Count Frequency, Numeric Range, and Counter Reset Mode
09 to 15 DM 6640 00 to 03 (Slot 1) 04 to 07 DM 6643 (Slot 2) 08 to 11 12 to 15
High-speed Counter 2 Input Mode See note 1. High-speed Counter 2 Count FreSee note 2. quency, Numeric Range, and Counter Reset Mode High-speed Counter 3 Input Mode See note 1. High-speed Counter 3 Count FreSee note 2. quency, Numeric Range, and Counter Reset Mode High-speed Counter 4 Input Mode See note 1. High-speed Counter 4 Count FreSee note 2. quency, Numeric Range, and Counter Reset Mode
DM 6641 00 to 03 (Slot 1) 04 to 07 DM 6644 (Slot 2) 08 to 11 12 to 15
Note
1. The settings for the high-speed counter input mode are as follows:
Setting 0 Hex 1 Hex 2 Hex 3 Hex 4 Hex Differential Phase Inputs, 1x Differential Phase Inputs, 2x Differential Phase Inputs, 4x Up/Down Input Pulse/Direction Input Input Mode
2. The settings for the high-speed counter count frequency, numeric range, and counter reset mode are as follows:
Setting 0 Hex 1 Hex 2 Hex 3 Hex 4 Hex 5 Hex 6 Hex 7 Hex Count frequency 50 kHz Numeric range Linear Counting Ring Counting 500 kHz Linear Counting Ring Counting Reset mode Phase-Z + Software Reset Software Reset Only Phase-Z + Software Reset Software Reset Only Phase-Z + Software Reset Software Reset Only Phase-Z + Software Reset Software Reset Only
Section
1-2
1-2-3 Settings for a Pulse I/O Board

The settings in DM 6611, DM 6643, and DM 6644 determine the operation of a Pulse I/O Board mounted in Inner Board slot 2. (A Pulse I/O Board cannot be mounted in slot 1.)
Word DM 6611 Bits 00 to 15 Function Mode Setting for Ports 1 and 2 0000: High-speed Counter Mode 0001: Simple Positioning Mode Port 1 Input Mode 0: Differential Phase Mode 1: Pulse/Direction Mode 2: Up/Down Mode Port 1 Counter Reset Method 0: Phase-Z and software reset; 1: Software reset only Port 1 Numeric Range 0: Linear counting; 1: Ring counting Port 1 Pulse Output Duty Factor 0: Fixed duty factor; 1: Variable duty factor Port 2 Input Mode 0: Differential Phase Mode 1: Pulse/Direction Mode 2: Up/Down Mode Port 2 Counter Reset Method 0: Phase-Z and software reset; 1: Software reset only Port 2 Numeric Range 0: Linear counting; 1: Ring counting Port 2 Pulse Output Duty Factor 0: Fixed duty factor; 1: Variable duty factor
DM 6643
00 to 03
04 to 07 08 to 11 12 to 15 DM 6644 00 to 03
04 to 07 08 to 11 12 to 15
1-2-4 Settings for an Absolute Encoder Interface Board

The settings in DM 6611, DM 6612, DM 6643, and DM 6644 determine the operation of an Absolute Encoder Interface Board mounted in Inner Board slot 2. (An Absolute Encoder Interface Board cannot be mounted in slot 1.)
Word DM 6611 Bits 00 to 15 Function Origin Compensation for Port 1 (4-digit BCD) Origin will be compensated when the Port 1 Origin Compensation Bit (SR 25201) is turned ON. The compensation value will be recorded in BCD between 0000 and 4095 whether the counter is set to BCD mode or 360 mode. DM 6612 00 to 15 Origin Compensation for Port 2 (4-digit BCD) Origin will be compensated when the Port 2 Origin Compensation Bit (SR 25202) is turned ON. The compensation value will be recorded in BCD between 0000 and 4095 whether the counter is set to BCD mode or 360 mode. DM 6643 00 to 07 08 to 15 DM 6644 00 to 07 08 to 15 Port 1 Input Resolution 00: 8 bits; 01: 10 bits; 02: 12 bits Port 1 Operating Mode 00: BCD mode; 01: 360 mode Port 2 Input Resolution 00: 8 bits; 01: 10 bits; 02: 12 bits Port 2 Operating Mode 00: BCD mode; 01: 360 mode
10
Basic PC Operation and I/O Processes
Section
1-3
1-2-5 Settings for an Analog I/O Board

The settings in DM 6611 determine the operation of an Analog I/O Board mounted in Inner Board slot 2. (An Analog I/O Board cannot be mounted in slot 1.)
Word Bits DM 6611 00 to 01 02 to 03 04 to 05 06 to 07 08 09 10 11 12 to 15 Function Analog Input 1 Input Signal Range Analog input 2 Input Signal Range Analog input 3 Input Signal Range Analog input 4 Input Signal Range Analog Input 1 Usage Selection Analog Input 2 Usage Selection Analog Input 3 Usage Selection Analog Input 4 Usage Selection Not used. Settings Set the bit status of the two bits as follows: 00: 10 to +10 V 01: 0 to 10 V 10: 0 to 5 V or 0 to 20 mA 0: Support (use) input. 1: Do not support input.
Set to 0.
1-3

This section explains the PC Setup settings related to basic operation and I/O processes.
1-3-1 Startup Mode

The operating mode the PC will start in when power is turned ON can be set as shown below.
Bit 15 DM 6600 0
Startup Mode Designation 00: Depends upon Programming Device and DIP switch settings (See table below.) 01: Operating mode last used before power was turned OFF 02: Mode set in bits 00 to 07 Startup Mode (Bits 08 to 15: Valid when bits 00 to 07 are set to 02) 00: PROGRAM mode 01: MONITOR mode 02: RUN mode Default: Operating mode determined by Programming Device and DIP switch settings as shown in the table below.
Programming Device connected at startup None connected. Programming Console connected. Other Programming Device connected.
Pin 7 of the CPU Units DIP switch OFF ON OFF ON OFF ON
Startup mode PROGRAM mode RUN mode Operating mode set on the Programming Consoles mode switch PROGRAM mode (See note 1.) PROGRAM mode (See note 1.) Depends upon the Connecting Cable being used. (See note 2.)
Note
1. In these cases, the CQM1H will not be able to communicate with the connected Programming Device.
11
Section
1-3
2. The startup mode will be PROGRAM mode or RUN mode, depending on the Connecting Cable being used.
Connecting Cable CS1W-CN114 + CQM1-CIF01/02 CS1W-CN118 + XW2Z-200/500S(-V) CS1W-CN226/626 CS1W-CN118 + XW2Z-200/500S-CV Startup mode PROGRAM mode PROGRAM mode RUN mode RUN mode
1-3-2 Hold Bit Status

Make the settings shown below to determine whether, when the power supply is turned ON, the Forced Status Hold Bit (SR 25211) and/or I/O Hold Bit (SR 25212) will retain the status that was in effect when the power was last turned OFF, or whether the previous status will be cleared.
Bit 15 DM 6601 0
SR 25211 setting 0: Clear status 1: Retain status SR 25212 setting 0: Clear status 1: Retain status Default: Clear both.
Always 00
The Forced Status Hold Bit (SR 25211) determines whether or not the forced set/reset status is retained when changing from PROGRAM mode to MONITOR mode. The I/O Hold Bit (SR 25212) determines whether or not the status of IR bits and LR bits is retained when PC operation is started and stopped.
1-3-3 RS-232C Port Servicing Time

The following settings are used to determine the percentage of the cycle time devoted to servicing the RS-232C port.
Bit 15 DM 6616 0
Servicing time setting enable 00: Disabled (5% of the cycle time) 01: Enabled (setting in bits 00 to 07 used) Servicing time (%, valid when bits 08 to 15 are set to 01) 00 to 99 (BCD, two digits) Default: 5% of cycle time
Example: If DM 6616 is set to 0110, the RS-232C port will be serviced for 10% of the cycle time. The minimum servicing time is 0.256 ms. The entire servicing time will not be used unless processing requests exist.
12
Section
1-3
1-3-4 Peripheral Port Servicing Time

The following settings are used to determine the percentage of the cycle time devoted to servicing the peripheral port.
Bit 15 DM 6617 0
Servicing time setting enable 00: Disabled (5% of the cycle time) 01: Enabled (setting in bits 00 to 07 used) Servicing time (%, valid when bits 08 to 15 are set to 01) 00 to 99 (BCD, two digits) Default: 5% of cycle time
Example: If DM 6617 is set to 0115, the peripheral port will be serviced for 15% of the cycle time. The minimum servicing time is 0.256 ms. The entire servicing time will not be used unless processing requests exist.
1-3-5 Minimum Cycle Time

Make the settings shown below to standardize the cycle time and to eliminate variations in I/O response time by setting a minimum cycle time.
Bit 15 DM 6619 0
Cycle time (4-digit BCD) 0000:Cycle time variable 0001 to 9999: Minimum cycle time (Unit: 1 ms) Default: Cycle time variable
If the actual cycle time is shorter than the minimum cycle time, execution will wait until the minimum time has expired. If the actual cycle time is longer than the minimum cycle time, then operation will proceed according to the actual cycle time. AR 2405 will turn ON if the minimum cycle time is exceeded.
1-3-6 Input Time Constants

Make the settings shown below to set the time from when the actual inputs from the DC Input Unit are turned ON or OFF until the corresponding input bits are updated (i.e., until their ON/OFF status is changed). Make these settings when you want to adjust the time until inputs stabilize. Increasing the input time constant can reduce the effects from chattering and external noise.
Input from an input device such as a limit switch Input bit status t t Input time constant
13

Input Time Constants for IR 000 and IR 001
Bit 15 DM 6620 0
Section
1-3
Time constant for IR 00100 to IR 00115 (1-digit BCD; see below.) Time constant for IR 00008 to IR 00015 (1 digit BCD; see below.) Time constant for IR 00000 to IR 00007 (1 digit BCD; see below.) Default: 0000 (8 ms for each)
Input Time Constants for IR 002 to IR 015

DM 6621: IR 002 and IR 003 DM 6622: IR 004 and IR 005 DM 6623: IR 006 and IR 007 DM 6624: IR 008 and IR 009 DM 6625: IR 010 and IR 011 DM 6626: IR 012 and IR 013 DM 6627: IR 014 and IR 015
Bit 15 DM 6621 to DM 6627
Time constant for IR 003, IR 005, IR 007, IR 009, IR 011, IR 013, and IR 015 Time constant for IR 002, IR 004, IR 006, IR 008, IR 010, IR 012, and IR 014 Default: 0000 (8 ms for each)
The nine possible settings for the input time constant are shown below. Set only the rightmost digit for IR 000. 0: 8 ms 1: 1 ms 2: 2 ms 3: 4 ms 4: 8 ms 5: 16 ms 6: 32 ms 7: 64 ms 8: 128 ms
1-3-7 High-speed Timers

Make the settings shown below to set the number of high-speed timers created with TIMH(15) that will use interrupt processing.
Bit 15 DM 6629 0
High-speed timer interrupt setting enable 00: Setting disabled (Interrupt processing for all high-speed timers, TIM 000 to TIM 015) 01: Enabled (Use setting in bits 00 to 07.) Number of high-speed timer for interrupts (valid when bits 08 to 15 are 01) 00 to 15 (2-digit BCD) Default: Interrupt processing for all high-speed timers,TIM 000 to TIM 015.
The setting indicates the number of timers that will use interrupt processing beginning with TIM 000. For example, if 0108 is specified, then eight timers, TIM 000 to TIM 007 will use interrupt processing. Note 1. High-speed timers will not be accurate without interrupt processing unless the cycle time is 10 ms or less. 2. If the SPED(64) instruction is used and pulses are output at a frequency of 500 Hz or greater, then set the number of high-speed timers with interrupt processing to four or less. Refer to information on the SPED(64) instruction for details. 3. Interrupt response time for other interrupts will be improved if interrupt processing is set to 00 when high-speed timer processing is not required. This includes any time the cycle time is less than 10 ms.
14
Section
1-3
1-3-8 DSW(87) Input Digits and Output Refresh Method

Make the settings shown below to set the number of input digits for the DSW(87) instruction, and to set the output refresh method.
Bit 15 DM 6639 0
Number of input digits for the DSW(87) 00: 4 digits 01: 8 digits Output refresh method 00: Cyclic 01: Direct Default: The number of input digits for the DSW(87) instruction is set to 4 and the output refresh method is cyclic.
Refer to page 420 for details on the DSW(87) instruction and to Section 7 PC Operations and Processing Time for details on I/O refresh methods.
1-3-9 Peripheral Port Settings

Serial communications settings for the peripheral port are determined by pins 5 and 7 of the CPU Units DIP switch, the hexadecimal setting in DM 6650, and the device connected to the peripheral port.
DIP switch settings DM 6650 setting Connected device Serial communications mode
Pin 5 Pin 7 OFF OFF Ignored OFF ON 0000
0001
Programming Console Programming Device other than a Programming Console (such as a personal computer)
Programming Console bus Host Link, standard settings Peripheral bus mode if CX-Programmer is set for peripheral bus. Host Link, custom settings Peripheral bus mode if CX-Programmer is set for peripheral bus. No-protocol Programming Console bus Host Link, standard settings Peripheral bus mode if CX-Programmer is set for peripheral bus.
ON ON
OFF ON
10jj Ignored Ignored
Programming Console Programming Device other than a Programming Console (such as a personal computer)
15
Section
1-3
1-3-10 Error Log Settings

Make the settings shown below for detecting errors and storing the error log. Cycle Monitor Time (DM 6618) The cycle monitor time is used for checking for extremely long cycle times, as can happen when the program goes into an infinite loop. If the cycle time exceeds the cycle monitor setting, a fatal error (FALS 9F) will be generated.
Bit 15 DM 6618 0
Cycle Monitor Time Enable and Unit 00: Setting disabled (time fixed at 120 ms) 01: Setting in 00 to 07 enabled; unit:10 ms 02: Setting in 00 to 07 enabled; unit:100 ms 03: Setting in 00 to 07 enabled; unit:1 s Cycle monitor time setting (When bits 08 to 15 are not 00) 00 to 99 (2-digit BCD; unit set in bits 08 to 15.) Default: 120 ms.
Note
1. The units used for the maximum and current cycle times recorded in AR 26 and AR 27 (4-digit BCD) depend on the unit set for the cycle monitor time in DM 6618, as shown below. Bits 08 to 15 set to 01: 0.1 ms Bits 08 to 15 set to 02: 1 ms Bits 08 to 15 set to 03: 10 ms 2. If the cycle time is 1 s or longer, the cycle time read from Programming Devices will be 999.9 ms. The correct maximum and current cycle times will be recorded in the AR area. Example If 0230 is set in DM 6618, an FALS 9F error will not occur until the cycle time exceeds 3 s. If the actual cycle time is 2.59 s, the current cycle time stored in the AR area will be 2590 (ms), but the cycle time read from a Programming Device will be 999.9 ms. A cycle time over error (non-fatal) will be generated when the cycle time exceeds 100 ms unless detection of long cycle times is disable using the setting in DM 6655. Make the settings shown below to determine whether or not a non-fatal error is to be generated when the cycle time exceeds 100 ms or when the voltage of the built-in battery drops, and to set the method for storing records in the error log when errors occur.
Bit 15 DM 6655 0
Error Detection and Error Log Operation (DM 6655)
0
Always 0
Low battery voltage detection 0: Detect 1: Dont detect Cycle time over detection 0: Detect 1: Dont detect
Error log storage method 0: Error records for 10 most recent errors always stored (older errors deleted). 1: Only first 10 error records stored (no errors stored beyond that point). 2 to F: Error records not stored. Default: Low battery voltage and cycle time over errors detected, and error records stored for the 10 most recent errors.
16
Interrupt Functions
Section
1-4
Battery errors and cycle time overrun errors are non-fatal errors. For details on the error log, refer to Section 8 Troubleshooting.
1-4
Interrupt Functions
This section explains the settings and methods for using the CQM1H interrupt functions.
1-4-1 Types of Interrupts

The CQM1H has four types of interrupts, as outlined below. Input Interrupts: Interrupt processing is executed when an input from an external source to one of CPU Unit bits IR 00000 to IR 00003 turns ON. Interval Timer Interrupts: Interrupt processing is executed by an interval timer with a precision of 0.1 ms. High-speed Counter Interrupts: Interrupt processing is executed according to the present value (PV) of the builtin high-speed counter. CQM1H CPU Units are equipped with the following 3 types of high-speed counter interrupts. All can function as target-value interrupts or range-comparison interrupts. (A target-value interrupt is generated when the PV matches the SV, and a range-comparison interrupt is generated when the PV is within a preset SV range.) 1, 2, 3... 1. High-speed counter 0 (built into the CPU Unit) High-speed counter 0 counts pulse inputs to CPU Unit inputs 4 to 6. Twophase pulses up to 2.5 kHz can be counted. 2. High-speed counters 1 and 2 (Pulse I/O Board) High-speed counters 1 and 2 count high-speed pulse inputs to ports 1 and 2 on the Pulse I/O Board. Two-phase pulses up to 25 kHz can be counted. 3. Absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2 (Absolute Encoder Interface Board) High-speed counters 1 and 2 count absolute rotary encoder codes input to ports 1 and 2 on the Absolute Encoder Interface Board. Note Interrupt processing is not performed for high-speed counters 1, 2, 3, and 4 on a High-speed Counter Board. A High-speed Counter Board can count pulses up to 50 kHz or 500 kHz. The high-speed counter PVs can be checked against a target value or an SV range and a bit pattern can be output internally or externally instead of generating an interrupt. Serial Communications Board Interrupts: Interrupt processing is requested from the CPU Unit when the Serial Communications Board receives the desired message. Interrupt Processing When an interrupt is generated, the specified interrupt subroutine is executed. Defining Subroutines Just as with ordinary subroutines, interrupt subroutines are defined using SBN(92) and RET(93) at the end of the main program. When interrupt subroutines are executed, a specified range of input bits can be refreshed. When an interrupt subroutine is defined, a no SBS error will be generated during the program check but execution will proceed normally. If this error occurs, check all normal subroutines to be sure that SBS(91) has been programmed before proceeding. Interrupt Priority Interrupts have the following order of priority. Input interrupts and interrupts from
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Interrupt Functions
Section
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high-speed counters 1 and 2 have the highest priority and the interrupt notification from a Serial Communications Board has the lowest.
High-speed counter 1 or 2 interrupts (from Pulse I/O Board or Absolute Encoder Interface Board)
Input interrupts
>
Interval timer interrupts
High-speed counter 0 interrupt
>
Interrupt notification from Serial Communications Board
When an interrupt with a higher priority is received during interrupt processing, the current processes will be stopped and the newly received interrupt will be processed instead. After that routine has been completely executed, then processing of the previous interrupt will be resumed. When an interrupt with a lower or equal priority is received during interrupt processing, then the newly received interrupt will be processed as soon as the routine currently being processed has been completely executed. If two interrupts with the same priority level occur simultaneously, the interrupts will be executed in the following order: 1, 2, 3... 1. Input interrupt 0 > Input interrupt 1 > Input interrupt 2 > Input interrupt 3 > High-speed counter interrupt 1 > High-speed counter interrupt 2 2. Interval timer interrupt 0 > Interval timer interrupt 1 > Interval timer interrupt 2 (Interval timer interrupt 2 is high-speed counter interrupt 0.) Pulse Output Instructions and Interrupts The following instructions cannot be executed in an interrupt subroutine when an instruction that controls pulse I/O or high-speed counters is being executed in the main program: (SR 25503 turns ON) INI(89), PRV(62), CTBL(63), SPED(64), PULS(65), PWM(), PLS2() and ACC() The following methods can be used to circumvent this limitation: Method 1 All interrupt processing can be masked while the instruction is being executed.
@INT(89) 100 000 000 @PLS2() 001 000 DM 0010 @INT(89) 200 000 000
Method 2 Execute the instruction again in the main program.
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Interrupt Functions
This is the program section from the main program:
@PRV(62) 001 002 DM 0000 @CTBL(63) 001 000 DM 0000 RSET LR 0000
Section
1-4
This is the program section from the interrupt subroutine:

SBN(92) 000 25313 @CTBL(63) 001 000 DM 0000 25313
LR 0000
1-4-2 Input Interrupts

The CPU Units inputs allocated IR 00000 to IR 00003 can be used for interrupts from external sources. Input interrupts 0 through 3 correspond respectively to these bits and are always used to call subroutines 000 through 003 respectively. When input interrupts are not used, subroutines 000 to 003 can be used for ordinary subroutines. Processing There are two modes for processing input interrupts. The first is the Input Interrupt Mode, in which the interrupt is carried out in response to an external input. The second is the Counter Mode, in which signals from an external source are counted at high speed, and an interrupt is carried out once for every certain number of signals. The INT(89) instruction determines which mode is used. In the Input Interrupt Mode, signals with a length of 100 ms or more can be detected. In the Counter Mode, signals up to 1 kHz can be counted. Procedure (Input Interrupt Mode) 1, 2, 3... Follow the steps outlined below when using input interrupts in input interrupt mode. 1. Determine the input interrupt number.
Terminal B0 A0 B1 A1 IN0 IN1 IN2 IN3 Corresponding bit address IR 00000 IR 00001 IR 00002 IR 00003 000 001 002 003 Subroutine number
2. Wire the input. (See page 21 for more details.) 3. Make PC Setup settings. (See page 22 for more details.)
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Interrupt Functions
Section
1-4
a) Write 1 in the corresponding digit in DM 6628 to indicate that the input will be used as an input interrupt (input interrupt or counter mode.) b) Bits in DM 6630 through DM 6633 can be turned ON to cause the input to be refreshed before the interrupt subroutine is executed. 4. Program the associated program sections. a) Use INT(89) to unmask the input interrupt. (See page 23 for more details.) b) Write an interrupt subroutine within SBN(92) and RET(93).
Input interrupt 0 1 2 3
Interrupt 0
Generate interrupt. Execute specified subroutine. Interrupt Subroutine INTERRUPT CONTROL Enable interrupts.
Ladder Program
Interrupt 1 Interrupt 2 Interrupt 3
PC Setup DM 6628
Procedure (Counter Mode) 1, 2, 3...
Follow the steps outlined below when using input interrupts in counter mode. 1. Determine the input interrupt number.
Terminal B0 A0 B1 A1 IN0 IN1 IN2 IN3 Corresponding bit address IR 00000 IR 00001 IR 00002 IR 00003 000 001 002 003 Subroutine number
2. Determine the initial count SV. 3. Wire the input. (See page 21 for more details.) 4. Make PC Setup settings. (See page 22 for more details.) a) Write 1 in the corresponding digit in DM 6628 to indicate that the input will be used as an input interrupt (input interrupt or counter mode.) b) Bits in DM 6630 through DM 6633 can be turned ON to cause the input to be refreshed before the interrupt subroutine is executed. 5. Program the associated program sections. a) Use INT(89) to refresh the counter SV in counter mode. (See page 24 for more details.)
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Interrupt Functions
Section
1-4
b) Write an interrupt subroutine within SBN(92) and RET(93) (only when using count-up interrupts.)
Input interrupt 0 1 2 3 Ladder Program INTERRUPT CONTROL Counter1 Counter 2 Counter 3
Refresh counter SV (decrementing mode.)
Counter 0
Input interrupt (counter mode)
Generate interrupt. Execute specified subroutine. Subroutine
Counter SV
Counter 0 Counter 1 Counter 2 Counter 3 SR 244 SR 245 SR 246 SR 247
Only when using interrupts.
PC Setup DM 6628
Each cycle Counter PV 1

Counter 0 Counter 1 Counter 2 Counter 3 SR 248 SR 249 SR 250 SR 251
Wiring Inputs
Before using input interrupts, wire the input interrupt signal or count input signal to the CPU Units input terminal as shown below. Interrupt Input Signal (Input Interrupt Mode) Wiring Example
Terminal B0 (IN0) A0 (IN1) B1 (IN2) A1 (IN3) Corresponding bit address IR 00000 IR 00001 IR 00002 IR 00003
Input interrupt signal CPU Unit
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Interrupt Functions
Count Input Signal (Counter Mode) Wiring Example
Terminal B0 (IN0) A0 (IN1) B1 (IN2) A1 (IN3) Corresponding bit address IR 00000 IR 00001 IR 00002 IR 00003
Count input signal
Section
1-4
Decrementing mode Pulse inputs (4 inputs max.)
CPU Unit
PC Setup Parameters
Before executing the program, make the following settings in the PC Setup in PROGRAM mode. Interrupt Input Settings (DM 6628) If these settings are not made, interrupts cannot be used in the program.
Bit 15 DM 6628 0
Input interrupt 3 setting Input interrupt 2 setting Input interrupt 1 setting Input interrupt 0 setting 0: Normal input 1: Interrupt input Default: All normal inputs.
Input Refresh Word Settings (DM 6630 to DM 6633) Make these settings when it is necessary to refresh inputs for input interrupt or counter mode.
Bit 15 DM 6630: Interrupt 0 DM 6631: Interrupt 1 DM 6632: Interrupt 2 DM 6633: Interrupt 3 DM 6630 to DM 6633 0
Number of words (2-digit BCD) Beginning word (2-digit BCD) Default: No input refresh
00 to 16 00 to 15 (IR 000 to IR 015)
Example If DM 6630 is set to 0100, IR 000 will be refreshed when a signal is received for interrupt 0. Note If input refreshing is not used, input signal status within the interrupt routine will not be reliable. This includes even the status of the interrupt input bit that activated the interrupt. For example, IR 00000 would not be ON in interrupt routine for input interrupt 0 unless it was refreshed (in this case, the Always ON Flag, SR 25313 could be used in place of IR 00000).
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Interrupt Functions
Input Interrupt Mode
Section
1-4
Use the following instructions to program input interrupts using the Input Interrupt Mode. Masking of Interrupts With the INT(89) instruction, set or clear input interrupt masks as required.
(@)INT(89) 000 000 D
Make the settings with the D bits 0 to 3, which correspond to input interrupts 0 to 3. 0: Mask cleared. (Input interrupt permitted.) 1: Mask set. (Input interrupt not permitted.)
At the beginning of operation, all of the input interrupts are masked. Use INT(89) to unmask input interrupts before using input interrupts in input interrupt mode. Clearing Masked Interrupts If the bit corresponding to an input interrupt turns ON while masked, that input interrupt will be saved in memory and will be executed as soon as the mask is cleared. In order for that input interrupt not to be executed when the mask is cleared, the interrupt must be cleared from memory. Only one interrupt signal will be saved in memory for each interrupt number. With the INT(89) instruction, clear the input interrupt from memory.
(@)INT(89) 001 000 D
If D bits 0 to 3, which correspond to input interrupts 0 to 3, are set to 1, then the input interrupts will be cleared from memory. 0: Input interrupt retained. 1: Input interrupt cleared.
Reading Mask Status With the INT(89) instruction, read the input interrupt mask status.
(@)INT(89) 002 000 D
The status of the rightmost digit of the data stored in word D (bits 0 to 3) show the mask status. 0: Mask cleared. (Input interrupt permitted.) 1: Mask set. (Input interrupt not permitted.)
Counter Mode
Use the following steps to program input interrupts using the Input Interrupt Mode. Note The SR words used in the Counter Mode (SR 244 to SR 251) all contain binary (hexadecimal) data (not BCD). 1, 2, 3... 1. Write the set values for counter operation to SR words correspond to interrupts 0 to 3. The set values are written between 0000 and FFFF (0 to 65,535). A value of 0000 will disable the count operation until a new value is set and step 2, below, is repeated. Note These SR bits are cleared at the beginning of operation, and must be written from the program. That maximum input signal that can be counted is 1 kHz.
Interrupt Input interrupt 0 Input interrupt 1 Input interrupt 2 Input interrupt 3 SR 244 SR 245 SR 246 SR 247 Word containing counter SV
If the Counter Mode is not used, these SR bits can be used as work bits.
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Interrupt Functions
Section
1-4
2. With the INT(89) instruction, refresh the Counter Mode set value and enable interrupts.
(@)INT(89) 003 000 D
If D bits 0 to 3, which correspond to input interrupts 0 to 3, are set to 0, then the set value will be refreshed and interrupts will be permitted. 0: Counter mode set value refreshed and mask cleared. 1: Nothing happens. (Set to 1 the bits for all interrupts that are not being changed.)
The input interrupt for which the set value is refreshed will be enabled in Counter Mode. When the counter reaches the set value, an interrupt will occur, the counter will be reset, and counting/interrupts will continue until the counter is stopped. Note 1. If the INT(89) instruction is used during counting, the present value (PV) will return to the set value (SV). You must, therefore, use the differentiated form of the instruction or an interrupt may never occur. 2. The set value will be set when the INT(89) instruction is executed. If interrupts are already in operation, then the set value will not be changed just by changing the content of SR 244 to SR 247, i.e., if the contents is changed, the set value must be refreshed by executing the INT(89) instruction again. Interrupts can be masked using the same process as for the Input Interrupt Mode, but if the masks are cleared using the same process, the Counter Mode will not be maintained and the Input Interrupt Mode will be used instead. Interrupt signals received for masked interrupts can also be cleared using the same process as for the Input Interrupt Mode. Counter PV in Counter Mode When input interrupts are used in Counter Mode, the counter PV will be stored in the SR word corresponding to input interrupts 0 to 3. Values are 0000 to FFFE (0 to 65,534) and will equal the counter PV minus one.
Interrupt Input interrupt 0 Input interrupt 1 Input interrupt 2 Input interrupt 3 SR 248 SR 249 SR 250 SR 251 Word containing counter PV 1
Example: The present value for an interrupt whose set value is 000A will be recorded as 0009 immediately after INT(89) is executed. Note Even if input interrupts are not used in Counter Mode, these SR bits cannot be used as work bits.
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Interrupt Functions
Application Example
Section
1-4
In this example, input interrupt 0 is used in Input Interrupt Mode and input interrupt 1 is used in Counter Mode. Before executing the program, check to be sure the PC Setup. PC Setup: DM 6628: 0011 (IR 00000 and IR 00001 used for input interrupts) The default settings are used for all other PC Setup parameters. (Inputs are not refreshed at the time of interrupt processing.)
25315 (ON for 1 scan) MOV(21) #000A 245 00100 (@)INT(89) 001 000 #0003 (@)INT(89) 000 000 #000E (@)INT(89) 003 000 #000D BCD (24) 249 D0000
Sets 10 as the counter mode SV for input interrupt 1.
When IR 00100 turns ON: Masked interrupts for input interrupts 0 and 1 are cleared.
Interrupts are enabled in input interrupt mode for interrupt 0.
Interrupts are enabled in counter mode for interrupt 1. (SV: 10 )
The contents of SR 249 (PV 1) are converted to BCD and stored in DM 0000.
INC(38) D0000 00100 (@)INT(89) 000 000 #000F SBN(92) 25313 (Always ON) ADB(50) 245 #000A 245 000
The content to DM 0000 is incremented to the PC.
When IR 00100 turns OFF, input interrupts 0 and 1 are masked and interrupts are prohibited.
INT(89) 003 000 #000D RET(93) SBN(92) RET(93) 001
When the Input interrupt is executed for interrupt 0, subroutine 000 is called and the counter mode is refreshed with the SV for input interrupt 1 with 10 added (SV = 20)
When the count is reached for the input interrupt 1 counter, subroutine 001 is called and the interrupt subroutine is executed.
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Interrupt Functions
Section
1-4
When the program is executed, operation will be as shown in the following diagram.
00000 Subroutine 000 10 counts 00001 Subroutine 001 00100 (see note 2) 10 counts 20 counts
(see note 1)
(see note 1)
Note
1. The counter will continue operating even while the interrupt routine is being executed. 2. The input interrupt will remain masked.
1-4-3 Masking All Interrupts

The INT(89) instruction can be used to mask and unmask all interrupts as a group, including input interrupts, interval timer interrupts, and high-speed counter interrupts. The mask is in addition to any masks on the individual types of interrupts. Furthermore, clearing the masks for all interrupts does not clear the masks on the individual types of interrupts, but restores them to the masked conditions that existed before INT(89) was executed to mask them as a group.
Interrupts masked/unmasked by INT(89) Input interrupts Interval timer interrupts High-speed counter 0 interrupt High-speed counter 1 and 2 interrupts High-speed counter 1 and 2 interrupts Source Unit or Board CPU Unit
Pulse I/O Board Absolute Encoder Interface Board
Do not use INT(89) to mask interrupts unless it is necessary to temporarily mask all interrupts and always use INT(89) instructions in pairs to do so, using the first INT(89) instruction to mask and the second one to unmask interrupts. INT(89) cannot be used to mask and unmask all interrupts from within interrupt routines. Masking Interrupts Use the INT(89) instruction to disable all interrupts.
(@)INT(89) 100 000 000
If an interrupt is generated while interrupts are masked, interrupt processing will not be executed but the interrupt will be recorded for the input, interval timer, and high-speed counter interrupts. The interrupts will then be serviced as soon as interrupts are unmasked. Unmasking Interrupts Use the INT(89) instruction to unmask interrupts as follows:
(@)INT(89) 200 000 000
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Interrupt Functions
Section
1-4
1-4-4 Interval Timer Interrupts

High-speed, high-precision timer interrupt processing can be executed using interval timers. The CQM1H provides three interval timers, numbered from 0 to 2. Note 1. Interval timer 0 cannot be used when pulses are being output to a Transistor Output Unit by means of the SPED(64) instruction. 2. Interval timer 2 cannot be used at the same time as high-speed counter 0. Processing There are two modes for interval timer operation, the One-shot Mode, in which only one interrupt will be executed when time expires, and the Scheduled Interrupt Mode in which the interrupt is repeated at a fixed interval. Follow the steps outlined below when using interval timer interrupts. 1, 2, 3... 1. Determine whether the timer will operate in one-shot mode or scheduled interrupt mode. 2. Program the associated program sections. a) Use STIM(69) to set the timer SV and start the timer in one-shot or scheduled interrupt mode. b) Write an interrupt subroutine within SBN(92) and RET(93).
Interval timers 0 to 3 (See notes 1 and 2.) Generate interrupt.
Procedure
Ladder Program INTERVAL TIMER

Start the timer. One-shot mode Scheduled interrupt mode Read elapsed time.
Execute specified subroutine.
Note
1. Interval timer 2 and high-speed counter 0 cannot be used at the same time. 2. Interval timer 0 cannot be used at the same time as pulse outputs from Transistor Output Units produced by SPED(64).
PC Setup
When using interval timer interrupts, make the following settings in the PC Setup in PROGRAM mode before executing the program. Input Refresh Word Settings (DM 6636 to DM 6638) Make these settings when it is necessary to refresh inputs.
Bit 15 DM 6636: Timer 0 DM 6637: Timer 1 DM 6638: Timer 2 DM 6636 to DM 6638 0
Number of words (2-digit BCD) 00 to 16 Beginning word (2-digit BCD) 00 to 15 (IR 000 to IR 015) Default: No input refresh
High-speed Counter Settings (DM 6642) When using interval timer 2, check before beginning operation to be sure that the high-speed counter (PC Setup: DM 6642) is set to the default setting (0000: High-speed counter not used). Operation Use the following instruction to activate and control the interval timer.
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Interrupt Functions
Section
1-4
Starting Up in One-Shot Mode Use the STIM(69) instruction to start the interval timer in the one-shot mode.
(@)STIM(69) C1 C2 C3
C1: Interval timer No. Interval timer 0: Interval timer 1: Interval timer 2:
000 001 002
C2: Timer set value (first word address or constant) C3: Subroutine No. (4-digit BCD): 0000 to 0255
Word C2 C2 + 1
Function Decrementing counter set value (4-digit BCD): 0000 to 9999 Decrementing time interval (4-digit BCD; unit: 0.1 ms): 0005 to 0320 (0.5 ms to 32 ms) Note If a constant is used for C2, the decrementing time interval is fixed at 0010 or 1 ms, so the set value in C2 is expressed in ms.
Each time that the interval specified in word C2 + 1 elapses, the decrementing counter will decrement the present value by one. When the PV reaches 0, the designated subroutine will be called just once and the timer will stop. When a word address is used for C2, the time from when the STIM(69) instruction is executed until time elapses is calculated as follows: (Contents of word C2) x (Contents of word C2 + 1) x 0.1 ms = (0.5 to 319,968 ms) Starting Up in Scheduled Interrupt Mode Use the STIM(69) instruction to start the interval timer in the scheduled interrupt mode.
(@)STIM(69) C1 C2 C3
C1: Interval timer No. + 3 Interval timer 0: Interval timer 1: Interval timer 2:
003 004 005
C2: Timer set value (first word address or constant) C3: Subroutine No. (4-digit BCD): 0000 to 0255
Word C2 C2 + 1
Function Decrementing counter set value (4-digit BCD): 0000 to 9999 Decrementing time interval (4-digit BCD; unit: 0.1 ms): 0005 to 0320 (0.5 ms to 32 ms) Note If a constant is used for C2, the decrementing time interval is fixed at 0010 or 1 ms, so the set value in C2 is expressed in ms.
The meanings of the settings are the same as for the one-shot mode, but in the scheduled interrupt mode the timer PV will be reset to the set value and decrementing will begin again after the subroutine has been called. In the scheduled interrupt mode, interrupts will continue to be repeated at fixed intervals until the operation is stopped. Reading the Timers Elapsed Time Use the STIM(69) instruction to read the timers elapsed time.
(@)STIM(69) C1 C2 C3
C1: Interval timer No. + 6 Interval timer 0: Interval timer 1: Interval timer 2: C3: Parameter 2
006 007 008
C2: First word address of parameter 1
Word C2 C2 + 1 C3
Function Number of times the counter has been decremented (4-digit BCD) Decrementing counter time interval (4-digit BCD; unit: 0.1 ms) Time elapsed since last decrement (4-digit BCD; unit: 0.1 ms) Note This value will be less than the decrementing counter time interval.
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Section
1-4
The time from when the interval timer is started until the execution of this instruction is calculated as follows:
{(Contents of word C2) x (Contents of word C2 + 1) + (Contents of word C3)} x 0.1 ms
If the specified interval timer is stopped, then 0000 will be stored. Stopping Timers Use the STIM(69) instruction to stop the interval timer.
(@)STIM(69) C1 000 000
C1: Interval timer No. + 10 Interval timer 0: Interval timer 1: Interval timer 2:
010 011 012
The specified interval timer will stop. Application Example In this example, an interrupt is executed every 2.4 ms (0.6 ms x 4) by means of interval timer 1. Assume the default settings for all of the PC Setup. (Inputs are not refreshed for interrupt processing.)
25315 First Cycle Flag ON for 1 cycle MOV(21) #0004 DM 0010
Interval timer set values: Sets 4 for the decrementing counter set value.
MOV(21) #0006 DM 0011 00100 @STIM(69) 004 DM 0010 #0023 00100 @STIM(69) 011 000 000 SBN(92) 023
Sets 0.6 ms for the decrementing time interval.
Interval timer 1 starts when IR 00100 turns ON.
Interval timer 1 stops when IR 00100 turns OFF.
RET(93)
Every 2.4 ms the count is reached for interval timer 1, subroutine 023 is called, and the interrupt processing is executed.
When the program is executed, subroutine 023 will be executed every 2.4 ms while IR 00100 is ON.
IR 00100 Subroutine 023 2.4 ms 2.4 ms 2.4 ms
1-4-5 High-speed Counter 0 Interrupts

Pulse signals from a pulse encoder to CPU bits 00004 through 00006 can be counted at high speed using high-speed counter 0 (the built-in high-speed counter), and interrupt processing can be executed according to the count. Input Signal Types and Input Modes Two types of signals can be input from a pulse encoder. The input mode used for high-speed counter 0 will depend on the signal type.
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Interrupt Functions
Mode Differential phase mode Incrementing mode Operation
Section
1-4
A phase-difference 4X two-phase signal (phase-A and phase-B) and a phase-Z signal are used for inputs. The count is incremented or decremented according to differences in the 2-phase signals. One single-phase pulse signal and a count reset signal are used for inputs. The count is incremented according to the single-phase signal.
Incrementing mode Pulse input
Differential phase mode Phase-A
Phase-B
Count
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2
Count
Incremented
Decremented
Incremented only
Note One of the methods in the following section should always be used to reset the counter when restarting it. The counter will be automatically reset when program execution is started or stopped. The following signal transitions are handled as forward (incrementing) pulses: phase-A leading edge to phase-B leading edge to phase-A trailing edge to phase-B trailing edge. The following signal transitions are handled as reverse (decrementing) pulses: phase-B leading edge to phase-A leading edge to phase-B trailing edge to phase-A trailing edge. The count range is from 32,767 to 32,767 for differential phase mode, and from 0 to 65,535 for Incrementing Mode. Pulse signals can be counted at up to 2.5 kHz in differential phase mode, and up to 5.0 kHz in incrementing mode. The differential phase mode always uses a 4X phase-difference input. The number of counts for each encoder revolution would be 4 times the resolution of the counter. Select the encoder based on the countable ranges. Reset Methods Either of the two methods described below may be selected for resetting the PV of the count (i.e., setting it to 0).
Method Operation Phase-Z signal The PV is reset when the phase-Z signal (reset input) turns ON + software reset after the High-speed Counter 0 Reset Bit (SR 25200) is turned ON. Software reset The PV is reset when the High-speed Counter 0 Reset Bit (SR 25200) is turned ON.
Software reset
Phase-Z signal + software reset 1 or more cycles
Phase-Z (reset input) SR25200 1 or more cycles
1 or more cycles
Within 1 cycle Reset by cycle. Not reset.
SR25200 Within 1 cycle Reset by cycle.
Reset by interrupt.
Note The High-speed Counter 0 Reset Bit (SR 25200) is refreshed once every cycle, so in order for it to be read reliably it must be ON for at least one cycle.
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Section
1-4
The Z in phase-Z is an abbreviation for Zero. It is a signal that shows that the encoder has completed one cycle. High-speed Counter 0 Interrupt Count For high-speed counter 0 interrupts, a comparison table is used instead of a count up. The count check can be carried out by either of the two methods described below. In the comparison table, comparison conditions (for comparing to the PV) and interrupt subroutine combinations are saved.
Method Operation Target value A maximum of 16 comparison conditions (target values and count directions) and interrupt subroutine combinations are saved in the comparison table. When the counter PV and the count direction match the comparison conditions, then the specified interrupt routine is executed. Range com- Eight comparison conditions (upper and lower limits) and interrupt parison routine combinations are saved in the comparison table. When the PV is greater than or equal to the lower limit and less than or equal to the upper limit, then the specified interrupt subroutine is executed.
Target Value Comparisons The current count is compared to the target values in the order that target values are set in the comparison table and interrupts are generated as the count equals each target value. Once the count has equaled all of the target values in the table, the target value is set to the first target value in the table, which is again compared to the current counted until the two values are equal.
Count Interrupts
Comparison Table Target value 1 Target value 2 Target value 3 Target value 4 Target value 5
Initial value Target value 1 2 3 4 5
Range Comparisons The current count is compared in cyclic fashion to all of the ranges at the same time and interrupts are generated based on the results of the comparisons.
Comparison Table 0 Count 1 2 3 4 Rage setting 1 Rage setting 2 Rage setting 3 Rage setting 4
Note When performing target value comparisons, do not repeatedly use the INI instruction to change the current value of the count and start the comparison operation. The interrupt operation may not work correctly if the comparison operation is started immediately after changing the current value from the program. (The comparison operation will automatically return to the first target value once an interrupt has been generated for the last target value. Repetitious operation is thus possible merely by changing the current value.) Procedure Follow the steps outlined below when using high-speed counter 0 (the CPU Units built-in high-speed counter.)
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1, 2, 3...
Section
1-4
1. Determine the input mode (differential phase mode or incrementing mode) and reset method (phase-Z signal + software reset, or software reset) to be used. 2. Determine the interrupt specifications. a) No interrupt (Read high-speed counter PV or range comparison results.) b) Use target-value interrupts or range-comparison interrupts. 3. Wire the inputs. (Refer to the CQM1H Operation Manual for details.)
Terminal B2 A2 B3 IN4 IN5 IN6 Corresponding bit address IR 00004 IR 00005 IR 00006
4. Make PC Setup settings in DM 6642. (See page 34 for more details.) a) Set 01 in the leftmost byte to indicate that high-speed counter 0 will be used. b) Set the input mode (differential phase mode or incrementing mode.) c) Set the reset method (phase-Z signal + software reset, or software reset.) Note High-speed counter 0 cannot be used while interval timer 2 is being used. (The setting in the leftmost byte of DM 6642 determines whether high-speed counter 0 or interval timer 2 can be used.) 5. Program the associated program sections. a) Use CTBL(63) to register the comparison table and start comparison. b) Use INI(61) to change the high-speed counter PV or start comparison. c) Use PRV(62) to read the high-speed counter PV, comparison status, or comparison results. d) Write an interrupt subroutine within SBN(92) and RET(93) (only when using the high-speed counter 0 interrupt.)
High-speed counter 0
PC Setup DM 6642 bits 08 to 15
Encoder inputs
Input mode
Differential phase Incrementing
Reset method
Phase-Z + software Software
Count Ladder Program

REGISTER COMP TABLE
Generate interrupt Execute specified subroutine. Interrupt Subroutine
Register table. Start comparison. MODE CONTROL Change counter PV. Start/stop comparison.
When using interrupts. Each cycle

Counter PV SR 231 and SR 230
Each execution
HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ
Range comparison results
AR 1100 to AR 1107
Read counter PV. Read status of comparison. Read comparison results.
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Section
1-4
The following instructions are used to control high-speed counter operation.

Instruction CTBL(63) Control function Register a target value comparison table and start comparison. Register a range comparison table and start comparison. Register a target value comparison table. (Start comparison with INI(61).) Register a range comparison table. (Start comparison with INI(61).) Start comparison with registered comparison table. Stop comparison. Change high-speed counter PV. Read high-speed counter PV. Read range comparison results
INI(61)
PRV(62)
The following flags and control bits are used to monitor and control high-speed counter operation.
Word SR 230 SR 231 SR 252 AR 11 Bits 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 00 to 07 Name High-speed Counter 0 PV (rightmost 4 digits) High-speed Counter 0 PV (leftmost 4 digits) High-speed Counter 0 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 0 Range Comparison Flags Function Contains the present value of high-speed counter 0 (the CPU Units built-in high-speed counter.) Resets the PV of high-speed counter 0. Indicate the range comparison results for high-speed counter 0. 0: Range condition not satisfied. 1: Range condition satisfied.
Wiring
Depending on the input mode, the input signals from the pulse encoder to the CPU Units input terminal are as shown below.
Terminal B2 (IN4) A2 (IN5) B3 (IN6) Allocated bit address 00004 00005 00006 Differential phase mode Encoder phase-A Encoder phase-B Encoder phase-Z Incrementing mode Pulse count input --Reset input
If the software reset is to be used, IR 00006 can be used as an ordinary input. Note 1. When the input mode is set to incrementing mode, IR 00005 can be used as an ordinary input. 2. When the reset method is set to software reset, IR 00006 can be used as an ordinary input.
33
Interrupt Functions
Section
1-4
The following diagram shows a wiring example with an E6B2-CWZ6C NPN open-collector output.
CPU Unit Encoder (Voltage: 12 V) Black
(Differential phase mode)
Phase A
IN4 (Encoder phase A) IN5 (Encoder phase B) IN6 (Encoder phase Z) COM
White Phase B Orange Phase Z Brown +Vcc Blue 0 V (COM)
12-V DC power supply
PC Setup
When using high-speed counter 0 interrupts, make the settings in PROGRAM mode shown below before executing the program. Input Refresh Word Settings (DM 6638) Make these settings when it is necessary to refresh inputs. The setting is the same as that for interval timer 2.
Bit 15 DM 6638 0
Number of words (2-digit BCD) Beginning word (2-digit BCD) Default: No input refresh
00 to 16 00 to 15 (IR 000 to IR 015)
High-speed Counter 0 Settings (DM 6642) If these settings are not made, high-speed counter 0 cannot be used in the program.
Bit 15 DM 6642 0
High-speed counter 0 used. Reset method 0: Phase-Z and software reset 1: Software reset Input mode 0: Differential phase mode 4: Incrementing Mode Default: High-speed counter 0 not used.
Changes in the setting in DM 6642 become effective only when power is turned ON or PC program execution is started. Programming Use the following steps to program high-speed counter 0. High-speed counter 0 begins the counting operation when the proper PC Setup settings are made, but comparisons will not be made with the comparison table and interrupts will not be generated unless the CTBL(63) instruction is executed. High-speed counter 0 is reset to 0 when power is turned ON and when operation begins. The present value of high-speed counter 0 is maintained in SR 230 and SR 231.
34
Interrupt Functions
Controlling High-speed Counter 0 Interrupts 1, 2, 3...
Section
1-4
1. Use the CTBL(63) instruction to save the comparison table in the CQM1H and begin comparisons.
(@)CTBL(63) 000 C TB
C: (3-digit BCD) 000: Target table set and comparison begun 001: Range table set and comparison begun 002: Target table set only 003: Range table set only TB: Beginning word of comparison table
If C is set to 000, then comparisons will be made by the target matching method; if 001, then they will be made by the range comparison method. The comparison table will be saved, and, when the save operation is complete, then comparisons will begin. While comparisons are being executed, high-speed interrupts will be executed according to the comparison table. For details on the contents of the comparison tables that are saved, refer to the explanation of the CTBL(63) instruction in Section 5 Instruction Set. Note The comparison results are normally stored in AR 1100 through AR 1107 while the range comparison is being executed. If C is set to 002, then comparisons will be made by the target matching method; if 003, then they will be made by the range comparison method. For either of these settings, the comparison table will be saved, but comparisons will not begin, and the INI(61) instruction must be used to begin comparisons. 2. To stop comparisons, execute the INI(61) instruction as shown below.
(@)INI(61) 000 001 000
To start comparisons again, set the second operand to 000 (execute comparison), and execute the INI(61) instruction. Once a table has been saved, it will be retained in the CQM1H during operation (i.e., during program execution) as long as no other table is saved. Reading the PV There are two ways to read the PV. The first is to read it from SR 230 and SR 231, and the second to use the PRV(62) instruction. 1, 2, 3... 1. Reading SR 230 and SR 231 The PV of high-speed counter 0 is stored in SR 230 and SR 231 as shown below. The leftmost digit will be F for negative values.
Leftmost 4 digits SR 231 Rightmost 4 digits SR 230 Differential phase mode F0032768 to 00032767 (32,768) Incrementing mode 00000000 to 00065535
Note These words are refreshed only once every cycle, so there may be a difference from the actual PV. When high-speed counter 0 is not being used, the bits in these words can be used as work bits. 2. Using the PRV(62) Instruction
35
Interrupt Functions
Section
1-4
Read the PV of high-speed counter 0 by using the PRV(62) instruction.

(@)PRV(62) 000 000 P1
P1: First word address of PV
The PV of high-speed counter 0 is stored as shown below. The leftmost digit will be F for negative values.
Leftmost 4 digits P1+1 Rightmost 4 digits P1 Differential phase mode F0032768 to 00032767 (32,768) Incrementing mode 00000000 to 00065535
The PV is read when the PRV(62) instruction is actually executed. Changing the PV There are two ways to change the PV of high-speed counter 0. The first way is to reset it by using the reset methods. (In this case the PV is reset to 0.) The second way is to use the INI(61) instruction. The method using the INI(61) instruction is explained here. For an explanation of the reset method, refer to the beginning of this description of high-speed counter 0. Change the timer PV by using the INI(61) instruction as shown below.
(@)INI(61) 000 002 D
D: First word address for storing PV change data
Leftmost 4 digits D+1
Rightmost 4 digits D
Differential phase mode F0032768 to 00032767
Incrementing mode 00000000 to 00065535
To specify a negative number, set F in the leftmost digit. Operation Example This example shows a program for using high-speed counter 0 in the Incrementing Mode, making comparisons by means of the target matching method, and changing the frequency of pulse outputs according to the counters PV. Before executing the program, set the PC Setup as follows: DM 6642: 0114 (High-speed counter 0 used with software reset and Incrementing Mode). For all other PC Setup, use the default settings. (Inputs are not refreshed at the time of interrupt processing, and pulse outputs are executed for IR 100.)
36
Interrupt Functions
Section
In addition, the following data is stored for the comparison table: DM 0000: DM 0001: DM 0002: DM 0003: DM 0004: DM 0005: DM 0006: 0002 1000 0000 0101 2000 0000 0102 Number of comparison conditions: 2 Target value 1: 1000 Comparison 1 interrupt subroutine: 101 Target value 1: 2000 Comparison 2 interrupt subroutine: 102
1-4
25315 (ON for 1 scan) CTBL(63) 000 000 DM 0000 SPED(64) 020 001 #0050 SBN(92) 25313 (Always ON) SPED(64) 020 001 #0020 RET(93) SBN(92) 25313 (Always ON) SPED(64) 020 001 #0000 RET(93) 102 101
Saves the comparison table in target matching format, and begins comparing.
Begins continuous pulse output to IR10002 at 500 Hz.
When the high-speed counter value reaches 1000, subroutine 101 is called and the frequency of the pulse output is changed to 200 Hz.
When the high-speed counter value reaches 2000, subroutine 102 is called and the pulse output is stopped by setting the frequency to 0.
When the program is executed, operation will be as follows:

Pulse frequency (Hz)
500
200
Time elapsed (s)

0
1-4-6 High-speed Counter 0 Overflows/Underflows

If the allowable counting range for high-speed counter 0 is exceeded, and underflow or overflow status will occur and the counters PV will remain at 0FFF FFFF for overflows and FFFF FFFF for underflows until the overflow/underflow status is cleared by resetting the counter. The allowable counting ranges are as follows: Differential phase mode: F003 2768 to 0003 2767 Incrementing Mode: 0000 0000 to 0006 5535
37
Pulse Output Function

Note
Section
1-5
1. The values given above are theoretical and assume a reasonably short cycle time. The values will actually be those that existed one cycle before the overflow/underflow existed. 2. The 6th and 7th digits of high-speed counter 0s PV are normally 00, but can be used as Overflow/Underflow Flags by detecting values beyond the allowable counting ranges. High-speed counter 0 can be reset as described in the previous section or it can be reset automatically by restarting program execution. High-speed counter 0 and related operations will not function normally until the overflow/underflow status is cleared. Operations during overflow/underflow status will be as follows. Comparison table operation will stop. The comparison table will not be cleared. Interrupt routines for the high-speed counter will not be executed. CTBL(63) can be used only to register the comparison table. If an attempt is made to start comparison table operation, operation will not start and the comparison table will not be registered. INI(61) cannot be used to start or stop comparison table operation or to change the present value. PRV(62) will read out only 0FFF FFFF or FFFF FFFF as the present value. Use the following procedure to recover from overflow/underflow status. With Comparison Table Registered
Recovery 1, 2, 3...
1. Reset the counter. 2. Set the PV with PRV(62) if necessary. 3. Set the comparison table with CTBL(63) if necessary 4. Start comparison table operation with INI(61). Without Comparison Table Registered 1. Reset the counter. 2. Set the PV with PRV(62) if necessary. 3. Set the comparison table and start operation with CTBL(63) and INI(61).
1, 2, 3...
Note The range comparison results in AR 11 will remain after recovery. The interrupt routine for a interrupt condition meet immediately after recovery will not be executed if the interrupt condition was already met before the overflow/underflow status occurred. If interrupt routine execution is necessary, clear AR 11 before proceeding. Reset Operation When high-speed counter 0 is reset, the PV will be set to 0, counting will begin from 0, and the comparison table, execution status, and execution results will be maintained. When high-speed counter 0 is started, the counter mode in the PC Setup will be read and used, the PV will be set to 0, overflow/underflow status will be cleared, the comparison table registration and execution status will be cleared, and range execution results will be cleared. (Range execution results are always cleared when operation is begun or when the comparison table is registered.) When high-speed counter 0 is stopped, the PV will be maintained, the comparison table registration and execution status will be cleared, and range execution results will be maintained.
Startup Counter Status
Stopped Counter Status
1-5

This section explains the settings and methods for using the CQM1H pulse output function. Refer to the CQM1H Operation Manual for details on hardware connections to output points and ports.
38
Section
1-5
Standard pulses can be output from a Transistor Output Units output using SPED(64). Pulses can be output from just one bit at a time. The duty factor of the pulse output is 50% and the frequency can be set from 20 Hz to 1 kHz.
Transistor Output Unit
t on + 50% (0.5) T
Item Applicable Unit Pulse output Transistor Output Unit
Specification Pulse output from specified bit Any output word from IR 100 to IR 115 can be specified, but pulses can be output from just one bit of the word at a time.
Features
Frequency: Duty factor: Word specification: Bit specification:
20 Hz to 1 kHz 50% PC Setup (DM 6615) In the ladder instruction PULS(65) SPED(64) SPED(64) SPED(64) or INI(61)
Applicable instructions
Setting number of pulses: Starting the pulse output: Changing the frequency: Stopping the pulse output:
Transistor Output Unit Motor driver
24 V DC
Pulse Output Operations
The following table shows the pulse output operations that can be made with combinations of PULS(65), SPED(64), and INI(61).
Frequency change Start pulse output at the specified frequency. Outputs continuously (continuous mode) or until the specified number of pulses have been output (independent mode.) (Execute PULS(65) and then SPED(64) when using independent mode.) Change the frequency (in steps) of pulses being output. Stop pulse output with an instruction. (Execute SPED(64) or INI(61).) INI(61) SPED(64) Instruction PULS(65) SPED(64) Operand settings Number of pulses (independent mode only) Port Mode Frequency Port Mode Frequency Port Frequency= 0 Control word=003
SPED(64)
Note A Transistor Output Unit must be used for this application.
39
Section
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When outputting pulses from an output point, the frequency can be changed in steps by executing SPED(64) again with different frequencies, as shown in the following diagram.
Frequency
Time
Pulses can be output from an output in continuous mode or independent mode. Continuous Mode Pulses are output continuously until stopped with SPED(64) or INI(61). Independent Mode The pulse output stops automatically once the number of pulses specified in SPED(64) have been output. (The pulse output can also be stopped prematurely with SPED(64) or INI(61).) Procedure Follow the steps outlined below when outputting pulses from a Transistor Output Unit. Pulses can be output from only one terminal on the Transistor Output Unit at a time. 1, 2, 3... 1. Determine the IR word (IR 100 to IR 115) to be used for the pulse output. 2. Wire the Transistor Output Unit. Wire the terminal corresponding to the bit that will actually be used in the selected word. 3. Set the desired IR word address in DM 6615 of the PC Setup. Settings 0000 to 0015 BCD correspond to IR 100 to IR 115. (See page 40 for more details.) 4. Program the associated program sections. a) PULS(65) can be used to set the number of output pulses. b) SPED(64) can be used to control the pulse output (a pulse output without acceleration or deceleration.) c) INI(61) can be used to stop the pulse output.
Transistor pulse output (from an Output Unit allocated a word between IR 100 and IR 115) No. of pulses Frequency Pulse output
Ladder Program SET PULSES

Set the number of output pulses (8-digit BCD.)
Ladder Program SPEED OUTPUT

Set the output mode (continuous or independent.) Set the pulse frequency (20 Hz to 1 kHz.) Start the pulse output.
PC Setup DM 6615 bits 00 to 07 Each cycle Pulse output status
MODE CONTROL
Stop the pulse output.
PC Setup Settings
Before executing SPED(64) to output pulses from an Output Unit, set the PC to PROGRAM mode and make the following settings in the PC Setup. In DM 6615, specify the output word that will be used for SPED(64) pulse output to Output Units. (The bit is specified in the first operand in SPED(64).)
40
Communications Functions
Section
1-6
The content of DM 6615 (0000 to 0015) specifies output words IR 100 to IR 115. For example, if DM 6615 is set to 0002, pulses will be output to IR 102.
Bit 15 DM 6615 0 0
Always 00 Output word (rightmost 2 digits, BCD): 00 to 15 Default: Pulse output to IR 100.
Continuous Pulse Output
Pulses will begin to be output at the specified output bit when SPED(64) is executed. Set the output bit from 00 to 15 (D=000 to 150) and the frequency from 20 Hz to 1000 Hz (F=0002 to 0100). Set the mode to continuous mode (M=001).
Execution condition @SPED(64) D M F
The pulse output can be stopped by executing INI(61) with C=003 or executing SPED(64) again with the frequency set to 0. The frequency can be changed by executing SPED(64) again with a different frequency setting. Setting the Number of Pulses The total number of pulses that will be output can be set with PULS(65) before executing SPED(64) in independent mode. The pulse output will stop automatically when the number of pulses set by PULS(65) have been output.
Execution condition @PULS(65) 000 000 P1
PULS(65) sets the 8-digit number of pulses P1+1, P1. These pulses can be set from 00000001 to 16777215. The number of pulses set with PULS(65) is accessed when SPED(64) is executed in independent mode. (The number of pulses cannot be changed for pulses that are being output.)
Execution condition @SPED(64) D M F
When SPED(64) is executed, pulses will begin to be output at the specified output bit (D=000 to 150: bit 00 to 15) at the specified frequency (F=0002 to 0100: 20 Hz to 1000 Hz). Set the mode to independent mode (M=000) to output the number of pulses set with PULS(65). The frequency can be changed by executing SPED(64) again with a different frequency setting. Changing the Frequency The frequency of the pulse output can be changed by executing SPED(64) again with a different frequency setting. Use the same output bit (P) and mode (M) settings that were used to start the pulse output. The new frequency can be frequency 20 Hz to 1000 Hz (F=0002 to 0100).
1-6
The following table shows which communications modes are supported by the CQM1H CPU Units communications ports. (The CQM1H-CPU11 CPU Unit is not equipped with an RS-232C port.)
41
Section
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The PC Setup settings and communications procedures for these communications modes are described later in this section.
Communications Programming Console bus Peripheral bus Host Link Protocol Macro Uses Programming Console connection Connection to a personal computer with Support Software Host Link or Programmable Terminal connection Data transfer with standard external devices using arbitrary protocol No-protocol communications with standard external devices Establishing a data link with another CPU Unit Establishing a 1:1 Data Link with a Programmable Terminal Establishing a 1:1 Data Link with a Programmable Terminal or a 1:N connection with two or more Programmable Terminals Port Peripheral RS-232C YES No YES YES No No YES No
No-protocol 1:1 data link NT Link in 1:1 mode NT Link in 1:N mode
YES No No No
YES YES YES (See note.) No
Note
1. The Programmable Terminals Programming Console functions can be used, but pin 7 on the DIP switch must be ON. 2. Turn ON pin 7 of the CPU Units DIP Switch when using the peripheral port for any device other than a Programming Console.
Automatic Mode Change
When the PC is in RUN mode with a Programming Console connected to the peripheral port of the CPU Unit, if a PT is connected to the CPU Units built-in RS-232C port or either of the ports of a CQM1H-SCB41 using Host Link mode, the following message will be displayed at the Programming Console indicating that a password is required to continue operation (using the Programming Console). <MONITOR> PASSWORD! This is because, in order to write data to the CPU Unit, the PT changed the operation mode from RUN mode to MONITOR mode. To continue operation using the Programming Console, it is necessary to input the password again. Inputting the Password <MONITOR> PASSWORD!
CLR MONTR
<MONITOR> 00000
BZ
CLR
The mode will not be changed if the PT is connected via an NT Link. When a Programming Device installed on a computer is connected to the peripheral port, the display (at the computer) for the CPU Units operation mode will simply change from RUN to MONITOR.
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Section
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1-6-1 Host Link and No-protocol Communications Settings

This section explains the PC Setup settings that are shared by the Host Link and no-protocol communications modes. Make the required PC Setup settings before attempting to establish Host Link or no-protocol communications. Note If pin 5 on the CQM1Hs DIP switch is turned ON, the PC Setup communications parameters will be ignored and the following settings will be used.
Parameter Communications mode Node number Start bits Data length Stop bits Parity Baud rate Transmission delay 00 1 bit 7 bits 2 bit Even 9,600 bps None Setting when DIP Switch pin 5 is ON Host Link
The PC Setup parameters in DM 6645 through DM 6654 are used to set parameters for the communications ports. Communications Settings (DM 6645 and DM 6650) The settings in DM 6645 and DM 6650 determine the main communications parameters, as shown in the following diagram.
Bit 15 DM 6645: RS-232C port DM 6650: Peripheral port Communications mode 0: Host Link 1: No-protocol 2: One-to-one data link slave* 3: One-to-one data link master* 4: NT Link in 1:1 mode* Link words for 1:1 data link* 0: LR 00 to LR 63 1: LR 00 to LR 31 2: LR 00 to LR 15 CTS control settings 0: Disabled 1: Enabled Port settings 0: Standard communication conditions 1: According to setting in DM 6646, DM 6651 Default (0000): Host Link using standard parameters, no CTS control 0
Note *These settings can be made for the RS-232C port (DM 6645), but
not for the peripheral port (DM 6650).
Communications Settings (DM 6646 and DM 6651)
When pin 5 of the CPU Units DIP Switch is OFF and the settings in DM 6646 (or DM 6651) are enabled in DM 6645 (or DM 6650), these settings determine the transmission frame format and baud rate, as shown in the following diagram.
Bit 15 DM 6646: RS-232C port DM 6651: Peripheral port 0
Transmission Frame Format (See table below.) Baud rate (See table below.) Default: Standard communication conditions.
43
Transmission Frame Format
Setting 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Stop bits 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 Data length 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 Stop bits
Section
1-6
Parity Even Odd None Even Odd None Even Odd None Even Odd None
Baud Rate
Setting 00 01 02 03 04 Baud rate 1,200 bps 2,400 bps 4,800 bps 9,600 bps 19,200 bps
Transmission Delay Time (DM 6647 and DM 6652)
Depending on the devices connected to the communications port, it may be necessary to allow time for transmission. When that is the case, set the transmission delay to regulate the amount of time allowed.
Bit 15 DM 6647: RS-232C port DM 6652: Peripheral port Transmission delay (4 digits BCD; unit: 10 ms) Default: No delay 0
The transmission delay is set in the PC Setup to create a minimum interval between sending data from the PC. The transmission delay is used for the following serial communications modes.
Serial communications mode Host Link, responses Application Once the PC has sent a response to the host computer, it will not send the next response until the time set for the transmission delay has expired.
Once the PC has sent data using TXD(48), it will not Host Link, PC-initiated send data again until the time set for the communications No-protocol communications transmission delay has expired.
The delay is not used the first time data is sent from the PC. The delay will affect other sends only if the normal time for the send comes before the time set for the transmission delay has expired. If the delay time has already expired when the next send is ready, the data will be spent immediately. If the delay time has not expired, the send will be delayed until the time set for the transmission delay has expired.
44
Section
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The operation of the transmission delay for data sent from the PC is illustrated below.
Transmission delay Transmission delay Response/data sent 1st send from PC Response/data sent Transmission delay Response/data sent 3rd send from PC Response/data sent Time
2nd send from PC
4th send from PC
1-6-2 Host Link Communications Settings and Procedures

This section explains the PC Setup settings and procedure required for Host Link communications. PC Setup Settings Be sure to write 00 in the leftmost digits of DM 6645 (RS-232C port) or DM 6650 (peripheral port) to specify Host Link communications. Other Host Link communications parameters are set in the rightmost two digits of DM 6645/DM 6650 and DM 6646/DM 6651. A node number must be set for Host Link communications to differentiate between nodes when multiple nodes are participating in communications. This setting is required only for Host Link communications.
Node number (2 digits BCD): 00 to 31 Default: 00
The node number is normally set to 00. Other settings are not required unless multiple nodes are connected in a network. Overview of Host Link Communications Host Link communications were developed by OMRON for the purpose of connecting PCs and one or more host computers by RS-232C cable, and controlling PC communications from the host computer. Normally the host computer issues a command to a PC, and the PC automatically sends back a response. Thus the communications are carried out without the PCs being actively involved. The PCs also have the ability to initiate data transmissions when direct involvement is necessary. In general, there are two means for implementing Host Link communications. One is based on C-mode commands, and the other on FINS (CV-mode) commands. The CQM1H supports C-mode commands only. For details on Host Link communications, refer to Section 6 Host Link Commands. This section explains how to use the Host Link to execute data transmissions from the CQM1H. Using this method enables automatic data transmission from the CQM1H when data is changed, and thus simplifies the communications process by eliminating the need for constant monitoring by the computer. 1, 2, 3... 1. Check to see that AR 0805 (RS-232C Port Transmission Enabled Flag) is ON. 2. Use the TXD(48) instruction to transmit the data.
(@)TXD(48) S C N
Communications Procedure
S: Beginning word address of transmission data C: Control data 0000: RS-232C port 1000: Peripheral port N: Number of bytes of data to be sent (4 digits BCD) 0000 to 0061
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Section
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From the time this instruction is executed until the data transmission is complete, AR 0805 (or AR 0813 for the peripheral port) will remain OFF. It will turn ON again upon completion of the data transmission. The TXD(48) instruction does not provide a response, so in order to receive confirmation that the computer has received the data, the computers program must be written so that it gives notification when data is written from the CQM1H. The transmission data frame is as shown below for data transmitted in the Host Link Mode by means of the TXD(48) instruction.
@ x 101 x 100 Node No. E X Data (up to 122 characters) FCS :
Header code (Must be EX)
Terminator
To reset the RS-232C port (i.e., to restore the initial status), turn ON SR 25209. To reset the peripheral port, turn ON SR 25208. These bits will turn OFF automatically after the reset. If the TXD(48) instruction is executed while the CQM1H is in the middle of responding to a command from the computer, the response transmission will first be completed before the transmission is executed according to the TXD(48) instruction. In all other cases, data transmission based on a TXD(48) instruction will be given first priority. Application Example This example shows a program for using the RS-232C port in the Host Link Mode to transmit 10 bytes of data (DM 0000 to DM 0004) to the computer. The default values are assumed for all the PC Setup (i.e., the RS-232C port is used in Host Link Mode, the node number is 00, and the standard communications conditions are used.) From DM 0000 to DM 0004, 1234 is stored in every word. From the computer, execute a program to receive CQM1H data with the standard communications conditions.
00100 AR0805 @TXD(48) DM 0000 #0000 #0010
If AR 0805 (the Transmission Enabled Flag) is ON when IR 00100 turns ON, the ten bytes of data (DM 0000 to DM 0004) will be transmitted.
46
Section
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The following type of program must be prepared in the host computer to receive the data. This program allows the computer to read and display the data received from the PC while a Host Link read command is being executed to read data from the PC. 10 CQM1H SAMPLE PROGRAM FOR EXCEPTION 20 CLOSE 1 30 CLS 40 OPEN COM:E73 AS #1 50 :KEYIN 60 INPUT DATA ,S$ 70 IF S$= THEN GOTO 190 80 PRINT SEND DATA = ;S$ 90 ST$=S$ 100 INPUT SEND OK? Y or N?=,B$ 110 IF B$=Y THEN GOTO 130 ELSE GOTO :KEYIN 120 S$=ST$ 130 PRINT #1,S$ Sends command to PC 140 INPUT #1,R$ Receives response from PC 150 PRINT RECV DATA = ;R$ 160 IF MID$(R$,4,2)=EX THEN GOTO 210 Identifies command from PC 170 IF RIGHT$(R$,1)<>: THEN S$= :GOTO 130 180 GOTO :KEYIN 190 CLOSE 1 200 END 210 PRINT EXCEPTION!! DATA 220 GOTO 140 The data received by the computer will be as shown below. (FCS is 59.) @00EX1234123412341234123459:CR
1-6-3 No-protocol Communications Settings and Procedures

This section explains the PC Setup settings and procedure required for No-protocol communications. No-protocol communications allow data to be exchanged with standard devices. For example, data can be output to a printer or input from a bar code reader. PC Setup Settings Be sure to write 10 in the leftmost digits of DM 6645 (RS-232C port) or DM 6650 (peripheral port) to specify No-protocol communications. Other communications parameters are set in the rightmost two digits of DM 6645/DM 6650 and DM 6646/DM 6651. The start and end codes or the amount of data to be received can be set as shown in the following diagrams if required for no-protocol communications. This setting is required only for no-protocol communications. These settings are valid only when pin 5 on the DIP Switch is OFF. Enabling Start and End Codes
DM 6648: RS-232C port DM 6653: Peripheral port Bit 15 0
End code 0: Not set (Amount of reception data specified.) 1: Set (End code specified.) 2: CR/LF Start code 0: Not set 1: Set (Start code specified.) Defaults: No start or end code (Specify number of bytes to receive.)
Specify whether or not a start code is to be set at the beginning of the data, and whether or not an end code is to be set at the end. Instead of setting the end
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code, it is possible to specify the number of bytes to be received before the reception operation is completed. Both the codes and the number of bytes of data to be received are set in DM 6649 or DM 6654. Setting the Start Code, End Code, and Amount of Reception Data
End code or number of bytes to be received For end code: (00 to FF) For amount of reception data: 2 digits hexadecimal, 00 to FF (00: 256 bytes) Start code 00 to FF Defaults: No start code; data reception complete at 256 bytes.
Communications Procedure Transmissions 1, 2, 3... 1. Check to see that AR 0805 (the RS-232C Port Transmission Enabled Flag) has turned ON. 2. Use the TXD(48) instruction to transmit the data.
(@)TXD(48) S C N
S: Leading word of data to be transmitted C: Control data N: Number of bytes to be transmitted (4 digits BCD), 0000 to 0256
From the time this instruction is executed until the data transmission is complete, AR 0805 (or AR0813 for the peripheral port) will remain OFF. (It will turn ON again upon completion of the data transmission.) Start and end codes are not included when the number of bytes to be transmitted is specified. The largest transmission that can be sent with or without start and end codes in 256 bytes, N will be between 254 and 256 depending on the designations for start and end codes. If the number of bytes to be sent is set to 0000, only the start and end codes will be sent.
256 bytes max.
Start code
Data
End code
To reset the RS-232C port (i.e., to restore the initial status), turn ON SR 25209. To reset the peripheral port, turn ON SR 25208. These bites will turn OFF automatically after the reset. Receptions 1, 2, 3... 1. Confirm that AR 0806 (RS-232C Reception Completed Flag) or AR 0814 (Peripheral Reception Completed Flag) is ON.
48
2. Use the RXD(47) instruction to receive the data.
(@)RXD(47) D C N
Section
1-6
D: Leading word for storing reception data C: Control data Bits 00 to 03 0: Leftmost bytes first 1: Rightmost bytes first Bits 12 to 15 0: RS-232C port 1: Peripheral port N: Number of bytes stored (4 digits BCD), 0000 to 0256
3. The results of reading the data received will be stored in the AR area. Check to see that the operation was successfully completed. The contents of these bits will be reset each time RXD(47) is executed.
RS-232C port AR 0800 to AR 0803 AR 0804 AR 0807 Peripheral port AR 0808 to AR 0811 AR0812 AR0815 Error RS-232C port error code (1 digit BCD) 0: Normal completion 1: Parity error 2: Framing error 3: Overrun error Communications error Reception Overrun Flag (After reception was completed, the subsequent data was received before the data was read by means of the RXD(47) instruction.) Number of bytes received (4-digit BCD)
AR 09
AR10
To reset the RS-232C port (i.e., to restore the initial status), turn ON SR 25209. To reset the peripheral port, turn ON SR 25208. These bits will turn OFF automatically after the reset. The start code and end code are not included in AR 09 or AR 10 (number of bytes received). Application Example This example shows a program for using the RS-232C port in the no-protocol mode to transmit 10 bytes of data (DM 0100 to DM 0104) to the computer, and to store the data received from the computer in the DM area beginning with DM 0200. Before executing the program, the following PC Setup setting must be made. DM 6645: 1000 (RS-232C port in no-protocol mode; standard communications conditions) DM 6648: 2000 (No start code; end code CR/LF) The default values are assumed for all other PC Setup settings. From DM 0100 to DM 0104, 3132 is stored in every word. From the computer, execute a program to receive CQM1H data with the standard communications conditions.
00100 DIFU(13) 00101 AR0805 @TXD(48) DM 0100 #0000 #0010 AR0806 @RXD(47) DM 0200 #0000 AR09 00101
If AR 0805 (the Transmission Enabled Flag) is ON when IR 00100 turns ON, the ten bytes of data (DM 0100 to DM 0104) will be transmitted, leftmost bytes first.
When AR 0806 (Reception Completed Flag) goes ON, the number of bytes of data specified in AR 09 will be read from the CQM1Hs reception buffer and stored in memory starting at DM 0200, leftmost bytes first.
The data will be as follows: 31323132313231323132CR LF
49
Section
1-6
1-6-4 One-to-one Data Links

If a CQM1H is linked one-to-one by connecting it to another CPU Unit through their RS-232C ports, they can share common LR areas. One of the PCs will serve as the master and the other as the slave. A CQM1H can be linked one-toone with any of the following PCs: CQM1H, CQM1, C200HX/HG/HE, C200HS, CPM1, CPM1A, CPM2A, CPM2C, or SRM1(-V2). Note The peripheral port cannot be used for 1:1 Data Links. Use the CPU Units builtin RS-232C port or a Serial Communications Boards RS-232C or RS-422A/485 port. One-to-one Data Links A 1:1 Data Link allows two CQM1Hs to share common data in their LR areas. As shown in the diagram below, when data is written into a word the LR area of one of the linked Units, it will automatically be written identically into the same word of the other Unit. Each PC has specified words to which it can write and specified words that are written to by the other PC. Each can read, but cannot write, the words written by the other PC.
Master Master area Write 1 Written automatically. Slave area 1 1 Write Slave area Slave 1 Master area
The word used by each PC will be as shown in the following table, according to the settings for the master, slave, and link words. Set the link area to LR 00 to LR 15 if the CQM1H is being linked with a CPM1, CPM1A, CPM2A, or SRM1(-V2) PC.
DM 6645 setting LR 00 to LR 15 LR 00 to LR 31 LR 00 to LR 63 Master area LR 00 to LR 07 LR 00 to LR 15 LR 00 to LR 31 Slave area LR 08 to LR 15 LR 16 to LR 31 LR 32 to LR 63
PC Setup Settings
To use a 1:1 Data Link, the only settings necessary are the communications mode and the link words. Set the communications mode for one of the PCs to the 1:1 Data Link Master and the other to the 1:1 Data Link Slave, and then set the link words in the PC designated as the master.
Bit DM 6645 Communications mode 2: One-to-one data link slave 3: One-to-one data link master Link words 0: LR 00 to LR 63 1: LR 00 to LR 31 2: LR 00 to LR 15 Default: Communications mode = 0 (Host Link) 15 0
Note These settings are valid only when pin 5 of the CPU Units DIP Switch is OFF. Bits 08 to 11 are valid only in the 1:1 Data Link Master. Communications Procedure If the settings for the master and the slave are made correctly, then the One-toone Data Link will be automatically started up simply by turning on the power supply to both of the CPU Units and operation will be independent of the CPU Units operating modes.
50
Link Errors
Section
1-6
If a slave does not received a response from the master within one second, the 1:1 Data Link Error Flag (AR 0802) and the Communications Error Flag (AR 0804) will be turned ON. This example shows a program for verifying the conditions for executing a Oneto-one Data Link using the RS-232C ports. Before executing the program, set the following PC Setup parameters. Master: DM 6645: 3200 (1:1 Data Link Master; Area used: LR 00 to LR 15) Slave: DM 6645: 2000 (1:1 Data Link Slave) The defaults are assumed for all other PC Setup parameters. The words used for the One-to-one Data Link are as shown below.
LR 00 LR 07 LR 08 LR 15 Master Area for writing Area for reading Slave Area for reading Area for writing LR 07 LR 08 LR 15 LR 00
Application Example
When the program is executed at both the master and the slave, the status of IR 001 of each Unit will be reflected in IR 100 of the other Unit. Likewise, the status of the other Units IR 001 will be reflected in IR 100 of each Unit. IR 001 is an input word and IR 100 is an output word In the Master
25313 (Always ON) MOV(21) 001 LR00
MOV(21) LR08 100
In the Slave
25313 (Always ON) MOV(21) 001 LR08
MOV(21) LR00 100
1-6-5 NT Link 1:1 Mode Communications

This section explains communications with a Programmable Terminal with the communications mode set to NT Link in 1:1 mode. The peripheral port cannot be used for NT Link communications. Settings Set the communications mode to NT Link in 1:1 mode by setting DM 6645 to 4000. Be sure that pin 5 of the CPU Units DIP Switch is OFF. For details on Programmable Terminal settings, refer to the Programming Terminals Operation Manual. NT Link communications were developed by OMRON to provide high-speed communications between the PC and a Programmable Terminal. There are two
Overview of NT Link 1:1 Mode Communications
51
Calculating with Signed Binary Data
Section
1-7
kinds of NT Link communications: 1:1 mode in which a single Programmable Terminal is connected to the PC and 1:N mode in which several Programmable Terminals can be connected to the PC. The CQM1Hs built-in RS-232C port supports only 1:1 mode communications, but both 1:1 and 1:N modes can be used if an optional Serial Communications Board is installed in the PC. Some Programmable Terminals are equipped with Programming Console functions which allow the Programmable Terminal to program and monitor the CQM1H. The Programmable Terminals Programming Console functions cannot be used if a Programming Console is connected to the CQM1Hs peripheral port. Refer to the Programming Terminals Operation Manual for details on the Programming Console functions. Communications Procedure With NT Link communications, the PC automatically responds to commands issued from the Programmable Terminal, so communications programming is not required in the CQM1H and there is no NT Link communications procedure to perform.
1-6-6 Wiring Ports

Refer to the CQM1H Operation Manual for information on wiring the communications ports.
1-7

The CQM1H PCs allow calculations on signed binary data. The following instructions manipulate signed binary data. Signed data is handled using 2s complements. The following signed-binary instructions are available in CQM1H PCs: Single-word Instructions 2S COMPLEMENT NEG() BINARY ADD ADB(50) BINARY SUBTRACT SBB(51) SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY MBS() SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE DBS() Double-word (Long) Instructions DOUBLE 2S COMPLEMENT NEGL() DOUBLE BINARY ADD ADBL() DOUBLE BINARY SUBTRACT SBBL() DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY MBSL() DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE DBSL()
1-7-1 Definition of Signed Binary Data

The CQM1H provides instructions that operate on either one or two words of data. Signed binary data is manipulated using 2s complements and the MSB of the one- or two-word data is used as the sign bit. The range of data that can be expressed using one or two words is thus as follows: One-word data: 32,768 to 32,767 (8000 to 7FFF hexadecimal) Two-word data: 2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 (8000 0000 to 7FFF FFFF hexadecimal)
52
Section
1-7
The following table shows equivalents between decimal and hexadecimal data.
Decimal 2,147,483,647 2,147,483,646 . . . 32,768 32,767 32,766 . . . 2 1 0 1 2 . . . 32,767 32,768 32,769 . . . 2,147,483,647 2,147,483,648 16-bit Hex . . . 7FFF 7FFE . . . 0002 0001 0000 FFFF FFFE . . . 8001 8000 . . . 32-bit Hex 7FFF FFFF 7FFF FFFE . . . 0000 8000 0000 7FFF 0000 7FFE . . . 0000 0002 0000 0001 0000 0000 FFFF FFFF FFFF FFFE . . . FFFF 8001 FFFF 8000 FFFF 7FFF . . . 8000 0001 8000 0000
1-7-2 Arithmetic Flags

The results of executing signed binary instructions is reflected in the arithmetic flags. The flags and the conditions under which it will turn ON are given in the following table. The flags will be OFF when these conditions are not met.
Flag Carry Flag (SR 25504) Equals Flag (SR 25506) ON conditions Carry in an addition. Negative results for subtraction. The results of addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division is 0. Results of converting 2s complement is 0. 32,767 (7FFF) was exceeded in results of 16-bit addition or subtraction. 2,147,483,647 (7FFF FFFF) was exceeded in results of 32-bit addition or subtraction. Underflow Flag (SR 25405) 32,768 (8000) was exceeded in results of 16-bit addition or subtraction, or conversion of 2s complement. 2,147,483,648 (8000 0000) was exceeded in results of 32-bit addition or subtraction, or conversion of 2s complement.
Overflow Flag (SR 25404)
1-7-3 Inputting Signed Binary Data Using Decimal Values

Although calculations for signed binary data use hexadecimal expressions, inputs from the Programming Console or CX-Programmer can be done using decimal inputs and mnemonics for the instructions. The procedure for using the Programming Console to input using decimal values is shown in the CQM1H Operation Manual. Refer to the CX-Programmer Operation Manual: C-series PCs for details on using the CX-Programmer.
53

Input Instructions
Section
1-7
Only 16-bit operands can be input for the following instructions: NEG(), ADB(50), SBB(51), MBS(), and DBS(). Refer to the CQM1H Operation Manual for details on inputting instructions from the Programming Console.
1-7-4 Using Signed-binary Expansion Instructions

The following CQM1H instructions must be allocated function codes in the instructions table before they can be used. 2S COMPLEMENT NEG() DOUBLE 2S COMPLEMENT NEGL() DOUBLE BINARY ADD ADBL() DOUBLE BINARY SUBTRACT SBBL() SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY MBS() DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY MBSL() SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE DBS() DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE DBSL() Allocating Function Codes The procedure to using the Programming Console to allocate function codes is shown in the CQM1H Operation Manual. Be sure that pin 4 of the CQM1Hs DIP switch is turned ON to enable use of a user-set instruction table before performing this operation.
54
Section
1-7
1-7-5 Application Example Using Signed Binary Data

The following programming can be used to performed calculations such as the following in the CQM1H: ((1234 + (123)) x 1212 12345) (1234) = 1081, Remainder of 232 000 = 04D2 1234 001 = FF85 123 LR00 = 04BC 1212 HR50 = 3039 12345 HR51 = 0000 DM1000 = FB2E 1234 DM1001 = FFFF
10000 CLC(41)
ADB(50) 000 001 010
04D2 FF85 X 0 0457
MBS() 010 LR00 020
0457 X 04BC 00148BE4
CLC(41)
SBBL() 020 HR50 030
00148BE4 00003039 0 00145BAB
DBSL() 030 DM1000 040
00145BAB FFFFFB2E FFFFFBC7 000000E8
Result Remainder
55
SECTION 2 Inner Boards

This section describes software applications information for the following Inner Boards: High-speed Counter Board, Pulse I/O Board, Absolute Encoder Interface Board, Analog Setting Board, Analog I/O Board, and Serial Communications Board. Refer to the CQM1H Operation Manual for hardware information. 2-1 High-speed Counter Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1-1 Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1-2 Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1-3 Example System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1-4 Applicable Inner Board Slots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1-5 Names and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1-6 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1-7 High-speed Counters 1 to 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pulse I/O Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-1 Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-2 Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-3 System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-4 Applicable Inner Board Slot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-5 Names and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-6 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-7 High-speed Counters 1 and 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-8 Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-9 Fixed Duty Factor Pulse Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-10 Variable Duty Factor Pulse Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-11 Determining the Status of Ports 1 and 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2-12 Precautions When Using Pulse Output Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Absolute Encoder Interface Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-1 Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-2 Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-3 System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-4 Applicable Inner Board Slots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-5 Names and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-6 Absolute Encoder Input Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3-7 High-speed Counter Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analog Setting Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-1 Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-2 Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-3 Applicable Inner Board Slots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-4 Names and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4-5 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analog I/O Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5-1 Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5-2 Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5-3 System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5-4 Applicable Inner Board Slot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5-5 Names and Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5-6 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5-7 Application Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Serial Communications Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6-1 Model Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6-2 Serial Communications Boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6-3 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6-4 System Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 58 58 58 59 59 60 63 81 81 81 82 83 83 84 90 99 99 111 114 115 115 115 116 116 116 117 117 119 128 128 128 128 129 129 129 129 129 130 130 131 132 134 134 134 134 134 136
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
57
High-speed Counter Board
Section
2-1
2-1
2-1-1 Model
Name High-speed Counter Board Model Specification Four external outputs of comparison result CQM1H-CTB41 Four pulse inputs
2-1-2 Functions
The High-speed Counter Board is an Inner Board that handles four pulse inputs.
High-speed Counter Pulse Inputs 1 to 4 The High-speed Counter Board counts high-speed pulses from 50 to 500 kHz entering through ports 1 to 4, and performs tasks according to the number of pulses counted. Input Modes The following three Input Modes are available: Differential Phase Mode (1x/2x/4x) Up/Down Mode Pulse/Direction Mode Comparison Operation When the PV (present value) of the high-speed counter matches a specified target value or lies within a specified range, the bit pattern specified in the comparison table is stored in internal output bits and external output bits. A bit pattern can be set for each comparison result, and the external output bits can be output through an external output terminal as described below. External Outputs Up to four external outputs can be produced when either the target value is matched or a range comparison condition is satisfied. Note The High-speed Counter Board does not provide high-speed counter interrupts. It simply compares the PV to target values or comparison ranges, and produces internal and external bit outputs.
2-1-3 Example System Configuration

High-speed Counter Board High-speed Counter Board
Incremental encoders (8 maximum)
58
Section
2-1
2-1-4 Applicable Inner Board Slots

The High-speed Counter Board can be installed in either slot 1 (left slot) or slot 2 (right slot) of the CQM1H-CPU51/61 CPU Unit. Both slots can be used at the same time.
Slot 1 Slot 2
2-1-5 Names and Functions

One High-speed Counter Board provides two connectors that accept highspeed pulse inputs. CN1 is used for inputs 1 and 2, and CN2 is used for inputs 3 and 4.
CQM1H-CTB41 High-speed Counter Board
CN1 Pulse input 1 Pulse input 2 CN2 Pulse input 3 Pulse input 4 Compatible connector Socket: XM2D-1501 (OMRON) Hood: XM2S-1511 (OMRON) Two Socket+Hood sets are provided as standard accessories.
LED Indicators
RDY: Operational (Green) Lit when pulse inputs can be received. Pulse Inputs (Orange) A1, A2, A3, A4: Lit when phase-A input is ON in port 1, 2, 3, or 4. B1, B2, B3, B4: Lit when phase-B input is ON in port 1, 2, 3, or 4. Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4: Lit when phase-Z input is ON in port 1, 2, 3, or 4. External Outputs (Orange) OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, OUT4: Lit when the corresponding output (1, 2, 3, or 4) is ON. ERR: Error (Red) Lit when an error is detected in the PC Setup settings for the input pulse function, or when an overflow or underflow occurs in the high-speed counters present value.
59
Section
2-1
2-1-6 Specifications
Instructions
Instruction CTBL(63) Meaning Used to register target or range comparison tables or used to start comparisons for previously registered comparison tables. A table can be registered and comparison started with separate instructions or the same instruction. Used to start or stop comparison using registered comparison table or used to change the PV of a high-speed counter. Used to read the PV or status of a high-speed counter.
INI(61) PRV(62)
Related Control Bits, Flags, and Status Information

Word Slot 1 IR 200 IR 201 IR 202 IR 203 IR 204 IR 205 IR 206 IR 207 IR 208: Counter 1 IR 209: Counter 2 IR 210: Counter 3 IR 211: Counter 4 Slot 2 IR 232 IR 233 IR 234 IR 235 IR 236 IR 237 IR 238 IR 239 IR 240: Counter 1 IR 241: Counter 2 IR 242: Counter 3 IR 243: Counter 4 12 13 Bits 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 07 Counter 1 Name PV (rightmost four digits) PV (leftmost four digits) Counter 2 PV (rightmost four digits) PV (leftmost four digits) Counter 3 PV (rightmost four digits) PV (leftmost four digits) Counter 4 PV (rightmost four digits) PV (leftmost four digits) Comparison Results: Internal Output Bits 00 to 07 Comparison Results: Bits for External Outputs 1 to 4 Counter Operating Flag Comparison Flag Function The PV of the high-speed counter on each port of the High-speed Counter Board is stored after each cycle. Note The form in which data is stored (BCD or hexadecimal) can be specified in the PC Setup (DM 6602 and DM 6611).
Contains the bit pattern specified by operand in CTBL(63) when a condition is satisfied. Contains the bit pattern specified by operand in CTBL(63) when a condition is satisfied. 0: Stopped 1: Operating Indicates whether or not a comparison is in progress. 0: Stopped 1: Operating Indicates whether or not an overflow or underflow has occurred. 0: Normal 1: Overflow or underflow has occurred 0: Normal 1: Setting error
08 to 11
14
PV Overflow/Underflow Flag
15
SV Error Flag
60

Word Slot 1 IR 212 Slot 2 AR 05 Bits 00 01 02 03 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 00 01 02 03 04 15 Name High-speed counter 1 Reset Bit High-speed counter 2 Reset Bit High-speed counter 3 Reset Bit High-speed counter 4 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 1 Comparison Start Bit High-speed Counter 2 Comparison Start Bit High-speed Counter 3 Comparison Start Bit High-speed Counter 4 Comparison Start Bit High-speed Counter 1 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 2 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 3 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 4 Stop Bit External Output 1 Force-set Bit External Output 2 Force-set Bit External Output 3 Force-set Bit External Output 4 Force-set Bit External Output Force-set Enable Bit Inner Board Error Flag
Section
Function Phase Z and software reset 0: Counter not reset on phase Z 1: Counter reset on phase Z Software reset only 0: Counter not reset 01: Counter reset 0 1: Comparison starts 1 0: Comparison stops
2-1
0: Operation continues 1: Operation stops
IR 213
AR 06
0: No effect on output status 1: Forces output ON
SR 254
0: Force-setting of outputs 1 to 4 disabled 1: Force-setting of outputs 1 to 4 enabled 0: No error 1: Error Turns ON when an error occurs in an Inner Board mounted in slot 1 or slot 2. The error code for slot 1 is stored in AR 0400 to AR 0407 and the error code for slot 2 is stored in AR 0408 to AR 0415. 00 Hex: 01 or 02 Hex: 03 Hex: Normal Hardware error PC Setup error
AR 04
00 to 07 08 to 15
Error code for Inner Board in slot 1 Error code for Inner Board in slot 2
61

Related PC Setup Settings
Word Slot 1 DM 6602 Slot 2 DM 6611 Bits 00 to 03 Function Data format in which PVs of high-speed counters 1 to 4 are stored 0: Eight-digit hexadecimal (BIN) 1: Eight-digit BCD Not used. Sourcing/Sinking setting for external outputs 1 to 4 0: Sourcing (PNP) 1: Sinking (NPN) Not used. Input Mode for high-speed counter 1 0 Hex: 1x Differential phase input 1 Hex: 2x Differential phase input 2 Hex: 4x Differential phase input 3 Hex: Up/Down pulse input 4 Hex: Pulse/Direction input Count frequency, Numeric Range Mode and counter reset method of high-speed counter 1. Refer to the following table. Input Mode of high-speed counter 2 (Refer to the explanation given above for high-speed counter 1.) Count frequency, Numeric Range Mode, and counter reset method of high-speed counter 2 (Refer to the explanation given above for high-speed counter 1.) Input Mode of high-speed counter 3 (Refer to the explanation given above for high-speed counter 1.) Count frequency, Numeric Range Mode, and counter reset method of high-speed counter 3 (Refer to the explanation given above for high-speed counter 1.) Input Mode of high-speed counter 4 (Refer to the explanation given above for high-speed counter 1.) Count frequency, Numeric Range Mode, and counter reset method of high-speed counter 4 (Refer to the explanation given above for high-speed counter 1.)
Section
2-1
When setting is read When power is turned ON.
04 to 07 08 to 11
DM 6640
DM 6643
12 to 15 00 to 03
When operation starts.
04 to 07
08 to 11
12 to 15
DM 6641
DM 6644
00 to 03
04 to 07
08 to 11
12 to 15
Count Frequency, Numeric Range Mode, and Counter Reset Method of High-speed Counters
Value 0 Hex 1 Hex 2 Hex 3 Hex 4 Hex 5 Hex 6 Hex 7 Hex Count frequency 50 KHz Numeric Range Mode Linear Mode Ring Mode 500 KHz Linear Mode Ring Mode Counter reset method Phase Z + software reset Software reset only Phase Z + software reset Software reset only Phase Z + software reset Software reset only Phase Z + software reset Software reset only
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2-1-7 High-speed Counters 1 to 4

The High-speed Counter Board counts pulse signals entering through ports 1 to 4 from rotary encoders and outputs internal/external output bit patterns according to the number of pulses counted. The four ports can be used independently. An outline of the processing performed by high-speed counters 1 to 4 is provided below.
Overview of Process
Input Signals and Input Modes High-speed counters 1 to 4 can be set to different Input Modes in response to the type of signal input. Differential Phase Mode (Counting Speed: 25 kHz or 250 kHz) Two phase signals (phase A and phase B) with phase difference multiples of 1x, 2x, or 4x are used together with a phase-Z signal for inputs. The count is incremented or decremented according to differences in the two phase signals. Up/Down Mode (Counting Speed: 50 kHz or 500 kHz) Phase A is the incrementing pulse and phase B is the decrementing pulse. The counter increments or decrements according to the pulse that is detected. Pulse/Direction Mode (Counting Speed: 50 kHz or 500 kHz) Phase A is the pulse signal and phase B is the direction signal. The counter increments when the phase-B signal is ON and decrements when it is OFF.
Differential Phase Mode
Phase A Phase B
1x 2x 4x
Phase A H L L H
Up/Down Mode
Phase B L H H L -------------
1x Increment ---
2x Increment Increment ----Decrement --Decrement

Pulse/Direction Mode
4x Increment Increment Increment Increment Decrement Decrement Decrement Decrement
Decrement
Encoder input A (UP input) Encoder input B (DOWN input)
Encoder input A (Pulse input) Encoder input B (Direction input)
Increment
Decrement
Increment
Decrement
63

Numeric Ranges
Section
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The values counted by high-speed counters 1 to 4 can be counted using the following two range settings: Ring Mode In Ring Mode, the maximum value of a numerical range can be set using CTBL(63), and when the count is increment beyond this maximum value, it returns to zero. The count never becomes negative. Similarly, if the count is decremented from 0, it returns to the maximum value. The number of points on the ring is determined by setting the maximum value (i.e., the ring value) to a value between 1 and 8388607 BCD or between 1 and 7FFFFFFF Hex. When the maximum value is set to 8388607, the range will be 0 to 8388607 BCD. Linear Mode In Linear Mode, the count range is always 8388608 to 8388607 BCD or F8000000 to 07FFFFFF Hex. If the count decrements below 8388608 BCD or F8000000 Hex, an underflow is generated, and if it increments above 8388607 BCD or 07FFFFFF Hex, an overflow is generated.
Ring Mode Linear Mode
Max. count value (Ring value) Decrement Increment
F8000000 Hex 8388608 BCD
07FFFFFF Hex
Underflow
Overflow
If an overflow occurs, the PV of the count will remain at 08388607 BCD or 07FFFFFF Hex, and if an underflow occurs, it will remain at F8388608 BCD or F8000000 Hex. In either case, counting and comparison will stop, but the comparison table will be retained in memory. The PV Overflow/Underflow Flag shown below will turn ON to indicate the underflow or overflow.
Counter High-speed counter 1 High-speed counter 2 High-speed counter 3 High-speed counter 4 IR 20814 IR 20914 IR 21014 IR 21114 PV Overflow/Underflow Flag Slot 1 IR 24014 IR 24114 IR 24214 IR 24314 Slot 2
When restarting the counting operation, use the reset methods given below to reset high-speed counters 1 and 2. (Counters will be reset automatically when program execution starts and finishes.)
64

Reset Methods
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The following two methods can be set to determine the timing at which the PV of the counter is reset (i.e., set to 0): Phase-Z signal + software reset Software reset Phase-Z Signal (Reset Input) + Software Reset The PV of the high-speed counter is reset in the first rising edge of the phase-Z signal after the corresponding High-speed Counter Reset Bit (see below) turns ON.
1 or more cycles Phase-Z (reset input) High-speed Counter Reset Bit 1 or more cycles Within 1 cycle Reset by cycle. Not reset. Reset by interrupt.
Software Reset The PV is reset when the High-speed Counter Reset Bit turns ON. There are separate Reset Bits for each high-speed counter 1 to 4.
1 or more cycles High-speed Counter Reset Bit Within 1 cycle Reset by cycle.
The Reset Bits of high-speed counters 1 to 4 are given in the following table.
Counter Slot 1 High-speed counter 1 High-speed counter 2 High-speed counter 3 High-speed counter 4 IR 21200 IR 21201 IR 21202 IR 21203 AR 0500 AR 0501 AR 0502 AR 0503 Reset Bit Slot 2
Reset Bits for high-speed counters 1 to 4 are refreshed only once each cycle. A Reset Bit must be ON for a minimum of 1 cycle to be read reliably. Note The comparison table registration and comparison execution status will not be changed when the PV is reset. If a comparison was being executed before the reset, it will continue. Checking Methods for High-speed Counter Interrupts The following two methods are available to check the PV of high-speed counters 1 to 4. (These are the same methods as those used for built-in high-speed counter 0.) Target value method Range comparison method Refer to page 31 for a description of each method. For the target value method, a maximum of 48 target values can be registered in the comparison table. When the PV of the counter matches one of the 48 regis-
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tered target values, the corresponding bit pattern (1 to 48) will be output to specific bits in memory.
When matched Comparison

Target value (1)
Bit pattern (1) Bit pattern (2)
PV of high-speed counter
Target value (2)
Target value (48)
Bit pattern (48)
208 to 211/240 to 243 Wd External Internal output output bits bits (8 bits) An OR is taken of corresponding bits of IR 208 to IR 211, or IR 240 to IR 243. External outputs (four outputs)
When using target values, comparison is made to each target value in the order of the comparison table until all values have been met, and then comparison will return to the first value in the table. With the High-speed Counter Board, it does not make any difference if the target value is reached as a result of incrementing or decrementing the PV. Note With high-speed counter 0 in the CPU Unit or high-speed counter 1 or 2 on the Pulse I/O Board or Absolute Encoder Interface Board, the leftmost bit of the word containing the subroutine number in the comparison table determines if target values are valid for incrementing or for decrementing the PV. Examples of comparison table operation and bit pattern outputs are shown in the following diagrams.
Counter PV Comparison table

Target value 1 Target value 2 Target value 3 Target value 4 Target value 5
Bit pattern output to memory
Target value 5 Target value 4 Target value 3 Target value 2 Target value 1 Time Target value for comparison
66

Counter PV
Section
Bit pattern output to memory
2-1
Target value 1 Target value 2 Target value 3 Target value 4 Target value 5 Time Target value for comparison
4 5
Comparison values 1 through 48 and bit patterns 1 through 48 are registered in the target value table. Of bits 00 to 11 of each of these bit patterns, bits 0 to 7 are stored as internal output bits, and bits 08 to 11 are stored as external output bits. As shown in the diagram below, the bits in the external bit pattern are used in an OR operation on the corresponding bits of high-speed counters 1 to 4, the results of which are then output as external outputs 1 to 4.
Example: Slot 1 Slot 2
Bit An OR is taken of the bits in the same position and the result is output.
High-speed counter 1 comparison result (IR 208 or IR 240) High-speed counter 2 comparison result (IR 209 or IR 241) High-speed counter 3 comparison result (IR 210 or IR 242) High-speed counter 4 comparison result (IR 211 or IR 243)
External output 1 ON External output 2 ON External output 3 ON External output 4 OFF
For the range comparison method, 16 comparison ranges are registered in the comparison table. When the PV of the counter first enters between the upper
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and lower limits of one of the ranges 1 to 16, the corresponding bit pattern (1 to 16) will be output once to specific bits in memory.
Bit pattern output when PV is inside a range. Comparison
Lower limit 1 to upper limit 1
Bit pattern 1 Bit pattern 2
PV of high-speed counter
Bit pattern 16
IR 208 to IR 211 or IR 240 to IR 243 External output bits Internal output bits (8 bits) An OR is taken of corresponding bits of IR 208 to IR 211, or IR 240 to IR 243. External outputs (four outputs) Bit pattern output to memory
Counter PV Comparison range 4
Comparison table
Comparison range 1
Comparison range 3
Comparison range 2 Comparison range 3
Comparison range 2
Comparison range 4
Comparison range 1 Time (s) The PV is continually compared to all comparison ranges.
Lower and upper limits for ranges 1 through 16 and bit patterns 1 through 16 are registered in the range comparison table. Of bits 0 to 11 of each of these bit patterns, bits 0 to 7 are stored as internal output bits, and bits 8 to 11 are stored as external output bits. As shown in the diagram below, the bits in the external bit pattern are used in an OR operation on the corresponding bits of high-speed counters 1 to 4, the results of which are then output as external outputs 1 to 4.
Example: Slot 1 Slot 2
Bit An OR is taken of the bits in the same position and the result is output.
High-speed counter 1 comparison result (IR 208 or IR 240) High-speed counter 2 comparison result (IR 209 or IR 241) High-speed counter 3 comparison result (IR 210 or IR 242) High-speed counter 4 comparison result (IR 211 or IR 243)
External output 1 ON External output 2 ON External output 3 ON External output 4 OFF
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Section
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External outputs 1 to 4 are controlled by ORs performed on corresponding bits (i.e., bits with the same bit number) in the comparison result bits 08 to 11 for highspeed counters 1 to 4. The user must determine which outputs should be turned ON for each possible comparison result and set the bit patterns so that the OR operations will produce the desired result. Note Range Comparison Flags are supported by the built-in high-speed counter (high-speed counter 0) and the Pulse I/O Board for ranges1 to 8. These flags, however, are not supported by the High-speed Counter Board. The internal bit patterns must be used to produce the same type of output result. Reading High-speed Counter Status The following two methods can be used to read the status of high-speed counters 1 to 4: Using CPU Unit memory words Using PRV(62) Using CPU Unit Memory Words The memory area words and bits in the CPU Unit that indicate the status of highspeed counters 1 to 4 are given below. Inner Board Error Codes
Word Slot 1 AR 04 Slot 2 00 to 07 08 to 15 Slot 1 Slot 2 The following 2-digit error codes are stored. 00 Hex: Normal 01 or 02 Hex: Hardware error 03 Hex: PC Setup error Bits Function
Operating Status Words

High-speed counter Slot 1 High-speed counter 1 High-speed counter 2 High-speed counter 3 High-speed counter 4 IR 208 IR 209 IR 210 IR 211 IR 240 IR 241 IR 242 IR 243 Word Slot 2
The functions of the bits in each operating status word are as follows:
Bits 00 to 07 08 to 11 Function Comparison Results: Internal Output Bits Comparison Results: External Output Bits for Outputs 1 to 4 The result of an OR operation on bits in same bit positions for all the high-speed counters 1 to 4 will be output. (See note.) Counter Operating Flag (0: Stopped; 1: Running) Comparison Flag (0: Stopped; 1: Running) PV Overflow/Underflow Flag (0: No; 1: Yes) SV Error Flag (0: Normal; 1: Error)
12 13 14 15
Note The following table shows the relationship between external outputs 1 to 4 and Comparison Results External Output Bits.
High-speed counter Counter 1 Counter 2 Counter 3 Counter 4 External output External output 1 External output 2 External output 3 External output 4 Slot 1 OR of bits 08 of IR 208 to IR 211 OR of bits 09 of IR 208 to IR 211 OR of bits 10 of IR 208 to IR 211 OR of bits 11 of IR 208 to IR 211 Slot 2 OR of bits 08 of IR 240 to IR 241 OR of bits 09 of IR 240 to IR 241 OR of bits 10 of IR 240 to IR 241 OR of bits 11 of IR 240 to IR 241
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Using PRV(62) The status of high-speed counters 1 to 4 can be read using PRV(62) in the manner shown below.
(@)PRV(62) P C D
P: Port specifier C: 001 D: First destination word
High-speed counter Slot 1 High-speed counter 1 High-Speed counter 2 High-speed counter 3 High-speed counter 4 101 102 103 104
Value specified in P Slot 2 001 002 003 004
The meaning of the individual bits of D, in which the status of high-speed counters 1 to 4 is stored, is given in the following table.
Bits 00 to 07 08 to 11 Function Comparison Results: Internal Output Bits Comparison Results: External Output Bits for Outputs 1 to 4 The result of an OR operation on bits in same bit positions for all the high-speed counters 1 to 4 will be output. (See note.) Counter Operating Flag (0: Stopped; 1: Running) Comparison Flag (0: Stopped; 1: Running) PV Overflow/Underflow Flag (0: No; 1: Yes) SV Error Flag (0: Normal; 1: Error)
12 13 14 15
70
High-speed Counter Board Procedure for Using High-speed Counters

Determine counting rate, Input Mode, reset method, Numeric Range Mode, form in which PV of high-speed counter data is stored, and external output method. Counting rate: 50 kHz/500 kHz
Section
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Input Modes: Differential Phase Mode; Pulse/Direction Mode; Up/Down Mode Reset methods: Phase Z + software reset; software reset Numeric Range Modes: Ring Mode or Linear Mode Form in which PV of high-speed counter data is stored: 8-digit BCD or 8-digit hexadecimal External output method: Sourcing or Sinking switching of transistor output
Set input voltages (switches on Board).
Mount Board and wire inputs.
PC Setup (Slot 1: DM 6602, DM 6640, DM 6641 Slot 2: DM 6611, DM 6643, DM 6644)
Counting rate: 50 kHz/500 kHz Input Modes: Differential Phase Mode; Up/Down Mode; Pulse/Direction Mode Reset methods: Phase Z + software reset; software reset Numeric Ranges: Ring Mode or Linear Mode External output method: Sourcing or Sinking switching of transistor output Form in which PV of high-speed counter data is stored: 8-digit BCD; 8-digit hexadecimal
Determine count check (comparison) method and internal/external bit patterns.
Count check methods: Target value or range comparison Output bit patterns when conditions met: Internal and external output bits
Ladder program
REGISTER COMPARISON TABLE (CTBL(63)): Port specification; comparison table registration; comparison start MODE CONTROL (INI(61)): Port specification; PV change; comparison start HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ (PRV(62)): Reading PV of high-speed counter and status of comparison.
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High-speed Counter Function
Section
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Port 1 (CN1) encoder input Port 2 (CN1) encoder input
Input voltage
Counting rate
Input Mode Differential phase Up/Down pulse Pulse/Direction
Reset Method Phase-Z + software Software only
Numeric Range Ring Mode Linear Mode
Count
Input voltage
PC Setup Bits 04 to 07 or bits 12 to 15 of DM 6640/ DM 6641/ DM 6643/DM 6644 PC Setup Bits 00 to 03 and 08 to 11 of DM 6640/DM 6641/ DM 6643/DM 6644
PC Setup Bits 04 to 07 or bits 12 to 15 of DM 6640/ DM 6641/ DM 6643/DM 6644
PC Setup Bits 04 to 07 or bits 12 to 15 of DM 6640/ DM 6641/ DM 6643/DM 6644
Port 1 (CN2) encoder input
Input voltage
PC Setup Port 2 (CN2) encoder input Input voltage Each cycle Bits 00 to 03 of DM 6611
PV of Counter Data stored as 8-digit hexadecimal or 8-digit BCD. Each execution
HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ Slot 1 Port 1: IR 201 and IR 200 Port 2: IR 203 and IR 202 Port 3: IR 205 and IR 204 Port 4: IR 207 and IR 206 Slot 2 Port 1: IR 233 and IR 232 Port 2: IR 235 and IR 234 Port 3: IR 237 and IR 236 Port 4: IR 239 and IR 238
PV Comparison status
Count Check (comparison) Bit pattern stored Ladder Program REGISTER COMPARISON TABLE Table registration Comparison start Bits 00 to 11 of IR 208 to IR 211 or IR 240 to IR 243 External Internal
MODE CONTROL PV change Comparison start/stop Flags indicated counter start/stop (IR 21212 to IR 21215 or AR 0512 to AR 0515) and counter comparison start/stop (IR 21308 to IR 21311 or AR 0508 to AR 0511).
Transistor Outputs Sourcing/Sinking
PC Setup Bits 08 to 11 of DM 6602/DM 6611
72
High-speed Counter Board Preliminary PC Setup Settings
Section
2-1
To use high-speed counters 1 to 4, make the following settings in PROGRAM mode.

Data Format and Sourcing/Sinking Setting for External Outputs Slot 1: DM 6602 Slot 2: DM 6611
Bit 15 0 0 0
DM 6602 DM 6611
External Outputs 1 to 4 Transistor Selector 0 Hex: Sourcing (PNP) 1 Hex: Sinking (NPN) High-speed Counters 1 to 4 PV Data Format 0 Hex: 8-digit hexadecimal (BIN) 1 Hex: 8-digit BCD Default: 0000 (8-digit hexadecimal and sourcing (PNP))
Input Mode, Count Frequency, Numeric Range Mode, and Counter Reset Method High-speed counter 1 Slot 1: Bits 00 to 07 of DM 6640 Slot 2: Bits 00 to 07 of DM 6643 High-speed counter 2 Slot 1: Bits 08 to 15 of DM 6640 Slot 2: Bits 08 to 15 of DM 6643 High-speed counter 3 Slot 1: Bits 00 to 07 of DM 6641 Slot 2: Bits 00 to 07 of DM 6644 High-speed counter 4 Slot 1: Bits 08 to 15 of DM 6641 Slot 2: Bits 08 to 15 of DM 6644
Bit 15 0
DM 6640, DM 6641, DM 6643, DM 6644 Count Frequency, Numeric Range Mode, and Counter Reset Method (See following table.) High-speed Counter Input Mode 0 Hex: 1x Differential phase input 1 Hex: 2x Differential phase input 2 Hex: 4x Differential phase input 3 Hex: Up/Down pulse input 4 Hex: Pulse/Direction input Default: 0000 (1x differential phase input, 50 kHz, Linear Mode, phase-Z + software reset)
Count Frequency, Numeric Range Mode, and Reset Method
Value 0 Hex 1 Hex 2 Hex 3 Hex 4 Hex 5 Hex 6 Hex 7 Hex
Count frequency 50 KHz
Numeric Range Mode Linear Mode
Ring Mode
500 KHz
Linear Mode
Ring Mode
Counter reset method Phase Z + software reset Software reset only Phase Z + software reset Software reset only Phase Z + software reset Software reset only Phase Z + software reset Software reset only
Usage
High-speed counters are programmed as follows: The count operation is started as soon as valid settings are made.
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The PV is reset to 0 when power is turned ON and when program execution is started or stopped. The count operation alone does not start the comparison operation with the comparison table. The PV can be monitored using the words shown in the following table.
High-speed counter High-speed counter 1 High-speed counter 2 High-speed counter 3 High-speed counter 4 Slot 1 IR 200, IR 201 IR 202, IR 203 IR 204, IR 205 IR 206, IR 207 Word Slot 2 IR 232, IR 233 IR 234, IR 235 IR 236, IR 237 IR 238, IR 239
Starting Comparison Operation The comparison table is registered in the CQM1H and the comparison started with CTBL(63). Comparison can also be started using the relevant control bits (IR 21208 to IR 21211 for slot 1 AR 0508 to AR 0511 for slot 2). Starting Comparison with CTBL(63)
(@)CTBL(63) P C TB
P: Port C: Mode 000: Target value table registration and comparison start 001: Range comparison table registration and comparison start 002: Target value table registration only 003: Range comparison table registration only TB: First word of comparison table
High-speed counter Slot 1 High-speed counter 1 High-speed counter 2 High-speed counter 3 High-speed counter 4 101 102 103 104
Setting 000 as the value of C registers a target value comparison table, and setting 001 registers a range comparison table. Comparison begins upon completion of this registration. While comparison is being executed, a bit pattern is stored as internal output bits and external output bits, as determined by the comparison table. Refer to the description of CTBL(63) for details on comparison table registration. Note Although setting the value of C to 002 registers a target value comparison table, and setting C to 003 registers a range comparison table, comparison does not start automatically for these values. A control bit or INI(61) must be used to start the comparison operation. Starting Comparison with Control Bits The comparison operation will start when the bit corresponding to the highspeed counter in IR 21208 to IR 21211 for slot 1 or AR 0508 to AR 0511 for slot 2 is turned ON. It is necessary to have registered a comparison table beforehand. Comparisons cannot be performed in PROGRAM mode. Note The High-speed Counter Board outputs the results of comparison as bit patterns to specific bits in memory, and does not execute interrupt subroutines. Bit patterns consist of internal bits and external bits, and the external bits are output on external output 1 to 4. Stopping Comparison Operation To halt a comparison operation, execute INI(61) as shown below. Halting a comparison can also be accomplished using a control bit.
74

Stopping Comparison with INI(61)
(@)INI(61) P 001 000
Section
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P: Port
High-speed counter Slot 1 High-speed counter 1 High-speed counter 2 High-speed counter 3 High-speed counter 4 101 102 103 104
Value set in P Slot 2 001 002 003 004
Stopping Comparison with Control Bits The comparison operation will stop when the bit corresponding to the highspeed counter in IR 21208 to IR 21211 for slot 1 or AR 0508 to AR 0511 for slot 2 is turned OFF. Note 1. To restart a comparison, either execute INI(61) with the port number as the first operand and 000 (execute comparison) as the second operand, or change the status of the control bit from 0 to 1. 2. Once a table has been registered, it is retained in the CQM1H throughout the operation (i.e., while a program is running) until a new table is registered. The following two methods can be used to read the PVs of the high-speed counters 1 to 4: Reading the PV words in memory Using PRV(62) Reading PV Words in Memory The PVs of high-speed counters 1 to 4 are stored in memory in the following way. The form in which the PV data is stored is determined by the setting of bits 00 to 03 of DM 6602 for slot 1, and DM 6611 for slot 2. The default setting is 8-digit hexadecimal.
Rightmost four digits IR 200 IR 202 IR 204 (The leftmost digit will be F if the number is negative.) Port 4 IR 207 IR 206 Ring Mode
Reading the PVs
Slot 1:
Leftmost four digits Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 IR 201 IR 203 IR 205
Linear Mode 8-digit BCD: F8388608 to 08388607
8-digit Hex: F8000000 to 07FFFFFF Hex 00000000 to 07FFFFFF Hex 00000000 to 08388607
Slot 2: Leftmost four digits Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Port 4 IR 233 IR 235 IR 237 IR 239 Rightmost four digits Linear Mode IR 232 IR 234 IR 236 IR 238 Ring Mode
8-digit Hex: F8000000 to 07FFFFFF Hex 00000000 to 07FFFFFF Hex 8-digit BCD: F8388608 to 08388607 00000000 to 08388607
(The leftmost digit will be F if the number is negative.)
Note These words are refreshed only once every cycle, so the value read may differ slightly from the actual PV.
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Section
Using PRV(62) PRV(62) can also be used to read the PVs of high-speed counters 1 to 4.
(@)PRV(62) P C D
2-1
P: Port C: 000 D: First destination word
High-speed counter No. Slot 1 High-speed counter 1 High-speed counter 2 High-speed counter 3 High-speed counter 4 101 102 103 104
The PVs of high-speed counters 1 to 4 are stored as shown in the following diagram.
Leftmost four digits D+1 Rightmost four digits D Linear Mode 8-digit Hex: F8000000 to 07FFFFFF Hex 8digit BCD: F8388608 to 08388607 BCD Ring Mode 00000000 to 07FFFFFF Hex 00000000 to 08388607 BCD
(The leftmost digit will be F if the number is negative.)
Note PRV(62) reads the current PV when it is executed. Changing PVs The following 2 methods can be used to change the PVs of high-speed counters 1 to 4: Reset the counter (i.e., setting the counter to 0) using one of the reset methods Using INI(61) The following is an explanation of the use of INI(61). Refer to Reset Methods on page 65 for an explanation of the use of the reset methods. Changing PV with INI(61) INI(61) is used to change the PV of high-speed counters 1 to 4.
(@)INI(61) P C P1
P: Port specifier C: 002 P1: First PV word
High-speed counter No. Slot 1 High-speed counter 1 High-speed counter 2 High-speed counter 3 High-speed counter 4
Leftmost four digits P1 + 1 Rightmost four digits P1

Ring Mode 00000000 to 07FFFFFF Hex 00000000 to 08388607 BCD
101 102 103 104

Ring Mode
F8000000 to 07FFFFFF Hex F8388608 to 08388607 BCD (The leftmost digit will be F Hex if the number is negative.)
Note After matching the final target value in a target value comparison table, the comparison process returns automatically to the first target value in the table. There-
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fore, following completion of a sequence of comparisons, the process can be repeated by initializing the PV. Stopping and Restarting the Counting Operation It is possible to stop the counting operation of one of the high-speed counters 1 to 4 by turning ON a control bit. The PV of the counter will be retained. The counting operation can be stopped by turning ON bits 12 to 15 of IR 212 for slot 1 or AR 05 for slot 2. These bits correspond to high-speed counters 1 to 4. Turn OFF these bits to restart the counting operation. The high-speed counter will restart from the value at which it was stopped. Note The Counter Operating Flag can be used to determine whether the count operation is running or stopped (0: Stopped; 1: Operating).
High-speed counter High-speed counter 1 High-speed counter 2 High-speed counter 3 High-speed counter 4 IR 20812 IR 20912 IR 21012 IR 21112 Counter Operating Flag Slot 1 IR 24012 IR 24112 IR 24212 IR 24312 Slot 2
Examples
The following example illustrates the use of high-speed counter 1 on a Highspeed Counter Board mounted in slot 2. Target value comparison is performed to turn ON bits in the internal/external bit patterns stored in memory according to the PV of the counter. The status of the internal output bits is used to control the frequency of a contact pulse output. The Reset Bit is kept ON in the program so that the PV of the counter is reset on the phase Z signal after the last target value has been reached. Before running the program, the PC Setup should be set as shown below, and the CQM1H restarted to enable the new setting in DM 6611. DM 6611: 0001 (Sourcing outputs for external outputs 1 to 4, 8-digit BCD for PV storage of high-speed counters 1 to 4) DM 6643: 0003 (High-speed counter 1: Count frequency of 50 kHz; Linear Mode; phase-Z signal + software reset; Up/Down Mode). When the PV reaches 2500, IR 05000 will be turned ON and external output 1 will be turned ON. When the PV reaches 7500, IR 05001 will be turned ON and external output 2 will be turned ON.
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When the PV reaches 10000, IR 05002 will be turned ON and external output 3 will be turned ON.
Counter PV PV reset on phase Z signal Target value 3: 10000 Target value 1 Target value 2: 7500 Target value 2 Target value 3 Target value 1: 2500 Time IR 240 PV reset on phase Z signal Three comparison conditions 2500 Bit pattern 1 7500 Bit pattern 2 10000 Bit pattern 3
Contents of IR 240 External bit pattern Internal bit pattern
0100 Hex: External output 1 ON IR 05000 ON 0201 Hex: External output 2 ON IR 05001 ON 0402 Hex: External output 3 ON IR 05002 ON External output 1 External output 2 External output 3
As shown in the following programming example, the frequency of the contact pulse output is changed from the value of 500 Hz set when CTBL(63) is execut-
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ed to 200 Hz, 100 Hz, and then 0 Hz when IR 05000, IR 05001, and then IR 05002 turn ON.
25313 (Always ON) AR 0500
Keeps the Reset Bit for the highspeed counter ON. Specifies target comparison for high-speed counter 1 in slot 2,, registers a target value comparison table, and begins comparison starting at DM 0000. Sets continuous contact pulse output from output position 02 at 500 Hz and starts pulse output.
00000
Reset Bit
@CTBL(63) 001 000 DM 0000 @SPED(64) 020 001 #0050
DM 0000: DM 0001: DM 0002: DM 0003: DM 0004: DM 0005: DM 0006: DM 0007: DM 0008: DM 0009:
0003 2500 0000 0100 7500 0000 0201 0000 0001 0402
Three comparison conditions Target value: 2,500 Bit pattern (1) Target value: 7,500 Bit pattern (2) Target value 2: 10,000 Bit pattern (3)
25313 (Always ON) ANDW(34) #0FFF 240 DM 0100 25313 (Always ON) CMP(20) DM 0100 #0100 25506 05000
ANDs the contents of the bit pattern stored in IR 240 and stores the result in DM 0100.
Compares DM 0100 to #0100.
Equals Flag
25313 (Always ON) CMP(20) DM 0100 #0201 25506 05001
Turns ON IR 05000 if DM 0100 contains #0100.
Equals Flag
25313 (Always ON) CMP(20) DM 0100 #0402 25506 05002
Equals Flag
79

05000 @SBS(91) 001 05001 @SBS(91) 002 05002 @SBS(91) 003
Section
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Executes subroutine 001 when IR 05000 turns ON.
Executes subroutine 002 when IR 05001 turns ON. Executes subroutine 003 when IR 05002 turns ON.
SBN(92) 001 25313 (Always ON) SPED (64) 020 001 #0020
Subroutine 001 Sets continuous contact pulse output from output position 02 at 200 Hz and starts pulse output.
RET(93)
RET(93)
RET(93)
END (01)
80
Pulse I/O Board
Section
Operation will be as illustrated below when the program is executed.
Pulse frequency (Hz)
2-2
Time
2-2
Pulse I/O Board

Name Pulse I/O Board Model CQM1H-PLB21 Specifications Two pulse input points and two pulse output points
2-2-1 Model
2-2-2 Function
The Pulse I/O Board is an Inner Board that supports two pulse inputs and two pulse outputs. Pulse Inputs 1 and 2 Pulse inputs 1 and 2 can be used as high-speed counters to count pulses input at either 50 kHz (signal phase) or 25 kHz (differential phase). Interrupt processing can be performed based on the present values (PV) of the counters. Input Mode The following three Input Modes are available: Differential Phase Mode (4x) Pulse/Direction Mode Up/Down Mode Interrupts The Board can be set to execute an interrupt subroutine when the value of the high-speed counter matches a specified target value, or an interrupt subroutine when the PV falls within a specified comparison range. Pulse Outputs 1 and 2 Two 10 Hz to 50 kHz pulses can be output from port 1 and port 2. Both fixed and variable duty factors can be used. The fixed duty factor can raise or lower the frequency of the output from 10 Hz to 50 kHz smoothly. The variable duty factor enables pulse output to be performed using a duty factor ranging from 1% to 99%. Note While pulse inputs and pulse outputs can be performed simultaneously, it is not possible to use all high-speed counter and pulse output functionality at the same time. The Port Mode Setting (High-speed Counter Mode/Simple Positioning Mode) in the PC Setup (DM 6611) will determines which has full functionality enabled. Ports 1 and 2 Two pulse inputs (high-speed counter) and two pulse outputs can be used simultaneously via ports 1 and 2. To determine which has functional priority, the appropriate Port Mode setting must be entered in the PC Setup (DM 6611).
81
Pulse I/O Board

Mode Content High-speed counter functions Reading PV with PRV(62) Highspeed counter interrupts with CTBL(63) Yes Pulse output functions No trapezoidal acceleration/ deceleration (SPED(64)) Yes Identical acceleration/ deceleration rates (PLS2())
Section
2-2
DM 6611 setting
Separate acceleration/ deceleration rates (ACC()) Mode 0 disabled (Modes 1 to 3 enabled) See note 1. 0000 Hex
Highspeed Counter Mode
High-speed counter given priority. All high-speed counter functions are enabled. Trapezoidal acceleration/ deceleration for pulse outputs is limited.
Yes
Simple Positioning Mode
Pulse output given priority. All pulse output functions are enabled. Interrupts for the high-speed counter are disabled.
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
0001 Hex
Note
1. Mode 0: Acceleration + Independent Mode; Mode 1: Acceleration + Continuous Mode; Mode 2: Deceleration + Independent Mode; Mode 3: Deceleration + Continuous Mode. 2. The port modes for both ports 1 and 2 is always set to the same mode, i.e., either High-speed Counter Mode and Simple Positioning Mode. The mode cannot be set separately for each port.
2-2-3 System Configuration
Pulse I/O Board
Pulse input 2 Pulse output 2 Motor driver Pulse output 1 Motor driver
Pulse input 1
Incremental encoder
Motor
Motor
Incremental encoder
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Pulse I/O Board
Section
2-2
2-2-4 Applicable Inner Board Slot

The Pulse I/O Board can only be mounted in slot 2 (right slot) of the CQM1HCPU51/61 CPU Unit.
Slot 1: NO Slot 2: OK
Pulse I/O Board

The CQM1H-PLB21 Pulse I/O Board has a CN1 connector for pulse input 1 and pulse output 1, and a CN2 connector for pulse input 2 and pulse output 2.
CQM1H-PLB21 Pulse I/O Board
CN1: Pulse input/output 1
Compatible connector Socket: XM2D-1501 (OMRON) Hood: XM2S-1511 (OMRON) Two Sockets and two Hoods are provided as standard with the Pulse I/O Board.
CN2: Pulse input/output 2
LED Indicators
Ready (green) Lit when the pulse I/O functions are ready. Pulse output (orange) Refer to the following table.
A1 ERR B1 S1 B2 S2 CCW1 CW2 CCW2 A2 CW1
RDY
Pulse input (orange) Refer to the following table.
Error (red) Lit when there is an error in the PC Setup settings for pulse I/O, or when operation is interrupted during pulse output.
Pulse Output Indicators
Indicator CW1 CCW1 CW2 CCW2
Port Port 1 Port 2
Function Lit during CW pulse output to port 1. Lit during CCW pulse output to port 1. Lit during CW pulse output to port 2. Lit during CCW pulse output to port 2.
83
Pulse I/O Board

Pulse Input Indicators
Port 1 A1 B1 Z1 Port 2 A2 B2 Z2 Function
Section
2-2
Lit when the phase-A pulse input is ON at the port. Lit when the phase-B pulse input is ON at the port. Lit when the phase-Z pulse input is ON at the port.
High-speed Counter Specifications
Instructions
Instruction (@)CTBL(63) Control Range comparison table registration + comparison start Target value table registration + comparison start Range comparison table registration Target value table registration Comparison start Comparison stop PV change PV read Status read Range comparison result read Masking all interrupts Meaning Registers range comparison table and starts comparison. Registers target value table and starts comparison. Registers range comparison table. Registers target value table. Starts comparison using registered comparison table. Stops comparison. Changes PV of high-speed counter. Reads PV of high-speed counter. Reads status of high-speed counter. Reads range comparison result. asking all interrupts, such as input interrupts, interval timer interrupts, and high-speed counter interrupts. Clears masks from interrupts.
(@)INI(61)
(@)PRV(62)
(@)INT(89)
Clearing interrupt masks
Relevant Flags and Control Bits for Pulse Inputs Bits for Slot 2 of Inner Board when Using Pulse I/O Board
Word IR 232 IR 233 IR 234 IR 235 Bits 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 Port 2 Port 1 Name PV word (rightmost four digits) PV word (leftmost four digits) PV word (rightmost four digits) PV word (leftmost four digits) Function The PV of the high-speed counter for each port of the Pulse I/O Board is stored as an 8-digit BCD value after each cycle.
SR Area Bits
Word SR 252 Bit 01 Name High-speed Counter 1 Reset Bit (port 1) High-speed Counter 2 Reset Bit (port 2) Function Phase Z and software reset 0: Counter not reset on phase Z 1: Counter reset on phase Z Software reset only 0: Counter not reset 01: Counter reset
02
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Pulse I/O Board

AR Area Flags
Word AR 05 Bit 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 High-speed Counter 1 Comparison Flag High-speed Counter 1 Overflow/Underflow Flag High-speed Counter 2 Range Comparison Flags Port 1 Name High-speed Counter 1 Range Comparison Flags Function
Section
2-2
When the high-speed ON when meeting first counter is used for condition. range comparisons, a ON when meeting flag turns ON when the second condition. corresponding condition ON when meeting third is met. condition. ON when meeting fourth condition. ON when meeting fifth condition. ON when meeting sixth condition. ON when meeting seventh condition. ON when meeting eighth condition. Indicates the status of the comparison operation. 0: Stopped 1: Running Indicates the overflow/underflow status of the PV. 0: Normal (No overflow/underflow) 1: Overflow/Underflow has occurred. When the high-speed ON when meeting first counter is used in range condition. comparison format, a ON when meeting flag turns ON when the second condition. corresponding condition ON when meeting third is met. condition. ON when meeting fourth condition. ON when meeting fifth condition. ON when meeting sixth condition. ON when meeting seventh condition. ON when meeting eighth condition. Indicates the status of the comparison operation. 0: Stopped 1: Running Indicates the overflow/underflow status of the PV. 0: Normal (No overflow/underflow) 1: Overflow/Underflow has occurred.
09
AR 06
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08
Port 2
High-speed Counter 2 Comparison Flag High-speed Counter 2 Overflow/Underflow Flag
09
SR Area Flags
Word SR 254 15 Bit Inner Board Error Flag Function
AR Area Flags
Word AR 04 Bit 08 to 15 Function Error codes for Inner Board in slot 2 00 Hex: Normal 01,02 Hex: Hardware error 03 Hex: PC Setup error
85
Pulse I/O Board

Relevant PC Setup Settings
Word DM 6611 Bits 00 to 15 Function Port Mode Setting (for ports 1 and 2) 0000 Hex: High-speed Counter Mode 0001 Hex: Simple Positioning Mode Port 1 High-speed counter input mode 0 Hex: Differential phase input 1 Hex: Pulse/Direction input 2 Hex: Up/Down pulse input High-speed counter reset method 0 Hex: Phase-Z signal + software reset 1 Hex: Software reset High-speed counter numeric range 0 Hex: Linear Mode 1 Hex: Ring Mode Port 2 (Setting for pulse output use.) High-speed counter input mode 0 Hex: Differential phase input 1 Hex: Pulse/Direction input 2 Hex: Up/Down pulse input High-speed counter reset method 0 Hex: Phase-Z signal + software reset 1 Hex: Software reset High-speed counter numeric range 0 Hex: Linear Mode 1 Hex: Ring Mode (Setting for pulse outputs.)
Section
2-2
When activated When power is turned ON. When operation starts.
DM 6643
00 to 03
04 to 07
08 to 11
DM 6644
12 to 15 00 to 03
04 to 07
08 to 11
12 to 15
Pulse Output Specifications

Instructions Pulse outputs are controlled using the seven instructions shown in the following table. The table also shows the relationship between the instruction and the type of pulse output.
86
Pulse I/O Board

Instruction Control summary Single-phase pulse output without acceleration/ deceleration Yes (Independent Mode only) Yes --Single-phase pulse output with same acceleration/ deceleration rates ---
Section
Single-phase pulse output with separate acceleration/ deceleration rates Yes (Independent Mode only) -----
2-2
Variable duty factor pulse output ---
PULS(65) (SET PULSES) SPED(64) (SPEED OUTPUT) PLS2() (PULSE OUTPUT)
Sets number of output pulses.
ACC() (ACCELERATION CONTROL) PWM() (PULSE WITH VARIABLE DUTY FACTOR) INI(61) (MODE CONTROL) PRV(62) (HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ)
Controls pulse outputs without acceleration/deceleration. Controls trapezoidal acceleration/deceleration pulse outputs having same acceleration/deceleration rate. Controls trapezoidal acceleration/deceleration pulse outputs having separate acceleration/deceleration rate. Controls variable duty factor pulse outputs.
--Yes
-----
---
---
Yes
---
---
---
---
Yes
Halts pulse output.
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Reads pulse output status.
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Instructions Applicable during Output Some instructions relating to pulse output cannot be altered once output has begun. The following table lists those instructions that can and cannot be executed to change pulse output after another instruction has been executed (i.e., while pulse output is being performed as a result of a former instruction).
87
Pulse I/O Board

Instruction that started pulse output Instruction used to change pulse output SPED (Independent) SPED (Continuous) PULS (0 or 1: Pulse setting) PULS (2 or 3: pulse acceleration/ deceleration setting) --PULS (4 or 5: No pulse setting) PLS2 ACC Mode 0 (Acceleration + Independent) Enabled ACC Mode 1 (Acceleration + Continuous) --ACC Mode 2 (Deceleration + Independent) Enabled
Section
2-2
ACC Mode 3 (Deceleration + Continuous) ---
PWM
SPED(64) (Independent Mode SPED(64) (Continuous Mode) PULS(65) 0,1 (Pulse setting) PULS(65) 2,3 (Pulse acceleration/ deceleration setting) PULS(65) 3,4 (No pulse setting) PLS2()
Enabled
---
---
---
---
---
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
---
---
---
Enabled
---
Enabled
---
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
---
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
---
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
---
---
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
Enabled
---
Enabled
---
Enabled
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
Enabled when stopped Enabled
---
---
ACC() Mode 0 (Acceleration + Independent) ACC() Mode 1 (Acceleration + Continuous) ACC() Mode 2 (Deceleration + Independent) ACC() Mode 0 (Deceleration + Continuous) PWM()
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
Enabled for constant speed ---
Enabled (see note)
Enabled (see note)
---
---
---
---
Enabled
---
---
---
---
---
---
Enabled
---
---
Enabled (see note)
Enabled (see note)
Enabled (see note)
---
---
---
Enabled
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
---
Enabled
Note The number of pulses can be changed, but the direction cannot be changed.
Relevant Flags and Control Bits (for Pulse Output) Bits for Slot 2 of Inner Board when Using Pulse I/O Board
Word IR 236 IR 237 IR 238 IR 239 Bits 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 Port 1 Port 2 Name PV word (rightmost four digits) PV word (leftmost four digits) PV word (rightmost four digits) PV word (leftmost four digits) Function The PV of the pulse output associated with each port of the Pulse I/O Board is stored as an 8-digit BCD after each cycle. When pulse output is not used, these bits can be used as internal auxiliary bits.
88
Pulse I/O Board

AR Area Flags
Word AR 05 Bit 12 Port 1 Pulse Output Flags Name Deceleration Specified Flag Function
Section
2-2
13
Number of Pulses Specified Flag
14
Pulse Output Completed Flag
15
Pulse Output In Progress Flag
Indicates passage through deceleration point when deceleration is specified. 0: Not specified 1: Specified Indicates whether or not the number of pulses has been set using PULS(65). 0: Not specified 1: Specified Indicates completion of the pulse output by SPED(64), PLS2(), or ACC(). 0: Not completed 1: Completed Indicates the execution status of the pulse output. 0: No pulse output 1: Pulse output in progress Indicates passage through deceleration point when deceleration is specified. 0: Not specified 1: Specified Indicates whether or not the number of pulses has been set using PULS(65). 0: Not specified 1: Specified Indicates completion of the pulse output by SPED(64), PLS2(), or ACC(). 0: Not completed 1: Completed Indicates the execution status of the pulse output. 0: No pulse output 1: Pulse output in progress
AR 06
12
Port 2 Pulse Output Flags
Deceleration Specified Flag
13
Number of Pulses Specified Flag
14
Pulse Output Completed Flag
15
Pulse Output In Progress Flag
Operation Timing Example
Deceleration point Acceleration target
Deceleration target Number of Pulses Specified Flag (AR 0513/AR 0613) Pulse Output In Progress Flag (AR 0515/AR 0615) Deceleration Specified Flag (AR 0512/AR 0612) Pulse Output Completed Flag (AR 0514/AR 0614) PULS(65) or PLS2() executed (when setting number of pulses).
Note The status of the AR Area flags shown above may differ from the actual pulse output status due to the output frequency.
89
Pulse I/O Board

Word DM 6611 Bit 00 to 15 Function Port Mode Setting (ports 1 and 2) 0000 Hex: High-speed Counter Mode 0001 Hex: Simple Positioning Mode Port 1 (Setting for pulse input.) Fixed/Variable setting of pulse output duty factor 0 Hex: Use fixed duty factor pulse output (default). 1 Hex: Use variable duty factor pulse output. Port 2 (Setting for pulse input.) Fixed/Variable setting of pulse output duty factor 0 Hex: Use fixed duty factor pulse output (default). 1 Hex: Use variable duty factor pulse output.
Section
2-2
When setting is activated When power is turned ON. When operation starts.
DM 6643
00 to 11 12 to 15
DM 6644
00 to 11 12 to 15
2-2-7 High-speed Counters 1 and 2

Pulse signals from rotary encoders to ports 1 and 2 of the Pulse I/O Board can be counted at high speed, and interrupt processing can be executed according to the number of pulses counted. The two ports can be used independently, and the counters used for ports 1 and 2 are high-speed counter 1 and high-speed counter 2. This section describes how to use high-speed counters 1 and 2. Note The instructions that can be used are limited by the port mode setting of the Board, which is set in the DM 6611 of the PC Setup. Port Mode Setting and Applicable Instructions In Simple Positioning Mode, CTBL(63) (REGISTER COMPARISON TABLE) cannot be used, and high-speed counter interrupts cannot be performed. Only PV reads can be performed.
Instruction Function CTBL(63) Comparison table registration Comparison start INI(61) PV change Comparison start/stop PRV(62) PV read Comparison status read Range comparison result read Enabled Enabled
High-speed Counter Mode Simple Positioning Mode
Enabled Disabled
Enabled Enabled (PV change only)
Processing Input Signals and Input Modes The Input Modes that can be used for high-speed counters 1 and 2 are determined by the signal types. 1, 2, 3... 1. Differential Phase Mode (Counting Rate = 25 kHz): Two phase-difference 4x signals (phase A and phase B) and a phase-Z signal are used for inputs. The count is incremented or decremented according to differences in the two phase signals. 2. Pulse/Direction Mode (Counting Rate = 50 kHz): Phase A is the direction signal and phase B is the count pulse. The counter increments when the phase-A signal is OFF and decrements when it is ON. 3. Up/Down Mode (Counting Rate = 50 kHz): Phase A is the decrementing signal and phase B is the incrementing signal.
90
Pulse I/O Board
Section
2-2
The counter decrements when an A-phase pulse is detected and increments when a phase-B pulse is detected.
Differential Phase Mode Encoder input A (Phase A) Encoder input B (Phase B) Count
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
Pulse/Direction Mode Encoder input A (Direction) Encoder input B (Pulse) Count

1 2 3 2 1
Up/Down Mode Encoder input A (Down) Encoder input B (Up) Count

1 2 3 2 1
Incremented
Decremented
Incremented
Decremented
Incremented
Decremented
Numeric Ranges The range of values counted by high-speed counters 1 and 2 are determined by the following two modes. 1, 2, 3... 1. Ring Mode In Ring Mode, the maximum value of the counting range can be set with CTBL(63). The counter will go from the maximum count value to 0 when incrementing, and from 0 to the maximum count value when decrementing; there are no negative values. The maximum count value + 1 (i.e., the ring value) is entered as the setting. Settings can range from 1 to 65,000, making the counting range 0 to 64,999. 2. Linear Mode The counting range in Linear Mode is fixed at 8,388,608 to 8,388,607. If the count falls below the lower limit an underflow is generated, and if it exceeds the upper limit an overflow is generated. The PV will remain at 0838 8607 for overflows and F838 8608 for underflows, counting or comparison will be stopped (and the comparison table retained), and AR 0509 (port 1) or AR 0609 (port 2) will be turned ON.
Ring Mode Max. count value 0 Linear Mode
8.388,608 Decrement Increment Underflow
8.388,607 Overflow
One of the methods in the following section should be used to reset the counter when restarting the counting operation. The counter will be reset automatically when program execution is started or stopped. Note The following signal transitions are handled as forward (incrementing) pulses: Phase-A leading edge phase-B leading edge phase-A trailing edge phase-B trailing edge. The following signal transitions are handled as reverse (decrementing) pulses: Phase-B leading edge phase-A leading edge phase-B trailing edge phase-A trailing edge. Reset Methods The following two methods can be used to determine the timing by which the PV of the counter is reset (i.e., set to 0): Phase-Z signal + software reset Software reset Either the phase-Z signal + software reset or software reset alone may be used to reset the PV of the count. These resets operate in the same way as for high-
91
Pulse I/O Board
Section
2-2
speed counter 0 (the built-in high-speed counter). Refer to page 30 for details. The Reset Bits of high-speed counters 1 and 2 are as follows: Reset Bit of high-speed counter 1: SR 25201 Reset Bit of high-speed counter 2: SR 25202 Note 1. Since the reset bits for high-speed counters 1 and 2 (SR 25201 and SR 25202) are refreshed during each cycle, a flag must be ON for a minimum of 1 full cycle to be read reliably. 2. Even after a reset, the comparison table registration status, comparison execution status, and range comparison results are retained unchanged. (If a comparison was being executed before the reset, it will continue.) Count Check Methods for High-speed Counter Interrupts Just as for high-speed counter 0, the following two count check methods can be used for high-speed counters 1 and 2: Target value method Range comparison method Refer to page 31 for a description of each method. For the target value method, up to 48 conditions can be registered in the comparison table. When the PV of the counter matches one of the 48 registered comparison values, the corresponding interrupt subroutine will be executed. For the range comparison method, 8 comparison conditions are always registered in the comparison table. When the PV of the counter lies within the upper and lower limits for one of the ranges 1 to 8, the corresponding interrupt subroutine will be executed. Procedure for Use
Determine Input Mode, reset method, and Numeric Range. Input Modes: Differential Phase, Pulse/Direction, or Up/Down Reset methods: Phase Z + software reset or Software reset Numeric Range: Ring Mode or Linear Mode Determine settings for ports1 and 2 (Determine interrupt specifications). Check method: High-speed Counter Mode: Target value interrupts, range comparison interrupts Simple Positioning Mode: No interrupts (PV read; range comparison result read)
Mount Board and wire I/O.
Determine the PC Setup (DM 6611, 6643, 6644).
Port Mode Input Modes: Differential Phase, Pulse/Direction, Up/Down Reset methods: Phase Z + software reset; Software reset Numeric Range: Ring Mode; Linear Mode
Ladder program
REGISTER COMPARISON TABLE, CTBL(63): Port-specific comparison table registration and comparison start MODE CONTROL, INI(61): Port-specific PV change and comparison start HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ, PRV(62): Port-specific high-speed counter PV read, high-speed counter comparison status read, and range comparison result read SUBROUTINE DEFINE, SBN(92) and RETURN, RET(93): Creation of interrupt subroutines (Only when using high-speed counter 1 and 2 interrupts.)
92
Pulse I/O Board

Pulse I/O Board: High-speed Counter Function
Section
2-2
Port 1 (CN1) encoder input
Input Mode Differential phases Pulse/Direction Up/Down pulses
Reset Method Phase-Z signal + software reset Software reset
Numeric Range Ring Mode Linear Mode
Port Mode Setting High-speed Counter Mode Simple Positioning Mode
Count
Port 2 (CN2) encoder input PC Setup Bits 00 to 03 of DM 6643/DM 6644
PC Setup Bit 00 to 15 of DM 6611 Each cycle Each execution
PV of Counter HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ PV read Comparison operation status read Range comparison result read
Port 1: IR 233 to IR 232 Port 2: IR 235 to IR 234
Interrupts Generated Ladder Program REGISTER COMPARISON TABLE Comparison table registration and comparison start Note: Cannot be used in Simple Positioning Mode. MODE CONTROL PV change and comparison start/stop Note: Cannot be used in Simple Positioning Mode. Range Comparison Result Port 1: AR 0500 to AR 0509 Port 2: AR 0600 to AR 0609 Note: When using count check interrupts Specified Subroutine
Preliminary PC Setup
Before using high-speed counters 1 and/or 2, enter the following settings in PROGRAM mode. Port Mode Setting (DM 6611) Specify High-speed Counter Mode for ports 1 and 2. This setting is read when the PC is turned ON. If it is changed, the PC must be restarted.
Bit 15 DM 6611 0 0
Port Mode Setting 0000 Hex: High-speed Counter Mode (Must be set to High-speed Counter Mode when using high-speed counter interrupts.) 0001 Hex: Simple Positioning Mode Default: 0000 (High-speed Counter Mode)
Note
1. When using high-speed counter 1 and 2 interrupts, the port must be set to High-speed Counter Mode. Although the PV of the high-speed counter can be read in Simple Positioning Mode, high-speed counter 1 and 2 interrupts cannot be used. 2. This setting is only recognized when the CQM1H is started. To change the setting, turn the power OFF and then ON again before executing the program.
93
Pulse I/O Board
Section
2-2
3. If DM 6611 is used to set ports 1 and 2 to Simple Positioning Mode, it is possible to use the BCMP(68) instruction to check the contents of the PV words of high-speed counters 1 and 2 (IR 232 to IR 235) and use this information in place of high-speed counter 1 and 2 interrupts. However, the PV obtained using this method may vary slightly from the actual PV. Port 1 and Port 2 Operation Settings DM 6643 contains the settings for port 1, and DM 6644 contains the settings for port 2. These settings determine the operating parameters for these high-speed counters. Use settings that match the operating environment of each port.
Bit 15 DM6643/DM 6644 Numeric Range 0: Linear Mode 1: Ring Mode Reset Method 0: Z-phase and software reset 1: Software reset Input Mode 0: Differential Phase Mode 1: Pulse/Direction Mode 2: Up/Down Mode
Default: 0000 (Linear Mode, Z-phase and software reset, Differential Phase) Mode
Input Refresh Word Settings DM 6634 and DM 6635 contain the input refresh word settings for high-speed counters 1 and 2 respectively. Make these settings when it is necessary to refresh inputs before interrupt execution.
Bit 15 DM 6634/DM 6635
Number of words (2-digit BCD)
00 to 16
Beginning word (2-digit BCD) 00 to 15 (Correspond to IR 000 to IR 015) Default: 0000 (No input refresh)
Programming Note
Use the following steps to program high-speed counters 1 and 2. 1. High-speed counters 1 and 2 begin counting when the proper PC Setup settings are made. 2. The PVs of high-speed counters 1 and 2 are reset to 0 when power is turned ON, when operation begins, and when operation stops. 3. Comparison with the comparison table and interrupts will not be performed using the count operation alone. 4. The PV of high-speed counter 1 is stored in IR 232 and IR 233, and the PV of high-speed counter 2 is stored in IR 234 and IR 235.
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Pulse I/O Board

Starting and Stopping Comparison 1, 2, 3...
Section
2-2
1. Use CTBL(63) to save the comparison table in the CQM1H and begin comparisons.
(@)CTBL(63) P C TB
P: Port 001: Port 1 002: Port 2 C: Mode 000: Target value table registered and comparison begun 001: Range table registered and comparison begun 002: Target table registered only 003: Range table registered only TB: Beginning word of comparison table
If C is set to 000, then comparisons will be made using the target value method; if 001, they will be made using the range comparison method. In both cases the comparisons will begin after the comparison table is registered. While comparisons are being performed, high-speed counter 1 and 2 interrupts will be executed according to the comparison table. Refer to the explanation of CTBL(63) in Section 5 Instruction Set for details on the contents of the comparison tables that are saved. Note Although setting the value of C to 002 registers a target value comparison table, and setting C to 003 registers a range comparison table, comparison does not start automatically. In these cases, INI(61) must be used to start the comparison operation. 2. To stop comparisons, execute INI(61) as shown below. Specify port 1 or 2 in P (P=001 or 002).
(@)INI(61) P 001 000
P: Port 001: Port 1 002: Port 2
Note
1. To restart comparisons, set the first operand to the port number, and the second operand to 000 (execute comparison), and execute the INI(61) instruction. 2. A table that has been registered will be retained in the CQM1H during operation (i.e., during program execution) until a new table is registered. Reading the PV of High-speed Counters 1 and 2 The following two methods can be used to read the PVs of high-speed counters 1 and 2: Reading the PV from memory Using PRV(62) Reading the PV from Memory The PVs of high-speed counters 1 and 4 are stored in the corresponding data area words in the following way.
Leftmost four digits Port 1: Port 2: IR 233 IR 235
Rightmost four digits IR 232 IR 234
Linear Mode
Ring Mode
F8388608 to 08388607 00000000 to 00064999 (8,388,608 to 8,388,607) (The leftmost digit becomes F when the number is negative.)
Note These words are refreshed only once every cycle, so they may differ from the actual PV.
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Pulse I/O Board
Section
2-2
Using PRV(62) PRV(62) is used to read the PVs of high-speed counters 1 and 2. Specify highspeed counter 1 or 2 in P (P=001 or 002).
(@)PRV(62) P 000 D
P: Port 001: 002:
Port 1 Port 2
D: First destination word
The PV of each high-speed counter is stored as shown below. In Linear Mode, the leftmost bit will be F for negative values.
Leftmost four digits D+1 Rightmost four digits D Linear Mode Ring Mode 00000000 to 0006499
F8388608 to 08388607 (8,388,608 to 8,388,607)
Note The PV can be read accurately at the time PRV(62) is executed. Changing the PV There are two ways to change the PV of high-speed counters 1 and 2. Resetting to 0 using one of the reset methods Using INI(61) The method using INI(61) is explained here. Refer to Reset Methods on page 65 for an explanation of the use of the reset methods. Changing the PV with INI(61) Change the PV of high-speed counters 1 and 2 by using INI(61) as shown below.
(@)INI(61) P 002 P1
P: Port 001: Port 1 002: Port 2 P1: First PV word
Leftmost four digits P1+1
Rightmost four digits P1
Linear Mode
Ring Mode 00000000 to 0006499
F8388608 to 08388607
To specify a negative number in Linear Mode, set F Hex in the leftmost digit. Reading Status of High-speed Counters 1 and 2 There are 2 ways to read the status of high-speed counters 1 and 2: Reading the relevant flags in the AR area of the CQM1H Using PRV(62) Reading the Relevant AR Area Flags The CQM1H data words relating to high-speed counters 1 and 2 are shown below. It is possible to know the status of high-speed counters 1 and 2 by reading these words. Inner Board Error Codes
Word AR 04 Bits 08 to 15 Slot 2 Function The stored error codes are as follows: 00 Hex: Normal 01, 02 Hex: Hardware error 03 Hex: PC Setup error
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Pulse I/O Board

Operating Status
Word Counter 1 AR 05 Counter 2 AR 06 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 High-speed Counter Comparison Flag High-speed Counter Overflow/Underflow Flag Bit Name High-speed Counter Range Comparison Flags Function
Section
2-2
When the high-speed ON when meeting first counter is used in range condition. comparison format, a bit ON when meeting turns ON when the second condition. corresponding condition ON when meeting third is met. condition. ON when meeting fourth condition. ON when meeting fifth condition. ON when meeting sixth condition. ON when meeting seventh condition. ON when meeting eighth condition. Indicates the status of the comparison operation. 0: Stopped 1: Running Indicates the overflow/underflow status of the PV. 0: Normal (No overflow/underflow) 1: Overflow/Underflow has occurred
09
Using PRV(62) The status of high-speed counters 1 and 2 can also be determined by executing PRV(62). Specify high-speed counter 1 or 2 (P=001 or 002) and the destination word D. The status information will be written to bits 00 and 01 of D. Bits 02 to 15 will be set to 0.
(@)PRV(62) P 000 D
P: Port 001: Port 1 002: Port 2 D: Destination word
The status of the specified high-speed counter is stored in bits 00 and 01 of P1, as shown in the following table.
Bit 00 01 Function Comparison Operation Flag (0: Stopped; 1: Running) High-speed Counter 1 and 2 PV Overflow/Underflow Flag (0: Normal; 1: Underflow or overflow occurred)
Bits 04 to 07 indicate the pulse output status; all other bits are 0. Example This example shows a program that outputs standard pulses from port 1 while counting those pulses with high-speed counter 1. The high-speed counter operates in Up/Down Mode, with the pulse outputs CW pulses incrementing the counter (B-phase input) and the CCW pulses decrementing the counter (Aphase input). Before executing the program, set the PC Setup as follows and restart the PC to enable the DM 6611 settings. DM 6611: 0000 (High-speed Counter Mode). DM 6643: 0002 (Port 1: Fixed duty factor pulse output, Linear Mode, Z-phase signal with software reset, and Up/Down Mode). Other PC Setup settings use the default settings. (Inputs are not refreshed before interrupt processing.)
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Section
In addition, the following data is stored for the comparison table: DM 0000: 0003 Number of target values: 3 DM 0001: 2500 Target value 1: 2,500 DM 0002: 0000 DM 0003: 0100 Comparison 1 interrupt processing routine No.: 100 DM 0004: 7500 Target value 2: 7,500 DM 0005: 0000 DM 0006: 0101 Comparison 2 interrupt processing routine No.: 101 DM 0007: 0000 Target value 3: 10,000 DM 0008: 0001 DM 0009: 0102 Comparison 3 interrupt processing routine No.: 102
00000 @CTBL(63) 001 000 DM 0000 @PULS(65) 001 004 000 @SPED(64) 001 001 #0001 @ACC() 001 001 DM 0010
2-2
Specifies port 1, saves the comparison table in target value format, and begins comparing.
Sets CW pulses for port 1. (Number of pulses not set.)
Begins continuous pulse output from port 1 at frequency unit of 10 Hz.
ACC() mode 1 accelerates the frequency to 25 kHz at about 500 Hz/4 ms. DM 0010: 0050 DM 0011: 2500 500 Hz acc./4 ms. Target value 25 kHz.
SBN(92) 25313 (Always ON)
100
10000
Turns ON IR 10000.
RET(93) SBN(92) 25313 (Always ON) @ACC() 001 003 DM 0012 RET(93) SBN(92) 25313 (Always ON) SPED(64) 001 001 #0000 RET(93) 102 101
ACC() mode 3 decelerates the frequency to 500 Hz at about 500 Hz/4 ms. DM 0012: 0050 DM 0013: 0050 500 Hz acc./4 ms. Target value: 500 Hz.
Pulse output from port 1 is stopped by setting the frequency to 0.
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Pulse I/O Board
Section
2-2
2-2-8 Functions
The pulse output functions of the Pulse I/O Board are given in the following table.
Classification Ports 1 and 2 pulse output (Fixed duty factor) Characteristics 10 Hz to 50 (20) kHz frequency. Fixed duty factor. Bidirectional output (CW and CCW). Frequency can be changed smoothly. Instructions used Set number of pulses: PULS(65) Start pulse output: SPED(64) Change frequency: SPED(64) Stop pulse output: SPED(64)/INI(61) Acceleration/Deceleration at same rate: PLS2() Acceleration/Deceleration at separate rates: ACC() Start pulse output: PWM() Stop pulse output: INI(61)
Ports 1 and 2 pulse output (Variable duty factor)
91.6 Hz, 1.5 kHz, or 5.9 kHz frequency. Duty factor variable between 1% to 99%. Unidirectional output only.
Note When a stepping motor is connected to the pulse output of port 1 or 2, use a maximum frequency not exceeding 20 kHz.
2-2-9 Fixed Duty Factor Pulse Output

The following is a description of the procedure for performing pulse outputs from ports 1 and 2 using a duty factor of 50%. Outline Pulse outputs from ports 1 and 2 are performed as shown in the diagram below. Ports 1 and 2 can be used simultaneously. The pulse output of each port can be switched to either CW (clockwise) or CCW (counterclockwise) direction.
CPU Unit
Frequency = 10 to 50 kHz Duty factor + t on + 50% (0.5) T
Port 1 Port 2
CW CCW CW CCW
ton
When outputting pulses from ports 1 and 2, the frequency can be changed in steps or by a specified rate, as shown in the following diagram.
Frequency
Time
Pulse output from ports 1 and 2 can be performed in the following two modes: Continuous Mode: Pulse output continues until it is stopped by either a SPED(64) instruction or an INI(61) instruction. Independent Mode: Pulse output stops automatically when a specified number of pulses has been output. Output can also be stopped by a SPED(64) or INI(61) instruction. Note Use INI(61) when pulse output has to be stopped immediately, as for an emergency stop, etc. Pulse output will not stop even if a SPED(64), PLS2(), or ACC() signal turns input OFF.
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2-2
Only stop pulse output when it is actually being output. Confirm the status of pulse output using the Pulse Output In Progress Flag (AR0515/AR0615). The following table shows the types of frequency changes that can be made with combinations of PULS(65), SPED(64), INI(61), PLS2(), and ACC().
Frequency change Start pulse output at the specified frequency. Execute PULS(65) followed by SPED(64). Instruction PULS(65) SPED(64) Operand settings CW/CCW (Number of pulses) Port Continuous/Independent Frequency Port Continuous/Independent Frequency 107 Port Frequency= 0 Set control data to stop pulse output. Port 108 CW/CCW Acceleration/Deceleration rate Target frequency Number of pulses 109 CW/CCW Number of pulses Deceleration point Port Acceleration rate Target frequency 1 Deceleration rate Target frequency 2 CW/CCW 109 Page 105
Change frequency by steps during pulse output. Stop pulse output with an instruction. Execute SPED(64) or INI(61).
SPED(64)
SPED(64) INI(61)
Outputs a specified number of pulses. The pulse output accelerates to the target frequency at a specified rate, and decelerates to a stop at the same rate.
PLS2()
Outputs a specified number of pulses. The pulse output accelerates to the target frequency at a specified rate, and decelerates to a stop at another specified rate. ACC() instruction mode 0: Acceleration + Independent Mode Execute PULS(65) followed by ACC(). Accelerates pulse output from the current frequency to the target frequency at a specified rate. Pulse output will continue. Execute PULS(65) followed by ACC(). ACC() instruction mode 1: Acceleration + Continuous Mode Decelerates pulse output from the current frequency to the target frequency at a specified rate. Pulse output will stop when the specified number of pulses have been output. Execute PULS(65) followed by ACC(). ACC() instruction mode 2: Deceleration + Independent Mode Decelerates pulse output from the current frequency to the target frequency at a specified rate. Pulse output will continue. Execute PULS(65) and then ACC(). ACC() instruction mode 3: Deceleration + Continuous Mode
PULS(65)
ACC() (Mode 0)
PULS(65)
ACC() (Mode 1)
Port Acceleration rate Target frequency
PULS(65)
CW/CCW Number of pulses
110
ACC() (Mode 2)
Port Deceleration rate Target frequency
PULS(65)
CW/CCW
110
ACC() (Mode 3)
Port Deceleration rate Target frequency
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Pulse I/O Board

Single-phase Fixed Duty Factor Pulse Outputs
Section
2-2
The following flowchart shows the procedure for using PULS(65) and SPED(64) to perform single-phase fixed duty factor pulse outputs without acceleration or deceleration.
Pulse output port 1 or 2.
Determine pulse output port.
Wire output.
Output: CW/CCW with/without 1.6 k resistance. Power supply for output: 5/24 V DC Port Mode Setting (DM 6611): Sets to High-speed Counter Mode (0000 Hex) or Simple Positioning Mode (0001 Hex). Operation settings for ports 1 and 2 (DM 6643/DM 6644): Set to fixed duty factor. SET PULSES, PULS(65): Set number of output pulses for each port. SPEED OUTPUT, SPED(64): Port-specific pulse output control without acceleration/deceleration. MODE CONTROL, INI(61): Stop pulse output to a specified port. HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ, PRV(62): Read pulse output status of a specified port.
PC Setup (DM 6611/DM 6643/DM 6644)
Ladder Program
Single-phase Fixed Duty Factor Pulse Output without Acceleration/Deceleration

Fixed duty factor pulse output
PC Setup
Bits 12 to 15 of DM 6643/DM 6644 set to 0.
Pulse I/O Board Single-phase fixed duty factor pulse output without acceleration/deceleration Output Pulse output Port 1 (CN1)
Ladder Program
SET PULSES No. of pulses output (8-digit BCD) MODE CONTROL Stopping output
Ladder Program
SPEED OUTPUT Mode: Continuous/Independent Unit: 1 Hz or 10 Hz Target: 10 Hz to 50 kHz Starting pulse output Each cycle Each cycle
Pulse output Port 2 (CN2)
Each execution
Pulse output status Port 1: AR 05 Port 2: AR 06
Pulse output PV Port 1: IR 237, IR 236 Port 2: IR 239, IR 238
HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ Pulse output status read
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Pulse I/O Board

Trapezoidal Pulse Output With Same Acceleration/ Deceleration
Section
2-2
The following flowchart shows the procedure for using PLS2() to perform trapezoidal pulse outputs with the same acceleration/deceleration rate.
Determine port mode.
Simple Positioning Mode (PLS2() cannot be used in High-speed Counter Mode.)
Port 1 or port 2. Output: CW/CCW with/without 1.6 k resistance. Power supply for output: 5 V DC/24 V DC
Mount Board and wire outputs.
PC Setup (DM 6611/DM 6643/DM 6644)
Port mode setting (DM 6611): Simple Positioning Mode (DM 6611 to 0001 Hex). See Note. Operation settings for ports 1 and 2 (DM 6643/DM 6644): Set to fixed duty factor (0000 Hex). (PLS2() cannot be used in High-speed Counter Mode.) PULSE OUTPUT, PLS2(): Port-specific trapezoidal acceleration/deceleration pulse output control with same acceleration/deceleration rate. MODE CONTROL, INI(61): Stop pulse output to a specified port. HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ, PRV(62): Read pulse output status of a specified port.
Ladder Program
Trapezoidal Acceleration/Deceleration Pulse Outputs

PC Setup
Pulse I/O Board Port Mode Setting Simple Positioning Mode Trapezoidal Acceleration/ Deceleration Pulse Outputs Output
PC Setup
Bits 00 to 15 of DM 6611
Ladder Program
MODE CONTROL Stopping output
Ladder Program
PULSE OUTPUT Setting number of pulses (8-digit BCD: 00000001 to 16777215) Target: 100 Hz to 50 kHz Acc/dec rate (separate): 4.08 ms 10 Hx to 2 kHz Starting pulse output
Each cycle
Each cycle
Each execution
Pulse output status Port 1: AR 05 Port 2: AR 06
Pulse output PV Port 1: IR 237, IR 236 Port 2: IR 239, IR238
HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ Output status read
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Pulse I/O Board

Trapezoidal Pulse Output With Different Acceleration/Deceleration
Section
2-2
The following flowchart shows the procedure for using PULS(65) and ACC() to perform trapezoidal pulse outputs with different acceleration/deceleration rates.
Simple Positioning Mode: All functions of ACC() can be used. High-speed Counter Mode: Modes 1 to 3 of ACC() can be used; Mode 0 (Acceleration + Independent) is disabled.
Determine port mode.
Port 1 or port 2.
Mount Board and wire output.
Output: CW/CCW with/without 1.6 k resistance. Power supply for output: 5/24 V DC Port Mode Setting (DM 6611): Set to High-speed Counter Mode (0000 Hex) or Simple Positioning Mode (0001 Hex). See note. Operation settings for ports 1 and 2 (DM 6643/DM 6644): Set to fixed duty factor. Note: ACC() Mode 0 (Acceleration + Independent) cannot be used in High-speed Counter Mode. SET PULSES, PULS(65): Set number of output pulses for each port. ACCELERATION CONTROL, ACC(): Port-specific trapezoidal acceleration/deceleration pulse output control with different acceleration/deceleration rates. MODE CONTROL, INI(61): Stop pulse output to a specified port. HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ, PRV(62): Read pulse output status of a specified port.
PC Setup (DM 6611/DM 6643/DM 6644)
Ladder Program
Trapezoidal Acceleration/Deceleration Pulse Outputs

PC Setup
Port Mode Setting Simple Positioning or High-speed Counter Mode
Pulse I/O Board Trapezoidal Acceleration/ Deceleration Pulse Outputs Output Pulse output Port 1 (CN1)
PC Setup
Set DM 6611 to 0001.
Ladder Program
OUTPUT PULSES No. of pulses output 8-digit BCD (00000001 to 16777215) MODE CONTROL Pulse output stop Pulse output PV change
Ladder Program
ACCELERATION CONTROL Mode setting Target: 0 to 50 kHz Acc/dece rate (separate): 4.08 ms 10 Hz to 2 kHz Starting pulse output
Each cycle
Each cycle
Each execution
Pulse output status AR 05 to AR 06
Pulse output PV Port 1: IR 237, IR 236 Port 2: IR 239, IR238
HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ Output status read
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PC Setup Settings
Section
2-2
Before outputting pulses from port 1 or 2, switch the PC to PROGRAM mode and enter the following settings in the PC Setup. Port Mode Setting (DM 6611)
Bit 15 DM 6611 0
Port Mode Setting for Pulse I/O Board 0000 Hex: High-speed Counter Mode 0001 Hex: Pulse Output Mode Default: 0000 (High-speed Counter Mode)
The instructions that can be used are limited by the Port Mode setting for ports 1 and 2 of the Pulse I/O Board. The Port Mode is specified in the PC Setup (DM 6611). Port Mode Setting and Instructions The following tables show the port mode settings and the instructions that can be used with various pulse outputs. Pulse Output without Trapezoidal Acceleration/Deceleration All instructions can be used regardless of the port mode setting.
Instruction Function PULS(65) SPED(64) INI(61) Sets number Sets frequency Stops pulse output of pulses (Used in combination.) Enabled Enabled PRV(62) Reads pulse output status
Pulse Output with Trapezoidal Acceleration/Deceleration and the Same Acceleration/Deceleration Rate PLS2() (PULSE OUTPUT) cannot be used in High-speed Counter Mode. It is not possible to perform trapezoidal acceleration/deceleration pulse output using the same acceleration/deceleration rates.
Instruction Function High-speed Counter Mode Simple Positioning Mode PLS2() Sets number of pulses Disabled Enabled INI(61) Stops pulse output Enabled PRV(62) Reads pulse output status
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Pulse Output with Trapezoidal Acceleration/Deceleration and Separate Acceleration/Deceleration Rates The only limitation that exists is that ACC() (ACCELERATION CONTROL) in Mode 0 (Acceleration + Independent) cannot be used in High-speed Counter Mode.
Instruction Function PULS(65) Sets number of pulses ACC() Acceleration/ Deceleration rates (separate settings) Sets frequency Starts pulse output (Used in combination.) Enabled Mode 0 (Acc.+ Independent): Disabled Mode 3: Enabled Simple Positioning Mode Enabled INI(61) Stops pulse output PRV(62) Reads pulse output status
High-speed Counter Mode
Enabled
The setting in DM 6611 is read only when the CQM1H is started. If this setting is changed, the PC must be turned OFF and ON again to enable the new value. Operation Settings for Ports 1 and 2 (DM 6643 and DM 6644) The diagram below shows how port 1 (DM 6643) and port 2 (DM 6644) are set to perform fixed duty factor pulse output, which is the default pulse output format. The settings for ports 1 and 2 can differ.
Bit 15 DM 6643 0 0 Bit 15 DM 6644 0 0
Port 1 Pulse Type 0: Fixed duty factor pulse output Set to fixed duty factor when performing standard pulse output. 1: Variable duty factor pulse output Default: 0 (Fixed duty factor pulse output)
Port 2 Pulse Type 0: Fixed duty factor pulse output Set to fixed duty factor when performing standard pulse output. 1: Variable duty factor pulse output Default: 0 (Fixed duty factor pulse output)
Variable duty factor pulses cannot be output from a port if it has been set to perform standard pulse output. Examples The following examples show programs that controls pulse output from ports 1 and 2. Before running the programs, check that the settings in the PC Setup are as follows: DM 6611: 0001 (Simple Positioning Mode) DM 6643: 0000 (Fixed duty factor pulse output from port 1) DM 6644: 0000 (Fixed duty factor pulse output from port 2) Starting Pulse Output at Specified Frequency The following example shows PULS(65) and SPED(64) used to control a pulse output from port 1. The number of pulses specified in PULS(65) (10,000) are out-
Example 1: Starting Pulse Output with PULS(65) and SPED(64)
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put as the frequency is changed by executions of SPED(64) with different frequency settings.
05000 @PULS(65) 001 000 DM 0000 @SPED(64) 001 000 #0100 00000 @SPED(64) 001 000 #0150 00001 @SPED(64) 001 000 #0100 00002 @SPED(64) 001 000 #0050 When IR 00002 turns ON, the pulse frequency from port 1 is changed to 500 Hz. When IR 00001 turns ON, the pulse frequency from port 1 is changed to 1,000 Hz. When IR 00000 turns ON, the pulse frequency from port 1 is changed to 1,500 Hz. Starts pulse output from port 1 at 1,000 Hz in Independent Mode. DM 0000: 0000 DM 0001: 0001 When IR 05000 turns ON, PULS(65) sets port 1 for 10,000 CW pulses.
The following diagram shows the frequency of pulse outputs from port 1 as the program is executed.
Frequency 1.5 kHz 1.0 kHz 0.5 kHz Time IR 05000 turns ON IR 00000 turns ON IR 00001 turns ON IR 00002 turns ON 10,000 pulses
! Caution
Be sure that the pulse frequency is within the motors self-starting frequency range when starting and stopping the motor.
Note Speed control timing will be accurate when frequency changes are performed as input interrupt processes.
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Pulse I/O Board

Example 2: Stopping Pulse Output with SPED(64)
Section
2-2
The following example shows PULS(65) and SPED(64) used to control a pulse output from port 1. The frequency is changed by executions of SPED(64) with different frequency settings and finally stopped with a frequency setting of 0.
05000 @PULS(65) 001 004 000 @SPED(64) 001 001 #0100 00005 @SPED(64) 001 001 #0150 00006 @SPED(64) 001 001 #0100 00007 @SPED(64) 001 001 #0000 When IR 00007 turns ON, the pulse output from port 1 is stopped with a frequency setting of 0 Hz. Note: Use INI(61) if it is necessary to force pulse output to stop, as in emergency situations. When IR 00006 turns ON, the frequency from port 1 is changed to 1,000 Hz. When IR 00005 turns ON, the frequency from port 1 is changed to 1,500 Hz. Starts pulse output from port 1 at 1 kHz in Continuous Mode. When IR 05000 turns ON, PULS(65) sets port 1 for CW pulse output. There is no number of pulses setting.
Frequency 1.5 kHz 1.0 kHz
Time IR 05000 turns ON IR 00005 turns ON IR 00006 turns ON IR 00007 turns ON
! Caution
Be sure that the pulse frequency is within the motors self-starting frequency range when starting and stopping the motor.
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Pulse I/O Board

Example 3: Using PLS2() to Accelerate/ Decelerate the Frequency at the Same Rate
Section
2-2
The following example shows PLS2() used to output 100,000 CW pulses from port 1. The frequency is accelerated to 10 kHz at approximately 500 Hz/4 ms and decelerated at the same rate. Five seconds after the CW pulses have been output, another PLS2() instruction outputs 100,000 CCW pulses with the same settings.
DM 0000 DM 0001 DM 0002 DM 0003
00000 SET 05000 05000 @PLS2() 001 000 DM 0000 AR 0514 TIM 000 #0050 TIM 000 @PLS2() 001 001 DM 0000 RSET 05000 After 5 seconds elapses following completion of CW pulse output, PLS2() starts CCW pulse output from port 1 using same conditions: Acceleration rate: Approx. 500 Hz/4 ms Target frequency: 10 kHz Number of pulses: 100,000 When AR 0514 (Pulse Output Completed Flag) turns ON, a 5-second timer is started. When IR 05000 turns ON, PLS2() starts CW pulse output from port 1. Acceleration rate: Approx. 500 Hz/4 ms Target frequency: 10,000 Hz Number of pulses: 100,000 IR 05000 is turned ON when IR 00000 is ON.
0050 1000 0000 0010
Turns 05000 OFF when TIM 000 times out.
Frequency CW pulse output 10 kHz 500 Hz approx. 4 ms 1 kHz 100,000 pulses IR 05000 AR 0514 turns ON turns ON 100,000 pulses After 5 s 500 Hz approx. 4 ms About 500 Hz/4 ms Time CCW pulse output
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Pulse I/O Board

Example 4: Using ACC() to Accelerate/ Decelerate the Frequency at Different Rates
Section
2-2
The following example shows Mode 0 of ACC() used to output 10,000 CW pulses from port 1. The frequency is accelerated to 10 kHz at approximately 1 kHz/4 ms and decelerated to 1 kHz at approximately 250 Hz/4 ms. Deceleration begins after 9,100 pulses have been output.
DM 0000 DM 0001 DM 0002 DM 0003
00000 @PULS(65) 001 002 DM 0000 @ACC() 001 000 DM 0004 Starts CW pulse output from port 1. Acceleration rate: Approx. 1000 Hz/4 ms Target frequency after acceleration: 10,000 Hz Deceleration rate: Approx. 250 Hz/4 ms Target frequency after deceleration: 1 kHz Following deceleration, pulse output starts at target frequency of approx. 500 Hz/4 ms. When IR 00000 turns ON, PULS(65) sets port 1 for CW pulse output. The total number of pulses is set to 10,000 and the deceleration point is set to 9,100 pulses.
0000 0001 9100 0000
DM 0004 DM 0005 DM 0006 DM 0007
0100 1000 0025 0050
Frequency 10 kHz About 250 Hz/4 ms About 1 kHz/4 ms 1 kHz IR 00000 turns ON 9,100 pulses 10,000 pulses
Time
Example 5: Using ACC() to Accelerate the Frequency at a Specified Rate
The following example shows Mode 1 of ACC() used to increase the frequency of a pulse output from port 1. The frequency is accelerated from 1 kHz to 20 kHz at approximately 500 Hz/4 ms.
DM 0000 DM 0001
00000 @PULS(65) 002 005 000 @SPED(64) 002 001 #0100 00001 @ACC() 002 001 DM 0000 When IR 00001 turns ON, ACC() begins accelerating the port 2 pulse output at about 500 Hz/4 ms until it reaches the target frequency of 20,000 Hz. Starts 1,000 Hz (1 kHz) pulse output from port 2 in Continuous Mode. When IR 00000 turns ON, PULS(65) sets port 2 for CCW pulse output. The number of pulses is not set.
0050 2000
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Frequency 20 kHz
About 500 Hz/4 ms 1 kHz IR 00000 turns ON IR 00001 turns ON Time
Example 6: Using ACC() to Decelerate the Frequency at a Specified Rate and Stop Output
The following example shows Mode 2 of ACC() used decrease the frequency of a pulse output from port 1. The 2-kHz pulse output is already in progress in independent mode and stops automatically when the number of pulses is reached.
DM 0000 DM 0001
00000 @ACC() 001 002 DM 0000 When IR 00000 turns ON, ACC() begins decelerating the port 1 pulse frequency at about 500 Hz/4 ms until it reaches the target frequency of 10 Hz. Pulse output stops when the specified number of pulses is reached.
0050 0001
Frequency 2 kHz 1 kHz Time IR 00000 turns ON Specified number of pulses output About 500 Hz/4 ms
Note The pulse output can be stopped by executing ACC() Mode 2 with a target frequency of 0. However, since the pulse output cannot be stopped at the correct number of pulses, this method should not be used except for emergency stops. Example 7: Using ACC() to Decelerate the Frequency at a Specified Rate The following example shows Mode 3 of ACC() used to decrease the frequency of a pulse output from port 1. The 20-kHz pulse output is already in progress in Continuous Mode.
DM 0000 DM 0001
00000 @ACC() 001 003 DM 0000 When IR 00000 turns ON, ACC() begins decelerating the port 1 pulse output at about 1,000 Hz/4 ms until it reaches the target frequency of 5,000 Hz.
0100 0500
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Pulse I/O Board
Section
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Frequency 20 kHz About 1 kHz/4 ms 5 kHz Time IR 00000 turns ON
2-2-10 Variable Duty Factor Pulse Outputs

The following is the procedure for outputting pulses with varying duty factors (i.e., the ratio of the pulse ON time and the pulse cycle) from ports 1 and/or 2. This function can be used for various kinds of control outputs, such as light intensity output or speed control output to an inverter. Outline Variable duty factor pulse outputs from ports 1 and/or 2 are executed as shown in the diagram below. Ports 1 and 2 can be used at the same time.
CPU Unit
Frequency = 91.6 Hz, 1.5 kHz, 5.9 kHz Duty factor + ton Port 1 Port 2 T t on + 1% to 99% T
Variable Duty Factor Pulse Outputs Using PWM()

Port 1 or port 2.
Wire outputs.
Output: PWM() with/without 1.6 k resistance. Power supply for output: 5/24 V DC Port Mode Setting (DM 6611): High-speed Counter Mode (0000 Hex) or Simple Positioning Mode (0001 Hex) Operation settings for ports 1 and 2 (DM 6643/DM 6644): Set to variable duty factor (1000 Hex).
PC Setup (DM 6611/DM 6643/DM 6644)
Ladder Program
PULSE WITH VARIABLE DUTY FACTOR, PWM(): Set frequency and duty factor. MODE CONTROL, INI(61): Stop pulse output to a specified port. HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ, PRV(62): Read pulse output status of a specified port.
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Pulse I/O Board

Variable Duty Factor Pulse Outputs
Variable duty factor pulse output
Section
2-2
PC Setup
Pulse I/O Board Variable Duty Factor Pulse Outputs Port 1 pulse output (CN1) Port 2 pulse output (CN2)
Ladder Program
PULSE WITH VARIABLE DUTY FACTOR Target: 91.6 Hz, 1.5 kHz, or 5.9 kHz Duty factor: 1 to 99 (see note) Pulse output start MODE CONTROL Pulse output stop Pulse output status Port 1: AR 05 Port 2: AR 06 Duty factor: Ratio of ON time to pulse cycle. Each cycle Each execution
HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ Pulse output status read
PC Setup Settings
Before outputting variable duty factor pulses from port 1 or 2, switch the PC to PROGRAM Mode and make the following settings in the PC Setup. Operation Settings of Ports 1 and 2 Make the following settings to set port 1 (DM 6643) or port 2 (DM 6644) to variable duty factor pulse output mode. Ports 1 and 2 can be set separately.
Bit 15 DM 6643 1
Bit 15 DM 6644 1
Port 1 Pulse Type 0: Fixed duty factor pulse output 1: Variable duty factor pulse output Default: 0 (Fixed duty factor pulse output )
Port 2 Pulse Type 0: Fixed duty factor pulse output 1: Variable duty factor pulse output Default: 0 (Fixed duty factor pulse output )
Note
1. When a port is set to variable duty factor pulse output, it cannot output fixed duty factor pulses. 2. When using variable duty factor pulse output, all instructions can be used, regardless of the Port Mode.
Instruction Function PWM() Frequency setting Duty factor setting Pulse output start Enabled Enabled INI(61) Pulse output stop PRV(62) Pulse output status read
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Pulse I/O Board
Section
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Starting the Pulse Output PWM() is used to specify the port number, the pulse frequency, and the duty factor, and to start pulse output.
@PWM() P F D
P: Port 001: Port 1 002: Port 2 F: Output frequency 000 = 5.9 kHz 001 = 1.5 kHz 002 = 91.6 Hz D: Duty factor Specify either a 4-digit BCD constant or a word address where the value of D is stored as a 4-digit BCD representing a percentage value. The setting must be between 0001 and 0099 (i.e., 1% to 99%).
Pulse output will start using the settings specified by PWM(), and will continue with those settings until PWM() is executed again with different settings, or until INI(61) is executed to stop pulse outputs from the specified port. Stopping the Pulse Output The pulse output from a port can be stopped by executing INI(61) with C=003. Specify port 1 or 2 (P=001 or 002).
@INI(61) P 003 000
Example: Using PWM()
The following example shows PWM() used to start a 1.5 kHz pulse output from port 1 and then change the duty factor from 50% to 25%.The pulse output is then stopped with INI(61). Before running the program, check that the settings in the PC Setup are as follows: DM 6643: 1000 (variable duty factor pulse setting for port 1).
00000 @PWM() 001 001 #0050 00001 @PWM() 001 001 #0025 00002 @INI(61) 001 003 000 When IR 00002 turns ON, INI(61) stops the pulse output from port 1. When IR 00001 turns ON, the duty factor is changed to 25%. When IR 00000 turns ON, a 1.5 kHz signal is output from port 1 with a duty factor of 50%.
The following diagram shows the duty factor of the pulse output from port 1 as the program is executed.
50% duty factor pulses 50% 50% 1.5 kHz IR 00000 turns ON IR 00001 turns ON 25% 25% duty factor pulses 75% 1.5 kHz IR 00002 turns ON (Stop)
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2-2-11 Determining the Status of Ports 1 and 2

The status of pulse outputs (fixed or variable duty factor pulses) of ports 1 and 2 can be determined either by reading the status of the relevant flags in the SR and AR areas or by executing PRV(62). Reading Flag Status The memory words associated with the status of pulse outputs from ports 1 and 2 are shown in the following tables. The pulse output status can be determined by reading the contents of the words and flags shown in these words. Inner Board Error Codes
Word AR 04 Bits 08 to 15 Slot Slot 2 Function Error codes are stored as two-digit hexadecimals: 00 Hex: Normal 01 and 02 Hex: Hardware error 02 Hex: PC Setup error 03 Hex: PC stopped during pulse output
Operation Status Indicators

Word Port 1 AR 05 Port 2 AR 06 12 Bit Name Deceleration Flag Function Indicates the passage through a deceleration point when deceleration is specified. 0: Not specified 1: Specified Stores whether or not the number of pulses have been specified. 0: Not specified 1: Specified Indicates the completion status of the pulse output. 0: Not completed 1: Completed Indicates the operation status of the pulse output. 0: Pulse output stopped 1: Pulse output in progress
13
Number of Pulses Flag
14
Pulse Output Completed Flag Pulse Output Status Flag
15
Using PRV(62)
The status of pulse outputs can be determined by using PRV(62). Specify port 1 or 2 (P=001 to 002) and the destination word D.
@PRV(62) P 001 D
P: Port specifier C: 001 D: First destination word
The bits comprising the pulse output status information stored in D have the following meanings:
Bit 04 05 06 07 Function Deceleration Flag Number of Pulses Flag Pulse Output Completed Flag Pulse Output Status Flag Description Indicates deceleration. (0: Not decelerating; 1: Decelerating) Indicates whether the total number of pulses have been specified. (0: Not specified; 1: Specified.) Indicates whether pulse output has been completed. (0: Not completed; 1: Completed.) Indicates whether pulses are being output. (0: No output; 1: Output in progress.)
In addition to the above, bits 0 and 1 store information about the status of the high-speed counter. All other bits are 0.
114
Absolute Encoder Interface Board
Section
2-3
Note When PRV(62) is used to read a ports status, the most recent information will be read regardless of the PCs cycle time.
2-2-12 Precautions When Using Pulse Output Functions

The Pulse I/O Board divides the 500 kHz source clock by an integer value to generate an output pulse frequency. For this reason, the frequency setting and the frequency actually produced may differ. Refer to the following formula to calculate the actual frequency. Pulse Output Structure Setting frequency: Output frequency set by User. Division ratio: An integer value set at the division circuit to generate output pulses of the set frequency. Actual frequency: Actual output pulse frequency produced by the division circuit.
Set division ratio (integer value) according to frequency set by User. Output pulse (Actual frequency) 500 kHz Clock for generating pulses Division circuit
Actual frequency (kHz) = 500 (kHz) / INT(500 (kHz) / Set frequency (kHz) ) INT: Function to derive integer value INT (500 / Set frequency): Division ratio
The difference between the set frequency and the actual frequency increases as the frequency increases, as shown in the examples in the following table.
Set frequency (kHz) 45.46 to 50.00 41.67 to 45.45 38.47 to 41.66 31.26 to 33.33 29.42 to 31.25 27.78 to 29.41 20.01 to 20.83 19.24 to 20.00 18.52 to 19.23 10.01 to 10.20 9.81 to 10.00 9.62 to 9.80 5.01 to 5.05 4.96 to 5.00 4.90 to 4.95 3.02 to 3.03 3.00 to 3.01 2.98 to 2.99 50.00 45.45 41.67 33.33 31.25 29.41 20.83 20.00 19.23 10.20 10.00 9.80 5.05 5.00 4.95 3.03 3.01 2.99 Actual frequency (kHz)
2-3

Name Absolute Encoder Interface Board Model CQM1H-ABB21 Specifications 2 inputs for absolute encoders
2-3-1 Model
115
Section
2-3
2-3-2 Functions
The Absolute Encoder Interface Board is an Inner Board that counts two gray binary code inputs from an absolute (ABS) rotary encoder. Absolute High-speed Counter with Interrupt Function The Absolute Encoder Interface Board reads binary gray codes (inverted binary codes) input from an absolute encoder through ports 1 and 2 at a maximum counting rate of 4 kHz, and performs processing according to the input values. Operating Modes BCD Mode and 360 Mode. Resolutions One of the following can be set: 8 bits (0 to 255), 10 bits (0 to 1023), or 12 bits (0 to 4095). The resolution should be set to match that of the encoder connected. Interrupts An interrupt subroutine can be executed when the PV (present value) of the absolute high-speed counter matches a specified target value or lies within a specified comparison range. Note The use of an absolute encoder means that the position data can be retained even during power interrupts, removing the need to perform an origin return when power is returned. In addition, the origin compensation function allows the user to specify any position as the origin.

Workpieces
Processing table Motor driver (Inverter) Absolute Encoder E69-DC5 connector cable Detects angle of rotation and controls processing table. Motor

The Absolute Encoder Interface Board can only be mounted in slot 2 (right slot) of the CQM1-CPU51/61 CPU Unit.
Slot 1 Slot 2
116
Section
2-3

The Absolute Encoder Interface Board is provided with port 1 connector CN1 and port 2 connector CN2 to receive binary gray code input from absolute rotary encoders.
CQM1H-ABS02
CN1 Input from absolute encoder 1
Compatible connector Socket: XM2D-1501 (OMRON) Hood: XM2S-1511 (OMRON) Two Socket+Hood sets are provided as standard accessories.
CN2 Input from absolute encoder 2
LED Indicators
Ready (green) Lit when the Absolute Encoder Interface Board is ready. Encoder input (orange) Refer to the following table.
IN1 ERR INC1 DEC1 INC2 DEC2 IN2
RDY
Error (red) Lit when there is an error in the PC Setup for the Absolute Encoder Interface Board.
Encoder input indicators Port 1 IN1 INC1 DEC1 Port 2 IN2 INC2 DEC2 Lit when input bit 0 is ON.
Function
Lit when value input is incremented. Lit when value input is decremented.
2-3-6 Absolute Encoder Input Specifications

Instructions
Instruction (@)CTBL(63) (@)INI(61) (@)PRV(62) (@)INT(89) Meaning Used to register target or range comparison tables or to start comparisons for previously registered comparison tables. Used to start or stop comparison using registered comparison table or to change the PV of a high-speed counter. Used to read the PV or status of a high-speed counter. Used to perform mask all interrupts, such as input interrupts, interval timer interrupts, and high-speed counter interrupts.
117

Relevant Flags and Bits Bits for Absolute Encoder Interface Board in Slot 2
Word IR 232 IR 233 IR 234 IR 235 IR 236 to IR 243 Bits 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 Port 1 Port 2 Name PV word (rightmost four bits) PV word (leftmost four bits) PV word (rightmost four bits) PV word (leftmost four bits) Not used. Function
Section
2-3
The PV of the absolute high-speed counter attached to port 1 of the Absolute Encoder Interface Board is stored as an 8-digit BCD after each cycle.
---
AR Flags
Word AR 05 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 High-speed Counter Comparison Flag Port 2 High-speed Counter Range Comparison Flags Bit Port 1 Name High-speed Counter Range Comparison Flags Function When using high-speed counter 1 ON when counter PV satisfies in range comparison mode, each conditions for comparison range 1 bit turns ON when the ON when counter PV satisfies corresponding condition is conditions for comparison range 2 satisfied. ON when counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 3 ON when counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 4 ON when counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 5 ON when counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 6 ON when counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 7 ON when counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 8 Indicates status of comparison operation. OFF: Stopped ON: Comparing When using high-speed counter 2 ON when counter PV satisfies in range comparison mode, each conditions for comparison range 1 bit turns ON when the ON when counter PV satisfies corresponding condition is conditions for comparison range 2 satisfied. ON when counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 3 ON when counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 4 ON when counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 5 ON when counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 6 ON when counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 7 ON when counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 8 Indicates status of comparison operation. OFF: Stopped ON: Comparing
AR 06
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08
High-speed Counter Comparison Flag
118

SR Area Flags
Word IR 252 Bit 01 02 IR 254 15 Function
Section
2-3
Absolute High-speed Counter 1 Origin Compensation Bit (Port 1) Absolute High-speed Counter 2 Origin Compensation Bit (Port 2) Inner Board Error Flag
AR Area Bits
Word AR 04 Bits 08 to 15 Name Error code for Inner Board in slot 2 Function 00 Hex: No error 01 or 02 Hex: Hardware error 03 Hex: PC Setup error

Word DM 6611 Bits 00 to 15 Function Stored origin compensation value (BCD) for port 1 0000 to 4095 (4-digit BCD) The origin is compensated when the Origin Compensation Bit (SR 25201 for port 1, SR 25202 for port 2) is turned ON. The compensation value is set as a 4-digit BCD between 0000 and 4095 in either BCD Mode or 360 Mode. Resolution 00 Hex: 8 bits 01 Hex: 10 bits 02 Hex: 12 bits Operating mode settings 00 Hex: BCD Mode 01 Hex: 360 Mode Resolution 00 Hex: 8 bits 01 Hex: 10 bits 02 Hex: 12 bits Operating mode settings 00 Hex: BCD Mode 01 Hex: 360 Mode When setting is activated When Origin Compensation Bit turns ON in PROGRAM mode.
DM 6612
00 to 15
Stored origin compensation value (BCD) for port 2
DM 6643
00 to 07
Port 1
When operation starts.
08 to 15
DM 6644
00 to 07
Port 2
08 to 15
2-3-7 High-speed Counter Interrupts

The Absolute Encoder Interface Board interfaces an absolute encoder. Interrupt processing can be performed in response to binary gray code signals input to ports 1 or 2 from an absolute rotary encoder. The two ports can be operated separately. The counter for port 1 is called absolute high-speed counter 1 and the counter for port 2 is called absolute highspeed counter 2. This section describes how to use absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2. The counting rate is 4 kHz. Processing Input Signals and Operating Modes There are two operating modes that can be used for absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2. 1, 2, 3... 1. BCD Mode: The absolute rotary encoders binary gray code is first converted to normal binary (hexadecimal) data, and then converted to BCD. 2. 360 Mode: With the maximum value of the resolution taken to be 360, the input from
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the absolute rotary encoder is converted to an angle between 0 and 359. CTBL(63) settings are made in 5 units. The resolution of the binary gray code inputs to ports 1 and 2 must be one of the three resolutions listed in the following table. The table also shows the range of values associated with each resolution in each operating mode.
Resolution 8-bit 10-bit 12-bit BCD Mode 0 to 255 0 to 1023 0 to 4095 Possible PVs 360 Mode PV output: 0 to 359 (1 units) Comparison table settings: 0 to 355 (5 units)
Setting Absolute High-speed Counter in 360 Mode The following table shows how the settings, which are made in units of 5, are converted into binary gray codes according to the resolution. 5 to 45
Resolution 8-bit 10-bit 12-bit 4 14 57 5 10 7 28 114 15 11 43 171 20 14 57 228 25 18 71 284 30 21 85 341 35 25 100 398 40 28 114 455 45 32 128 512
50 to 355 Based on the conversions in the range 5 to 45 given above, conversions for the remaining values are calculated as follows: Setting () 45 = A with B() remaining. Conversion = (Conversion of 45) x A + (Conversion of B) E.g., 145 at a resolution of 8 bits 145 45 = 3 with 10 remaining. Therefore, converted value = 32 x 3 + 7 = 103 At resolutions of 10 and 12 bits, it is possible that small differences in computations may result in interrupt processing not being executed even when the PV matches the comparison conditions. Absolute High-speed Counter Interrupt Count The counters PV can be checked using the following two methods: Target value method Range comparison method Refer to page 31 for a description of each method.
120

Procedure for Using Absolute High-speed Counters
Determine operating mode and resolution. Operating mode: BCD Mode or 360 Mode Resolution: 8-bit, 10-bit, or 12-bit
Section
2-3
Mount Board and wire inputs.
PC Setup (DM 6643/DM 6644)
Operating mode: BCD Mode or 360 Mode Resolution: 8-bit, 10-bit, or 12-bit
Origin compensation Set encoder to position desired as origin. Check PV of absolute high-speed counter 1 or 2 (IR 232/IR 233 or IR 234/IR 235). Turn ON Origin Compensation Bit for absolute high-speed counter (SR 25201 or SR 25201). The origin compensation (4-digit BCD) will be stored in PC Setup (DM 6611 or DM 6612). Verify that 0000 is stored as the PV of absolute high-speed counter 1 or 2 (IR 232 or IR 234).
Ladder program
REGISTER COMPARISON TABLE, CTBL(63): Port-specific comparison table registration and comparison start MODE CONTROL, INI(61): Port-specific PV change and comparison start HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ, PRV(62): Port-specific high-speed counter PV read; high-speed counter comparison status read; range comparison result read SUBROUTINE DEFINE, SBN(92) and RETURN, RET(93): Creation of interrupt subroutine program (Only when using absolute high-speed counter 1 and 2 interrupts.)
121

High-speed Counter Function
Pin No.
Section
2-3
Port 1 Bit 20
Mode/Resolution Bit 21 Bit 22

. . .
Origin compensation Port 1: SR 25201 Port 2: SR 25202
Count
Count check interrupt Specified subroutine executed. Interrupt Subroutine
BCD Mode/360 Mode 8-bit, 10-bit, or 12-bit
Ladder Program PC Setup

Origin compensation storage location Port 1: DM 6611 Port 2: DM 6612 REGISTER COMPARISON TABLE Table registration Comparison start
PC Setup
DM 6643/DM 6644 29
Bit
Bit 210 Bit 211
MODE CONTROL PV change Comparison start/stop Each cycle Each execution
Note: For absolute highspeed counter interrupts. Range comparison result AR 0500 to AR 0508 (Port 1) AR 0600 to AR 0608 (Port 2)
Port 2 Bit 20
.
Bit 211 PVs of counters Port 1: IR 233 IR 232 Port 2: IR 235 IR 234 PRV (62) HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ
PV read Comparison operation status read Range comparison result read
Preliminary PC Setup
Make the following settings in PROGRAM mode before using absolute highspeed counter 1 or 2 interrupts in a program. Absolute High-speed Counter Settings DM 6643 contains the settings for absolute high-speed counter 1, and DM 6644 contains the settings for absolute high-speed counter 2. These words determine the operating modes and resolution settings.
Bit 15 DM 6643/DM 6644 Operating mode: 00: BCD mode 01: 360 mode Resolution setting: 00: 8-bit 01: 10-bit 02: 12-bit Defaults: 0000 (BCD Mode, 8-bit resolution) 0
Input Refresh Word Settings DM 6634 contains the input refresh word settings for absolute high-speed counter 1, and DM 6635 contains the settings for absolute high-speed counter 2. Make these settings when it is necessary to refresh inputs.
Bit 15 DM 6634/DM 6635 0
Number of words (2-digit BCD) First word (2-digit BCD)
00 to 12 00 to 11
Default: 0000 (No inputs refreshed)
122

Origin Compensation
Section
2-3
It is possible to compensate for a discrepancy between an absolute encoders origin and the actual origin. After origin compensation has been set, the data from the absolute encoder will be adjusted before being output as the PV. Once set, the origin compensation will remain in effect until the next origin compensation is executed; it remains in effect even after power has been turned OFF. Origin compensation can be set separately for ports 1 and 2. The default setting is for no origin compensation. Follow the procedure below to set origin compensation.
1, 2, 3...
1. Set the absolute encoder to the desired origin location. 2. Make sure that pin 1 of the CQM1H CPU Units DIP switch is OFF (enabling Programming Devices to write DM 6144 through DM 6568), then switch the PC to PROGRAM mode. 3. Set the absolute resolution in DM 6643 or DM 6644. 4. Make sure that a fatal error or FALS 9C error has not occurred. 5. Read the absolute high-speed counters PV from IR 232 and IR 233 (port 1) or IR 234 and IR 235 (port 2) to determine the value before origin compensation. 6. Turn ON the Absolute High-speed Counter 1 Origin Compensation Bit (SR 25201) or Absolute High-speed Counter 2 Origin Compensation Bit (SR 25202) from a Programming Device. The compensation value will be written to DM 6611 (port 1) or DM 6612 (port 2) and the Origin Compensation Bit will be turned OFF automatically. The compensation value will be stored as a 4-digit BCD between 0000 and 4095 regardless of whether the counter is set to BCD mode or 360 mode. 7. Read the high-speed counters PV word to verify that origin compensation has completed normally. (The PV should be 0000 after origin compensation.) The compensation value will remain in effect until it is changed again by the procedure above. Use the following steps to program absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2. Absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2 begin counting when the PC Setup settings are enabled, but comparisons will not be made with the comparison table and interrupts will not be generated unless the CTBL(63) instruction is executed. The PV of absolute high-speed counter 1 is maintained in IR 232 and IR 233, and the PV of absolute high-speed counter 2 is maintained in IR 234 and IR 235. Starting and Stopping Comparisons
Programming
1, 2, 3...
1. Use the CTBL(63) instruction to save the comparison table in the CQM1H and begin comparisons.
(@)CTBL(63) P C TB
P: Port 001: Port 1 002: Port 2 C: Mode (3-digit BCD) 000: Target value table registration and comparison start 001: Range comparison table registration and comparison start 002: Target value table registration only 003: Range comparison table registration only TB: First word of comparison table
P specifies the port. Set P=001 to specify absolute high-speed counter 1 (i.e., port 1), or P=002 to specify absolute high-speed counter 2 (port 2). Setting 000 as the value of C registers a target value comparison table, and setting 001 registers a range comparison table. Comparison begins upon completion of this registration. While comparisons are being performed, ab-
123
Section
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solute high-speed counter interrupts will be executed according to the applicable comparison table. Refer to 5-16-7 REGISTER COMPARISON TABLE CTBL(63) for details on comparison table registration. If C is set to 002, then comparisons will be made using the target value method; if 003, then they will be made using the range comparison method. In both cases the comparison table will be saved but comparisons will not actually begin until INI(61) is used. Note Unlike other high-speed counters, the interrupts of absolute highspeed counters 1 and 2 , the target value, and upper and lower limits registered in the comparison table are all set in one word each. 2. To stop comparisons, execute INI(61) as shown below. Specify port 1 or 2 in P (P=001 or 002).
(@)INI(61) P 001 000
To restart comparisons, set the first operand to the port number, and the second operand to 000 (execute comparison), and execute INI(61). A table that has been saved will be retained in the CQM1H during operation (i.e., during program execution) until a new table is saved. Reading the PV of Absolute High-speed Counters 1 and 2 The following two methods can be used to read the PVs of absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2: Reading PVs from memory (IR 232 or IR 234) Using PRV(62) Reading PVs from Memory The PVs of high-speed counters 1 and 4 are stored in the data area words as 8-digit BCDs, regardless of whether the Board is in BCD Mode or 360 Mode.
Leftmost 4 digits Port 1: Port 2: IR 233 IR 235 Rightmost 4 digits IR 232 IR 234 BCD Mode 0000 0000 to 0000 4095 360_ Mode 0000 0000 to 0000 0359
Note These words are refreshed only once every cycle, so they may differ from the actual PV. Using PRV(62) PRV(62) is used to read the PVs of absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2. Specify absolute high-speed counter 1 or 2 in P (P=001 or 002).
(@)PRV(62) P 000 D
P: Port 001: Port 1 002: Port 2 D: First destination word
The PV of the specified absolute high-speed counter is stored as shown below. The PV is stored as 8-digit BCD, regardless of whether the Board is in BCD Mode or 360 Mode.
Leftmost 4 digits D+1 Rightmost 4 digits D BCD Mode 0000 0000 to 0000 4095 360_ Mode 0000 0000 to 0000 0359
124
Section
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Note The PV can be read accurately at the time PRV(62) is executed. Reading Absolute High-speed Counter Status There are two ways to read the status of high-speed counters 1 and 2: Reading AR area flags Using PRV(62) Reading AR Area Flags The CQM1H words relating to absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2 are listed below. It is possible to determine the status of absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2 by reading these data words. Inner Board Error Codes
Word AR 04 Bits 08 to 15 Slot 2 Function The stored error codes are as follows: 00 Hex: Normal 01 or 02 Hex: Hardware error 03 Hex: PC Setup error
Words Indicating Operational Status

Word Counter 1 AR 05 Counter 2 AR 06 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 High-speed Counter Comparison Flag Bit Name High-speed Counter Range Comparison Flags Function When the high-speed ON when meeting first counter is used in range condition. comparison format, a bit ON when meeting turns ON when the second condition. corresponding condition ON when meeting third is met. condition. ON when meeting fourth condition. ON when meeting fifth condition. ON when meeting sixth condition. ON when meeting seventh condition. ON when meeting eighth condition. Indicates the status of the comparison operation. 0: Stopped 1: Running
Using PRV(62) The status of absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2 can also be determined by executing PRV(62). Specify high-speed counter 1 or 2 (P=001 or 002) and the destination word D.
@PRV(62) P 001 D
P: Port 001: Port 1 002: Port 2 D: First destination word
The status of the specified high-speed counter is stored in bit 00 of D, as shown in the following table.
Bit 00 Function Comparison Operation Flag (0: Stopped; 1: Running)
Bits 01 to 15 are set to 0. Operation Example This example shows programming that receives an input signal from an absolute rotary encoder at port 1 and uses this input to control outputs IR 10000 through IR 10003. Absolute high-speed counter 1 is set for 8-bit resolution and
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360 Mode, and range comparisons are performed. Before executing the program, set DM 6643 to 0100 (Port 1: 360 Mode, 8-bit resolution). Other PC Setup settings use the default settings. (Inputs are not refreshed at the time of interrupt processing.) In addition, the following data is stored for the comparison table:
DM 0000 DM 0001 DM 0002 DM 0003 DM 0004 DM 0005 DM 0006 DM 0007 DM 0008 DM 0009 DM 0010 DM 0011 DM 0012 DM 0013 DM 0014 DM 0015 DM 0016 DM 0017 DM 0018 DM 0019 DM 0020 DM 0021 DM 0022 DM 0023 0000 0085 0100 0090 0175 0101 0180 0265 0102 0270 0355 0103 0000 0000 FFFF 0000 0000 FFFF 0000 0000 FFFF 0000 0000 FFFF Lower limit #1 (0) Upper limit #1 (85) Subroutine number 100 Lower limit #2 (90) Upper limit #2 (175) Subroutine number 101 Lower limit #3 (180) Upper limit #3 (265) Subroutine number 102 Lower limit #4 (270) Upper limit #4 (355) Subroutine number 103 Lower limit #1 (0) Upper limit #1 (0) No subroutine number Lower limit #1 (0) Upper limit #1 (0) No subroutine number Lower limit #1 (0) Upper limit #1 (0) No subroutine number Lower limit #1 (0) Upper limit #1 (0) No subroutine number First range setting (0 to 85)
Second range setting (90 to 175)
Third range setting (180 to 265)
Fourth range setting (270 to 355)
Fifth range setting (Not used.)
Sixth range setting (Not used.)
Seventh range setting (Not used.)
Eighth range setting (Not used.)
In 360 Mode, upper and lower limits are set in units of 5.
126

00000 @CTBL(63) 001 001 DM 0000 SBN(92) 25313 (Always ON) MOV(21) #0001 100 100
Section
2-3
Specifies port 1, saves the comparison table in range matching format, and begins comparing.
Turns ON IR 10000. Turns OFF other bits in IR 100.
RET(93) SBN(92) 25313 (Always ON) MOV(21) #0002 100 101
RET(93)
The following diagram shows the relationship between the PV of absolute highspeed counter 1 and Range Comparison Result Flags AR 0500 to AR 0507 as the above instructions are executed.
AR 0500 AR 0501 AR 0502 AR 0503
AR 0504 to AR 0507
PV=0
85 90
175 180
265
270
355
360
127
Analog Setting Board
Section
2-4
2-4
Analog Setting Board

Name Analog Setting Board Model CQM1H-AVB41 Specifications Four analog setting screws
2-4-1 Model
2-4-2 Function
Each of the values set using the four variable resistors located on the front of the Analog Settings Board is stored as a 4-digit BCD between 0000 and 0200 in the analog settings words (IR 220 to IR 223). By using the Analog Setting Board, an operator can, for example, set the value of a timer instruction using an analog setting (IR 220 to IR 223), and thereby slightly speed up or slow down the speed or timing of a conveyor belt simply by adjusting a control with a screwdriver, removing the need for a Programming Device. Using the Analog Timer The following example shows the 4-digit BCD setting (0000 to 0200) stored in IR 220 to IR 223 being used as a timer setting.
00005 TIM000 220
The setting of TIM000 is set externally in IR 220. (Timer is executed using the setting of analog control 0.)
IR 220 IR 221 IR 222 IR 223 Phillips screwdriver

The Analog Setting Board can be installed in either slot 1 (left slot) or slot 2 (right slot) of the CQM1H-CPU51/61 CPU Unit. Both slots, however, cannot be used at the same time.
Slot 1 Slot 2
Install in one slot only.
128
Analog I/O Board
Section
2-5

The four analog controls of the Analog Setting Board are located on the front panel. The front panel does not have any indicators. The value of the setting increases as the control is rotated clockwise. Use a small Philips screwdriver for this purpose. Specifying IR 220 to IR 223 as the set value of a TIM instruction enables the Board to be used as an analog timer. When the timer is started, the analog settings are stored as the timer set value.
The value for this control is stored in IR 220. The value for this control is stored in IR 221. The value for this control is stored in IR 222. The value for this control is stored in IR 223.
! Caution
While the power is turned ON, the contents of IR 220 to IR 223 are constantly refreshed with the values of the corresponding controls. Be sure that these words are not written to from the program or a Programming Device.
Relevant Bits The values of the Analog Setting Board analog controls are stored in the following addresses of the Inner Board area regardless of the slot in which the Board is mounted.
Word IR 220 IR 221 IR 222 IR 223 Bits 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 Name Analog control 1 Analog control 2 Analog control 3 Analog control 4 Function With each cycle, the values of analog controls 0 to 3 are stored as 4-digit BCD values between 0000 and 0200.
None
2-5
Analog I/O Board

Name Analog I/O Board Model CQM1H-MAB42 Specifications 4 analog inputs (10 to +10 V; 0 to 5 V; 0 to 20 mA; separate signal range for each point) 2 analog outputs (10 to +10 V; 0 to 20 mA; separate signal range for each point)
2-5-1 Model
2-5-2 Function
The Analog I/O Board is an Inner Board featuring four analog inputs and two analog outputs.
129
Analog I/O Board
Section
2-5
The signal ranges that can be used for each of the four analog input points are 10 to +10 V, 0 to 5 V, and 0 to 20 mA. A separate range is set for each point. The settings in DM 6611 determine the signal ranges. The signal ranges that can be used for each of the two analog output points are 10 to +10 V and 0 to 20 mA. A separate signal range can be selected for each point. The settings in DM 6611 determine the signal range.

Analog I/O Board
Four analog input points
Two analog output points
2-5-4 Applicable Inner Board Slot

The Analog I/O Board can only be mounted in slot 2 (right slot) of the CQM1HCPU51/61 CPU Unit.
Slot 1 Slot 2
130
Analog I/O Board
Section
2-5

The Analog I/O Board has a CN1 connector for the four analog inputs and a CN2 connector for 2 analog outputs.
CQM1H-MAB42 Analog I/O Board
CN1 Analog inputs 1 to 4
Compatible connector Socket: XM2D-1501 (OMRON) Hood: XM2S-1511 (OMRON)
CN2 Analog outputs 1 to 2
Two Socket+Hood sets are provided as standard accessories.
LED Indicators
ERR (Red) Lit when there is an error in the PC Setup for analog I/O, or when an error has occurred during analog conversion.
ERRj RDYj
RDY (Green) Lit when analog I/O can be performed.
131
Analog I/O Board
Section
2-5
Analog Inputs: Input Data and Converted Values
10 to +10 V Converted value (12-bit binary data) 0 to +10 V Converted value (12-bit binary data)
10 V 5 V +5 V +10 V
Analog input signal
0V 0 to 5 V or 0 to 20 mA Converted value (12-bit binary data)
5V
10 V
Analog input signal
0V 0 mA
2.5 V 10 mA
5V 20 mA
Analog input signal
Analog Outputs: Settings and Output Data

10 to +10 V Analog output signal +10 V +5 V 0V 0 to 20 mA Analog output signal 20 mA
Setting (12-bit binary data) 5 V 10 V
10 mA
0 mA
Setting (11-bit binary data)
Applications Examples
The Board uses no special instructions. MOV(21) is used to read analog input values and set analog output values.
132
Analog I/O Board

Relevant Bits Bits Used by Inner Board in Slot 2
Word IR 232 IR 233 IR 234 IR 235 IR 236 IR 237 Bits 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 Name Analog input 1 converted value Analog input 2 converted value Analog input 3 converted value Analog input 4 converted value Analog output 1 setting Analog output 2 setting
Section
2-5
Function The converted value from each input from the Analog I/O Board is stored as a 4-digit Hex each cycle. 10 to +10 V: F800 to 07FFF Hex 0 to 10 V: 0000 to 0FFF Hex 0 to 5 V/0 to 20 mA: 0000 to 0FFF Hex
The setting of each output from the Analog I/O Board is stored as a 4-digit Hex. (Read each cycle.) 10 to +10 V: F800 to 07FF Hex 0 to 20 mA: 0000 to 07FF Hex
SR Area Flags
Word SR 254 15 Bit Inner Board Error Flag Function
AR Area Flags
Word AR 04 Bits 08 to 15 Error codes for Inner Board in slot 2 Function 00 Hex: Normal 01 or 02 Hex: Hardware error 03 Hex: PC Setup error 04 Hex: A/D or D/A conversion error

Word DM 6611 Bits 00 to 07 00, 01: Analog input 1 input signal range 02, 03: Analog input 2 input signal range 04, 05: Analog input 3 input signal range 06, 07: Analog input 4 input signal range Function 00: 10 to +10 V 01: 0 to 10 V 10: 0 to 5 V/0 to 20 mA 11: Not used. (0 to 20 mA are distinguished by the connected terminal.) Specifies use or non-use of A/D conversion for each port. 0: Use input (conversion) 1: Do not use input (no conversion)
08 09 10 11 12 to 15
Analog input 1 usage selection Analog input 2 usage selection Analog input 3 usage selection Analog input 4 usage selection Not used. (Fixed at 0.)
Note The level of the analog output signal is determined by the connected terminal, and there is no PC Setup setting. These settings are reflected in status at power ON.
133
Serial Communications Board
Section
2-6
2-5-7 Application Procedure

Determine analog input ranges and number of inputs. Determine analog output ranges and number of outputs.
Wire analog inputs and analog outputs.
0 to 5 V and 0 to 20 mA analog inputs are selected by the terminals connected. 0 to 5 V and 0 to 20 mA analog outputs are selected by the terminals connected.
PC Setup (DM 6611)
Set signal ranges for analog inputs. Set whether or not to use analog inputs.
Analog inputs: Read converted values. Ladder Program Analog outputs: Write settings.
2-6

This section provides an introduction to the Serial Communications Board. Detailed information can be found in the Serial Communications Board Operation Manual (W365).
2-6-1 Model Number

Name Serial Communications Board Model Specifications CQM1H-SCB41 One RS-232 port One RS-422A/485 port
2-6-2 Serial Communications Boards

The Serial Communications Board is an Inner Board for the CQM1H-series PCs. One Board can be installed in Inner Board slot 1 of a CQM1H-series CPU Unit. The Board cannot be installed in slot 2. The Board provides two serial communications ports for connecting host computers, Programmable Terminals (PTs), general-purpose external devices, and Programming Devices (excluding Programming Consoles). This makes it possible to easily increase the number of serial communications ports for a CQM1Hseries PC.
Port 1: Port 2:
RS-232C RS-422A/485
2-6-3 Features
The Serial Communications Board is an option that can be mounted in the CPU Unit to increase the number of serial ports without using an I/O slot. It supports
134
Section
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protocol macros (which are not supported by the ports built into the CPU Units), allowing easy connection to general-purpose devices that have a serial port.
Inside controlled machine Serial Communications Board
RS-232C
RS-422A/485 Temperature controller or other device
OR Bar code reader Dedicated controller or other device or other device
External device with RS-232C or RS-422A/485 port
Both RS-232C and RS-422A/485 ports are provided. The RS-422A/485 port enables 1:N connections to general-purpose external devices without going through Converting Link Adapters. The 1:N connections can be used with protocol macros or 1:N-mode NT Links.
135
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The following serial communications modes are supported by the Serial Communications Board: Host Link (SYSMAC WAY), protocol macro, no-protocol, 1:1 Data Links, 1:N-mode NT Link, and 1:1-mode NT Link modes. The devices shown in the following diagram can be connected. Note The 1:1-mode NT Link and 1:N-mode NT Link communications modes use different protocols that are not compatible with each other.
Programming Device (excluding Programming Console)
General-purpose external device
Programmable Terminal (PT)
C-series PC
Host computer
Protocol macros No-protocol
NT Link
1:1 Data Link
Host Link
Host Link
RS-232C
CQM1H-series CPU Unit Serial Communications Board
RS-422A/485
General-purpose external device
Programmable Terminal (PT)
C-series PC
Protocol macros No-protocol
NT Link
1:1 Data Link
Programming Device (excluding Programming Console)
Host computer
Host Link
Host Link
Note An NT-AL001-E Converting Link Adapter can be used to convert between RS-232C and RS-422A/485. This Link Adapter requires a 5-V power supply. Power is provided by the RS-232C port on the Serial Communications Board when the Link Adapter is connected to it, but must be provided separately when connecting the Link Adapter to other devices.
136
SECTION 3 Memory Areas

This section describes the structure of the CQM1H PC memory areas and explains how to use them. It also describes the Memory Cassette operations used to transfer data between the CPU Unit and a Memory Cassette. Memory Area Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IR Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-1 Input and Output Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-2 Work Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-3 I/O Allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-4 Flags/Bits for an Inner Board in Slot 1 (IR 200 to IR 215) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-5 Flags/Bits for an Inner Board in Slot 2 (IR 232 to IR 243) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2-6 Flags/Bits for Communications Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 SR Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4 TR Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5 HR Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6 AR Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6-1 Shared Flags/Bits (AR 00 to AR 04) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6-2 Flags/Bits for Inner Boards (AR 05 and AR 06) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6-3 Shared Flags/Bits (AR 07 to AR 27) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6-4 Using the Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7 LR Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8 Timer/Counter Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9 DM Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10 EM Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11 Using Memory Cassettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11-1 Memory Cassettes and Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11-2 Memory Cassette Capacity and Program Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11-3 Writing to the Memory Cassette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11-4 Reading from the Memory Cassette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11-5 Comparing Memory Cassette Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 3-2 138 140 140 140 140 147 149 151 152 155 155 155 156 156 158 162 163 163 164 165 165 165 166 168 168 169
137
Memory Area Structure
Section
3-1
3-1

The following memory areas can be used with the CQM1H.
Size Words Bits IR 00000 to IR 01515 IR 10000 to IR 11515 IR 01600 to IR 08915 IR 11600 to IR 18915 IR 21600 to IR 21915 IR 22400 to IR 22915 IR 09000 to IR 09615 IR 19000 to IR 19615 IR 09600 to IR 09915 IR 19600 to IR 19915 IR 20000 to IR 21515 Function Input bits can be allocated to Input Units or I/O Units. The 16 bits in IR 000 are always allocated to the CPU Units built-in inputs. Output bits can be allocated to Output Units or I/O Units. Work bits do not have any specific function, and they can be freely used within the program. 256 bits IR 000 to IR 015 256 bits IR 100 to IR 115 2,528 IR 016 to bits IR 089 min. IR 116 to (note 2) IR 189 IR 216 to IR 219 IR 224 to IR 229 96 bits IR 090 to IR 095 96 bits IR 190 to IR 195
Data area IR area Input area (note 1) Output area Work areas
Controller Link status areas
Used to indicate the Controller Link Data Link status information. (Can be used as work bits when a Controller Link Unit is not mounted.) Used to indicate the Controller Link error and network participation information. (Can be used as work bits when a Controller Link Unit is not mounted.) Used when the MACRO instruction, MCRO(99), is used. (Can be used as work bits when the MACRO instruction is not used.) These bits are allocated to the Inner Board mounted in slot 1 of the CQM1H-CPU51/61. (Can be used as work bits when the CQM1H-CPU11/CPU21 is being used or slot 1 is empty.) CQM1H-CTB41 High-speed Counter Board: IR 200 to IR 213 (14 words): Used by the Board IR 214 and IR 215 (2 words): Not used. CQM1H-SCB41 Serial Communications Board: IR 200 to IR 207 (8 words): Used by the Board IR 208 to IR 215 (8 words): Not used.
MACRO operand area (note 1)
Input area Output area
64 bits
Inner Board slot 1 area
IR 096 to IR 099 64 bits IR 196 to IR 199 256 bits IR 200 to IR 215
Analog settings area (note 1)
64 bits
IR 220 to IR 223
IR 22000 to IR 22315
High-speed Counter 0 PV (note 1)
32 bits
IR 230 to IR 231
IR 23000 to IR 23115
192 bits IR 232 to IR 243
IR 23200 to IR 24315
Used to store the analog settings when the CQM1H-AVB41 Analog Setting Board is mounted. (Can be used as work bits when an Analog Setting Board is not mounted.) Used to store the present values of the built-in highspeed counter (high-speed counter 0). (Can be used as work bits when high-speed counter 0 is not being used.) These bits are allocated to the Inner Board mounted in slot 2 of the CQM1H-CPU51/61. (Can be used as work bits when the CQM1H-CPU11/21 is being used or slot 2 is empty.) CQM1H-CTB41 High-speed Counter Board: IR 232 to IR 243 (12 words): Used by the Board CQM1H-PLB21 Pulse I/O Board: IR 232 to IR 239 (8 words): Used by the Board IR 240 to IR 243 (4 words): Not used. CQM1H-ABB21 Absolute Encoder Interface Board: IR 232 to IR 239 (8 words): Used by the Board IR 240 to IR 243 (4 words): Not used. CQM1H-MAB42 Analog I/O Board: IR 232 to IR 239 (8 words): Used by the Board IR 240 to IR 243 (4 words): Not used.
138

Data area SR area HR area AR area TR area LR area (note 1) Timer/Counter area (note 3) Size Words Bits SR 24400 to SR 25507 HR 0000 to HR 9915 AR 0000 to AR 2715 TR 0 to TR 7 Function
Section
3-1
184 bits SR 244 to SR 255 1,600 HR 00 to bits HR 99 448 bits AR 00 to AR 27 8 bits ---
1,024 LR 00 to LR 0000 to bits LR 63 LR 6315 512 bits TIM/CNT 000 to TIM/CNT 511 (timer/counter numbers) 3,072 words 3,072 words 425 words DM 0000 to DM 3071 DM 3072 to DM 6143 DM 6144 to DM 6568 -------
DM area Read/write
These bits serve specific functions such as flags and control bits. These bits store data and retain their ON/OFF status when power is turned OFF. These bits serve specific functions such as flags and control bits. These bits are used to temporarily store ON/OFF status at program branches. Used for 1:1 Data Link through the RS-232 port or through a Controller Link Unit. The same numbers are used for both timers and counters. When TIMH(15) is being used, timer numbers 000 to 015 can be interrupt-refreshed to ensure proper timing during long cycles. DM area data can be accessed in word units only. Word values are retained when power is turned OFF. Available in CQM1H-CPU51/61 CPU Units only. Cannot be overwritten from program (only a Programming Device). DM 6400 to DM 6409 (10 words): Controller Link DM parameter area DM 6450 to DM 6499 (50 words): Routing table area DM 6550 to DM 6559 (10 words): Serial Communications Board settings
Read-only (note 4)
Error log area (note 4) PC Setup (note 4) EM area
31 words 56 words 6,144 words
DM 6569 to DM 6599 DM 6600 to DM 6655 EM 0000 to EM 6143
---
Used to store the time of occurrence and error code of errors that occur. Used to store various parameters that control PC operation. EM area data can be accessed in word units only. Word values are retained when power is turned OFF. Available in the CQM1H-CPU61 CPU Unit only.
-----
Note
1. IR and LR bits that are not used for their allocated functions can be used as work bits. 2. A minimum 2,528 bits are available as work bits. Other bits can be used as work bits when they are not used for their allocated functions, so the total number of available work bits depends on the configuration of the PC. 3. When accessing a PV, TIM/CNT numbers are used as word data; when accessing Completion Flags, they are used as bit data. 4. Data in DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be overwritten from the program.
139
IR Area
Section
3-2
3-2
IR Area
The functions of the IR area are explained below.
3-2-1 Input and Output Areas

IR area bits are allocated to terminals on I/O Output Units and Dedicated I/O Units. They reflect the ON/OFF status of input and output signals. Input bits begin at IR 00000, and output bits begin at IR 10000. With the CQM1H, only IR 00000 through IR 01515 can be used as input bits and only IR 10000 through IR 11515 can be used as output bits. Note Input bits cannot be used in output instructions. Do not use the same output bit in more than one OUT and/or OUT NOT instruction, or the program will not execute properly.
3-2-2 Work Areas

The work bits can be used freely within the program. They can only be used within the program, however, and not for direct external I/O. Work bits are reset (i.e., turned OFF) when the CQM1H power supply is turned OFF or when operation begins or stops. The following table shows the parts of the IR area that have been set aside for use as work areas.
Words IR 016 to IR 089 (74 words) IR 116 to IR 189 (74 words) IR 216 to IR 219 (4 words) IR 224 to IR 229 (6 words) Bits IR 01600 to IR 08915 (1,184 bits) IR 11600 to IR 18915 (1,184 bits) IR 21600 to IR 21915 (64 bits) IR 22400 to IR 22915 (96 bits)
The bits in the ranges shown below have specific functions, but can still be used as work bits when their specific functions are not being used.
Range IR 001 to IR 015 IR 090 to IR 095 IR 096 to IR 099 IR 100 to IR 115 IR 190 to IR 195 IR 196 to IR 199 IR 200 to IR 215 IR 220 to IR 223 IR 230 to IR 231 IR 232 to IR 243 Function When allocated to Input Units, these bits serve as input bits. When a Controller Link Unit is mounted to the PC, these bits indicate the status of the Data Link. When the MACRO instruction is used, these bits serve as operand input bits. When allocated to Output Units, these bits serve as output bits. When a Controller Link Unit is mounted to the PC, these bits indicate information on errors and nodes in the network. When the MACRO instruction is used, these bits serve as operand output bits. These bits are used by an Inner Board mounted in slot 1. These bits serve to store the analog settings when an Analog Setting Board is installed. When high-speed counter 0 is used, these bits are used to store its present value. These bits are used by an Inner Board mounted in slot 2.
3-2-3 I/O Allocation

I/O words are allocated to I/O Units and Dedicated I/O Units in order from the left, beginning with IR 001 for inputs and IR 100 for outputs. The CPU Units 16 input points are allocated to IR 000. I/O bits are allocated in one-word units, even for I/O Units that require only 8 bits. Note Input and output bits are not allocated to Inner Boards or Communications Units.
140
IR Area
Section
3-2
There isnt a registered I/O table in CQM1H PCs, so it isnt necessary to register an I/O table from a Programming Device. Just mount the desired Units in the PC and I/O is allocated automatically.
CPU Unit
Input area
(CPU Unit inputs)
16 built-in inputs (1 word)
Other Units (I/O Units and Dedicated I/O Units)

Inputs and outputs are allocated separately from the left in the order that the Units are connected.
16 words max. (256 bits)
From here
Inputs Outputs only only
Inputs only
Inputs and outputs
Output area From here 16 words max. (256 bits)
8-point I/O Units
I/O bits are allocated in one-word units, even for I/O Units that require only 8 bits.
8-point Units One word allocated
These bits are allocated.
The unused input bits (08 to 15) cannot be used as work bits, but unused output bits (08 to 15) can be used as work bits. 16-point I/O Units One input word is allocated to each 16-point Input Unit and one output word is allocated to each 16-point Output Unit. Input or output points 0 to 15 correspond to bits 00 to 15 of the allocated word.
16-point Units One word allocated
32-point I/O Units
Two input words are allocated to each 32-point Input Unit and two output words are allocated to each 32-point Output Unit. I/O points 0 to 15 of connector pin A
141
IR Area
Section
3-2
correspond to bits 00 to 15 of the first allocated word (n) and I/O points 0 to 15 of connector pin B correspond to bits 00 to 15 of the next allocated word (n+1).
32-point Units
Two words allocated
Dedicated I/O Units
Dedicated I/O Units require a predetermined number of input bits, output bits, or both input and output bits. In some Dedicated I/O Units, the number of words required may depend on the Units DIP switch settings. For example, a CQM1-AD041 Analog Input Unit requires either 4 input words or 2 input words. (The Analog Input Unit requires 4 input words when 4 analog inputs are being used and 2 input words when 2 analog inputs are being used.)
Analog inputs Four words allocated
Input words and output words that were not allocated to Units can be used as work words. I/O Allocation Example CPU Block Only This example shows the I/O allocation for a PC with two DC Input Units, two Transistor Output Units, and a Sensor Unit.
O U T 16 16
I N
I N 8
O U T 32
S E N
IN: Input Unit OUT: Output Unit SEN: Sensor Unit
Input area IR 000 IR 001 IR 002 IR 003 IR 004

(CPU Unit inputs)
16 inputs
8 inputs
Sensor Unit
Output area IR 100 IR 101 IR 102 16 outputs 32 outputs
142
IR Area
Order in PC 1 2 3 4 5 Unit CPU Unit CQM1-ID111 CQM1-OD212 CQM1-ID211 CQM1-OD213 CQM1-SEN01 Specifications 16 inputs 16 inputs 16 outputs 8 inputs 32 outputs 1 sensor input Number of words 1 input word 1 input word 1 output word 1 input word 2 output words 2 input words
Section
3-2
Allocated word(s) IR 000 IR 001 IR 100 IR 002 IR 101 and IR 102 IR 003 and IR 004
CPU Block and Expansion I/O Block When an Expansion I/O Block is connected, words are allocated started with the CPU Block and then continuing in order to the Expansion I/O Block. Input words are allocated from IR 001 and output words are allocated from IR 1000.
CPU Block I/O Control Unit I/O Interface Unit Expansion I/O Block
I N 16
O U T 32 32
I N
I N 16
I N 32
O U T 16
Input area IR 000 IR 001 IR 002 IR 003 IR 004 IR 005 IR 006 IR 007 IR 008
(CPU Unit inputs)
16 inputs 32 inputs 16 inputs 32 inputs

2 input words
Output area IR 100 IR 101 IR 102 IR 103 IR 104 32 outputs 16 outputs

2 output words
IN: OUT: AD: IPS: DA:
Input Unit Output Unit Analog Input Unit Analog Power Supply Unit Analog Output Unit
Order in PC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Unit CPU Unit CQM1-ID111 CQM1-ID112 CQM1-OD213 CQM1-ID111 CQM1-ID112 CQM1-OC222 CQM1-AD041 CQM1-IPS01 CQM1-DA021
Specifications 16 inputs 16 inputs 32 inputs 32 outputs 16 inputs 32 inputs 16 outputs 2 input words --2 output words
Number of words 1 input word 1 input word 2 input words 2 output words 1 input word 2 input words 1 output word 2 input words --2 output words
Allocated word(s) IR 000 IR 001 IR 002 and IR 003 IR 100 and IR 101 IR 004 IR 005 and IR 006 IR 102 IR 007 and IR 008 --IR 103 and IR 104
Note
1. I/O words are not allocated to the I/O Control Unit or I/O Interface Unit.
143
IR Area
Section
3-2
2. I/O words are not allocated to the Analog Power Supply Unit, but it is counted as one of the mounted Units. I/O Capacity and Requirements The number of I/O bits that can be allocated depends on the CQM1H CPU Unit being used, as shown in the following table. Be sure to take into account the one input word (IR 000) that is automatically allocated to inputs on the CPU Unit. If the number of words allocated exceeds the capacity of the CPU Unit, a fatal I/O UNIT OVER error (error code E1) will occur.
CPU Unit CQM1H-CPU61 CQM1H-CPU51 CQM1H-CPU21 CQM1H-CPU11 Max. number of I/O bits 512 bits (256 inputs and 256 outputs) (32 words: 16 input and 16 output words) 256 bits Number of I/O words available to Units other than the CPU Unit 31 (15 input words, 16 output words)
15
Refer to page 145 for a table showing how many I/O words are required by each I/O Unit and page 146 for a table showing how many I/O words are required by each Dedicated I/O Unit. AR 22 indicates the number of input words and output words that have been allocated, as shown in the following diagram.
Word AR 22 Bits 00 to 07 08 to 15 Function The number of input words that have been allocated. The number of output words that have been allocated. Data range 01 to 16 (2-digit BCD) 00 to 16 (2-digit BCD)
The CQM1H does not have a Backplane, so it isnt necessary to deal with empty slots when allocating I/O words. The lowest available I/O word addresses are allocated automatically. Inputs are automatically allocated to input words and outputs are automatically allocated to output words regardless of the order in which the Input Units and Output Units are mounted. Even though I/O allocation is not affected, it is recommended that the Input Units be mounted together and Output Units be mounted together to make the word allocation easier to understand and help eliminate problems with noise.
144
IR Area
I/O Words Required by I/O Units
Name I/O points 8 16 32 Model Input words (starting from IR 001) 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 -----
Section
3-2
Output words (starting from IR 100)
DC Input Units
AC Input Units Relay Output Units Transistor Output Units
8 8 16 8 16 32 16 8 8 6
AC Output Units
CQM1-ID211 CQM1-ID111 CQM1-ID212 CQM1-ID112 CQM1-ID213 CQM1-ID214 CQM1-IA121 CQM1-IA221 CQM1-OC221 CQM1-OC222 CQM1-OC224 CQM1-OD211 CQM1-OD212 CQM1-OD213 CQM1-OD216 CQM1-OD214 CQM1-OD215 CQM1-OA221 CQM1-OA222
1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1
145
IR Area
I/O Words Required by Dedicated I/O Units
Name Model
Section
Input words (starting from IR 001) 2 or 4 ------1 --2 1 2 or 1 2 or 1 --2 1 (See note.) 1 1 1 1 --2 or 1
3-2
Output words (starting from IR 100) --2 --1 --2 --1 2 or 1 --2 or 1 2 -----
Analog Input Unit Analog Output Units Power Supply Units B7A Interface Units
CQM1-AD041 CQM1-DA021 CQM1-IPS01 CQM1-IPS02 CQM1-B7A02 CQM1-B7A12 CQM1-B7A03 CQM1-B7A13 CQM1-B7A21 CQM1-G7M21 CQM1-G7N11 CQM1-G7N01 CQM1-LK501 CQM1-SEN01 E3X-MA11 E3C-MA11 E2C-MA11 E39-M11 CQM1-TU001 CQM1-TC001 CQM1-TC002 CQM1-TC101 CQM1-TC102 CQM1-TC201 CQM1-TC202 CQM1-TC203 CQM1-TC204 CQM1-TC301 CQM1-TC302 CQM1-TC303 CQM1-TC304 CQM1-LSE01 CQM1-LSE02 CQM1-SRM21-V1 CQM1-DRT21
G730 Interface Units
I/O Link Unit Sensor Units Optical Fiber Photoelectric Module Photoelectric Module with Separate Amplifier Proximity Module with Separate Amplifier Dummy Module Remote Console Temperature Control Units
2 or 1
Linear Sensor Interface Units CompoBus/S Master Unit CompoBus/D I/O Link Unit
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4, 2, or 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4, 2, or 1 1
Note A total of 5 words are required when the next 4 Modules (E3X-MA11, E3C-MA11, E2C-MA11, and E39-M11) are mounted.
146
IR Area
Section
3-2
3-2-4 Flags/Bits for an Inner Board in Slot 1 (IR 200 to IR 215)

Serial Communications Board Flags/Bits
Word Bits Function Serial Communications Board Hardware Error Flag Port Identification Error Flag (hardware error) Protocol Data Error Flag Not used. Port 2 Protocol Macro Execution Error Flag Port 1 Protocol Macro Execution Error Flag Port 2 PC Setup Error Flag Port 1 PC Setup Error Flag PC Setup Error Flag Port 1 Error Code 0: Normal operation 1: Parity error 2: Framing error 3: Overrun error 4: FCS error 5: Timeout error 6: Checksum error 7: Command error Communications Error Flag Transmission Enabled Flag Reception Completed Flag Reception Overflow Flag Sequence Abort Completion Flag Port 2 Error Code 0: Normal operation 1: Parity error 2: Framing error 3: Overrun error 4: FCS error 5: Timeout error 6: Checksum error 7: Command error Communications Error Flag Transmission Enabled Flag Reception Completed Flag Reception Overflow Flag Sequence Abort Completion Flag Port 1 Communicating with PT Flags (Bits 00 to 07 = PTs 0 to 7) Repeat Counter PV (00 to FF hexadecimal) Reception Counter (4-digit BCD) Port 2 Communicating with PT Flags (Bits 00 to 07 = PTs 0 to 7) Repeat Counter PV (00 to FF hexadecimal) Reception Counter (4-digit BCD) Port 1 Tracing Flag Port 2 Not used. Port 1 Echoback Disabled Flag (Only used for modem control in protocol Port 2 macro mode. See note.) Port 1 Protocol Macro Error Code 0: Normal operation 1: No protocol macro function 2: Sequence number error 3: Reception data/write area overflow Port 2 4: Protocol data grammar error 5: Protocol macro executed during port initialization Port 1 Completed Reception Case Number Completed Step Number Not used. IR 20408 to IR 20411 Data Stored Flag 0: No data stored; 1: Data stored Protocol macro Communications modes All modes Protocol macro
IR 200 00 01 02 03 to 10 11 12 13 14 15 IR 201 00 to 03
All modes
All modes
04 05 06 07 08 to 11
Host Link or No-protocol Protocol macro All modes
12 13 14 15 IR 202 00 to 07 00 to 15 IR 203 00 to 07 00 to 15 IR 204 00 01 02 to 05 06 07 08 to 11 12 to 15 IR 205 00 to 03 04 to 07 08 to 14 15
Host Link or No-protocol Protocol macro NT Link in 1:N mode Protocol macro No-protocol NT Link in 1:N mode Protocol macro No-protocol Protocol macro
Protocol macro
147
IR Area
Word Bits Function Port 2 Completed Reception Case Number Completed Step Number Not used. IR 20412 to IR 20415 Data Stored Flag 0: No data stored; 1: Data stored Port 1 Serial Communications Port Restart Bits Port 2 Port 1 Port 2 Port 1 Port 2 Port 1 Port 2 Port 1 Continuous Trace Start/Stop Bits Shot Trace Start/Stop Bits Echoback Disable Bit (Only used for modem control in protocol macro mode. See note.) Protocol Macro Executing Flag
Section
3-2
IR 206 00 to 03 04 to 07 08 to 14 15 IR 207 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 IR 208 00 to 15 to IR 215
Communications modes Protocol macro
All modes Protocol macro
Step Error Processing Flag Sequence End Completion Flag Forced Abort Bit Port 2 Protocol Macro Executing Flag Step Error Processing Flag Sequence End Completion Flag Forced Abort Bit Not used.
No-protocol or Protocol macro Protocol macro
---
Note Applicable only for CQM1H-SCB41, lot numbers 0320 or later.
High-speed Counter Board Flags/Bits

Word IR 200 IR 201 IR 202 IR 203 IR 204 IR 205 IR 206 IR 207 IR 208 (High-speed counter 1) Bits 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 07 Name High-speed PV (rightmost 4 digits) Counter 1 PV (leftmost 4 digits) High-speed PV (rightmost 4 digits) Counter 2 PV (leftmost 4 digits) High-speed PV (rightmost 4 digits) Counter 3 PV (leftmost 4 digits) High-speed PV (rightmost 4 digits) Counter 4 PV (leftmost 4 digits) Comparison Results: Internal Output Bits Comparison Results: External Output Bits for Outputs 1 to 4 Counter Operating Flag Comparison Flag PV Overflow/Underflow Flag SV Error Flag Function Contains the high-speed counter PV for each of the High-speed Counter Boards ports. Note The PV data format (BCD or hexadecimal) can be set in the PC Setup (DM 6602.)
08 to 11 IR 209 (High-speed 12 counter 2) IR 210 13 (High-speed counter 3) 14 IR 211 (High-speed 15 counter 4)
Contains the bit pattern specified by operand in CTBL() when conditions are satisfied. Contains the bit pattern specified by operand in CTBL() when conditions are satisfied. 0: Stopped 1: Operating Indicates whether comparison is in progress. 0: Stopped; 1: Operating 0: Normal 1: Overflow or underflow occurred. 0: Normal 1: SV error occurred.
148
IR Area
Word IR 212 Bits 00 01 02 03 04 to 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 00 01 02 03 04 05 to 15 Name High-speed Counter 1 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 2 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 3 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 4 Reset Bit Not used. High-speed Counter 1 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 2 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 3 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 4 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 1 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 2 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 3 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 4 Stop Bit External Output 1 Force-set Bit External Output 2 Force-set Bit External Output 3 Force-set Bit External Output 4 Force-set Bit External Output Force-set Enable Bit Not used.
Section
Function Phase Z and software reset 0: Counter not reset on phase Z 1: Counter reset on phase Z Software reset only 0: Counter not reset 01: Counter reset 01: Starts comparison. 10: Stops comparison.
3-2
0: Continues operation. 1: Stops operation.
IR 213
1: Force-setting of outputs 1 to 4 enabled 0: Force-setting of outputs 1 to 4 disabled
Analog Setting Board (Slot 1 and 2) Flags/Bits

Word IR 220 IR 221 IR 222 IR 223 Bits 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 Analog SV 1: 0000 to 0200 (4-digit BCD) Analog SV 2: 0000 to 0200 (4-digit BCD) Analog SV 3: 0000 to 0200 (4-digit BCD) Analog SV 4: 0000 to 0200 (4-digit BCD) Function
3-2-5 Flags/Bits for an Inner Board in Slot 2 (IR 232 to IR 243)

Word IR 232 IR 233 IR 234 IR 235 IR 236 IR 237 IR 238 IR 239 IR 240 (High-speed counter 1) Bits 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 07 Name High-speed PV (rightmost 4 digits) Counter 1 PV (leftmost 4 digits) High-speed PV (rightmost 4 digits) Counter 2 PV (leftmost 4 digits) High-speed PV (rightmost 4 digits) Counter 3 PV (leftmost 4 digits) High-speed PV (rightmost 4 digits) Counter 4 PV (leftmost 4 digits) Comparison Results: Internal Output Bits Comparison Results: External Outputs Bits for Outputs 1 to 4 Counter Operating Flag Comparison Flag PV Overflow/Underflow Flag SV Error Flag Function Contains the high-speed counter PV for each of the High-speed Counter Boards ports. Note The PV data format (BCD or hexadecimal) can be set in the PC Setup (DM 6602.)
149
IR Area
Word AR 05 Bits 00 01 02 03 04 to 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 00 01 02 03 04 05 to 15 Name High-speed Counter 1 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 2 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 3 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 4 Reset Bit Not used. High-speed Counter 1 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 2 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 3 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 4 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 1 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 2 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 3 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 4 Stop Bit External Output 1 Force-set Bit External Output 2 Force-set Bit External Output 3 Force-set Bit External Output 4 Force-set Bit External Output Force-set Enable Bit Not used.
Section
Function Phase Z and software reset 0: Phase-Z reset disabled 1: Phase-Z reset enabled Software reset only 0: Software reset disabled 01: Executes software reset 01: Starts comparison. 10: Stops comparison.
3-2
AR 06
Pulse I/O Board Flags/Bits

Word IR 232 IR 233 IR 234 IR 235 IR 236 IR 237 IR 238 IR 239 IR 240 to IR 243 Bits 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 Function High-speed Counter 1 PV (rightmost 4 digits) High-speed Counter 1 PV (leftmost 4 digits) High-speed Counter 2 PV (rightmost 4 digits) High-speed Counter 2 PV (leftmost 4 digits) Port 1 Pulse Output PV (rightmost 4 digits) Port 1 Pulse Output PV (leftmost 4 digits) Port 2 Pulse Output PV (rightmost 4 digits) Port 2 Pulse Output PV (leftmost 4 digits) Not used.
Absolute Encoder Interface Board Flags/Bits

Word IR 232 IR 233 IR 234 IR 235 IR 236 to IR 243 Bits 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 Function Absolute Encoder High-speed Counter 1 PV (rightmost 4 digits) Absolute Encoder High-speed Counter 1 PV (leftmost 4 digits) Absolute Encoder High-speed Counter 2 PV (rightmost 4 digits) Absolute Encoder High-speed Counter 2 PV (leftmost 4 digits) Not used.
Analog I/O Board Flags/Bits

Word IR 232 IR 233 IR 234 IR 235 IR 236 IR 237 IR 236 to IR 243 Bits 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 Analog Input 1 Conversion Value Analog Input 2 Conversion Value Analog Input 3 Conversion Value Analog Input 4 Conversion Value Analog Output 1 SV Analog Output 2 SV Not used. Function
150
IR Area
Section
3-2
3-2-6 Flags/Bits for Communications Units

Controller Link Status Area 1 (IR 090 to IR 095)
Word IR 090 Bits 00 to 14 15 Function Always 0 Local Nodes Data Link Participation Status 0: The local node not in the Data Link or Data Link is stopped. 1: The local node is participating in the Data Link. Data Link Status: Node 1 Data Link Status: Node 2 Data Link Status: Node 3 Data Link Status: Node 4 Data Link Status: Node 5 Data Link Status: Node 6 Not used. Always 0 Terminator Status 0: Terminating resistance switch OFF 1: Terminating resistance switch ON Always 0 Function Network Parameters Error Flag 1: Error occurred; 0: No error Data Link Table Error Flag 1: Error occurred; 0: No error Routing Table Error Flag 1: Error occurred; 0: No error Always 0 EEPROM Write Error Flag 1: Error occurred; 0: No error Always 0 Node Number Duplication Error Flag 1: Error occurred; 0: No error Network Parameters Mismatch Error Flag 1: Error occurred; 0: No error Communications Controller Transmitter Error Flag 1: Error occurred; 0: No error Communications Controller Hardware Error Flag 1: Error occurred; 0: No error Always 0 Error Log Flag 1: Error record recorded; 0: No error records recorded Polling Nodes Node Number Startup Nodes Node Number Network Participation Status 1: Participating in network; 0: Not participating in network Not used.
IR 091 IR 092 IR 093 IR 094 IR 095
00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 10 11
12 to 15
Word IR 190
Bits 00 01 02 03 to 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 and 14 15
IR 191 IR 192 and IR 193 IR 194 and IR 195
00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15
151
SR Area
Section
3-3
3-3
SR Area
These bits mainly serve as flags related to CQM1H operation. The following table provides details on the various bit functions. SR 244 to SR 247 can also be used as work bits when input interrupts are not used in Counter Mode.
Word SR 244
Bit(s) 00 to 15
Function Input Interrupt 0 Counter Mode SV SV when input interrupt 0 is used in Counter Mode (4-digit hexadecimal, 0000 to FFFF). (Can be used as work bits when input interrupt 0 is not used in Counter Mode.) Input Interrupt 1 Counter Mode SV SV when input interrupt 1 is used in Counter Mode (4-digit hexadecimal, 0000 to FFFF). (Can be used as work bits when input interrupt 1 is not used in Counter Mode.) Input Interrupt 2 Counter Mode SV SV when input interrupt 2 is used in Counter Mode (4-digit hexadecimal, 0000 to FFFF). (Can be used as work bits when input interrupt 2 is not used in Counter Mode.) Input Interrupt 3 Counter Mode SV SV when input interrupt 3 is used in Counter Mode (4-digit hexadecimal, 0000 to FFFF). (Can be used as work bits when input interrupt 3 is not used in Counter Mode.) Input Interrupt 0 Counter Mode PV Minus One Counter PV-1 when input interrupt 0 is used in Counter Mode (4-digit hexadecimal). Input Interrupt 1 Counter Mode PV Minus One Counter PV-1 when input interrupt 1 is used in Counter Mode (4-digit hexadecimal). Input Interrupt 2 Counter Mode PV Minus One Counter PV-1 when input interrupt 2 is used in Counter Mode (4-digit hexadecimal). Input Interrupt 3 Counter Mode PV Minus One Counter PV-1 when input interrupt 3 is used in Counter Mode (4-digit hexadecimal).
Page 24
SR 245
00 to 15
SR 246
00 to 15
SR 247
00 to 15
SR 248 SR 249 SR 250 SR 251
00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15
24
152
SR Area
Word SR 252 Bit(s) 00 01 High-speed Counter 0 Reset Bit Control Bit for Inner Board in Slot 2 Pulse I/O Board: High-speed Counter 1 Reset Bit Turn ON to reset PV of high-speed counter 1 (port 1). Function
Section
3-3
Page 30 139
Absolute Encoder Interface Board: Absolute High-speed Counter 1 Origin Compensation Bit Turn ON to set origin compensation for absolute high-speed counter 1 (port 1). Automatically turns OFF when compensation value is set in DM 6611. 02 Control Bit for Inner Board in Slot 2 Pulse I/O Board: High-speed Counter 2 Reset Bit Turn ON to reset PV of high-speed counter 2 (port 2). Absolute Encoder Interface Board: Absolute High-speed Counter 2 Origin Compensation Bit Turn ON to set origin compensation for absolute high-speed counter 2 (port 2). Automatically turns OFF when compensation value is set in DM 6612. 03 to 07 08 Not used. Peripheral Port Reset Bit Turn ON to reset peripheral port. (Not valid when Programming Device is connected.) Automatically turns OFF when reset is complete. RS-232C Port Reset Bit Turn ON to reset RS-232C port. Automatically turns OFF when reset is complete. PC Setup Reset Bit Turn ON to initialize PC Setup (DM 6600 through DM 6655). Automatically turns OFF again when reset is complete. Only effective if the PC is in PROGRAM mode. Forced Status Hold Bit OFF: Bits that are forced set/reset are cleared when switching from PROGRAM mode to MONITOR mode. ON: The status of bits that are forced set/reset are maintained when switching from PROGRAM mode to MONITOR mode. I/O Hold Bit OFF: IR and LR bits are reset when starting or stopping operation. ON: IR and LR bit status is maintained when starting or stopping operation. Not used. Error Log Reset Bit Turn ON to clear error log. Automatically turns OFF again when operation is complete. Output OFF Bit OFF: Normal output status. ON: All outputs turned OFF. FAL Error Code The error code (a 2-digit number) is stored here when an error occurs. The FAL number is stored here when FAL(06) or FALS(07) is executed. This byte is reset (to 00) by executing a FAL 00 instruction or by clearing the error from a Programming Device. Low Battery Flag Turns ON when a CPU Unit battery voltage drops. Cycle Time Over Flag Turns ON when a cycle time overrun occurs (i.e., when cycle time exceeds 100 ms). Not used. Always ON Flag Always OFF Flag First Cycle Flag Turns ON for 1 cycle at the start of operation. 46 139
09 10
11
12
12
12
13 14 15
499 155
SR 253
00 to 07
225
08 09 10 to 12 13 14 15
496 496
-------
153
SR Area
Word SR 254 Bit(s) 00 01 02 to 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 to 12 13 Function
Section
3-3
Page ----321 321 139 226 424 417 420
1-minute Clock Pulse (30 seconds ON; 30 seconds OFF) 0.02-second Clock Pulse (0.01 second ON; 0.01 second OFF) Not used. Overflow (OF) Flag Turns ON when the result of a calculation is above the upper limit of signed binary data. Underflow (UF) Flag Turns ON when the result of a calculation is below the lower limit of signed binary data. Differential Monitor Complete Flag Turns ON when differential monitoring is complete. STEP(08) Execution Flag Turns ON for 1 cycle only at the start of process based on STEP(08). HKY() Execution Flag Turns ON during execution of HKY(). 7SEG(88) Execution Flag Turns ON during execution of 7SEG(88). DSW(87) Execution Flag Turns ON during execution of DSW(87). Not used. Communications Unit Error Flag Turns ON when an error occurs in a Communications Unit. This flag mirrors the operation of the Communications Unit Error Flag (AR 0011). Not used. Inner Board Error Flag Turns ON when an error occurs in an Inner Board mounted in slot 1 or slot 2. The error code for slot 1 is stored in AR 0400 to AR 0407 and the error code for slot 2 is stored in AR 0408 to AR 0415. 0.1-second Clock Pulse (0.05 second ON; 0.05 second OFF) 0.2-second Clock Pulse (0.1 second ON; 0.1 second OFF) 1.0-second Clock Pulse (0.5 second ON; 0.5 second OFF) Instruction Execution Error (ER) Flag Turns ON when an error occurs during execution of an instruction. Carry (CY) Flag Turns ON when there is a carry in the results of an instruction execution. Greater Than (GR) Flag Turns ON when the result of a comparison operation is greater. Equals (EQ) Flag Turns ON when the result of a comparison operation is equal, or when the result of an instruction execution is 0. Less Than (LE) Flag Turns ON when the result of a comparison operation is less.
420
14 15
---
SR 255
00 01 02 03 04 05 06
---------------
07
---
SR 25211 (Forced Status Hold Bit)
When the forced set/reset status is cleared, the bits that were forced will be turned ON or OFF as follows: Forced set cleared: Forced reset cleared: Bit turned ON Bit turned OFF
All force-set or force-reset bits will be cleared when the PC is switched to RUN mode unless DM 6601 in the PC Setup has been set to maintain the previous status of the Forced Status Hold Bit when power is turned ON. This setting can be used to prevent forced status from being cleared even when power is turned ON. Turn this bit ON and OFF from a Programming Device. SR 25212 (I/O Hold Bit) When this bit is ON, the status of bits in the IR and LR areas will be retained when the PC is switched from PROGRAM to RUN or MONITOR mode. (If the I/O Hold Bit is OFF, all IR and LR bits will be reset when the PC starts operation.) Turn this bit ON and OFF from a Programming Device.
154
AR Area
Section
3-6
DM 6601 in the PC Setup can be set to maintain the previous status of the I/O Hold Bit when power is turned ON. When this setting has been made and the I/O Hold BIt is ON, the status of bits in the IR and LR areas will not be cleared when the power is turned ON. SR 25215 (Output OFF Bit) When this bit is turned ON, all outputs will be turned OFF and the CPU Units INH indicator will light. As long as the Output OFF BIt is ON, outputs will remain OFF even if output bits are turned ON by the program. Pulse outputs from Transistor Output Units and Pulse I/O Boards will remain OFF as long as the Output OFF Bit is ON. If a High-speed Counter Board has been installed, the Boards external outputs (1 to 4) will remain OFF as long as the Output OFF Bit is ON. When the Output OFF Bit will normally be OFF, turn it OFF regularly from the program. If the Output OFF BIt is not turned OFF from the program, its ON/OFF status will be retained when the power is OFF (although its status may not be retained if the backup battery fails.) A setting can be made in the PC Setup (DM 6655) so that these errors will not be generated. A setting can be made in the PC Setup (DM 6655) so that these errors will not be generated.
SR 25308 (Battery Low Flag) SR 25309 (Cycle Time Over Flag)
3-4
TR Area
When a complex ladder diagram cannot be programmed in mnemonic code just as it is, these bits are used to temporarily store ON/OFF execution conditions at program branches. They are used only for mnemonic code. When programming directly with ladder diagrams, TR bits are automatically processed for you. The same TR bits cannot be used more than once within the same instruction block, but can be used again in different instruction blocks. The ON/OFF status of TR bits cannot be monitored from a Programming Device. Examples showing the use of TR bits in programming are provided on page 189.
3-5
HR Area
These bits retain their ON/OFF status even after the CQM1H power supply has been turned OFF or when operation begins or stops. They are used in the same way as work bits. ! Caution Never use an input bit in a NC condition on the reset (R) for KEEP(11) when the input device uses an AC power supply (see diagram below). The delay in shutting down the PCs DC power supply relative to the AC power supply to the input device can cause the designate bit of KEEP(11) to be reset.
A Input Unit
B
Set Reset
KEEP HR0000
AC
3-6
AR Area
These bits mainly serve as flags related to CQM1H operation. The flags in AR 05 and AR 06 relate to the operation of Inner Boards and their functions are different for each Inner Board. The following table has been split to show the functions of the shared flags (AR 00 to AR 04 and AR 07 to AR 27) and the flags unique to particular Inner Boards (AR 05 and AR 06.) With the exception of AR 23 (Power-off Counter), the status of AR words and bits is refreshed each cycle. (AR 23 is refreshed only for power interruptions.)
155
AR Area
Section
3-6
3-6-1 Shared Flags/Bits (AR 00 to AR 04)

Word AR 00 Bit(s) 00 to 10 11 12 to 15 AR 01 00 to 10 11 12 to 15 AR 02 00 to 07 08 Function Not used. Communications Unit Error Flag Turns ON when an error occurs in a Communications Unit. Not used. Not used. Communications Unit Restart Bit Turn this bit ON and then OFF to restart the Communications Unit. Not used. Network Instruction Completion Code Contains the completion code for network instructions (SEND(90), RECV(98), or CMND().) Network Instruction (SEND(90), RECV(98), or CMND()) Error Flag Turns ON when an error occurred in execution of a network instruction (SEND(90), RECV(98), or CMND().) Network Instruction (SEND(90), RECV(98), or CMND()) Enabled Flag Turns ON when a network instruction (SEND(90), RECV(98), or CMND()) can be executed. Not used. Communications Unit Connected Flag Turns ON when a Communications Unit is mounted to the PC. Communications Unit Servicing Time Indicates the servicing time for the last cycle in 0.1-ms units (4-digit BCD.) Slot 1 Inner Board Error Code (Hex) 00: Normal 01, 02: Hardware error 04: Serial Communications Board error Slot 2 Inner Board Error Code (Hex) 00: Normal 01, 02: Hardware error 03: PC Setup error 04: PC stopped during pulse output or A/D (D/A) conversion error
09 10 to 14 15 AR 03 AR 04 00 to 15 00 to 07
08 to 15
3-6-2 Flags/Bits for Inner Boards (AR 05 and AR 06)

High-speed Counter Board Slot 2 Flags/Bits (AR 05 to AR 06)
Word AR 05 Bit(s) 00 01 02 03 04 to 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 Function High-speed Counter 1 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 2 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 3 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 4 Reset Bit Not used. High-speed Counter 1 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 2 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 3 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 4 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 1 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 2 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 3 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 4 Stop Bit Operation Z Phase and software reset 0: Z-phase reset disabled 1: Z-phase reset enabled Software reset only 0: Software reset disabled 01: Executes software reset --01: Starts comparison. 10: Stops comparison.
156
AR Area
Word AR 06 Bit(s) 00 01 02 03 04 05 to 15 Function External Output 1 Force-set Bit External Output 2 Force-set Bit External Output 3 Force-set Bit External Output 4 Force-set Bit External Output Force-set Enable Bit Not used. 0: Not valid 1: Forced ON
Section
Operation
3-6
0: Force-setting of outputs 1 to 4 disabled 1: Force-setting of outputs 1 to 4 enabled ---
Pulse I/O Board Slot 2 Flags/Bits (AR 05 to AR 06)

Word AR 05 Bit(s) 00 to 07 Operation High-speed Counter 1 Range Comparison Flags Bit 00 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 1 Bit 01 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 2 Bit 02 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 3 Bit 03 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 4 Bit 04 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 5 Bit 05 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 6 Bit 06 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 7 Bit 07 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 8 High-speed Counter 1 Comparison Flag OFF: Stopped ON: Comparing High-speed Counter 1 Overflow/Underflow Flag OFF: Normal ON: Overflow or underflow occurred. Not used. Port 1 Pulse Output Flags Bit 12 ON: Deceleration specified. (OFF: Not specified.) Bit 13 ON: Number of pulses specified. (OFF: Not specified.) Bit 14 ON: Pulse output completed. (OFF: Not completed.) Bit 15 ON: Pulse output in progress. (OFF: No pulse output.) High-speed Counter 2 Range Comparison Flags Bit 00 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 1 Bit 01 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 2 Bit 02 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 3 Bit 03 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 4 Bit 04 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 5 Bit 05 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 6 Bit 06 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 7 Bit 07 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 8 High-speed Counter 2 Comparison Flag OFF: Stopped ON: Comparing High-speed Counter 2 Overflow/Underflow Flag OFF: Normal ON: Overflow or underflow occurred. Not used. Port 2 Pulse Output Flags Bit 12 ON: Deceleration specified. (OFF: Not specified.) Bit 13 ON: Number of pulses specified. (OFF: Not specified.) Bit 14 ON: Pulse output completed. (OFF: Not completed.) Bit 15 ON: Pulse output in progress. (OFF: No pulse output.)
08
09
10 to 11 12 to 15
AR 06
00 to 07
08
09
10 to 11 12 to 15
157
AR Area
Absolute Encoder Interface Board Flags/Bits (AR 05 to AR 06)
Word AR 05 Bit(s) 00 to 07 Operation High-speed Counter 1 Range Comparison Flags Bit 00 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 1 Bit 01 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 2 Bit 02 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 3 Bit 03 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 4 Bit 04 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 5 Bit 05 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 6 Bit 06 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 7 Bit 07 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 8 High-speed Counter 1 Comparison Flag OFF: Stopped ON: Comparing Not used. High-speed Counter 2 Range Comparison Flags Bit 00 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 1 Bit 01 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 2 Bit 02 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 3 Bit 03 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 4 Bit 04 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 5 Bit 05 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 6 Bit 06 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 7 Bit 07 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 8 High-speed Counter 2 Comparison Flag OFF: Stopped ON: Comparing Not used.
Section
3-6
08
AR 06
09 to 15 00 to 07
08
09 to 15
3-6-3 Shared Flags/Bits (AR 07 to AR 27)

Word AR 07 Bit(s) 00 Function Controller Link Data Link Start Bit OFF ON: Start (This bit is ON when the power is turned ON.) ON OFF: Stop Not used. DIP Switch Pin 6 Flag OFF: CPU Units DIP switch pin No. 6 is OFF. ON: CPU Units DIP switch pin No. 6 is ON. Not used.
01 to 11 12
13 to 15
158
AR Area
Word AR 08 Bit(s) 00 to 03 04 05 Function
Section
3-6
RS-232C Port Error Code (1-digit number) 0: Normal completion; 1: Parity error; 2: Framing error; 3: Overrun error RS-232C Port Error Flag Turns ON when a communications error occurs at the CPU Units built-in RS-232C port. RS-232C Port Transmission Enabled Flag Valid only when host link or RS-232C communications are used at the CPU Units built-in RS-232C port. RS-232C Port Reception Completed Flag Valid only when RS-232C communications are used at the CPU Units built-in RS-232C port. RS-232C Port Reception Overflow Flag Valid only when host link or RS-232C communications are used at the CPU Units built-in RS-232C port. Peripheral Port Error Code (1-digit number) 0: Normal completion; 1: Parity error; 2: Framing error; 3: Overrun error Peripheral Port Error Flag Turns ON when a peripheral port communications error occurs. Peripheral Port Transmission Enabled Flag Valid only when host link or RS-232C communications are used. Peripheral Port Reception Completed Flag Valid only when RS-232C communications are used. Peripheral Port Reception Overflow Flag Valid only when host link or RS-232C communications are used. RS-232C Port Reception Counter 4 digits BCD; valid only when RS-232C communications are used. Peripheral Port Reception Counter 4 digits BCD; valid only when RS-232C communications are used. High-speed Counter 0 Range Comparison Flags Bit 00 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 1 Bit 01 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 2 Bit 02 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 3 Bit 03 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 4 Bit 04 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 5 Bit 05 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 6 Bit 06 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 7 Bit 07 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 8 Not used. Pulse Output Status for Pulse Output Bit Specification 0: Stopped; 1: Output Not used. Memory Cassette Installed Flag Turns ON if the Memory Cassette is installed at the time of powering up. Clock Available Flag Turns ON if a Memory Cassette equipped with a clock is installed. Memory Cassette Write-protected Flag ON when an EEPROM or Flash-memory Memory Cassette is mounted and write protected or when an EPROM Memory cassette is mounted. Not used. Memory Cassette Code (1-digit number) 0: No Memory Cassette installed. 1: EEPROM, 4-Kword Memory Cassette installed. 2: EEPROM, 8-Kword Memory Cassette installed. 3: Flash memory, 16-Kword Memory Cassette installed. 4: EPROM-type Memory Cassette installed. Not used.
06 07
08 to 11 12 13 14 15 AR 09 AR 10 AR 11 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 07
08 to 14 15 AR 12 AR 13 00 to 15 00 01 02
03 04 to 07
08 to 15
159
AR Area
Word AR 14 Bit(s) 00 Function
Section
3-6
CPU Unit to Memory Cassette Transfer Bit Turn ON for transfer from the CPU Unit to the Memory Cassette. Automatically turns OFF again when operation is complete. Memory Cassette to CPU Unit Transfer Bit Turn ON for transfer from the Memory Cassette to the CPU Unit. Automatically turns OFF again when operation is complete. Memory Cassette Compare Bit Turn ON to compare the contents of the PC with the contents of the Memory Cassette. Automatically turns OFF again when operation is complete. Memory Cassette Comparison Results Flag ON: Difference found or comparison not possible OFF: Contents compared and found to be the same. Not used. PROGRAM Mode Transfer Error Flag Turns ON when transfer could not be executed due to being in PROGRAM mode. Write-protect Error Flag Turns ON when transfer could not be executed due to write-protection. Insufficient Capacity Flag Turns ON when transfer could not be executed due to insufficient capacity at the transfer destination. No Program Flag Turns ON when transfer could not be executed due to there being no program in the Memory Cassette. Memory Cassette Program Code Code (2-digit number) indicates the size of the program stored in the Memory Cassette. 00: There is no program, or no Memory Cassette is installed. 04: The program is less than 3.2 Kwords long. 08: The program is less than 7.2 Kwords long. 12: The program is less than 11.2 Kwords long. 16: The program is less than 15.2 Kwords long. CPU Unit Program Code Code (2-digit number) indicates the size of the program stored in the CPU Unit. 04: The program is less than 3.2 Kwords long. 08: The program is less than 7.2 Kwords long. 12: The program is less than 11.2 Kwords long. 16: The program is less than 15.2 Kwords long. Not used. PC Setup Initialized Flag Turns ON when a checksum error occurs in the PC Setup area and all settings are initialized back to the default settings. Program Invalid Flag Turns ON when a checksum error occurs in the UM (user program) area, or when an improper instruction is executed. Instructions Table Initialized Flag Turns ON when a checksum error occurs in the instructions table and all settings are initialized back to the default settings. Memory Cassette Added Flag Turns ON if the Memory Cassette is installed while the power is on. Memory Cassette Transfer Error Flag Turns ON if a transfer cannot be successfully executed when DIP switch pin No. 2 is set to ON (i.e., set to automatically transfer the contents of the Memory Cassette at power-up.) Minutes portion of the present time, in 2 digits BCD (Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details.) Hour portion of the present time, in 2 digits BCD (Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details.) Seconds portion of the present time, in 2 digits BCD (Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details.) Minutes portion of the present time, in 2 digits BCD (Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details.)
01
02
03
04 to 11 12 13 14
15
AR 15
00 to 07
08 to15
AR 16
00 to 10 11
12
13
14 15
AR 17
00 to 07 08 to 15
AR 18
00 to 07 08 to 15
160
AR Area
Word AR 19 Bit(s) 00 to 07 08 to 15 AR 20 00 to 07 08 to 15 AR 21 00 to 07 08 to 12 13 14 15 AR 22 00 to 07 Function
Section
3-6
Hour portion of the present time, in 2 digits BCD (Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details.) Date portion of the present time, in 2 digits BCD (Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details.) Month portion of the present time, in 2 digits BCD (Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details.) Year portion of the present time, in 2 digits BCD (Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details.) Day of week portion of the present time, in 2 digits BCD [00: Sunday to 06: Saturday] (Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details.) Not used. 30-second Adjustment Bit Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details. Clock Stop Bit Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details. Clock Set Bit Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details. Input Words Number of words (2 digits BCD) allocated for input bits (Only a recognized value will be stored. A value of 00 will be stored if an I/O UNIT OVER error has occurred.) Output Words Number of words (2 digits BCD) allocated for output bits (Only a recognized value will be stored. A value of 00 will be stored if an I/O UNIT OVER error has occurred.) Power-off Counter (4 digits BCD) This is the count of the number of times that the power has been turned OFF. To clear the count, write 0000 from a Programming Device. Power-up PC Setup Error Flag Turns ON when there is an error in DM 6600 to DM 6614 (the part of the PC Setup area that is read at power-up). Startup PC Setup Error Flag Turns ON when there is an error in DM 6615 to DM 6644 (the part of the PC Setup area that is read at the beginning of operation). RUN PC Setup Error Flag Turns ON when there is an error in DM 6645 to DM 6655 (the part of the PC Setup area that is always read). CPU Unit Peripheral Port Settings Changing Flag CPU Unit RS-232C Port Settings Changing Flag Long Cycle Time Flag Turns ON if the actual cycle time is longer than the cycle time set in DM 6619. Not used. Code (2 digits hexadecimal) showing the word number of a detected I/O bus error 00 to 15 (BCD): Correspond to input words 000 to 015. 80 to 95 (BCD): Correspond to output words 100 to 115. F0 (hexadecimal): Inner Board mounted in slot 1 cannot be identified. F1 (hexadecimal): Inner Board mounted in slot 2 cannot be identified. FF (hexadecimal): End cover cannot be identified. Not used. FPD() Teaching Bit Not used. Trace Completed Flag Tracing Flag Trace Trigger Bit Sampling Start Bit (Do not overwrite this bit from the program.)
08 to 15
AR 23
00 to 15
AR 24
00
01
02
03 04 05 06, 07 08 to 15
AR 25
00 to 07 08 09 to 11 12 13 14 15
161
AR Area
Word AR 26 Bit(s) 00 to 15 Function
Section
3-6
Maximum Cycle Time (4 digits BCD) The longest cycle time since the beginning of operation is stored. It is cleared at the beginning, and not at the end, of operation. The unit can be any of the following, depending on the setting of the 9F monitoring time (DM 6618). Default: 0.1 ms; 10 ms setting: 0.1 ms; 100 ms setting: 1 ms; 1 s setting: 10 ms Current Cycle Time (4 digits BCD) The most recent cycle time during operation is stored. The Current Cycle Time is not cleared when operation stops. The unit can be any of the following, depending on the setting of the 9F monitoring time (DM 6618). Default: 0.1 ms; 10 ms setting: 0.1 ms; 100 ms setting: 1 ms; 1 s setting: 10 ms
AR 27
00 to 15
3-6-4 Using the Clock

The CQM1H PCs can be equipped with a clock by installing a Memory Cassette with a clock. This section explains how to use the clock. There is an R at the end of the model number of Memory Cassettes with a builtin clock. For example, the CQM1-ME04R Memory Cassette has a built-in clock. The R comes from real-time clock. Note The clock will stop and the current date and time clock data will be lost if the Memory Cassette is removed from the CPU Unit. Words Containing the Date and Time The following illustration shows the configuration of the words (AR 17 through AR 21) that are used with the clock. These words can be read and used as required. (AR 17 is provided so that the hour and minute can be accessed quickly.)
15 AR 17 AR 18 AR 19 AR 20 AR 21 Hour Minute Date Year 8 7 0 2 digits BCD each. (Only the last 2 digits of the year are displayed.) 00 to 06: Sunday to Saturday Minute Second Hour Month Day of week
AR 2115 Clock Set Bit AR 2114 Clock Stop Bit AR 2113 30-Second Adjustment Bit
Setting the Time
To set the time, use a Programming Device as follows: Note The time can be set easily using menu operations from a Programming Device such as a Programming Console. Refer to the CQM1H Operation Manual for the Programming Console procedure. Setting Everything Set the time and date with the following procedure: 1, 2, 3... 1. Turn ON AR 2114 (Clock Stop Bit) to stop the clock and allow AR 18 through AR 21 to be overwritten. 2. Using a Programming Device, set AR 18 through AR 20 (minute/second, date/hour, and year/month) and AR 2100 through AR 2107 (day of week). 3. Turn ON AR 2115 (Clock Set Bit) when the time set in step 2 is reached. The clock will start operating from the time that is set, and the Clock Stop Bit and Clock Set BIt will be turned OFF automatically. Setting Only the Seconds It is also possible, by using AR 2113, to simply set the seconds to 00 without going through a complicated procedure. When AR 2113 is turned ON, the clock time will change as follows:
162
Timer/Counter Area
Section
3-8
If the seconds setting is from 00 to 29, the seconds will be reset to 00 and the minute setting will remain the same. If the seconds setting is from 30 to 59, the seconds will be reset to 00 and the minute setting will advance by one. When the time setting is complete, AR 2113 will turn OFF automatically.
3-7
LR Area
These bits are used to share data in a 1:1 Data Link (between the CQM1H and another PC) or Controller Link Data Link. These two functions cannot use the same LR bits simultaneously. LR bits can be used as work bits when not used for a 1:1 Data Link.
One-to-one Data Link
Two CPU Units can be connected to establish a 1:1 Data Link that shares data in the LR areas of the two PCs. A CQM1H can be linked one-to-one with any of the following PCs: CQM1H, CQM1, C200HX/HG/HE, C200HS, CPM1, CPM1A, CPM2A, CPM2C, or SRM1(-V2). Refer to 1-6-4 One-to-one Link Communications for more details. Note Because the CPM1, CPM1A, CPM2A, and SRM1(-V2) PCs have a smaller LR area, the CQM1Hs link area setting (DM 6645) must be set to LR 00 to LR 15 when connecting 1:1 with one of these PCs.
Controller Link Data Link
A Controller Link Unit can be mounted to establish a Controller Link Data Link using automatic or manual settings. Refer to the Controller Link Units Operation Manual for more details.
3-8
Timer/Counter Area
This area is used to manage timers and counters created with TIM, TIMH(15), CNT, CNTR(12), and TTIM(). The same numbers are used for both timers and counters and each number can be used only once in the user program. Do not use the same TIM/CNT number twice even for different instructions. TIM/CNT numbers are used to create timers and counters, as well as to access Completion Flags and present values (PVs). If a TIM/CNT number is designated for word data, it will access the present value (PV); if it is used for bit data, it access the Completion Flag for the timer/counter. The Completion Flag turns ON when the PV of the timer/counter that is being used goes to 0. Refer to instructions beginning on page 228 for details on timers and counters.
Ensuring TIMH(15) Accuracy TIM/CNT numbers 000 through 015 and interrupt processing should be used for TIMH(15) whenever the cycle time is longer than 10 ms. Using other timer/ counter numbers or not using interrupt processing will lead to inaccuracy in the high-speed timers. Interrupt processing can be set in DM 6629 of the PC Setup. Conditions Resetting TIM and TIMH(15) PVs Conditions Resetting TTIM() PVs The PV will be reset to the SV when program execution begins, the instructions input condition goes OFF, or the interlock condition goes OFF when the instruction is in an interlocked program section (ILILC). The PV will be reset to 0000 when the timers reset input goes ON. The PV will be maintained when program execution begins, the instructions input condition goes OFF, or the interlock condition goes OFF when the instruction is in an interlocked program section (ILILC). The PV will be reset to the SV when the counters reset input goes ON. The PV will be maintained when program execution begins, the instructions input condition goes OFF, or the interlock condition goes OFF when the instruction is in an interlocked program section (ILILC).
Conditions Resetting CNT and CNTR(12) PVs
163
DM Area
Section
3-9
3-9
DM Area
Data is accessed in word units. As shown below, the read/write part of the DM area can be freely read and written from the program. The rest of the DM area is assigned specific functions in advance.
Name Read/write Read-only area (see notes 1 and 2) All CQM1H CPU Units CQM1H-CPU51/61 only Entire read-only area Controller Link DM parameters area Routing table area Serial Communications Board settings Range DM 0000 to DM 3071 DM 3072 to DM 6143 DM 6144 to DM 6568 DM 6400 to DM 6409 DM 6450 to DM 6499 DM 6550 to DM 6559 DM 6569 to DM 6599 DM 6600 to DM 6655
Error log area PC Setup (see note 2)
Note
1. The read-only area ranges from DM 6144 to DM 6568. 2. The read-only area, PC Setup, program, and expansion instruction assignments can be transferred to and from the Memory Cassette as a single block of data. See 3-11 Using Memory Cassettes for details. The read/write area has no particular functions assigned to it and can be used freely. It can be read and written from the program or Programming Devices. The size of the read/write area depends upon the model of CPU Unit, as shown in the following table.
CPU Unit Range Access from instructions Read YES Write YES Access from Programming Devices Read YES Write YES
Read/Write DM Area
CQM1H-CPU11 CQM1H-CPU21 CQM1H-CPU51 CQM1H-CPU61
DM 0000 to DM 3071 DM 0000 to DM 6143
Read-only Area (DM 6144 to DM 6568)
DM addresses from DM 6144 to DM 6568 make up the read-only area. Data in the read-only area can be read from instructions (not overwritten) and it can be read and overwritten from Programming Devices. Use the read-only area to store data that you dont want to be changed from the program. To prevent data from being overwritten by Programming Devices, turn ON pin 1 on the DIP switch on the front of the CPU Unit. When a Controller Link Unit or Serial Communications Board is being used, part of the read-only area is used for the Controller Link parameters/routing table or Serial Communications Board settings, as shown in the following table.
Name Range Access from instructions Read YES Write No Access from Programming Devices Read YES Write YES (See note.)
Controller Link DM parameters area Routing table area Serial Communications Board settings
DM 6400 to DM 6409 DM 6450 to DM 6499 DM 6550 to DM 6559
Note Data cannot be overwritten from Programming Devices when pin 1 on the DIP switch on the front of the CPU Unit is ON.
164
Using Memory Cassettes

Error Log Area (DM 6569 to DM 6599)
Section 3-11
The CPU Unit automatically records the error code and date/time of up to 10 errors (fatal and non-fatal) in the error log area.
Access from instructions Read YES No Write YES Access from Programming Devices Read No Write
PC Setup (DM 6600 to DM 6655)
The PC Setup contains all of the PC Setup settings except for the Serial COmmunications Board settings (stored in DM 6550 to DM 6559). Make the PC Setup settings from a Programming Device.
Access from instructions Read YES No Write YES Access from Programming Devices Read YES Write
3-10 EM Area
The EM area can be used in CQM1H-CPU61 CPU Units only. EM data is accessed in word units. Since only one bank of EM is available, bank specification is not necessary. EM area addresses range from EM 0000 to EM 6143. The area has no particular functions assigned to it and can be used freely. It can be read and written from the program or Programming Devices.
3-11 Using Memory Cassettes

This section provides general information on Memory Cassette specifications and explains how to read, write, and compare information in a Memory Cassette. Refer to the CQM1H Operation Manual for details on installing the Memory Cassette, write-protecting flash-memory or EEPROM Memory Cassettes, replacing EPROM chips, and changing the EPROM version switch settings. An optional Memory Cassette can be used to record the program, read-only DM (DM 6144 to DM 6568), PC Setup (DM 6600 to DM 6655), and expansion instruction assignments. Recording this data on a Memory Cassette prevents the program and vital settings from being changed accidentally. In addition, the settings and the program required for different control processes can be easily changed by simply replacing the Memory Cassette. The program can be written to the CPU Units internal RAM to operate the CQM1H without a Memory Cassette, but the CQM1H can operate even if the CPU Units battery fails when a Memory Cassette is used and its contents are transferred at startup. Clock Function The CQM1H PCs can be equipped with a clock by installing a Memory Cassette with a clock. There is an R at the end of the model number of Memory Cassettes with a built-in clock. See 3-6-4 Using the Clock for more details. Data written to a Memory Cassette by a CQM1H CPU Unit cannot be read by a CQM1 CPU Unit, but data written by a CQM1 CPU Unit can be read by a CQM1H CPU Unit. Data written to a Memory Cassette by a CQM1H-CPU61 can be read by CQM1H-CPU51, CQM1H-CPU21, and CQM1H-CPU11 CPU Units, but the program will not operate properly if EM area addresses have been used.
Compatibility Between Different CPU Units
3-11-1 Memory Cassettes and Contents

Available Memory Cassettes The following Memory Cassettes are available.
165

Memory EEPROM (see note 2) Model CQM1-ME04K CQM1-ME04R CQM1-ME08K CQM1-ME08R CQM1H-ME16K CQM1H-ME16R CQM1-MP08K CQM1-MP08R
Section 3-11
Specifications 4 Kwords without clock 4 Kwords with clock 8 Kwords without clock 8 Kwords with clock 16 Kwords without clock 16 Kwords with clock 8 Kwords, 16 Kwords, or 32 Kwords without clock 8 Kwords, 16 Kwords, or 32 Kwords with clock
Flash (see notes 1 and 2) EPROM (see note 2)
Note
1. Data can be read and written for a EEPROM Memory Cassette with a Programming Device. 2. Data can be read from a EPROM Memory Cassette with a Programming Device, but must be written with a PROM Writer. An EPROM chip with 8 Kwords, 16 Kwords, or 32 Kwords can be installed in the Memory Cassette. 3. The CQM1H-ME16K and CQM1H-ME16R cannot be used in CQM1 PCs. The following EPROM chips (sold separately) are required for EPROM Memory Cassettes.
Model ROM-ID-B ROM-JD-B ROM-KD-B ROM version 27128 or equivalent 27256 or equivalent 27512 or equivalent Capacity 8 Kwords 16 Kwords 32 Kwords Access speed 150 ns 150 ns 150 ns
Refer to the CQM1H Operation Manual for details on replacing EPROM chips and changing the Memory Cassettes EPROM version switch settings. Contents The data stored in a Memory Cassette is mainly the CPU Units read-only DM, PC Setup, and program, as shown in the following table. All of this data is handled as a single unit; the 4 areas cannot be read, written, or compared individually.
Information DM area Read-only area Contents Read-only DM cannot be written from the program. The range is DM 6144 to DM 6568. These words can be used freely. The PC Setup sets the operating parameters of the CQM1H and it stored in DM 6600 to DM 6655. These settings indicate which expansion instructions have been assigned function codes. The entire user program
PC Setup Expansion instruction assignments User program
3-11-2 Memory Cassette Capacity and Program Size

The following table shows the largest program that can be stored in each size Memory Cassette.
Memory Cassette size 4 Kwords 8 Kwords 16 Kwords Max. program size 3.2 Kwords 7.2 Kwords 15.2 Kwords
166
Section 3-11
A non-fatal error will occur and the transfer will not be executed if an attempt is made to store a program that is too large for the Memory Cassette or read a program that is too large for the CPU Unit. Two examples are shown below.
1, 2, 3...
1. When a 4-Kword EEPROM Memory Cassette is installed in a CPU Unit with a 7.2-Kword UM (user program) area, programs up to 3.2 Kwords long can be written to the Memory Cassette. A non-fatal error will occur if an attempt is made to write a program larger than 3.2 Kwords to the Memory Cassette.
UM area (7.2 Kwords) Program larger than 3.2 Kwords Memory Cassette (4 Kwords)
2. When a 8-Kword or larger Memory Cassette is installed in a CPU Unit with a 3.2-Kword UM (user program) area, programs up to 3.2 KW long can be read from the Memory Cassette. A non-fatal error will occur if an attempt is made to read a program larger than 3.2 Kwords from the Memory Cassette.
UM area (3.2 Kwords) Memory Cassette (8 Kwords)
Program larger than 3.2 Kwords
Note The two transfers shown above would be completed normally if the program were 3.2 Kwords or smaller. The approximate sizes of the programs in the UM (user program) area and Memory Cassette can be determined by the content of AR 15, as shown in the following table.
Location Bits Content Meaning Memory AR 1500 00 No Memory Cassette is installed or no program is Cassette to saved in the Memory Cassette. AR 1507 04 The program is less than 3.2 Kwords long and can be read from any CQM1H CPU Unit. 08 The program is less than 7.2 Kwords long and can be read from CQM1H-CPU51/61 CPU Units only. 12 The program is less than 11.2 Kwords long and can be read from CQM1H-CPU61 CPU Units only. 16 The program is less than 15.2 Kwords long and can be read from CQM1H-CPU61 CPU Units only. UM area AR 1508 04 The program is less than 3.2 Kwords long and can to be written to any flash-memory or EEPROM AR 1515 Memory Cassette. 08 The program is less than 7.2 Kwords long and can be written to an 8-Kword or 16-Kword flashmemory or EEPROM Memory Cassette. The program is less than 11.2 Kwords long and can be written to a 16-Kword flash-memory Memory Cassette only. The program is less than 15.2 Kwords long and can be written to a 16-Kword flash-memory Memory Cassette only.
12
16
In CQM1H-CPU11/21 CPU Units, the content of AR 1508 to AR 1515 is normally 04. The content of AR 1500 to AR 1507 is normally 04 when a 4-Kword Memory Cassette is installed.
167
Section 3-11
The size of the program indicated in AR 15 does not include the NOP(00) instructions after END(01), but will include any instructions other than NOP(00). Be sure to clear any unneeded instructions after END(01) to get an accurate measurement of the programs size.
3-11-3 Writing to the Memory Cassette

This section explains how to write the CPU Units data to a Flash-memory or EEPROM Memory Cassette. Note A PROM Writer and Support Software are needed to write data to an EPROM Memory Cassette. Refer to the Support Softwares Operation Manual for details. Procedure 1, 2, 3... Follow the procedure outlined below to write to a Flash-memory or EEPROM Memory Cassette. 1. Check to see that the write-protect switch on the Memory Cassette is OFF (i.e., writing enabled). The Memory Cassette Write-protected Flag (AR 1302) will be OFF if writing is enabled. If the switch is ON (i.e., writing not enabled), then turn the CQM1H power supply OFF and remove the Memory Cassette before changing the switch. 2. Check to see that the CQM1H is in PROGRAM mode. If it is in either RUN or MONITOR mode, use a Programming Device to change the mode. 3. Turn ON AR 1400 from a Programming Device. The information will be written from the CQM1H to the Memory Cassette. When the operation is completed, AR 1400 will be turned OFF automatically. Data cannot be written to the Memory Cassette if a memory error has occurred.
! Caution
Note If an error occurs while data is being transmitted, a non-fatal error (FAL 9D) will be generated and the appropriate AR bit (from AR 1412 to AR 1415) will turn ON/OFF. If this occurs, refer to Section 8 Troubleshooting and make the necessary corrections.
3-11-4 Reading from the Memory Cassette

There are two ways to read from the Memory Cassette. The Memory Cassette to CPU Unit Transfer Bit (AR 1401) can be turned ON from a Programming Device or pin 2 of the CPU Units DIP switch can be turned ON to automatically read data from the Memory Cassette at startup. If the program on the Memory Cassette has expansion instructions with function codes different from the default settings, make sure that pin 4 of the CPU Units DIP switch is ON (indicating user-allocated function codes). The contents of the Memory Cassette cannot be read from the program. Reading from the Memory Cassette can be executed regardless of the type of Memory Cassette. If an error occurs while data is being transmitted, a non-fatal error (FAL 9D) will be generated and the appropriate AR bit (from AR 1412 to AR 1415 will turn ON/ OFF. (If this occurs, refer to the Troubleshooting section and make the necessary correction.) Programming Device Procedure 1, 2, 3... To use a Programming Device to read from the Memory Cassette, follow the procedure outlined below. 1. Check to see that the CQM1H is in PROGRAM mode. If it is in either RUN or MONITOR mode, use the Programming Device to change the mode. 2. Use the Programming Device to turn ON AR 1401. The information will be read from the Memory Cassette to the CQM1H and AR 1401 will be turned OFF automatically when the read operation is completed.
168

Automatic Transfer at Startup
Section 3-11
If pin 2 of the CPU Units DIP switch is ON, data will automatically be read from the Memory Cassette when the power supply is turned ON to the CQM1H. A memory error will occur and operation wont be possible if an error occurs during transfer of data between the Memory Cassette and CQM1H memory. Be absolutely sure that the power is turned OFF before changing CQM1H DIP switch settings.
! Caution
3-11-5 Comparing Memory Cassette Contents

The contents of the Memory Cassette can be compared to the contents of the CQM1Hs memory to check to see if they are the same. This comparison can be performed for any type of Memory Cassette. Procedure 1, 2, 3... Use the following procedure. 1. Check to see that the CQM1H is in PROGRAM mode. If it is in either RUN or MONITOR mode, use the Programming Device to change to PROGRAM mode. 2. Turn ON AR 1402 from the Programming Device. The contents of the Memory Cassette will be compared to the contents of CQM1H memory and AR 1402 will be turned OFF automatically when the comparison is completed. 3. Check the status of AR 1403 to see the results of the comparison. AR 1403 will be ON if the contents were not the same or if the comparison was not possible because the CQM1H was not in PROGRAM mode. If AR 1403 is OFF, the comparison was successful and the contents were the same. AR 1403 cannot be controlled from the program or from a Programming Device. It is controlled by the results of comparison only. If a comparison is attempted with the CQM1H in any mode but PROGRAM mode, a non-fatal error will occur (FAL 9D) and AR 1412 will turn ON. Although AR 1403 will also turn ON, no comparison will have been performed. AR 1403 will also turn ON if a comparison is attempted without a Memory Cassette mounted in the CQM1H.
169
SECTION 4 Ladder-diagram Programming

This section explains the basic steps and concepts involved in writing a basic ladder diagram program. It introduces the instructions that are used to build the basic structure of the ladder diagram and control its execution. The entire set of instructions used in programming is described in Section 5 Instruction Set.
4-1 4-2 4-3
4-4
4-5 4-6 4-7 4-8
Basic Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Instruction Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic Ladder Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-1 Basic Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-2 Mnemonic Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-3 Ladder Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-4 OUTPUT and OUTPUT NOT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-5 The END Instruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-6 Logic Block Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-7 Coding Multiple Right-hand Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-8 Branching Instruction Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3-9 Jumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Controlling Bit Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4-1 SET and RESET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4-2 DIFFERENTIATE UP and DIFFERENTIATE DOWN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4-3 KEEP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4-4 Self-maintaining Bits (Seal) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Work Bits (Internal Relays) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programming Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Program Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indirectly Addressing the DM and EM Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
172 172 173 173 174 175 178 179 179 188 188 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 197 199 199
171
Instruction Terminology
Section
4-2
4-1
Basic Procedure
There are several basic steps involved in writing a program. Sheets that can be copied to aid in programming are provided in Appendix E I/O Assignment Sheet and Appendix F Program Coding Sheet. 1, 2, 3... 1. 2. 3. 4. Obtain a list of all I/O devices and the I/O points that have been assigned to them and prepare a table that shows the I/O bit allocated to each I/O device. If you are using LR bits to link two PCs, prepare sheet showing the usage of these bits. Determine what words are available for work bits and prepare a table in which you can allocate these as you use them. Also prepare tables of TC numbers and jump numbers so that you can allocate these as you use them. Remember, the function of a TC number can be defined only once within the program; jump numbers 01 through 99 can be used only once each. (TC number are described in 5-16 Timer and Counter Instructions; jump numbers are described later in this section.) Draw the ladder diagram. Input the program into the CPU Unit. When using the Programming Console, this will involve converting the program to mnemonic form. Check the program for syntax errors and correct these. Execute the program to check for execution errors and correct these. After the entire Control System has been installed and is ready for use, execute the program and fine tune it if required.
5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
The basics of ladder-diagram programming and conversion to mnemonic code are described in 4-3 Basic Ladder Diagrams. Preparing for and inputting the program via the Programming Console are described in the CQM1H Operation Manual and via the CX-Programmer in the CX-Programmer User Manual. The rest of Section 4 covers more advanced programming, programming precautions, and program execution. All special application instructions are covered in Section 5 Instruction Set. Debugging is described in the CQM1H Operation Manual and CX-Programmer User Manual. Section 8 Troubleshooting also provides information required for debugging.
4-2
Instruction Terminology
There are basically two types of instructions used in ladder-diagram programming: 1) instructions that correspond to the conditions on the ladder diagram and are used in instruction form only when converting a program to mnemonic code and 2) instructions that are used on the right side of the ladder diagram and are executed according to the conditions on the instruction lines leading to them. Most instructions have at least one or more operands associated with them. Operands indicate or provide the data on which an instruction is to be performed. These are sometimes input as the actual numeric values, but are usually the addresses of data area words or bits that contain the data to be used. For instance, a MOVE instruction that has IR 000 designated as the source operand will move the contents of IR 000 to some other location. The other location is also designated as an operand. A bit whose address is designated as an operand is called an operand bit; a word whose address is designated as an operand is called an operand word. If the actual value is entered as a constant, it is preceded by # to indicate that it is not an address. Other terms used in describing instructions are introduced in Section 5 Instruction Set.
172
Basic Ladder Diagrams
Section
4-3
4-3

A ladder diagram consists of one line running down the left side with lines branching off to the right. The line on the left is called the bus bar. The branching lines are called instruction lines or rungs. Along the instruction lines are placed conditions that lead to other instructions on the right side. The logical combinations of these conditions determine when and how the instructions at the right are executed. A ladder diagram is shown below.
00000 06315 25208 HR 0109 LR 2503 24400 24401 Instruction 00001 00501 00502 00503 00504
00100 00002
00003 HR 0050
00007 TIM 001 LR 0515
00403
00405 Instruction
00010
21001
21002
00011
21005
21007
As shown in the diagram above, instruction lines can branch apart and they can join back together. The vertical pairs of lines are called conditions. Conditions without diagonal lines through them are called normally open conditions and correspond to a LOAD, AND, or OR instruction. The conditions with diagonal lines through them are called normally closed conditions and correspond to a LOAD NOT, AND NOT, or OR NOT instruction. The number above each condition indicates the operand bit for the instruction. It is the status of the bit associated with each condition that determines the execution condition for following instructions. The way the operation of each of the instructions corresponds to a condition is described below. Before we consider these, however, there are some basic terms that must be explained. Note When displaying ladder diagrams with the CX-Programmer, a second bus bar will be shown on the right side of the ladder diagram and will be connected to all instructions on the right side. This does not change the ladder-diagram program in any functional sense. No conditions can be placed between the instructions on the right side and the right bus bar, i.e., all instructions on the right must be connected directly to the right bus bar. Refer to the CX-Programmer User Manual for details.
4-3-1
Basic Terms
Each condition in a ladder diagram is either ON or OFF depending on the status of the operand bit that has been assigned to it. A normally open condition is ON if the operand bit is ON; OFF if the operand bit is OFF. A normally closed condition is ON if the operand bit is OFF; OFF if the operand bit is ON. Generally speaking, you use a normally open condition when you want something to happen when a bit is ON, and a normally closed condition when you want something to happen when a bit is OFF.
00000 Instruction
Normally Open and Normally Closed Conditions
Normally open condition

00000 Instruction
Instruction is executed when IR bit 00000 is ON. Instruction is executed when IR bit 00000 is OFF.
Normally closed condition
173

Execution Conditions
Section
4-3
In ladder diagram programming, the logical combination of ON and OFF conditions before an instruction determines the compound condition under which the instruction is executed. This condition, which is either ON or OFF, is called the execution condition for the instruction. All instructions other than LOAD instructions have execution conditions.
Operand Bits
The operands designated for any of the ladder instructions can be any bit in the IR, SR, HR, AR, LR, or TC areas. This means that the conditions in a ladder diagram can be determined by I/O bits, flags, work bits, timers/counters, etc. LOAD and OUTPUT instructions can also use TR area bits, but they do so only in special applications. Refer to 4-3-8 Branching Instruction Lines for details.
Logic Blocks
The way that conditions correspond to what instructions is determined by the relationship between the conditions within the instruction lines that connect them. Any group of conditions that go together to create a logic result is called a logic block. Although ladder diagrams can be written without actually analyzing individual logic blocks, understanding logic blocks is necessary for efficient programming and is essential when programs are to be input in mnemonic code.
Instruction Block
An instruction block consists of all the instructions that are interconnected across the ladder diagram. One instruction block thus consists of all the instructions between where you can draw a horizontal line across the ladder diagram without intersecting any vertical lines and the next place where you can draw the same type of horizontal line.
4-3-2
Mnemonic Code
The ladder diagram cannot be directly input into the PC via a Programming Console; the CX-Programmer is required. To input from a Programming Console, it is necessary to convert the ladder diagram to mnemonic code. The mnemonic code provides exactly the same information as the ladder diagram, but in a form that can be typed directly into the PC. Actually you can program directly in mnemonic code, although it is not recommended for beginners or for complex programs. Also, regardless of the Programming Device used, the program is stored in memory in mnemonic form, making it important to understand mnemonic code. Because of the importance of the Programming Console as a peripheral device and because of the importance of mnemonic code in complete understanding of a program, we will introduce and describe the mnemonic code along with the ladder diagram. Remember, you will not need to use the mnemonic code if you are inputting via the CX-Programmer (although you can use it with the CX-Programmer if you prefer).
Program Memory Structure
The program is input into addresses in Program Memory. Addresses in Program Memory are slightly different to those in other memory areas because each address does not necessarily hold the same amount of data. Rather, each address holds one instruction and all of the definers and operands (described in more detail later) required for that instruction. Because some instructions require no operands, while others require up to three operands, Program Memory addresses can be from one to four words long.
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Program Memory addresses start at 00000 and run until the capacity of Program Memory has been exhausted. The first word at each address defines the instruction. Any definers used by the instruction are also contained in the first word. Also, if an instruction requires only a single bit operand (with no definer), the bit operand is also programmed on the same line as the instruction. The rest of the words required by an instruction contain the operands that specify what data is to be used. When converting to mnemonic code, all but ladder diagram instructions are written in the same form, one word to a line, just as they appear in the ladder diagram symbols. An example of mnemonic code is shown below. The instructions used in it are described later in the manual.
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006
Instruction LD AND OR LD NOT AND AND LD MOV(21)
Operands HR 0001 00001 00002 00100 00101
DM 00007 CMP(20) DM HR 00008 00009 00010 AND OUT MOV(21) DM DM 00011 00012 00013 LD AND OUT
000 0000 0000 00 25505 10000 0000 0500 00502 00005 10003
The address and instruction columns of the mnemonic code table are filled in for the instruction word only. For all other lines, the left two columns are left blank. If the instruction requires no definer or bit operand, the operand column is left blank for first line. It is a good idea to cross through any blank data column spaces (for all instruction words that do not require data) so that the data column can be quickly scanned to see if any addresses have been left out. When programming, addresses are automatically displayed and do not have to be input unless for some reason a different location is desired for the instruction. When converting to mnemonic code, it is best to start at Program Memory address 00000 unless there is a specific reason for starting elsewhere.
4-3-3
Ladder Instructions
The ladder instructions are those instructions that correspond to the conditions on the ladder diagram. Ladder instructions, either independently or in combination with the logic block instructions described next, form the execution conditions upon which the execution of all other instructions are based.
175

LOAD and LOAD NOT
Section
4-3
The first condition that starts any logic block within a ladder diagram corresponds to a LOAD or LOAD NOT instruction. Each of these instruction requires one line of mnemonic code. Instruction is used as a dummy instruction in the following examples and could be any of the right-hand instructions described later in this manual.
00000
A LOAD instruction.
00000
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003
Instruction LD Instruction LD NOT Instruction
Operands 00000 00000
A LOAD NOT instruction.
When this is the only condition on the instruction line, the execution condition for the instruction at the right is ON when the condition is ON. For the LOAD instruction (i.e., a normally open condition), the execution condition would be ON when IR 00000 was ON; for the LOAD NOT instruction (i.e., a normally closed condition), it would be ON when 00000 was OFF.
AND and AND NOT
When two or more conditions lie in series on the same instruction line, the first one corresponds to a LOAD or LOAD NOT instruction; and the rest of the conditions, to AND or AND NOT instructions. The following example shows three conditions which correspond in order from the left to a LOAD, an AND NOT, and an AND instruction. Again, each of these instructions requires one line of mnemonic code.
00000
00100
LR 0000 Instruction
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003
Instruction LD AND NOT AND Instruction
Operands 00000 00100 0000
LR
The instruction would have an ON execution condition only when all three conditions are ON, i.e., when IR 00000 was ON, IR 00100 was OFF, and LR 0000 was ON. AND instructions in series can be considered individually, with each taking the logical AND of the execution condition (i.e., the total of all conditions up to that point) and the status of the AND instructions operand bit. If both of these are ON, an ON execution condition will be produced for the next instruction. If either is OFF, the result will also be OFF. The execution condition for the first AND instruction in a series is the first condition on the instruction line. Each AND NOT instruction in a series would take the logical AND between its execution condition and the inverse of its operand bit.
176

OR and OR NOT
Section
4-3
When two or more conditions lie on separate instruction lines running in parallel and then joining together, the first condition corresponds to a LOAD or LOAD NOT instruction; the rest of the conditions correspond to OR or OR NOT instructions. The following example shows three conditions which correspond in order from the top to a LOAD NOT, an OR NOT, and an OR instruction. Again, each of these instructions requires one line of mnemonic code.
00000 Instruction 00100
LR 0000
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003
Instruction LD NOT OR NOT OR Instruction
Operands 00000 00100 0000
LR
The instruction would have an ON execution condition when any one of the three conditions was ON, i.e., when IR 00000 was OFF, when IR 00100 was OFF, or when LR 0000 was ON. OR and OR NOT instructions can be considered individually, each taking the logical OR between its execution condition and the status of the OR instructions operand bit. If either one of these were ON, an ON execution condition would be produced for the next instruction. Combining AND and OR Instructions When AND and OR instructions are combined in more complicated diagrams, they can sometimes be considered individually, with each instruction performing a logic operation on the execution condition and the status of the operand bit. The following is one example. Study this example until you are convinced that the mnemonic code follows the same logic flow as the ladder diagram.
00000 00001 00002 00003 Instruction 00200
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005
Instruction LD AND OR AND AND NOT Instruction
Operands 00000 00001 00200 00002 00003
Here, an AND is taken between the status of IR 00000 and that of IR 00001 to determine the execution condition for an OR with the status of IR 00200. The result of this operation determines the execution condition for an AND with the status of IR 00002, which in turn determines the execution condition for an AND with the inverse (i.e., and AND NOT) of the status of IR 00003.
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In more complicated diagrams, however, it is necessary to consider logic blocks before an execution condition can be determined for the final instruction, and thats where AND LOAD and OR LOAD instructions are used. Before we consider more complicated diagrams, however, well look at the instructions required to complete a simple input-output program.
4-3-4
OUTPUT and OUTPUT NOT

The simplest way to output the results of combining execution conditions is to output it directly with the OUTPUT and OUTPUT NOT. These instructions are used to control the status of the designated operand bit according to the execution condition. With the OUTPUT instruction, the operand bit will be turned ON as long as the execution condition is ON and will be turned OFF as long as the execution condition is OFF. With the OUTPUT NOT instruction, the operand bit will be turned ON as long as the execution condition is OFF and turned OFF as long as the execution condition is ON. These appear as shown below. In mnemonic code, each of these instructions requires one line.
00000 10000
Address 00000 00001 Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD OUT Instruction LD OUT NOT
Operands 00000 10000 Operands 00001 10001
00001 10001
In the above examples, IR 10000 will be ON as long as IR 00000 is ON and IR 10001 will be OFF as long as IR 00001 is ON. Here, IR 00000 and IR 00001 would be input bits and IR 10000 and IR 10001 output bits assigned to the Units controlled by the PC, i.e., the signals coming in through the input points assigned IR 00000 and IR 00001 are controlling the output points assigned IR 10000 and IR 10001, respectively. The length of time that a bit is ON or OFF can be controlled by combining the OUTPUT or OUTPUT NOT instruction with Timer instructions. Refer to Examples under 5-16-1 Timer TIM for details.
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4-3-5
The END Instruction

The last instruction required to complete a simple program is the END instruction. When the CPU Unit scans the program, it executes all instructions up to the first END instruction before returning to the beginning of the program and beginning execution again. Although an END instruction can be placed at any point in a program, which is sometimes done when debugging, no instructions past the first END instruction will be executed until it is removed. The number following the END instruction in the mnemonic code is its function code, which is used when inputting most instruction into the PC. These are described later. The END instruction requires no operands and no conditions can be placed on the same instruction line with it.
00000 00001 Instruction
END(01)
Program execution ends here.
Address 00500 00501 00502 00503
Instruction LD AND NOT Instruction END(01)
Operands 00000 00001 ---
If there is no END instruction anywhere in the program, the program will not be executed at all. Now you have all of the instructions required to write simple input-output programs. Before we finish with ladder diagram basic and go onto inputting the program into the PC, lets look at logic block instruction (AND LOAD and OR LOAD), which are sometimes necessary even with simple diagrams.
4-3-6
Logic Block Instructions

Logic block instructions do not correspond to specific conditions on the ladder diagram; rather, they describe relationships between logic blocks. The AND LOAD instruction logically ANDs the execution conditions produced by two logic blocks. The OR LOAD instruction logically ORs the execution conditions produced by two logic blocks.
AND LOAD
Although simple in appearance, the diagram below requires an AND LOAD instruction.
00000 00002 Instruction 00001 00003
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004
Instruction LD OR LD OR NOT AND LD
Operands 00000 00001 00002 00003 ---
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Section
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The two logic blocks are indicated by dotted lines. Studying this example shows that an ON execution condition will be produced when: either of the conditions in the left logic block is ON (i.e., when either IR 00000 or IR 00001 is ON), and when either of the conditions in the right logic block is ON (i.e., when either IR 00002 is ON or IR 00003 is OFF). The above ladder diagram cannot, however, be converted to mnemonic code using AND and OR instructions alone. If an AND between IR 00002 and the results of an OR between IR 00000 and IR 00001 is attempted, the OR NOT between IR 00002 and IR 00003 is lost and the OR NOT ends up being an OR NOT between just IR 00003 and the result of an AND between IR 00002 and the first OR. What we need is a way to do the OR (NOT)s independently and then combine the results. To do this, we can use the LOAD or LOAD NOT instruction in the middle of an instruction line. When LOAD or LOAD NOT is executed in this way, the current execution condition is saved in special buffers and the logic process is repeated from the beginning. To combine the results of the current execution condition with that of a previous unused execution condition, an AND LOAD or an OR LOAD instruction is used. Here LOAD refers to loading the last unused execution condition. An unused execution condition is produced by using the LOAD or LOAD NOT instruction for any but the first condition on an instruction line. Analyzing the above ladder diagram in terms of mnemonic instructions, the condition for IR 00000 is a LOAD instruction and the condition below it is an OR instruction between the status of IR 00000 and that of IR 00001. The condition at IR 00002 is another LOAD instruction and the condition below is an OR NOT instruction, i.e., an OR between the status of IR 00002 and the inverse of the status of IR 00003. To arrive at the execution condition for the instruction at the right, the logical AND of the execution conditions resulting from these two blocks would have to be taken. AND LOAD does this. The mnemonic code for the ladder diagram is shown below. The AND LOAD instruction requires no operands of its own, because it operates on previously determined execution conditions. Here too, dashes are used to indicate that no operands needs designated or input. OR LOAD The following diagram requires an OR LOAD instruction between the top logic block and the bottom logic block. An ON execution condition would be produced for the instruction at the right either when IR 00000 is ON and IR 00001 is OFF or when IR 00002 and IR 00003 are both ON. The operation of and mnemonic code for the OR LOAD instruction are exactly the same as those for a AND LOAD instruction except that the current execution condition is ORed with the last unused execution condition.
00000 00001 Instruction 00002 00003
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004
Instruction LD AND NOT LD AND OR LD
Operands 00000 00001 00002 00003 ---
Naturally, some diagrams will require both AND LOAD and OR LOAD instructions.
180

Logic Block Instructions in Series
Section
4-3
To code diagrams with logic block instructions in series, the diagram must be divided into logic blocks. Each block is coded using a LOAD instruction to code the first condition, and then AND LOAD or OR LOAD is used to logically combine the blocks. With both AND LOAD and OR LOAD there are two ways to achieve this. One is to code the logic block instruction after the first two blocks and then after each additional block. The other is to code all of the blocks to be combined, starting each block with LOAD or LOAD NOT, and then to code the logic block instructions which combine them. In this case, the instructions for the last pair of blocks should be combined first, and then each preceding block should be combined, working progressively back to the first block. Although either of these methods will produce exactly the same result, the second method, that of coding all logic block instructions together, can be used only if eight or fewer blocks are being combined, i.e., if seven or fewer logic block instructions are required. The following diagram requires AND LOAD to be converted to mnemonic code because three pairs of parallel conditions lie in series. The two means of coding the programs are also shown.
00000
00002
00004 10000
00001
00003
00005
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008
Instruction LD OR NOT LD NOT OR AND LD LD OR AND LD OUT
Operands 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 10000
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008
Instruction LD OR NOT LD NOT OR LD OR AND LD AND LD OUT
Operands 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 10000
Again, with the method on the right, a maximum of eight blocks can be combined. There is no limit to the number of blocks that can be combined with the first method. The following diagram requires OR LOAD instructions to be converted to mnemonic code because three pairs of conditions in series lie in parallel to each other.
00000 00001 10001
00002 00003
00004 00005
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The first of each pair of conditions is converted to LOAD with the assigned bit operand and then ANDed with the other condition. The first two blocks can be coded first, followed by OR LOAD, the last block, and another OR LOAD, or the three blocks can be coded first followed by two OR LOADs. The mnemonic code for both methods is shown below.
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 Instruction LD AND NOT LD NOT AND NOT OR LD LD AND OR LD OUT Operands 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 10001 Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 Instruction LD AND NOT LD NOT AND NOT LD AND OR LD OR LD OUT Operands 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 10001
Again, with the method on the right, a maximum of eight blocks can be combined. There is no limit to the number of blocks that can be combined with the first method. Combining AND LOAD and OR LOAD Both of the coding methods described above can also be used when using AND LOAD and OR LOAD, as long as the number of blocks being combined does not exceed eight. The following diagram contains only two logic blocks as shown. It is not necessary to further separate block b components, because it can be coded directly using only AND and OR.
00000 00001 00002 00003 10001
00201
00004
Block a
Block b
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007
Instruction LD AND NOT LD AND OR OR AND LD OUT
Operands 00000 00001 00002 00003 00201 00004 10001
Although the following diagram is similar to the one above, block b in the diagram below cannot be coded without separating it into two blocks combined with OR LOAD. In this example, the three blocks have been coded first and then OR LOAD has been used to combine the last two blocks followed by AND LOAD to combine the execution condition produced by the OR LOAD with the execution condition of block a.
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When coding the logic block instructions together at the end of the logic blocks they are combining, they must, as shown below, be coded in reverse order, i.e., the logic block instruction for the last two blocks is coded first, followed by the one to combine the execution condition resulting from the first logic block instruction and the execution condition of the logic block third from the end, and on back to the first logic block that is being combined.
Block b1 00000 00001 00002 00003 10002
00004 00202
Block b2
Block a
Block b
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008
Instruction LD NOT AND LD AND NOT LD NOT AND OR LD AND LD OUT
Operands 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00202 10002
Complicated Diagrams
When determining what logic block instructions will be required to code a diagram, it is sometimes necessary to break the diagram into large blocks and then continue breaking the large blocks down until logic blocks that can be coded without logic block instructions have been formed. These blocks are then coded, combining the small blocks first, and then combining the larger blocks. Either AND LOAD or OR LOAD is used to combine the blocks, i.e., AND LOAD or OR LOAD always combines the last two execution conditions that existed, regardless of whether the execution conditions resulted from a single condition, from logic blocks, or from previous logic block instructions. When working with complicated diagrams, blocks will ultimately be coded starting at the top left and moving down before moving across. This will generally mean that, when there might be a choice, OR LOAD will be coded before AND LOAD.
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The following diagram must be broken down into two blocks and each of these then broken into two blocks before it can be coded. As shown below, blocks a and b require an AND LOAD. Before AND LOAD can be used, however, OR LOAD must be used to combine the top and bottom blocks on both sides, i.e., to combine a1 and a2; b1 and b2.
Block a1 00000 00001
Block b1 00004 00005 10003
00002 00003
00006 00007
Block a2
Block b2
Block a
Block b
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009 00010 00011
Instruction LD AND NOT LD NOT AND OR LD LD AND LD AND OR LD AND LD OUT
Operands 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 10003
Blocks a1 and a2
Blocks b1 and b2 Blocks a and b
The following type of diagram can be coded easily if each block is coded in order: first top to bottom and then left to right. In the following diagram, blocks a and b would be combined using AND LOAD as shown above, and then block c would be coded and a second AND LOAD would be used to combine it with the execution condition from the first AND LOAD. Then block d would be coded, a third AND LOAD would be used to combine the execution condition from block d with the execution condition from the second AND LOAD, and so on through to block n.
10000
Block a
Block b
Block c
Block n
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Section
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The following diagram requires an OR LOAD followed by an AND LOAD to code the top of the three blocks, and then two more OR LOADs to complete the mnemonic code.
00000 00001 LR 0000 00002 00003
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009 00010 00011 00012
Instruction LD LD LD AND NOT OR LD AND LD LD NOT AND OR LD LD NOT AND OR LD OUT
Operands 00000 00001 00002 00003 --00004 00005 -00006 00007 -0000
00004
00005
00006
00007
LR
Although the program will execute as written, this diagram could be drawn as shown below to eliminate the need for the first OR LOAD and the AND LOAD, simplifying the program and saving memory space.
00002 00003 00000 LR 0000 00001
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009 00010
Instruction LD AND NOT OR AND LD NOT AND OR LD LD NOT AND OR LD OUT
Operands 00002 00003 00001 00000 00004 00005 -00006 00007 -0000
00004
00005
00006
00007
LR
The following diagram requires five blocks, which here are coded in order before using OR LOAD and AND LOAD to combine them starting from the last two blocks and working backward. The OR LOAD at program address 00008 combines blocks d and e, the following AND LOAD combines the resulting execution condition with that of block c, etc.
00000 00001 00002 LR 0000 Block b Block a Block c 00003 00004 Block d 00005
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009 00010 00011 00012
Instruction LD LD AND LD AND LD LD AND OR LD AND LD OR LD AND LD OUT
Operands 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 ----0000
00006
00007 Blocks d and e
Block e
Block c with result of above Block b with result of above Block a with result of above
LR
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Again, this diagram can be redrawn as follows to simplify program structure and coding and to save memory space.
00006 00007 00003 00004 00000 LR 0000 00005
00001
00002
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009
Instruction LD AND OR AND AND LD AND OR LD AND OUT
Operands 00006 00007 00005 00003 00004 00001 00002 -00000 0000
LR
The next and final example may at first appear very complicated but can be coded using only two logic block instructions. The diagram appears as follows:
Block a 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 10000 01000 01001 00006
10000 Block b Block c
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The first logic block instruction is used to combine the execution conditions resulting from blocks a and b, and the second one is to combine the execution condition of block c with the execution condition resulting from the normally closed condition assigned IR 00003. The rest of the diagram can be coded with OR, AND, and AND NOT instructions. The logical flow for this and the resulting code are shown below.
Block a 00000 00001 Block b 01000 01001
LD AND
00000 00001
LD AND
01000 01001
OR LD
Block c 10000 00004 00005
OR
10000
LD AND 00006
00004 00005
00002
00003
AND 00002 AND NOT 00003
OR
00006
AND LD
10000
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009 00010 00011 00012
Instruction LD AND LD AND OR LD OR AND AND NOT LD AND OR AND LD OUT
Operands 00000 00001 01000 01001 -10000 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 -10000
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Section
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4-3-7
Coding Multiple Right-hand Instructions

If there is more than one right-hand instruction executed with the same execution condition, they are coded consecutively following the last condition on the instruction line. In the following example, the last instruction line contains one more condition that corresponds to an AND with IR 00004.
00000
00003 HR 0001
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008
Instruction LD OR OR OR AND OUT OUT AND OUT
Operands 00000 00001 00002 0000 00003 0001 10000 00004 10006
00001 10000 00002 00004 10006
HR HR
HR 0000
4-3-8
Branching Instruction Lines

When an instruction line branches into two or more lines, it is sometimes necessary to use either interlocks or TR bits to maintain the execution condition that existed at a branching point. This is because instruction lines are executed across to a right-hand instruction before returning to the branching point to execute instructions on a branch line. If a condition exists on any of the instruction lines after the branching point, the execution condition could change during this time making proper execution impossible. The following diagrams illustrate this. In both diagrams, instruction 1 is executed before returning to the branching point and moving on to the branch line leading to instruction 2.
00000
Branching point
Instruction 1 00002 Instruction 2
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003
Instruction LD Instruction 1 AND Instruction 2
Diagram A: Correct Operation

00000
Branching point
00001 Instruction 1 00002 Instruction 2
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004
Instruction LD AND Instruction 1 AND Instruction 2
Operands 00000 00001 00002
Diagram B: Incorrect Operation
If, as shown in diagram A, the execution condition that existed at the branching point cannot be changed before returning to the branch line (instructions at the far right do not change the execution condition), then the branch line will be executed correctly and no special programming measure is required. If, as shown in diagram B, a condition exists between the branching point and the last instruction on the top instruction line, the execution condition at the branching point and the execution condition after completing the top instruction line will sometimes be different, making it impossible to ensure correct execution of the branch line. There are two means of programming branching programs to preserve the execution condition. One is to use TR bits; the other, to use interlocks (IL(02)/IL(03)).
188

TR Bits
Section
4-3
The TR area provides eight bits, TR 0 through TR 7, that can be used to temporarily preserve execution conditions. If a TR bit is placed at a branching point, the current execution condition will be stored at the designated TR bit. When returning to the branching point, the TR bit restores the execution status that was saved when the branching point was first reached in program execution. The previous diagram B can be written as shown below to ensure correct execution. In mnemonic code, the execution condition is stored at the branching point using the TR bit as the operand of the OUTPUT instruction. This execution condition is then restored after executing the right-hand instruction by using the same TR bit as the operand of a LOAD instruction
TR 0 00000 00001 Instruction 1 00002 Instruction 2
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006
Instruction LD OUT AND Instruction 1 LD AND Instruction 2
Operands TR 00000 0 00001 0 00002
Diagram B: Corrected Using a TR bit
TR
In terms of actual instructions the above diagram would be as follows: The status of IR 00000 is loaded (a LOAD instruction) to establish the initial execution condition. This execution condition is then output using an OUTPUT instruction to TR 0 to store the execution condition at the branching point. The execution condition is then ANDed with the status of IR 00001 and instruction 1 is executed accordingly. The execution condition that was stored at the branching point is then re-loaded (a LOAD instruction with TR 0 as the operand), this is ANDed with the status of IR 00002, and instruction 2 is executed accordingly. The following example shows an application using two TR bits.
TR 0 00000 00001
TR 1 00002 Instruction 1 00003 Instruction 2 00004 Instruction 3 00005 Instruction 4
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009 00010 00011 00012 00013 00014
Instruction LD OUT AND OUT AND Instruction 1 LD AND Instruction 2 LD AND Instruction 3 LD AND NOT Instruction 4
Operands TR TR 00000 0 00001 1 00002 1 00003 0 00004 0 00005
TR
TR
TR
In this example, TR 0 and TR 1 are used to store the execution conditions at the branching points. After executing instruction 1, the execution condition stored in TR 1 is loaded for an AND with the status IR 00003. The execution condition stored in TR 0 is loaded twice, the first time for an AND with the status of IR 00004 and the second time for an AND with the inverse of the status of IR 00005.
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Section
4-3
TR bits can be used as many times as required as long as the same TR bit is not used more than once in the same instruction block. Here, a new instruction block is begun each time execution returns to the bus bar. If, in a single instruction block, it is necessary to have more than eight branching points that require the execution condition to be saved, interlocks (which are described next) must be used. When drawing a ladder diagram, be careful not to use TR bits unless necessary. Often the number of instructions required for a program can be reduced and ease of understanding a program increased by redrawing a diagram that would otherwise required TR bits. In both of the following pairs of diagrams, the bottom versions require fewer instructions and do not require TR bits. In the first example, this is achieved by reorganizing the parts of the instruction block: the bottom one, by separating the second OUTPUT instruction and using another LOAD instruction to create the proper execution condition for it. Note Although simplifying programs is always a concern, the order of execution of instructions is sometimes important. For example, a MOVE instruction may be required before the execution of a BINARY ADD instruction to place the proper data in the required operand word. Be sure that you have considered execution order before reorganizing a program to simplify it.
TR 0 00000 00001 Instruction 1
00000
00003 Instruction 1
Instruction 2 00001
TR 0 00002
00004 00000 Instruction 2 00001 Instruction 1 Instruction 2
00001
00002
00003 Instruction 1
00000
00001
00004 Instruction 2
Note TR bits are must be input by the user only when programming using mnemonic code. They are not necessary when inputting ladder diagrams directly because they are processed for you automatically. The above limitations on the number of branching points requiring TR bits, and considerations on methods to reduce the number of programming instructions, still hold.
Interlocks
The problem of storing execution conditions at branching points can also be handled by using the INTERLOCK (IL(02)) and INTERLOCK CLEAR (ILC(03)) instructions to eliminate the branching point completely while allowing a specific execution condition to control a group of instructions. The INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR instructions are always used together.
190
Section
4-3
When an INTERLOCK instruction is placed before a section of a ladder program, the execution condition for the INTERLOCK instruction will control the execution of all instruction up to the next INTERLOCK CLEAR instruction. If the execution condition for the INTERLOCK instruction is OFF, all right-hand instructions through the next INTERLOCK CLEAR instruction will be executed with OFF execution conditions to reset the entire section of the ladder diagram. The effect that this has on particular instructions is described in 5-12 INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR IL(02) and ILC(03). Diagram B can also be corrected with an interlock. Here, the conditions leading up to the branching point are placed on an instruction line for the INTERLOCK instruction, all of lines leading from the branching point are written as separate instruction lines, and another instruction line is added for the INTERLOCK CLEAR instruction. No conditions are allowed on the instruction line for INTERLOCK CLEAR. Note that neither INTERLOCK nor INTERLOCK CLEAR requires an operand.
00000 IL(02) 00001 Instruction 1 00002 Instruction 2
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006
Instruction LD IL(02) LD Instruction 1 LD Instruction 2 ILC(03)
Operands 00000 --00001 00002 ---
ILC(03)
If IR 00000 is ON in the revised version of diagram B, above, the status of IR 00001 and that of IR 00002 would determine the execution conditions for instructions 1 and 2, respectively. Because IR 00000 is ON, this would produce the same results as ANDing the status of each of these bits. If IR 00000 is OFF, the INTERLOCK instruction would produce an OFF execution condition for instructions 1 and 2 and then execution would continue with the instruction line following the INTERLOCK CLEAR instruction. As shown in the following diagram, more than one INTERLOCK instruction can be used within one instruction block; each is effective through the next INTERLOCK CLEAR instruction.
00000 IL(02) 00001 Instruction 1 00002 IL(02) 00003 00004 Instruction 2 00005 Instruction 3 00006 Instruction 4
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009 00010 00011 00012 00013
Instruction LD IL(02) LD Instruction 1 LD IL(02) LD AND NOT Instruction 2 LD Instruction 3 LD Instruction 4 ILC(03)
Operands 00000 --00001 00002 --00003 00004 00005 00006 ---
ILC(03)
191
Section
4-3
If IR 00000 in the above diagram is OFF (i.e., if the execution condition for the first INTERLOCK instruction is OFF), instructions 1 through 4 would be executed with OFF execution conditions and execution would move to the instruction following the INTERLOCK CLEAR instruction. If IR 00000 is ON, the status of IR 00001 would be loaded as the execution condition for instruction 1 and then the status of IR 00002 would be loaded to form the execution condition for the second INTERLOCK instruction. If IR 00002 is OFF, instructions 2 through 4 will be executed with OFF execution conditions. If IR 00002 is ON, IR 00003, IR 00005, and IR 00006 will determine the first execution condition in new instruction lines.
4-3-9
Jumps
A specific section of a program can be skipped according to a designated execution condition. Although this is similar to what happens when the execution condition for an INTERLOCK instruction is OFF, with jumps, the operands for all instructions maintain status. Jumps can therefore be used to control devices that require a sustained output, e.g., pneumatics and hydraulics, whereas interlocks can be used to control devices that do not required a sustained output, e.g., electronic instruments. Jumps are created using the JUMP (JMP(04)) and JUMP END (JME(05)) instructions. If the execution condition for a JUMP instruction is ON, the program is executed normally as if the jump did not exist. If the execution condition for the JUMP instruction is OFF, program execution moves immediately to a JUMP END instruction without changing the status of anything between the JUMP and JUMP END instruction. All JUMP and JUMP END instructions are assigned jump numbers ranging between 00 and 99. There are two types of jumps. The jump number used determines the type of jump. A jump can be defined using jump numbers 01 through 99 only once, i.e., each of these numbers can be used once in a JUMP instruction and once in a JUMP END instruction. When a JUMP instruction assigned one of these numbers is executed, execution moves immediately to the JUMP END instruction that has the same number as if all of the instruction between them did not exist. Diagram B from the TR bit and interlock example could be redrawn as shown below using a jump. Although 01 has been used as the jump number, any number between 01 and 99 could be used as long as it has not already been used in a different part of the program. JUMP and JUMP END require no other operand and JUMP END never has conditions on the instruction line leading to it.
00000 JMP(04) 01 00001 Instruction 1 00002 Instruction 2
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006
Instruction LD JMP(04) LD Instruction 1 LD Instruction 2 JME(05)
Operands 00000 01 00001 00002 01
JME(05) 01
Diagram B: Corrected with a Jump
This version of diagram B would have a shorter execution time when IR 00000 was OFF than any of the other versions.
192
Controlling Bit Status
Section
4-4
The other type of jump is created with a jump number of 00. As many jumps as desired can be created using jump number 00 and JUMP instructions using 00 can be used consecutively without a JUMP END using 00 between them. It is even possible for all JUMP 00 instructions to move program execution to the same JUMP END 00, i.e., only one JUMP END 00 instruction is required for all JUMP 00 instruction in the program. When 00 is used as the jump number for a JUMP instruction, program execution moves to the instruction following the next JUMP END instruction with a jump number of 00. Although, as in all jumps, no status is changed and no instructions are executed between the JUMP 00 and JUMP END 00 instructions, the program must search for the next JUMP END 00 instruction, producing a slightly longer execution time. Execution of programs containing multiple JUMP 00 instructions for one JUMP END 00 instruction is similar to that of interlocked sections. The following diagram is the same as that used for the interlock example above, except redrawn with jumps. The execution of this diagram would differ from that of the diagram described above (e.g., in the previous diagram interlocks would reset certain parts of the interlocked section, however, jumps do not affect the status of any bit between the JUMP and JUMP END instructions).
00000 JMP(04) 00 00001 Instruction 1 00002 JMP(04) 00 00003 00004 Instruction 2 00005 Instruction 3 00006 Instruction 4
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009 00010 00011 00012 00013
Instruction LD JMP(04) LD Instruction 1 LD JMP(04) LD AND NOT Instruction 2 LD Instruction 3 LD Instruction 4 JME(05)
Operands 00000 00 00001 00002 00 00003 00004 00005 00006 00
JME(05) 00
4-4

There are seven basic instructions that can be used generally to control individual bit status. These are the OUTPUT, OUTPUT NOT, SET, RESET, DIFFERENTIATE UP, DIFFERENTIATE DOWN, and KEEP instructions. All of these instructions appear as the last instruction in an instruction line and take a bit address for an operand. Although details are provided in 5-9 Bit Control Instructions, these instructions (except for OUTPUT and OUTPUT NOT, which have already been introduced) are described here because of their importance in most programs. Although these instructions are used to turn ON and OFF output bits in the IR area (i.e., to send or stop output signals to external devices), they are also used to control the status of other bits in the IR area or in other data areas.
4-4-1
SET and RESET

The SET and RESET instructions are very similar to the OUTPUT and OUTPUT NOT instructions except that they only change the status of their operand bits for ON execution conditions. Neither instructions will affect the status of its operand bit when the execution condition is OFF.
193
Section
4-4
SET will turn ON the operand bit when the execution condition goes ON, but unlike the OUTPUT instruction, SET will not turn OFF the operand bit when the execution condition goes OFF. RESET will turn OFF the operand bit when the execution condition goes OFF, but unlike OUTPUT NOT, RESET will not turn ON the operand bit when the execution condition goes OFF. In the following example, IR 10000 will be turned ON when IR 00100 goes ON and will remain ON until IR 00101 goes ON, regardless of the status of IR 00100. When IR 00101 goes ON, RESET will turn IR 10000 OFF.
00100 SET 10000
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003
Instruction LD SET LD RSET
Operands 00100 10000 00101 10000
00101 RSET 10000
4-4-2
DIFFERENTIATE UP and DIFFERENTIATE DOWN

DIFFERENTIATE UP and DIFFERENTIATE DOWN instructions are used to turn the operand bit ON for one cycle at a time. The DIFFERENTIATE UP instruction turns ON the operand bit for one cycle after the execution condition for it goes from OFF to ON; the DIFFERENTIATE DOWN instruction turns ON the operand bit for one cycle after the execution condition for it goes from ON to OFF. Both of these instructions require only one line of mnemonic code.
00000 DIFU(13) 01000
Address 00000 00001 Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD DIFU(13) Instruction LD DIFD(14)
Operands 00000 01000 Operands 00001 01001
00001 DIFD(14) 01001
Here, IR 01000 will be turned ON for one cycle after IR 00000 goes ON. The next time DIFU(13) 01000 is executed, IR 01000 will be turned OFF, regardless of the status of IR 00000. With the DIFFERENTIATE DOWN instruction, IR 01001 will be turned ON for one cycle after IR 00001 goes OFF (IR 01001 will be kept OFF until then), and will be turned OFF the next time DIFD(14) 01001 is executed.
4-4-3
KEEP
The KEEP instruction is used to maintain the status of the operand bit based on two execution conditions. To do this, the KEEP instruction is connected to two instruction lines. When the execution condition at the end of the first instruction line is ON, the operand bit of the KEEP instruction is turned ON. When the execution condition at the end of the second instruction line is ON, the operand bit of the KEEP instruction is turned OFF. The operand bit for the KEEP instruction will maintain its ON or OFF status even if it is located in an interlocked section of the diagram.
194
Work Bits (Internal Relays)
Section
4-5
In the following example, HR 0000 will be turned ON when IR 00002 is ON and IR 00003 is OFF. HR 0000 will then remain ON until either IR 00004 or IR 00005 turns ON. With KEEP, as with all instructions requiring more than one instruction line, the instruction lines are coded first before the instruction that they control.
00002 00003
Address
Instruction LD AND NOT LD OR KEEP(11)
Operands 00002 00003 00004 00005 0000
S: set input
00004
KEEP(11) HR 0000
00005
R: reset input
00000 00001 00002 00003 00004
HR
4-4-4
Self-maintaining Bits (Seal)

Although the KEEP instruction can be used to create self-maintaining bits, it is sometimes necessary to create self-maintaining bits in another way so that they can be turned OFF when in an interlocked section of a program. To create a self-maintaining bit, the operand bit of an OUTPUT instruction is used as a condition for the same OUTPUT instruction in an OR setup so that the operand bit of the OUTPUT instruction will remain ON or OFF until changes occur in other bits. At least one other condition is used just before the OUTPUT instruction to function as a reset. Without this reset, there would be no way to control the operand bit of the OUTPUT instruction. The above diagram for the KEEP instruction can be rewritten as shown below. The only difference in these diagrams would be their operation in an interlocked program section when the execution condition for the INTERLOCK instruction was ON. Here, just as in the same diagram using the KEEP instruction, two reset bits are used, i.e., HR 0000 can be turned OFF by turning ON either IR 00004 or IR 00005.
00002
00003
00004 HR 0000 00005
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005
Instruction LD AND NOT OR AND NOT OR NOT OUT
Operands 00002 00003 0000 00004 00005 0000
HR 0000
HR
HR
4-5

In programming, combining conditions to directly produce execution conditions is often extremely difficult. These difficulties are easily overcome, however, by using certain bits to trigger other instructions indirectly. Such programming is achieved by using work bits. Sometimes entire words are required for these purposes. These words are referred to as work words. Work bits are not transferred to or from the PC. They are bits selected by the programmer to facilitate programming as described above. I/O bits and other dedicated bits cannot be used as works bits. All bits in the IR area that are not allocated as I/O bits, and certain unused bits in the AR area, are available for use as work bits. Be careful to keep an accurate record of how and where you use work bits. This helps in program planning and writing, and also aids in debugging operations.
195

Work Bit Applications
Section
4-5
Examples given later in this subsection show two of the most common ways to employ work bits. These should act as a guide to the almost limitless number of ways in which the work bits can be used. Whenever difficulties arise in programming a control action, consideration should be given to work bits and how they might be used to simplify programming. Work bits are often used with the OUTPUT, OUTPUT NOT, DIFFERENTIATE UP, DIFFERENTIATE DOWN, and KEEP instructions. The work bit is used first as the operand for one of these instructions so that later it can be used as a condition that will determine how other instructions will be executed. Work bits can also be used with other instructions, e.g., with the SHIFT REGISTER instruction (SFT(10)). An example of the use of work words and bits with the SHIFT REGISTER instruction is provided in 5-17-1 SHIFT REGISTER SFT(10). Although they are not always specifically referred to as work bits, many of the bits used in the examples in Section 5 Instruction Set use work bits. Understanding the use of these bits is essential to effective programming.
Reducing Complex Conditions
Work bits can be used to simplify programming when a certain combination of conditions is repeatedly used in combination with other conditions. In the following example, IR 00000, IR 00001, IR 00002, and IR 00003 are combined in a logic block that stores the resulting execution condition as the status of IR 21600. IR 21600 is then combined with various other conditions to determine output conditions for IR 10000, IR 10001, and IR 10002, i.e., to turn the outputs allocated to these bits ON or OFF.
00000
00001 21600
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009 00010 00011 00012 00013 00014 00015 00016
Instruction LD AND NOT OR OR NOT OUT LD AND AND NOT OUT LD OR NOT AND OUT LD NOT OR OR OUT
Operands 00000 00001 00002 00003 21600 21600 00004 00005 10000 21600 00004 00005 10001 21600 00006 00007 10002
00002
00003
21600
00004
00005 10000
21600
00005 10001
00004
21600 10002
00006
00007
196
Programming Precautions
Differentiated Conditions
Section
4-6
Work bits can also be used if differential treatment is necessary for some, but not all, of the conditions required for execution of an instruction. In this example, IR 10000 must be left ON continuously as long as IR 001001 is ON and both IR 00002 and IR 00003 are OFF, or as long as IR 00004 is ON and IR 00005 is OFF. It must be turned ON for only one cycle each time IR 00000 turns ON (unless one of the preceding conditions is keeping it ON continuously). This action is easily programmed by using IR 22500 as a work bit as the operand of the DIFFERENTIATE UP instruction (DIFU(13)). When IR 00000 turns ON, IR 22500 will be turned ON for one cycle and then be turned OFF the next cycle by DIFU(13). Assuming the other conditions controlling IR 10000 are not keeping it ON, the work bit IR 22500 will turn IR 10000 ON for one cycle only.
00000 DIFU(13) 22500 22500 10000 00001 00002 00003
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009 00010
Instruction LD DIFU(13) LD LD AND NOT AND NOT OR LD LD AND NOT OR LD OUT
Operands 00000 22500 22500 00001 00002 00003 --00004 00005 --10000
00004
00005
4-6
The number of conditions that can be used in series or parallel is unlimited as long as the memory capacity of the PC is not exceeded. Therefore, use as many conditions as required to draw a clear diagram. Although very complicated diagrams can be drawn with instruction lines, there must not be any conditions on lines running vertically between two other instruction lines. Diagram A shown below, for example, is not possible, and should be drawn as diagram B. Mnemonic code is provided for diagram B only; coding diagram A would be impossible.
00000 00002 Instruction 1 00004 00001 00003 Instruction 2
Diagram A: Not Programmable
00001
00004
00002 Instruction 1
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009
Instruction LD AND OR AND Instruction 1 LD AND OR AND NOT Instruction 2
Operands 00001 00004 00000 00002 00000 00004 00001 00003
00000
00000
00004
00003 Instruction 2
00001
Diagram B: Correct Version
197
Section
4-6
The number of times any particular bit can be assigned to conditions is not limited, so use them as many times as required to simplify your program. Often, complicated programs are the result of attempts to reduce the number of times a bit is used. Except for instructions for which conditions are not allowed (e.g., INTERLOCK CLEAR and JUMP END, see below), every instruction line must also have at least one condition on it to determine the execution condition for the instruction at the right. Again, diagram A , below, must be drawn as diagram B. If an instruction must be continuously executed (e.g., if an output must always be kept ON while the program is being executed), the Always ON Flag (SR 25313) in the SR area can be used.
Instruction
Diagram A: Not Programmable for Most Instructions
25313 Instruction
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD Instruction
Operands 25313
Diagram B: Correct Version
There are a few exceptions to this rule, including the INTERLOCK CLEAR, JUMP END, and step instructions. Each of these instructions is used as the second of a pair of instructions and is controlled by the execution condition of the first of the pair. Conditions should not be placed on the instruction lines leading to these instructions. Refer to Section 5 Instruction Set for details. When drawing ladder diagrams, it is important to keep in mind the number of instructions that will be required to input it. In diagram A, below, an OR LOAD instruction will be required to combine the top and bottom instruction lines. This can be avoided by redrawing as shown in diagram B so that no AND LOAD or OR LOAD instructions are required. Refer to 5-8-2 AND LOAD and OR LOAD for more details.
00000 10007
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004
Instruction LD LD AND OR LD OUT
Operands 00000 00001 10007 --10007
00001 10007
Diagram A
Address
10007
00001 10007
Instruction LD AND OR OUT
Operands 00001 10007 00000 10007
00000
00000 00001 00002 00003
Diagram B
198
Indirectly Addressing the DM and EM Areas
Section
4-8
4-7
Program Execution
When program execution is started, the CPU Unit scans the program from top to bottom, checking all conditions and executing all instructions accordingly as it moves down the bus bar. It is important that instructions be placed in the proper order so that, for example, the desired data is moved to a word before that word is used as the operand for an instruction. Remember that an instruction line is completed to the terminal instruction at the right before executing an instruction lines branching from the first instruction line to other terminal instructions at the right. Program execution is only one of the tasks carried out by the CPU Unit as part of the cycle time. Refer to Section 7 PC Operations and Processing Time for details.
4-8
Indirectly Addressing the DM and EM Areas

The DM and EM areas can be addressed either directly or indirectly. Indirect addresses are indicated using an asterisk before the address, e.g., *DM 0000.
Direct Addresses
00000 MOV(21) #FFFF DM 0000
When IR 00000 is ON, the constant FFFF is moved to DM 0000. #FFFF DM 0000 FFFF
Indirect Addresses
With indirect addresses, the contents of the address given in the operand is treated as BCD and used as the final address in the EM or DM area.
00000 MOV(21) #FFFF *DM 0000
When IR 00000 is ON, the constant FFFF is moved to the address specified in DM 0000, i.e., DM 0123. DM 0000 0123 #FFFF
DM 0123
#FFFF
Note The contents of a word used as an indirect must be BCD and must not exceed the addressing range of the DM or EM area. If it is not BCD, a BCD error will occur. If the DM or EM area is exceeded, an indirect addressing error will occur. The Error Flag (SR 25503) will turn ON for either of these errors and the instruction will not be executed.
199
SECTION 5 Instruction Set

The CQM1H has a large programming instruction set that allows for easy programming of complicated control processes. This section explains instructions individually and provides the ladder diagram symbol, data areas, and flags used with each. The many instructions provided by these PCs are organized in the following subsections by instruction group. These groups include Ladder Diagram Instructions, instructions with fixed function codes, and set instructions. Some instructions, such as Timer and Counter instructions, are used to control execution of other instructions, e.g., a TIM Completion Flag might be used to turn ON a bit when the time period set for the timer has expired. Although these other instructions are often used to control output bits through the Output instruction, they can be used to control execution of other instructions as well. The Output instructions used in examples in this manual can therefore generally be replaced by other instructions to modify the program for specific applications other than controlling output bits directly. 5-1 5-2 5-3 5-4 5-5 5-6 5-7 Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Instruction Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data Areas, Definer Values, and Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Differentiated Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expansion Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coding Right-hand Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Instruction Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7-1 Instructions with Fixed Function Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7-2 Expansion Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7-3 Alphabetic List by Mnemonic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ladder Diagram Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8-1 LOAD, LOAD NOT, AND, AND NOT, OR, and OR NOT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8-2 AND LOAD and OR LOAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bit Control Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9-1 OUTPUT and OUTPUT NOT OUT and OUT NOT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9-2 SET and RESET SET and RSET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9-3 KEEP KEEP(11) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9-4 DIFFERENTIATE UP and DOWN DIFU(13) and DIFD(14) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NO OPERATION NOP(00) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . END END(01) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR IL(02) and ILC(03) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JUMP and JUMP END JMP(04) and JME(05) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . User Error Instructions: FAILURE ALARM AND RESET FAL(06) and SEVERE FAILURE ALARM FALS(07) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Step Instructions: STEP DEFINE and STEP STARTSTEP(08)/SNXT(09) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Timer and Counter Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16-1 TIMER TIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16-2 COUNTER CNT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16-3 REVERSIBLE COUNTER CNTR(12) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16-4 HIGH-SPEED TIMER TIMH(15) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16-5 TOTALIZING TIMER TTIM() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16-6 INTERVAL TIMER STIM(69) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16-7 REGISTER COMPARISON TABLE CTBL(63) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16-8 MODE CONTROL INI(61) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16-9 HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ PRV(62) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 205 205 207 207 209 212 212 213 213 217 217 218 218 218 219 220 221 222 222 222 224 225 226 228 229 230 231 232 234 235 237 248 250
5-8
5-9
5-10 5-11 5-12 5-13 5-14 5-15 5-16
201
Section
5-17 Shift Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17-1 SHIFT REGISTER SFT(10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17-2 WORD SHIFT WSFT(16) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17-3 ARITHMETIC SHIFT LEFT ASL(25) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17-4 ARITHMETIC SHIFT RIGHT ASR(26) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17-5 ROTATE LEFT ROL(27) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17-6 ROTATE RIGHT ROR(28) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17-7 ONE DIGIT SHIFT LEFT SLD(74) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17-8 ONE DIGIT SHIFT RIGHT SRD(75) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17-9 REVERSIBLE SHIFT REGISTER SFTR(84) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17-10 ASYNCHRONOUS SHIFT REGISTER ASFT(17) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18 Data Movement Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18-1 MOVE MOV(21) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18-2 MOVE NOT MVN(22) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18-3 BLOCK TRANSFER XFER(70) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18-4 BLOCK SET BSET(71) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18-5 DATA EXCHANGE XCHG(73) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18-6 SINGLE WORD DISTRIBUTE DIST(80) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18-7 DATA COLLECT COLL(81) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18-8 MOVE BIT MOVB(82) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18-9 MOVE DIGIT MOVD(83) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18-10 TRANSFER BITS XFRB() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19 Comparison Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19-1 COMPARE CMP(20) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19-2 TABLE COMPARE TCMP(85) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19-3 BLOCK COMPARE BCMP(68) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19-4 DOUBLE COMPARE CMPL(60) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19-5 MULTI-WORD COMPARE MCMP(19) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19-6 SIGNED BINARY COMPARE CPS() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19-7 DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY COMPARE CPSL() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19-8 AREA RANGE COMPARE ZCP() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19-9 DOUBLE AREA RANGE COMPARE ZCPL() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20 Conversion Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20-1 BCD-TO-BINARY BIN(23) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20-2 BINARY-TO-BCD BCD(24) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20-3 DOUBLE BCD-TO-DOUBLE BINARY BINL(58) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20-4 DOUBLE BINARY-TO-DOUBLE BCD BCDL(59) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20-5 4-TO-16 DECODER MLPX(76) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20-6 16-TO-4 ENCODER DMPX(77) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20-7 7-SEGMENT DECODER SDEC(78) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20-8 ASCII CONVERT ASC(86) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20-9 ASCII-TO-HEXADECIMAL HEX() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20-10 SCALING SCL(66) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20-11 SIGNED BINARY TO BCD SCALING SCL2() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20-12 BCD TO SIGNED BINARY SCALING SCL3() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20-13 HOURS-TO-SECONDS SEC() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20-14 SECONDS-TO-HOURS HMS() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20-15 COLUMN-TO-LINE LINE() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20-16 LINE-TO-COLUMN COLM() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20-17 2S COMPLEMENT NEG() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20-18 DOUBLE 2S COMPLEMENT NEGL() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254 254 255 256 256 257 257 258 259 259 261 262 262 263 264 265 266 266 268 270 271 272 273 273 274 275 277 278 279 280 282 283 284 284 285 285 286 287 289 291 294 295 298 300 301 303 304 305 306 307 308
202
Section
5-21 BCD Calculation Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21-1 SET CARRY STC(40) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21-2 CLEAR CARRY CLC(41) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21-3 BCD ADD ADD(30) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21-4 BCD SUBTRACT SUB(31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21-5 BCD MULTIPLY MUL(32) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21-6 BCD DIVIDE DIV(33) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21-7 DOUBLE BCD ADD ADDL(54) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21-8 DOUBLE BCD SUBTRACT SUBL(55) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21-9 DOUBLE BCD MULTIPLY MULL(56) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21-10 DOUBLE BCD DIVIDE DIVL(57) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21-11 SQUARE ROOT ROOT(72) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22 Binary Calculation Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22-1 BINARY ADD ADB(50) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22-2 BINARY SUBTRACT SBB(51) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22-3 BINARY MULTIPLY MLB(52) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22-4 BINARY DIVIDE DVB(53) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22-5 DOUBLE BINARY ADD ADBL() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22-6 DOUBLE BINARY SUBTRACT SBBL() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22-7 SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY MBS() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22-8 DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY MBSL() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22-9 SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE DBS() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-22-10 DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE DBSL() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23 Special Math Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23-1 FIND MAXIMUM MAX() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23-2 FIND MINIMUM MIN() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23-3 AVERAGE VALUE AVG() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23-4 SUM SUM() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23-5 ARITHMETIC PROCESS APR() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24 Floating-point Math Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-1 FLOATING TO 16-BIT: FIX() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-2 FLOATING TO 32-BIT: FIXL() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-3 16-BIT TO FLOATING: FLT() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-4 32-BIT TO FLOATING: FLTL() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-5 FLOATING-POINT ADD: +F() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-6 FLOATING-POINT SUBTRACT: F() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-7 FLOATING-POINT MULTIPLY: *F() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-8 FLOATING-POINT DIVIDE: /F() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-9 DEGREES TO RADIANS: RAD() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-10 RADIANS TO DEGREES: DEG() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-11 SINE: SIN() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-12 COSINE: COS() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-13 TANGENT: TAN() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-14 ARC SINE: ASIN() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-15 ARC COSINE: ACOS() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-16 ARC TANGENT: ATAN() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-17 SQUARE ROOT: SQRT() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-18 EXPONENT: EXP() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24-19 LOGARITHM: LOG() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310 310 310 310 311 313 314 315 317 318 319 320 321 321 322 323 324 325 326 328 329 330 331 332 332 333 334 335 337 340 345 346 347 348 348 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 364
203
Section
5-25 Logic Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-25-1 COMPLEMENT COM(29) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-25-2 LOGICAL AND ANDW(34) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-25-3 LOGICAL OR ORW(35) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-25-4 EXCLUSIVE OR XORW(36) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-25-5 EXCLUSIVE NOR XNRW(37) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-26 Increment/Decrement Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-26-1 BCD INCREMENT INC(38) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-26-2 BCD DECREMENT DEC(39) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-27 Subroutine Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-27-1 SUBROUTINE ENTER SBS(91) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-27-2 SUBROUTINE DEFINE and RETURN SBN(92)/RET(93) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28 Special Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28-1 TRACE MEMORY SAMPLING TRSM(45) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28-2 MESSAGE DISPLAY MSG(46) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28-3 I/O REFRESH IORF(97) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28-4 MACRO MCRO(99) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28-5 BIT COUNTER BCNT(67) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28-6 FRAME CHECKSUM FCS() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28-7 FAILURE POINT DETECTION FPD() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28-8 INTERRUPT CONTROL INT(89) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28-9 SET PULSES PULS(65) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28-10 SPEED OUTPUT SPED(64) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28-11 PULSE OUTPUT PLS2() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28-12 ACCELERATION CONTROL ACC() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28-13 PULSE WITH VARIABLE DUTY FACTOR PWM() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28-14 DATA SEARCH SRCH() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-28-15 PID CONTROL PID() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-29 Network Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-29-1 NETWORK SEND SEND(90) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-29-2 NETWORK RECEIVE RECV(98) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-29-3 DELIVER COMMAND: CMND() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30 Communications Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30-1 RECEIVE RXD(47) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30-2 TRANSMIT TXD(48) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30-3 CHANGE SERIAL PORT SETUP STUP() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-30-4 PROTOCOL MACRO PMCR() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-31 Advanced I/O Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-31-1 7-SEGMENT DISPLAY OUTPUT 7SEG(88) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-31-2 DIGITAL SWITCH INPUT DSW(87) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-31-3 HEXADECIMAL KEY INPUT HKY() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-31-4 TEN KEY INPUT TKY(18) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365 365 365 366 367 367 368 368 368 370 370 372 372 372 374 375 376 378 378 380 384 385 387 390 392 394 395 397 398 398 402 405 408 408 410 412 415 417 417 420 424 427
204
Data Areas, Definer Values, and Flags
Section
5-3
5-1
Notation
In the remainder of this manual, all instructions will be referred to by their mnemonics. For example, the OUTPUT instruction will be called OUT; the AND LOAD instruction, AND LD. If youre not sure of the instruction a mnemonic is used for, refer to Appendix A Programming Instructions. If an instruction is assigned a function code, it will be given in parentheses after the mnemonic. These function codes, which are 2-digit decimal numbers, are used to input most instructions into the CPU Unit. A table of instructions listed in order of function codes is also provided in Appendix A Programming Instructions. Lists of instructions are also provided in 5-7 Instruction Tables. An @ before a mnemonic indicates the differentiated version of that instruction. Differentiated instructions are explained in Section 5-4.
5-2
Instruction Format
Most instructions have at least one or more operands associated with them. Operands indicate or provide the data on which an instruction is to be performed. These are sometimes input as the actual numeric values (i.e., as constants), but are usually the addresses of data area words or bits that contain the data to be used. A bit whose address is designated as an operand is called an operand bit; a word whose address is designated as an operand is called an operand word. In some instructions, the word address designated in an instruction indicates the first of multiple words containing the desired data. Each instruction requires one or more words in Program Memory. The first word is the instruction word, which specifies the instruction and contains any definers (described below) or operand bits required by the instruction. Other operands required by the instruction are contained in following words, one operand per word. Some instructions require up to four words. A definer is an operand associated with an instruction and contained in the same word as the instruction itself. These operands define the instruction rather than telling what data it is to use. Examples of definers are TIM/CNT numbers, which are used in timer and counter instructions to create timers and counters, as well as jump numbers (which define which Jump instruction is paired with which Jump End instruction). Bit operands are also contained in the same word as the instruction itself, although these are not considered definers.
5-3

In this section, each instruction description includes its ladder diagram symbol, the data areas that can be used by its operands, and the values that can be used as definers. Details for the data areas are also specified by the operand names and the type of data required for each operand (i.e., word or bit and, for words, hexadecimal or BCD). Not all addresses in the specified data areas are necessarily allowed for an operand, e.g., if an operand requires two words, the last word in a data area cannot be designated as the first word of the operand because all words for a single operand must be within the same data area. Other specific limitations are given in a Limitations subsection. Refer to Section 3 Memory Areas for addressing conventions and the addresses of flags and control bits. ! Caution The IR and SR areas are considered as separate data areas. If an operand has access to one area, it doesnt necessarily mean that the same operand will have access to the other area. The border between the IR and SR areas can, however, be crossed for a single operand, i.e., the last bit in the IR area may be specified for an operand that requires more than one word as long as the SR area is also allowed for that operand.
205
Section
5-3
The Flags subsection lists flags that are affected by execution of an instruction. These flags include the following SR area flags.
Abbreviation ER CY GR EQ LE Carry Flag Greater Than Flag Equals Flag Less Than Flag Name Instruction Execution Error Flag 25503 25504 25505 25506 25507 Bit
ER is the flag most commonly used for monitoring an instructions execution. When ER goes ON, it indicates that an error has occurred in attempting to execute the current instruction. The Flags subsection of each instruction lists possible reasons for ER being ON. ER will turn ON if operands are not entered correctly. Instructions are not executed when ER is ON. A table of instructions and the flags they affect is provided in Appendix B Error and Arithmetic Flag Operation. Indirect Addressing When the DM area is specified for an operand, an indirect address can be used. Indirect DM addressing is specified by placing an asterisk before the DM: *DM. When an indirect DM address is specified, the designated DM word will contain the address of the DM word that contains the data that will be used as the operand of the instruction. If, for example, *DM 0001 was designated as the first operand and LR 00 as the second operand of MOV(21), the contents of DM 0001 was 1111, and DM 1111 contained 5555, the value 5555 would be moved to LR 00.
MOV(21) *DM 0001 LR 00
Indirect address
Word DM 0000 DM 0001 DM 0002
Content 4C59 1111 F35A
Indicates DM 1111.
DM 1111 DM 1113 DM 1114
5555 2506 D541
5555 moved to LR 00.
When using indirect addressing, the address of the desired word must be in BCD and it must specify a word within the DM area. In the above example, the content of *DM 0000 would have to be in BCD between 0000 and 1999. Designating Constants Although data area addresses are most often given as operands, many operands and all definers are input as constants. The available value range for a given definer or operand depends on the particular instruction that uses it. Constants must also be entered in the form required by the instruction, i.e., in BCD or in hexadecimal.
206
Expansion Instructions
Section
5-5
5-4
Differentiated Instructions
Most instructions are provided in both differentiated and non-differentiated forms. Differentiated instructions are distinguished by an @ in front of the instruction mnemonic. A non-differentiated instruction is executed each time it is scanned as long as its execution condition is ON. A differentiated instruction is executed only once after its execution condition goes from OFF to ON. If the execution condition has not changed or has changed from ON to OFF since the last time the instruction was scanned, the instruction will not be executed. The following two examples show how this works with MOV(21) and @MOV(21), which are used to move the data in the address designated by the first operand to the address designated by the second operand.
00000 MOV(21) HR 10
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD MOV(21)
Operands 00000 HR DM 10 0000
Diagram A
DM 0000
00000 @MOV(21) HR 10
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD @MOV(21)
Operands 00000 HR DM 10 0000
Diagram B
DM 0000
In diagram A, the non-differentiated MOV(21) will move the content of HR 10 to DM 0000 whenever it is scanned with 00000. If the cycle time is 80 ms and 00000 remains ON for 2.0 seconds, this move operation will be performed 25 times and only the last value moved to DM 0000 will be preserved there. In diagram B, the differentiated @MOV(21) will move the content of HR 10 to DM 0000 only once after 00000 goes ON. Even if 00000 remains ON for 2.0 seconds with the same 80 ms cycle time, the move operation will be executed only once during the first cycle in which 00000 has changed from OFF to ON. Because the content of HR 10 could very well change during the 2 seconds while 00000 is ON, the final content of DM 0000 after the 2 seconds could be different depending on whether MOV(21) or @MOV(21) was used. All operands, ladder diagram symbols, and other specifications for instructions are the same regardless of whether the differentiated or non-differentiated form of an instruction is used. When inputting, the same function codes are also used, but NOT is input after the function code to designate the differentiated form of an instruction. Most, but not all, instructions have differentiated forms. Refer to 5-12 INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR IL(02) and IL(03) for the effects of interlocks on differentiated instructions. The CQM1H also provides differentiation instructions: DIFU(13) and DIFD(14). DIFU(13) operates the same as a differentiated instruction, but is used to turn ON a bit for one cycle. DIFD(14) also turns ON a bit for one cycle, but does it when the execution condition has changed from ON to OFF. Refer to 5-9-4 DIFFERENTIATE UP and DOWN - DIFU(13) and DIFD(14) for details.
5-5
A set of expansion instructions to aid in special programming needs. Function codes can be assigned to up to 18 of the expansion instructions to enable using them in programs. This allows the user to pick the instructions needed by each program to more effectively use the function codes required to input instructions.
207
Section
5-5
The mnemonics of expansion instructions are followed by () as the function code to indicate that they must be assigned function codes by the user in the instructions table before they can be used in programming (unless they are used under their default settings). Any of the instructions not assigned function codes will need to be assigned function codes by the Programming Device and the CQM1H before they can be used in programming. Changing the function codes assigned to expansion instructions will change the meaning of instructions and operands, so be sure to assign the function codes before programming and transfer the proper expansion instruction settings to the CQM1H before program execution. Example The following example shows how default function code settings can be changed.
Function code 61 INI SPED Function code 64 PULS MAX Function code 65 MIN SUM At the time of shipping, the function codes are assigned as shown above. (In this example, the instructions all relate to pulse outputs.) Function code 65 Function code 64 Function code 61 INI SPED PULS MAX MIN SUM If pulse outputs are not being used, and if maximum values, minimum values, and sums are required, then the Set Instructions operation can be used as shown above to reassign instructions in the instruction table.
Function Codes for Expansion Instructions
The following 18 function codes can be used for expansion instructions: 17, 18, 19, 47, 48, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 87, 88, and 89 The 74 expansion instructions that can be used are listed below, along with the default function codes that are assigned when the CQM1H is shipped.
Mnemonic ASFT TKY MCMP RXD TXD CMPL INI PRV CTBL SPED PULS SCL BCNT BCMP STIM DSW 7SEG INT 17 18 19 47 48 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 87 88 89
Code
Mnemonic ACC ACOS ADBL APR ASIN ATAN AVG CMND COLM COS CPS CPSL DBS DBSL DEG EXP FCS FIX -------------------------------------
Code
Mnemonic FIXL FLT FLTL FPD HEX HKY HMS LINE LOG MAX MBS MBSL MIN NEG NEGL PID PLS2 PMCR PWM
Code ---------------------------------------
Mnemonic RAD SBBL SCL2 SCL3 SEC SIN SQRT SRCH STUP SUM TAN TTIM XFRB ZCP ZCPL +F F *F /F
Code ---------------------------------------
208
Coding Right-hand Instructions
Section
5-6
The expansion instruction assignments can be stored on Memory Cassettes when they are used. Exercise care when using a Memory Cassette that has been used with another CQM1H and be sure the proper expansion instruction assignments are being used.
! Caution
If pin 4 of the CQM1Hs DIP switch is OFF, the default function codes will be used and user-set expansion instruction assignments will be ignored. The default function code assignments will also be set whenever power is turned on, deleting any previous settings. Make sure that pin 4 of the CPU Unit DIP switch is ON when reading a program from the Memory Cassette that has user-set expansion instruction assignments. If pin 4 is OFF, the default function code assignments will be used for expansion instructions in programs read from a Memory Cassette. (In this case, the program read from the Memory Cassette and the program on the Memory Cassette will not match when the two are compared.)
5-6

Writing mnemonic code for ladder instructions is described in Section 4 Ladderdiagram Programming. Converting the information in the ladder diagram symbol for all other instructions follows the same pattern, as described below, and is not specified for each instruction individually. The first word of any instruction defines the instruction and provides any definers. If the instruction requires only a signal bit operand with no definer, the bit operand is also placed on the same line as the mnemonic. All other operands are placed on lines after the instruction line, one operand per line and in the same order as they appear in the ladder symbol for the instruction. The address and instruction columns of the mnemonic code table are filled in for the instruction word only. For all other lines, the left two columns are left blank. If the instruction requires no definer or bit operand, the data column is left blank for first line. It is a good idea to cross through any blank data column spaces (for all instruction words that do not require data) so that the data column can be quickly scanned to see if any addresses have been left out. If an IR or SR address is used in the data column, the left side of the column is left blank. If any other data area is used, the data area abbreviation is placed on the left side and the address is placed on the right side. If a constant is to be input, the number symbol (#) is placed on the left side of the data column and the number to be input is placed on the right side. Any numbers input as definers in the instruction word do not require the number symbol on the right side. TIM/CNT bits, once defined as a timer or counter, take a TIM (timer) or CNT (counter) prefix. When coding an instruction that has a function code, be sure to write in the function code, which will be necessary when inputting the instruction via the Programming Console. Also be sure to designate the differentiated instruction with the @ symbol. Note The mnemonics of expansion instructions are followed by () as the function code to indicate that they must be assigned function codes by the user in the instructions table before they can be used in programming. Refer to page 17 for details.
209
Section
5-6
The following diagram and corresponding mnemonic code illustrates the points described above.
00000 00001 DIFU(13) 21600 00002
Address Instruction 00000 00001 00002 LD AND OR DIFU(13) LD AND NOT LD AND NOT AND NOT OR LD AND BCNT(67)
Data 00000 00001 00002 21600 00100 00200 01001 01002 LR 6300 21600 # 0001 004 HR 00 00005 000 # 0150 000 HR LR 00 00 0015 00500
00100
00200
21600 BCNT(67)
00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008

#0001 004 HR 00
01001 01002
LR 6300
00005 TIM 000 #0150
00009 00010 00011
TIM 000 MOV(21) HR 00 LR 00
00012
HR 0015 00500
LD TIM
00013
00014 00015
LD MOV(21)
TIM
00016 00017
LD OUT NOT
HR
210

Multiple Instruction Lines
Section
5-6
If a right-hand instruction requires multiple instruction lines (such as KEEP(11)), all of the lines for the instruction are entered before the right-hand instruction. Each of the lines for the instruction is coded, starting with LD or LD NOT, to form logic blocks that are combined by the right-hand instruction. An example of this for SFT(10) is shown below.
Address Instruction
I SFT(10) P HR 00
00000 00002 00100
00001
Data 00000 00001 00002 00100 00200 01001 01002 LR 6300 21600 HR HR 00 00 0015 00500
00000 00001 00002
LD AND LD LD AND NOT LD AND NOT AND NOT OR LD AND SFT(10)
00200
21600
HR 00
00003 00004
01001 01002
LR 6300
HR 0015 00500
00005 00006 00007 00008 00009 00010
00011 00012
LD OUT NOT
HR
211
Instruction Tables
Section
5-7
5-7
Instruction Tables
This section provides tables of the instructions available in the CQM1H. The first two tables can be used to find instructions by function code. The last table can be used to find instructions by mnemonic.
5-7-1 Instructions with Fixed Function Codes

The following table lists the instructions that have fixed function codes. Each instruction is listed by mnemonic and by instruction name. Use the numbers in the leftmost column as the left digit and the number in the column heading as the right digit of the function code. The @ symbol indicates instructions with differentiated forms. Expansion instructions without default function codes must be allocated function codes to enable using them. Even the expansion instructions with default function codes have been omitted from the following table and space has been provided so that you can write in the ones you will be using. Refer to the next page for details on expansion instructions.
Left digit 0 Right digit 0
NOP NO OPERATION SFT SHIFT REGISTER CMP COMPARE (@) ADD BCD ADD (@) STC SET CARRY END END
2
IL INTERLOCK
3
ILC INTERLOCK CLEAR DIFU DIFFERENTIATE UP (@) BIN BCD TO BINARY (@) DIV BCD DIVIDE --JMP JUMP
5
JME JUMP END
6
(@) FAL FAILURE ALARM AND RESET (@) WSFT WORD SHIFT (@) ASR SHIFT RIGHT (@) XORW EXCLUSIVE OR (@) MSG MESSAGE DISPLAY (@) MULL DOUBLE BCD MULTIPLY
7
FALS SEVERE FAILURE ALARM
8
STEP STEP DEFINE
9
SNXT STEP START
KEEP KEEP
CNTR REVERSIBLE COUNTER (@) MVN MOVE NOT (@) MUL BCD MULTIPLY ---
DIFD DIFFERENTIATE DOWN (@) BCD BINARY TO BCD (@) ANDW LOGICAL AND ---
TIMH HIGHSPEED TIMER (@) ASL SHIFT LEFT (@) ORW LOGICAL OR TRSM TRACE MEMORY SAMPLE (@) SUBL DOUBLE BCD SUBTRACT
(Expansion Instruction) (@) ROL ROTATE LEFT (@) XNRW EXCLUSIVE NOR
(Expansion Instruction) (@) ROR ROTATE RIGHT (@) INC INCREMENT
(Expansion Instruction) (@) COM COMPLEMENT (@) DEC DECREMENT ---
2 3 4
(@) MOV MOVE (@) SUB BCD SUBTRACT (@) CLC CLEAR CARRY (@) SBB BINARY SUBTRACT
(Expansion Instruction) (@) DIVL DOUBLE BCD DIVIDE
(Expansion Instruction) (@) BINL DOUBLE BCD-TODOUBLE BINARY (@) BCDL DOUBLE BINARY-TODOUBLE BCD
(@) ADB BINARY ADD
(@) MLB BINARY MULTIPLY
(@) DVB BINARY DIVIDE
(@) ADDL DOUBLE BCD ADD
6
(Expansion Instruction) (Expansion Instruction) (@) BSET BLOCK SET (Expansion Instruction) (@) ROOT SQUARE ROOT (@) MOVB MOVE BIT (Expansion Instruction) (@) XCHG DATA EXCHANGE (@) MOVD MOVE DIGIT (Expansion Instruction) (@) SLD ONE DIGIT SHIFT LEFT (@) SFTR REVERSIBLE SHIFT REGISTER --(Expansion Instruction) (@) SRD ONE DIGIT SHIFT RIGHT (@) TCMP TABLE COMPARE --(Expansion Instruction) (@) MLPX 4-TO-16 DECODER (@) ASC ASCII CONVERT --(Expansion Instruction) (@) DMPX 16-TO-4 ENCODER (Expansion Instruction) (@) SDEC 7-SEGMENT DECODER (Expansion Instruction) ---
(@) XFER BLOCK TRANSFER (@) DIST SINGLE WORD DISTRIBUTE (@) SEND NETWORK SEND
(@) COLL DATA COLLECT (@) SBS SUBROUTINE ENTRY
(Expansion Instruction) (@) IORF I/O REFRESH
(Expansion Instruction) (@) RECV NETWORK RECEIVE
(Expansion Instruction) (@) MCRO MACRO
SBN SUBROUTINE DEFINE
RET SUBROUTINE RETURN
212
Instruction Tables
Section
5-7
5-7-2 Expansion Instructions

The 74 expansion instructions that can be used are listed below, along with the default function codes that are assigned when the CQM1H is shipped. Refer to 1-4 Expansion Instructions for more details.
Mnemonic ASFT TKY MCMP RXD TXD CMPL INI PRV CTBL SPED PULS SCL BCNT BCMP STIM DSW 7SEG INT 17 18 19 47 48 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 87 88 89 Code Mnemonic ACC ACOS ADBL APR ASIN ATAN AVG CMND COLM COS CPS CPSL DBS DBSL DEG EXP FCS FIX ------------------------------------Code Mnemonic FIXL FLT FLTL FPD HEX HKY HMS LINE LOG MAX MBS MBSL MIN NEG NEGL PID PLS2 PMCR PWM Code --------------------------------------Mnemonic RAD SBBL SCL2 SCL3 SEC SIN SQRT SRCH STUP SUM TAN TTIM XFRB ZCP ZCPL /F +F F *F Code ---------------------------------------
5-7-3 Alphabetic List by Mnemonic

Dashes () in the Code column indicate expansion instructions, which do not have fixed function codes. None indicates instructions for which function codes are not used. The @ symbol indicates instructions with differentiated forms.
Mnemonic 7SEG ACC (@) ACOS (@) ADB (@) ADBL (@) ADD (@) ADDL (@) AND AND LD AND NOT ANDW (@) APR (@) ASC (@) ASFT(@) ASIN (@) ASL (@) ASR (@) ATAN (@) Code 88 50 30 54 None None None 34 86 17 25 26 Words 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 3 2 2 3 Name 7-SEGMENT DISPLAY OUTPUT ACCELERATION CONTROL ARC COSINE BINARY ADD DOUBLE BINARY ADD BCD ADD DOUBLE BCD ADD AND AND LOAD AND NOT LOGICAL AND ARITHMETIC PROCESS ASCII CONVERT ASYNCHRONOUS SHIFT REGISTER ARC SINE ARITHMETIC SHIFT LEFT ARITHMETIC SHIFT RIGHT ARC TANGENT Page 417 392 359 321 325 310 316 217 218 217 365 337 294 261 358 256 256 360
213
Instruction Tables
Mnemonic AVG BCD (@) BCDL (@) BCMP (@) BCNT (@) BIN (@) BINL (@) BSET (@) CLC (@) CMND (@) CMP CMPL CNT CNTR COLL (@) COLM(@) COM (@) COS (@) CPS CPSL CTBL(@) DBS (@) DBSL (@) DEC (@) DEG (@) DIFD DIFU DIST (@) DIV (@) DIVL (@) DMPX (@) DSW DVB (@) END EXP (@) FAL (@) FALS FCS (@) FIX (@) FIXL (@) FLT (@) FLTL (@) FPD HEX (@) HKY HMS IL ILC INC (@) Code 24 59 68 67 23 58 71 41 20 60 None 12 81 29 63 39 14 13 80 33 57 77 87 53 01 06 07 02 03 38 Words 4 3 3 4 4 3 3 4 1 4 3 4 2 3 4 4 2 3 4 4 4 4 4 2 3 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 4 2 2 4 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 1 1 2 BINARY TO BCD Name AVERAGE VALUE
Section
5-7
Page 334 285 286 275 378 284 285 265 310 405 273 277 230 231 268 306 365 356 279 280 237 330 331 368 354 221 221 266 314 319 289 420 324 222 362 225 225 378 345 346 347 348 380 295 424 304 222 222 368
DOUBLE BINARY-TO-DOUBLE BCD BLOCK COMPARE BIT COUNTER BCD-TO-BINARY DOUBLE BCD-TO-DOUBLE BINARY BLOCK SET CLEAR CARRY DELIVER COMMAND COMPARE DOUBLE COMPARE COUNTER REVERSIBLE COUNTER DATA COLLECT LINE TO COLUMN COMPLEMENT COSINE SIGNED BINARY COMPARE DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY COMPARE COMPARISON TABLE LOAD SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE BCD DECREMENT RADIANS TO DEGREES DIFFERENTIATE DOWN DIFFERENTIATE UP SINGLE WORD DISTRIBUTE BCD DIVIDE DOUBLE BCD DIVIDE 16-TO-4 ENCODER DIGITAL SWITCH BINARY DIVIDE END EXPONENT FAILURE ALARM AND RESET SEVERE FAILURE ALARM FCS CALCULATE FLOATING TO 16-BIT FLOATING TO 32-BIT 16-BIT TO FLOATING 32-BIT TO FLOATING FAILURE POINT DETECT ASCII-TO-HEXADECIMAL HEXADECIMAL KEY INPUT SECONDS TO HOURS INTERLOCK INTERLOCK CLEAR INCREMENT
214
Instruction Tables
Mnemonic INI (@) INT (@) IORF (@) JME JMP KEEP LD LD NOT LINE LOG (@) MAX (@) MBS (@) MBSL (@) MCMP (@) MCRO (@) MIN (@) MLB (@) MLPX (@) MOV (@) MOVB (@) MOVD (@) MSG (@) MUL (@) MULL (@) MVN (@) NEG (@) NEGL (@) NOP OR OR LD OR NOT ORW (@) OUT OUT NOT PID PLS2 (@) PMCR (@) PRV (@) PULS (@) PWM (@) RAD (@) RECV (@) RET ROL (@) ROOT (@) ROR (@) RSET RXD (@) SBB (@) Code 61 89 97 05 04 11 None None 19 99 52 76 21 82 83 46 32 56 22 00 None None None 35 None None 62 65 98 93 27 72 28 None 47 51 Words 4 4 3 2 2 2 1 1 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 2 4 4 3 4 4 1 1 1 1 4 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 1 2 3 2 2 4 4 Name MODE CONTROL INTERRUPT CONTROL I/O REFRESH JUMP END JUMP KEEP LOAD LOAD NOT LINE LOGARITHM FIND MAXIMUM SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY
Section
5-7
Page 248 384 375 224 224 220 217 217 305 364 332 328 329 333 376 333 323 287 262 270 271 374 313 318 263 307 308 222 217 218 217 366 218 218 397 390 415 250 385 394 353 402 372 257 320 257 219 408 322
DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY MULTI-WORD COMPARE MACRO FIND MINIMUM BINARY MULTIPLY 4-TO-16 DECODER MOVE MOVE BIT MOVE DIGIT MESSAGE BCD MULTIPLY DOUBLE BCD MULTIPLY MOVE NOT 2S COMPLEMENT DOUBLE 2S COMPLEMENT NO OPERATION OR OR LOAD OR NOT LOGICAL OR OUTPUT OUTPUT NOT PID CONTROL PULSE OUTPUT PROTOCOL MACRO HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ SET PULSES PULSE WITH VARIABLE DUTY FACTOR DEGREES TO RADIANS NETWORK RECEIVE SUBROUTINE RETURN ROTATE LEFT SQUARE ROOT ROTATE RIGHT RESET RECEIVE BINARY SUBTRACT
215
Instruction Tables
Mnemonic SBBL (@) SBN SBS (@) SCL (@) SCL2 (@) SCL3 (@) SDEC (@) SEC SEND (@) SET SFT SFTR (@) SIN (@) SLD (@) SNXT SPED (@) SQRT (@) SRCH (@) SRD (@) STC (@) STEP STIM (@) STUP (@) SUB (@) SUBL (@) SUM (@) TAN (@) TCMP (@) TIM TIMH TKY (@) TRSM TTIM TXD (@) WSFT (@) XCHG (@) XFER (@) XFRB (@) XNRW (@) XORW (@) ZCP ZCPL +F (@) F (@) *F (@) /F (@) Code 92 91 66 78 90 None 10 84 74 09 64 75 40 08 69 31 55 85 None 15 18 45 48 16 73 70 37 36 Words 4 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 3 4 4 3 2 4 3 4 3 1 2 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 2 3 4 1 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Name DOUBLE BINARY SUBTRACT SUBROUTINE DEFINE SUBROUTINE ENTRY SCALING
Section
5-7
Page 326 372 370 298 300 301 291 303 398 219 254 259 355 258 226 387 361 395 259 310 226 235 412 311 317 335 357 274 229 232 427 372 234 410 255 266 264 272 367 367 282 283 348 350 351 352
SIGNED BINARY TO BCD SCALING BCD TO SIGNED BINARY SCALING 7-SEGMENT DECODER HOURS TO SECONDS NETWORK SEND SET SHIFT REGISTER REVERSIBLE SHIFT REGISTER SINE ONE DIGIT SHIFT LEFT STEP START SPEED OUTPUT SQUARE ROOT DATA SEARCH ONE DIGIT SHIFT RIGHT SET CARRY STEP DEFINE INTERVAL TIMER CHANGE SERIAL PORT SETUP BCD SUBTRACT DOUBLE BCD SUBTRACT SUM TANGENT TABLE COMPARE TIMER HIGH-SPEED TIMER TEN KEY INPUT TRACE MEMORY SAMPLE TOTALIZING TIMER TRANSMIT WORD SHIFT DATA EXCHANGE BLOCK TRANSFER TRANSFER BITS EXCLUSIVE NOR EXCLUSIVE OR AREA RANGE COMPARE DOUBLE AREA RANGE COMPARE FLOATING-POINT ADD FLOATING-POINT SUBTRACT FLOATING-POINT MULTIPLY FLOATING-POINT DIVIDE
216
Ladder Diagram Instructions
Section
5-8
5-8
Ladder Diagram Instructions

Ladder diagram instructions include ladder instructions and logic block instructions and correspond to the conditions on the ladder diagram. Logic block instructions are used to relate more complex parts.
5-8-1 LOAD, LOAD NOT, AND, AND NOT, OR, and OR NOT
Ladder Symbols
B
Operand Data Areas

B: Bit IR, SR, AR, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, TR
LOAD LD
LOAD NOT LD NOT
B: Bit IR, SR, AR, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
AND AND
AND NOT AND NOT
B: Bit
OR OR
IR, SR, AR, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
B: Bit
OR NOT OR NOT
IR, SR, AR, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
There is no limit to the number of any of these instructions, or restrictions in the order in which they must be used, as long as the memory capacity of the PC is not exceeded. These six basic instructions correspond to the conditions on a ladder diagram. As described in Section 4 Ladder-diagram Programming, the status of the bits assigned to each instruction determines the execution conditions for all other instructions. Each of these instructions and each bit address can be used as many times as required. Each can be used in as many of these instructions as required. The status of the bit operand (B) assigned to LD or LD NOT determines the first execution condition. AND takes the logical AND between the execution condition and the status of its bit operand; AND NOT, the logical AND between the execution condition and the inverse of the status of its bit operand. OR takes the logical OR between the execution condition and the status of its bit operand; OR NOT, the logical OR between the execution condition and the inverse of the status of its bit operand.
Description
Flags
There are no flags affected by these instructions.
217
Bit Control Instructions
Section
5-9
5-8-2 AND LOAD and OR LOAD

AND LOAD AND LD
00000 00002
Ladder Symbol
00001
00003
OR LOAD OR LD
00000 00001
Ladder Symbol
00002 00003
Description
When instructions are combined into blocks that cannot be logically combined using only OR and AND operations, AND LD and OR LD are used. Whereas AND and OR operations logically combine a bit status and an execution condition, AND LD and OR LD logically combine two execution conditions, the current one and the last unused one. In order to draw ladder diagrams, it is not necessary to use AND LD and OR LD instructions, nor are they necessary when inputting ladder diagrams directly, as is possible from the CX-Programmer. They are required, however, to convert the program to and input it in mnemonic form. In order to reduce the number of programming instructions required, a basic understanding of logic block instructions is required. For an introduction to logic blocks, refer to 4-3-6 Logic Block Instructions. There are no flags affected by these instructions.
Flags
5-9

There are seven instructions that can be used generally to control individual bit status. These are OUT, OUT NOT, DIFU(13), DIFD(14), SET, RSET, and KEEP(11). These instructions are used to turn bits ON and OFF in different ways.
5-9-1 OUTPUT and OUTPUT NOT OUT and OUT NOT

OUTPUT OUT Ladder Symbol Operand Data Areas
B: Bit B IR, SR, AR, HR, LR, TR
OUTPUT NOT OUT NOT
Ladder Symbol
Operand Data Areas

B: Bit B IR, SR, AR, HR, LR
Limitations Description
Any output bit can generally be used in only one instruction that controls its status. OUT and OUT NOT are used to control the status of the designated bit according to the execution condition.
218
Section
5-9
OUT turns ON the designated bit for an ON execution condition, and turns OFF the designated bit for an OFF execution condition. With a TR bit, OUT appears at a branching point rather than at the end of an instruction line. Refer to 4-3-8 Branching Instruction Lines for details. OUT NOT turns ON the designated bit for a OFF execution condition, and turns OFF the designated bit for an ON execution condition. OUT and OUT NOT can be used to control execution by turning ON and OFF bits that are assigned to conditions on the ladder diagram, thus determining execution conditions for other instructions. This is particularly helpful and allows a complex set of conditions to be used to control the status of a single work bit, and then that work bit can be used to control other instructions. The length of time that a bit is ON or OFF can be controlled by combining the OUT or OUT NOT with TIM. Refer to Examples under 5-16-1 TIMER TIM for details.
Flags
5-9-2 SET and RESET SET and RSET

Ladder Symbols SET B Operand Data Areas
B: Bit IR, SR, AR, HR, LR
RSET B
Description
SET turns the operand bit ON when the execution condition is ON, and does not affect the status of the operand bit when the execution condition is OFF. RSET turns the operand bit OFF when the execution condition is ON, and does not affect the status of the operand bit when the execution condition is OFF. The operation of SET differs from that of OUT because the OUT instruction turns the operand bit OFF when its execution condition is OFF. Likewise, RSET differs from OUT NOT because OUT NOT turns the operand bit ON when its execution condition is OFF.
Precautions
The status of operand bits for SET and RSET programmed between IL(02) and ILC(03), or JMP(04) and JME(05), will not change when the interlock or jump condition is met (i.e., when IL(02) or JMP(04) is executed with an OFF execution condition). There are no flags affected by these instructions. The following examples demonstrate the difference between OUT and SET/ RSET. In the first example (Diagram A), IR 10000 will be turned ON or OFF whenever IR 00000 goes ON or OFF.
Flags Examples
219
Section
5-9
In the second example (Diagram B), IR 10000 will be turned ON when IR 00001 goes ON and will remain ON (even if IR 00001 goes OFF) until IR 00002 goes ON.
00000 10000
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD OUT
Diagram A
00001 SET 10000 00002 RSET 10000
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003
Instruction LD SET LD RSET
Operands 00001 10000 00002 10000
Diagram B
5-9-3 KEEP KEEP(11)

Ladder Symbol
S KEEP(11) B R
Operand Data Areas

Limitations
Any output bit can generally be used in only one instruction that controls its status. KEEP(11) is used to maintain the status of the designated bit based on two execution conditions. These execution conditions are labeled S and R. S is the set input; R, the reset input. KEEP(11) operates like a latching relay that is set by S and reset by R. When S turns ON, the designated bit will go ON and stay ON until reset, regardless of whether S stays ON or goes OFF. When R turns ON, the designated bit will go OFF and stay OFF until reset, regardless of whether R stays ON or goes OFF. The relationship between execution conditions and KEEP(11) bit status is shown below.
Description
S execution condition R execution condition
Status of B
Flags
There are no flags affected by this instruction.
220

Precautions
Section
5-9
Exercise caution when using a KEEP reset line that is controlled by an external normally closed device. Never use an input bit in an inverse condition on the reset (R) for KEEP(11) when the input device uses an AC power supply. The delay in shutting down the PCs DC power supply (relative to the AC power supply to the input device) can cause the designated bit of KEEP(11) to be reset. This situation is shown below.
Input Unit A S KEEP(11)
NEVER
A R
Bits used in KEEP are not reset in interlocks. Refer to the 5-12 INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR IL(02) and ILC(03) for details.
5-9-4 DIFFERENTIATE UP and DOWN DIFU(13) and DIFD(14)

Ladder Symbols DIFU(13) B Operand Data Areas
DIFD(14) B
Any output bit can generally be used in only one instruction that controls its status. DIFU(13) and DIFD(14) are used to turn the designated bit ON for one cycle only. Whenever executed, DIFU(13) compares its current execution with the previous execution condition. If the previous execution condition was OFF and the current one is ON, DIFU(13) will turn ON the designated bit. If the previous execution condition was ON and the current execution condition is either ON or OFF, DIFU(13) will either turn the designated bit OFF or leave it OFF (i.e., if the designated bit is already OFF). The designated bit will thus never be ON for longer than one cycle, assuming it is executed each cycle (see Precautions, below). Whenever executed, DIFD(14) compares its current execution with the previous execution condition. If the previous execution condition was ON and the current one is OFF, DIFD(14) will turn ON the designated bit. If the previous execution condition was OFF and the current execution condition is either ON or OFF, DIFD(14) will either turn the designated bit OFF or leave it OFF. The designated bit will thus never be ON for longer than one cycle, assuming it is executed each cycle (see Precautions, below). These instructions are used when differentiated instructions (i.e., those prefixed with an @) are not available and single-cycle execution of a particular instruction is desired. They can also be used with non-differentiated forms of instructions that have differentiated forms when their use will simplify programming. Examples of these are shown below.
Flags
221
INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR IL(02) and ILC(03)

Precautions
Section 5-12
DIFU(13) and DIFD(14) operation can be uncertain when the instructions are programmed between IL and ILC, between JMP and JME, or in subroutines. Refer to 5-12 INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR IL(02) and ILC(03), 5-13 JUMP and JUMP END JMP(04) and JME(05), 5-27 Subroutine Instructions, and 5-28-8 INTERRUPT CONTROL INT(89). In this example, IR 10014 will be turned ON for one cycle when IR 00000 goes from OFF to ON. IR 10015 will be turned ON for one cycle when IR 00000 goes from ON to OFF.
DIFU(13) 10014
Example
00000
Address 00000 00001 00002
Instruction LD DIFU(13) DIFD(14)
Operands 00000 10014 10015
DIFD(14) 10015
5-10 NO OPERATION NOP(00)

Description NOP(00) is not generally required in programming and there is no ladder symbol for it. When NOP(00) is found in a program, nothing is executed and the program execution moves to the next instruction. When memory is cleared prior to programming, NOP(00) is written at all addresses. NOP(00) can be input through the 00 function code. There are no flags affected by NOP(00).
Flags
5-11 END END(01)

Ladder Symbol Description END(01)
END(01) is required as the last instruction in any program. If there are subroutines, END(01) is placed after the last subroutine. No instruction written after END(01) will be executed. END(01) can be placed anywhere in the program to execute all instructions up to that point, as is sometimes done to debug a program, but it must be removed to execute the remainder of the program. If there is no END(01) in the program, no instructions will be executed and the error message NO END INST will appear. END(01) turns OFF the ER, CY, GR, EQ, LE, OF, and UF Flags.
Flags
5-12 INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR IL(02) and ILC(03)

Ladder Symbol IL(02)
Ladder Symbol Description
ILC(03)
IL(02) is always used in conjunction with ILC(03) to create interlocks. Interlocks are used to enable branching in the same way as can be achieved with TR bits, but treatment of instructions between IL(02) and ILC(03) differs from that with TR bits when the execution condition for IL(02) is OFF. If the execution condition of IL(02) is ON, the program will be executed as written, with an ON execution condition used to start each instruction line from the point where IL(02) is located through the next ILC(03). Refer to 4-3-8 Branching Instruction Lines for basic descriptions of both methods.
222
INTERLOCK and INTERLOCK CLEAR IL(02) and ILC(03)
Section 5-12
If the execution condition for IL(02) is OFF, the interlocked section between IL(02) and ILC(03) will be treated as shown in the following table:
Instruction OUT and OUT NOT TIM and TIMH(15) CNT, CNTR(12) KEEP(11) DIFU(13) and DIFD(14) All other instructions Reset. PV maintained. Bit status maintained. Not executed (see below). The instructions are not executed, and all IR, AR, LR, HR, and SR bits and words written to as operands in the instructions are turned OFF. Treatment Designated bit turned OFF.
IL(02) and ILC(03) do not necessarily have to be used in pairs. IL(02) can be used several times in a row, with each IL(02) creating an interlocked section through the next ILC(03). ILC(03) cannot be used unless there is at least one IL(02) between it and any previous ILC(03). DIFU(13) and DIFD(14) in Interlocks Changes in the execution condition for a DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) are not recorded if the DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) is in an interlocked section and the execution condition for the IL(02) is OFF. When DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) is execution in an interlocked section immediately after the execution condition for the IL(02) has gone ON, the execution condition for the DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) will be compared to the execution condition that existed before the interlock became effective (i.e., before the interlock condition for IL(02) went OFF). The ladder diagram and bit status changes for this are shown below. The interlock is in effect while 00000 is OFF. Notice that 01000 is not turned ON at the point labeled A even though 00001 has turned OFF and then back ON.
00000 IL(02) 00001 DIFU(13) 01000 ILC(03)
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004
Instruction LD IL(02) LD DIFU(13) ILC(03)
Operands 00000 00001 01000
A
ON
00000 00001 01000
OFF ON OFF ON OFF
Precautions
There must be an ILC(03) following any one or more IL(02). Although as many IL(02) instructions as are necessary can be used with one ILC(03), ILC(03) instructions cannot be used consecutively without at least one IL(02) in between, i.e., nesting is not possible. Whenever a ILC(03) is executed, all interlocks between the active ILC(03) and the preceding ILC(03) are cleared. When more than one IL(02) is used with a single ILC(03), an error message will appear when the program check is performed, but execution will proceed normally.
Flags
223
JUMP and JUMP END JMP(04) and JME(05)

Example
00000 IL(02) 00001 TIM 127 #0015 00002 IL(02) 00003 00100 00004 CP R CNT 001 IR 010 001.5 s
Section 5-13
The following diagram shows IL(02) being used twice with one ILC(03).
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009 00010 00011 00012 00013 Instruction LD IL(02) LD TIM # LD IL(02) LD AND NOT LD LD CNT LD OUT ILC(03) Operands 00000 00001 127 0015 00002 00003 00004 00100 00100 001 010 00005 00502
00005 00502
ILC(03)
When the execution condition for the first IL(02) is OFF, TIM 127 will be reset to 1.5 s, CNT 001 will not be changed, and 00502 will be turned OFF. When the execution condition for the first IL(02) is ON and the execution condition for the second IL(02) is OFF, TIM 127 will be executed according to the status of 00001, CNT 001 will not be changed, and 00502 will be turned OFF. When the execution conditions for both the IL(02) are ON, the program will execute as written.
5-13 JUMP and JUMP END JMP(04) and JME(05)

Ladder Symbols JMP(04) N Definer Values
N: Jump number # N: Jump number #
JME(05) N
Limitations
Jump numbers 01 through 99 may be used only once in JMP(04) and once in JME(05), i.e., each can be used to define one jump only. Jump number 00 can be used as many times as desired. Jump numbers run from 00 through 99. JMP(04) is always used in conjunction with JME(05) to create jumps, i.e., to skip from one point in a ladder diagram to another point. JMP(04) defines the point from which the jump will be made; JME(05) defines the destination of the jump. When the execution condition for JMP(04) is ON, no jump is made and the program is executed consecutively as written. When the execution condition for JMP(04) is OFF, a jump is made to the JME(05) with the same jump number and the instruction following JME(05) is executed next. If the jump number for JMP(04) is between 01 and 99, jumps, when made, will go immediately to JME(05) with the same jump number without executing any instructions in between. The status of timers, counters, bits used in OUT, bits used in OUT NOT, and all other status bits controlled by the instructions between JMP(04) and JMP(05) will not be changed. Each of these jump numbers can be used to define only one jump. Because all of instructions between JMP(04) and JME(05) are skipped, jump numbers 01 through 99 can be used to reduce cycle time.
Description
224
User Error Instructions
Section 5-14
Jump Number 00 If the jump number for JMP(04) is 00, the CPU Unit will look for the next JME(05) with a jump number of 00. To do so, it must search through the program, causing a longer cycle time (when the execution condition is OFF) than for other jumps. The status of timers, counters, bits used in OUT, bits used in OUT NOT, and all other status controlled by the instructions between JMP(04) 00 and JMP(05) 00 will not be changed. Jump number 00 can be used as many times as desired. A jump from JMP(04) 00 will always go to the next JME(05) 00 in the program. It is thus possible to use JMP(04) 00 consecutively and match them all with the same JME(05) 00. It makes no sense, however, to use JME(05) 00 consecutively, because all jumps made to them will end at the first JME(05) 00.
DIFU(13) and DIFD(14) in Jumps
Although DIFU(13) and DIFD(14) are designed to turn ON the designated bit for one cycle, they will not necessarily do so when written between JMP(04) and JMP (05). Once either DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) has turned ON a bit, it will remain ON until the next time DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) is executed again. In normal programming, this means the next cycle. In a jump, this means the next time the jump from JMP(04) to JME(05) is not made, i.e., if a bit is turned ON by DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) and then a jump is made in the next cycle so that DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) are skipped, the designated bit will remain ON until the next time the execution condition for the JMP(04) controlling the jump is ON. When JMP(04) and JME(05) are not used in pairs, an error message will appear when the program check is performed. This message also appears if JMP(04) 00 and JME(05) 00 are not used in pairs, but the program will execute properly as written. There are no flags affected by these instructions. Examples of jump programs are provided in 4-3-9 Jumps.
Precautions
Flags Examples
5-14 User Error Instructions: FAILURE ALARM AND RESET FAL(06) and SEVERE FAILURE ALARM FALS(07)
Ladder Symbols FAL(06) N @FAL(06) N Definer Data Areas
N: FAL number # (00 to 99) N: FAL number # (01 to 99)
FALS(07) N
Description
FAL(06) and FALS(07) are provided so that the programmer can output error numbers for use in operation, maintenance, and debugging. When executed with an ON execution condition, either of these instructions will output a FAL number to bits 00 to 07 of SR 253. The FAL number that is output can be between 01 and 99 and is input as the definer for FAL(06) or FALS(07). FAL(06) with a definer of 00 is used to reset this area (see below). FAL Area
25307 25300
X101
X100
225
Step Instructions
Section 5-15
FAL(06) produces a non-fatal error and FALS(07) produces a fatal error. When FAL(06) is executed with an ON execution condition, the ALARM/ERROR indicator on the front of the CPU Unit will flash, but PC operation will continue. When FALS(07) is executed with an ON execution condition, the ALARM/ERROR indicator will light and PC operation will stop. The system also generates error codes to the FAL area.
Resetting Errors
FAL error codes will be retained in memory, although only one of these is available in the FAL area. To access the other FAL codes, reset the FAL area by executing FAL(06) 00. Each time FAL(06) 00 is executed, another FAL error will be moved to the FAL area, clearing the one that is already there. FAL error codes are recorded in numerical order. FAL(06) 00 is also used to clear message programmed with the instruction, MSG(46). If the FAL area cannot be cleared, as is generally the case when FALS(07) is executed, first remove the cause of the error and then clear the FAL area through the Programming Console or the CX-Programmer.
5-15 Step Instructions: STEP DEFINE and STEP STARTSTEP(08)/SNXT(09)

Ladder Symbols STEP(08) B STEP(08) Definer Data Areas
B: Control bit IR, AR, HR, LR
SNXT(09) B
B: Control bit IR, AR, HR, LR
All control bits must be in the same word and must be consecutive. The step instructions STEP(08) and SNXT(09) are used together to set up breakpoints between sections in a large program so that the sections can be executed as units and reset upon completion. A section of program will usually be defined to correspond to an actual process in the application. (Refer to the application examples later in this section.) A step is like a normal programming code, except that certain instructions (i.e., END(01), IL(02)/ILC(03), JMP(04)/JME(05), and SBN(92)) may not be included. STEP(08) uses a control bit in the IR or HR areas to define the beginning of a section of the program called a step. STEP(08) does not require an execution condition, i.e., its execution is controlled through the control bit. To start execution of the step, SNXT(09) is used with the same control bit as used for STEP(08). If SNXT(09) is executed with an ON execution condition, the step with the same control bit is executed. If the execution condition is OFF, the step is not executed. The SNXT(09) instruction must be written into the program so that it is executed before the program reaches the step it starts. It can be used at different locations before the step to control the step according to two different execution conditions (see example 2, below). Any step in the program that has not been started with SNXT(09) will not be executed. Once SNXT(09) is used in the program, step execution will continue until STEP(08) is executed without a control bit. STEP(08) without a control bit must be preceded by SNXT(09) with a dummy control bit. The dummy control bit may be any unused IR or HR bit. It cannot be a control bit used in a STEP(08).
226
Step Instructions
Section 5-15
Execution of a step is completed either by execution of the next SNXT(09) or by turning OFF the control bit for the step (see example 3 below). When the step is completed, all of the IR and HR bits in the step are turned OFF and all timers in the step are reset to their SVs. Counters, shift registers, and bits used in KEEP(11) maintain status. Two simple steps are shown below.
00000 SNXT(09) LR 1500
Starts step execution
STEP(08) LR 1500
Step controlled by LR 1500
1st step
00001 SNXT(09) LR 1501
STEP(08) LR 1501
Step controlled by LR 1501
2nd step
00002 SNXT(09) LR 1502
STEP(08)
Ends step execution
Address 00000 00001 00002
Instruction LD SNXT(09) STEP(08)
Operands 00000 1500 1500
Address 00102
Instruction STEP(08)
Operands LR 1501
LR LR
Step controlled by LR 1501. 00200 00201 00202 LD SNXT(09) STEP(08) 00002 1502
Step controlled by LR 1500. 00100 00101 LD SNXT(09) 00001 1501
LR ---
LR
Steps can be programmed in consecutively. Each step must start with STEP(08) and generally ends with SNXT(09) (see example 3, below, for an exception). When steps are programmed in series, three types of execution are possible: sequential, branching, or parallel. The execution conditions for, and the positioning of, SNXT(09) determine how the steps are executed. The three examples given below demonstrate these three types of step execution. Precautions Interlocks, jumps, SBN(92), and END(01) cannot be used within step programs. Bits used as control bits must not be used anywhere else in the program unless they are being used to control the operation of the step (see example 3, below). All control bits must be in the same word and must be consecutive. If IR or LR bits are used for control bits, their status will be lost during any power interruption. If it is necessary to maintain status to resume execution at the same step, HR bits must be used.
227
Timer and Counter Instructions

Flags
Section 5-16
25407: Step Start Flag; turns ON for one cycle when STEP(08) is executed and can be used to reset counters in steps as shown below if necessary.
00000 SNXT(09) 01000 01000 STEP(08) 01000 00100 Start
CP CNT 01 25407
25407
#0003
1 cycle
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003
Instruction LD SNXT(09) STEP(08) LD
Operands 00000 01000 01000 00100
Address 00004 00005
Instruction LD CNT #
Operands 25407 01 0003
5-16 Timer and Counter Instructions

TIM and TIMH(15) are decrementing ON-delay timer instructions which require a TIM/CNT number and a set value (SV). STIM(69) is used to control the interval timers, which are used to activate interrupt routines. CNT is a decrementing counter instruction and CNTR(12) is a reversible counter instruction. Both require a TIM/CNT number and a SV. Both are also connected to multiple instruction lines which serve as an input signal(s) and a reset. CTBL(63), INT(89), and PRV(62) are used to manage the high-speed counter. INT(89) is also used to stop pulse output. Any one TIM/CNT number cannot be defined twice, i.e., once it has been used as the definer in any of the timer or counter instructions, it cannot be used again. Once defined, TIM/CNT numbers can be used as many times as required as operands in instructions other than timer and counter instructions. TIM/CNT numbers run from 000 through 511. No prefix is required when using a TIM/CNT number as a definer in a timer or counter instruction. Once defined as a timer, a TIM/CNT number can be prefixed with TIM for use as an operand in certain instructions. The TIM prefix is used regardless of the timer instruction that was used to define the timer. Once defined as a counter, a TIM/CNT number can be prefixed with CNT for use as an operand in certain instructions. The CNT is also used regardless of the counter instruction that was used to define the counter. TIM/CNT numbers can be designated as operands that require either bit or word data. When designated as an operand that requires bit data, the TIM/CNT number accesses a bit that functions as a Completion Flag that indicates when the time/count has expired, i.e., the bit, which is normally OFF, will turn ON when the designated SV has expired. When designated as an operand that requires word data, the TIM/CNT number accesses a memory location that holds the present value (PV) of the timer or counter. The PV of a timer or counter can thus be used as an operand in CMP(20), or any other instruction for which the TIM/CNT area is allowed. This is done by designating the TIM/CNT number used to define that timer or counter to access the memory location that holds the PV.
228
Section 5-16
Note that TIM 000 is used to designate the TIMER instruction defined with TIM/ CNT number 000, to designate the Completion Flag for this timer, and to designate the PV of this timer. The meaning of the term in context should be clear, i.e., the first is always an instruction, the second is always a bit operand, and the third is always a word operand. The same is true of all other TIM/CNT numbers prefixed with TIM or CNT. An SV can be input as a constant or as a word address in a data area. If an IR area word assigned to an Input Unit is designated as the word address, the Input Unit can be wired so that the SV can be set externally through thumbwheel switches or similar devices. Timers and counters wired in this way can only be set externally during RUN or MONITOR mode. All SVs, including those set externally, must be in BCD.
5-16-1 TIMER TIM

Definer Values Ladder Symbol
TIM N SV
N: TIM/CNT number #
Operand Data Areas

SV: Set value (word, BCD) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR, #
Limitations
SV is between 000.0 and 999.9. The decimal point is not entered. The EM area is available in CQM1H-CPU61 CPU Units only. Each TIM/CNT number can be used as the definer in only one TIMER or COUNTER instruction. TIM/CNT 000 through TIM/CNT 015 should not be used in TIM if they are required for TIMH(15). Refer to 5-16-4 HIGH-SPEED TIMER TIMH(15) for details.
Description
A timer is activated when its execution condition goes ON and is reset (to SV) when the execution condition goes OFF. Once activated, TIM measures in units of 0.1 second from the SV. If the execution condition remains ON long enough for TIM to time down to zero, the Completion Flag for the TIM/CNT number used will turn ON and will remain ON until TIM is reset (i.e., until its execution condition is goes OFF). The following figure illustrates the relationship between the execution condition for TIM and the Completion Flag assigned to it.
ON
Execution condition
OFF ON
Completion Flag
OFF
SV
SV
Precautions
Timers in interlocked program sections are reset when the execution condition for IL(02) is OFF. Power interruptions also reset timers. If a timer that is not reset under these conditions is desired, SR area clock pulse bits can be counted to produce timers using CNT. Refer to 5-16-2 COUNTER CNT for details.
229
Section 5-16
Note The timer set value must be BCD between #0000 and #9999. Operation will be as follows if #0000 or #0001 is set. If #0000 is set, the Completion Flag will turn ON as soon as the timers execution condition turns ON. If #0001 is set, the Completion Flag may turn ON as soon as the timers execution condition turns ON because timer accuracy is 0 to 0.1 s. Consider the timer accuracy ( 0 to 0.1 s) when determining the proper set value. Flags ER: SV is not in BCD. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
5-16-2 COUNTER CNT

CP R CNT N SV
N: TIM/CNT number #
Operand Data Areas

Limitations
Each TIM/CNT number can be used as the definer in only one TIMER or COUNTER instruction. The EM area is available in CQM1H-CPU61 CPU Units only. CNT is used to count down from SV when the execution condition on the count pulse, CP, goes from OFF to ON, i.e., the present value (PV) will be decremented by one whenever CNT is executed with an ON execution condition for CP and the execution condition was OFF for the last execution. If the execution condition has not changed or has changed from ON to OFF, the PV of CNT will not be changed. The Completion Flag for a counter is turned ON when the PV reaches zero and will remain ON until the counter is reset. CNT is reset with a reset input, R. When R goes from OFF to ON, the PV is reset to SV. The PV will not be decremented while R is ON. Counting down from SV will begin again when R goes OFF. The PV for CNT will not be reset in interlocked program sections or by power interruptions. Changes in execution conditions, the Completion Flag, and the PV are illustrated below. PV line height is meant only to indicate changes in the PV.
Execution condition on count pulse (CP) Execution condition on reset (R)
ON OFF ON OFF ON
Description
Completion Flag
OFF SV SV 1 SV 2 0002 0001 0000
SV
PV
230

Precautions
Section 5-16
Program execution will continue even if a non-BCD SV is used, but the SV will not be correct. ER: SV is not in BCD. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
Flags
Example
In the following example, CNT is used to create extended timers by counting SR area clock pulse bits. CNT 001 counts the number of times the 1-second clock pulse bit (SR 25502) goes from OFF to ON. Here again, IR 00000 is used to control the times when CNT is operating. Because in this example the SV for CNT 001 is 700, the Completion Flag for CNT 002 turns ON when 1 second x 700 times, or 11 minutes and 40 seconds have expired. This would result in IR 01602 being turned ON.
CP CNT 001
00000 25502
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005
Instruction LD AND LD NOT CNT LD OUT
Operands 00000 25502 00001 001 0700 001 01602
00001
#0700
CNT 001 01602
# CNT
! Caution
The shorter clock pulses will not necessarily produce accurate timers because their short ON times might not be read accurately during longer cycles. In particular, the 0.02-second and 0.1-second clock pulses should not be used to create timers with CNT instructions.
5-16-3 REVERSIBLE COUNTER CNTR(12)

II DI R CNTR(12) N SV
N: TIM/CNT number #
Operand Data Areas

Limitations
Each TIM/CNT number can be used as the definer in only one TIMER or COUNTER instruction. The EM area is available in CQM1H-CPU61 CPU Units only. The CNTR(12) is a reversible, up/down circular counter, i.e., it is used to count between zero and SV according to changes in two execution conditions, those in the increment input (II) and those in the decrement input (DI). The present value (PV) will be incremented by one whenever CNTR(12) is executed with an ON execution condition for II and the last execution condition for II was OFF. The present value (PV) will be decremented by one whenever
Description
231
Section 5-16
CNTR(12) is executed with an ON execution condition for DI and the last execution condition for DI was OFF. If OFF to ON changes have occurred in both II and DI since the last execution, the PV will not be changed. If the execution conditions have not changed or have changed from ON to OFF for both II and DI, the PV of CNT will not be changed. When decremented from 0000, the present value is set to SV and the Completion Flag is turned ON until the PV is decremented again. When incremented past the SV, the PV is set to 0000 and the Completion Flag is turned ON until the PV is incremented again. CNTR(12) is reset with a reset input, R. When R goes from OFF to ON, the PV is reset to zero. The PV will not be incremented or decremented while R is ON. Counting will begin again when R goes OFF. The PV for CNTR(12) will not be reset in interlocked program sections or by the effects of power interruptions. Changes in II and DI execution conditions, the Completion Flag, and the PV are illustrated below starting from part way through CNTR(12) operation (i.e., when reset, counting begins from zero). PV line height is meant to indicate changes in the PV only.
Execution condition on increment (II) Execution condition on decrement (DI)
ON OFF ON OFF ON
Completion Flag
OFF
SV
SV SV 1 0001 0000 0000 SV 2
PV
SV 2
SV 1
Precautions
Program execution will continue even if a non-BCD SV is used, but the SV will not be correct. ER: SV is not in BCD. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
Flags
5-16-4 HIGH-SPEED TIMER TIMH(15)

TIMH(15) N SV
N: TIM/CNT number #
Operand Data Areas

Limitations
SV is between 00.00 and 99.99. (Although 00.00 and 00.01 may be set, 00.00 will disable the timer, i.e., turn ON the Completion Flag immediately, and 00.01 is not reliably scanned.) The decimal point is not entered. The EM area is available in CQM1H-CPU61 CPU Units only.
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Each TIM/CNT number can be used as the definer in only one TIMER or COUNTER instruction. Use TIM/CNT numbers from 000 through 015. Highspeed timers with timer numbers TIM/CNT 016 through TIM/CNT 511 should not be used if the cycle time exceeds 10 ms. Description Precautions TIMH(15) operates in the same way as TIM except that TIMH measures in units of 0.01 second. Refer to 5-16-1 TIMER TIM for operational details. Timers in interlocked program sections are reset when the execution condition for IL(02) is OFF. Power interruptions also reset timers. If a timer that is not reset under these conditions is desired, SR area clock pulse bits can be counted to produce timers using CNT. Refer to 5-16-2 COUNTER CNT for details. Timers in jumped program sections will not be reset when the execution condition for JMP(04) is OFF, but the timer will stop timing if jump number 00 is used. The timers will continue timing if jump numbers 01 through 99) are used. High-speed timers with timer numbers TIM/CNT 000 through TIM/CNT 015 will not be inaccurate when the PC Setup (DM 6629) is set to perform interrupt processing on these timers. High-speed timers with timer numbers TIM/CNT 016 through TIM/CNT 511 will be inaccurate when the cycle time exceeds 10 ms. If the cycle time is greater than 10 ms, use TIM/CNT 000 through TIM/CNT 015 and set DM 6629 for interrupt processing of the timer numbers used. Note The timer set value must be BCD between #0000 and #9999. Operation will be as follows if #0000 or #0001 is set. If #0000 is set, the Completion Flag will turn ON as soon as the timers execution condition turns ON (but there may be a delay if TIM 000 to TIM 015 are used). If #0001 is set, the Completion Flag may turn ON as soon as the timers execution condition turns ON because timer accuracy is 0 to 0.01 s. Consider the timer accuracy ( 0 to 0.01 s) when determining the proper set value. Flags ER: SV is not in BCD. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
Flags
ER:
SV is not in BCD. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
Example
The following example shows a timer set with a constant. 01600 will be turned ON after 00000 goes ON and stays ON for at least 1.5 seconds. When 00000 goes OFF, the timer will be reset and 01600 will be turned OFF.
TIMH(15) 000 #0150
00000
Address
01.50 s
Instruction LD TIMH(15) LD OUT
Operands 00000 000 0150 000 01600
00000 00001 00002 00003
TIM 000 01600
# TIM
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Section 5-16
5-16-5 TOTALIZING TIMER TTIM()

TTIM() N SV RB N: TIM/CNT number # (000 through 511)
Operand Data Areas

SV: Set value (word, BCD) IR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR RB: Reset bit IR, SR, AR, HR, LR
Limitations
SV is between 0000 and 9999 and must be in BCD. The decimal point is not entered. The EM area is available in CQM1H-CPU61 CPU Units only. Each TIM/CNT number can be used as the definer in only one TIMER or COUNTER instruction. TTIM() is used to create a timer that increments the PV every 0.1 s to time between 0.1 and 999.9 s. TTIM() increments in units of 0.1 second from zero. TTIM() accuracy is +0.0/0.1 second. A TTIM() timer will time as long as its execute condition is ON until it reaches the SV or until RB turns ON to reset the timer. TTIM() timers will time only as long as they are executed every cycle, i.e., they do not time, but maintain the current PV, in interlocked program sections or when they are jumped in the program. Note The PVs of decrementing timers such as TIM indicate the time remaining until the timer times out, but the PVs of TTIM() timers indicate the time that has elapsed.The TTIM() PV can be used as is to represent the elapsed time in calculations and displays.
Description
Precautions
The PV will be reset to 0000 and the Completion Flag will be turned OFF when a power interruption occurs or the PC is switched from PROGRAM mode to MONITOR or RUN mode (or vice-versa). The PV of TTIM() in an interlocked program section will be maintained when the execution condition for IL(02) is OFF. The PV will also be maintained in a jumped program section, unlike timers and high-speed timers which continue timing. TTIM() will not operate properly if the cycle time exceeds 0.1 s because the PV is refreshed only when TTIM() is executed and the PV is incremented in 0.1-s units. A delay of one cycle is sometimes required for a Completion Flag to be turned ON after the timer times out because the Completion Flag is refreshed only when TTIM() is executed. TTIM() will not restart after timing out unless the PV is changed to a value below the SV or the reset input is turned ON. Note The timer set value must be BCD between #0000 and #9999. Operation will be as follows if #0000 or #0001 is set. If #0000 is set, the Completion Flag will turn ON as soon as the timers execution condition turns ON. If #0001 is set, the Completion Flag may turn ON as soon as the timers execution condition turns ON because timer accuracy is 0 to 0.1 s.
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Consider the timer accuracy ( 0 to 0.1 s) when determining the proper set value. Flags ER: SV is not in BCD. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) N is not a TIM number. SV is not BCD. RB is not a valid bit address. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) Example The following figure illustrates the relationship between the execution conditions for a totalizing timer with a set value of 2 s, its PV, and the Completion Flag.
00000 TTIM() TIM 000 #0100 20000
Flags
ER:
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD TTIM()
Operands 00000 TIM # 000 0100 20000
Timer input (I: IR 00000) Reset bit (RB: IR 20000) Completion Flag (TIM 000)
Present value: 0100
0000
5-16-6 INTERVAL TIMER STIM(69)

Ladder Symbols
STIM(69) C1 C2 C3 @STIM(69) 000 to 008, 010 to 012 C1 C2: Control data #2 C2 C3 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # C3: Control data #3 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
Operand Data Areas

C1: Control data #1
Limitations
C1 must be 000 to 008 or 010 to 012. If C1 is 000 to 005, a constant greater than 0255 cannot be used for C3. If C1 is 006 to 008, constants and DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for C2 or C3. If C1 is 010 to 012, both C2 and C3 must be set to 000.
235

Description
Section 5-16
STIM(69) is used to control the interval timers by performing four basic functions: starting the timer for a non-shot interrupt, starting the timer for scheduled interrupts, stopping the timer, and reading the timers PV. Set the value of C1 to specify which of these functions will be performed and which of the three interval timers it will be performed on, as shown in the following table. Refer to 1-4-4 Interval Timer Interrupts for more detailed descriptions of using interval timer interrupts. STIM(69) is also described in more detail after the table.
Function Starting timers Timer 0 1 2 0 1 2 0 1 2 0 1 2 C1 value 000 001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 010 011 012
Starting scheduled interrupts
Reading timer PV
Stopping timers
Note
1. Interval timer 0 cannot be used when a pulse output is being output by the SPED(64) instruction. 2. Interval timer 2 cannot be used when high-speed counter 0 operation has been enabled in DM 6642 of the PC Setup. Set C1=000 to 002 to start timers 0 to 2 to activate a one-shot interrupt. Set C1=003 to 005 to start scheduled interrupts using timers 0 to 2. C2, which specifies the timers SV, can be a constant or the first of two words containing the SV. The settings are slightly different depending on the method used. If C2 is a constant, it specifies the initial value of the decrementing counter (BCD, 0000 to 9999). The decrementing time interval is 1 ms. If C2 is a word address, C2 specifies the initial value of the decrementing counter (BCD, 0000 to 9999), and C2+1 specifies the decrementing time interval (BCD, 0005 to 0320) in units of 0.1 ms. The decrementing time interval can thus be 0.5 to 32 ms. C3 specifies subroutine number 0000 to 0255.
Starting Interrupts
Note The time required from interval timer start-up to time-up is: (the content of C2) (the content of C2+1) 0.1 ms Reading Timer PVs Set C1=006 to 008 to read the PVs of timers 0 to 2. C2 specifies the first of two destination words that will receive the timers PV. C2 will receive the number of times the decrementing counter has been decremented (BCD, 0000 to 9999) and C2+1 will receive the decrementing time interval (BCD in 0.1 ms units). C3 specifies the destination word that will receive the time which has elapsed since the last time the timer was decremented (BCD in 0.1 ms units). (Must be equal to or less than the decrementing time interval set in C2+1.) Note The time that has elapsed since the timer was started is computed as follows: (Content of C2 (Content of C2 + 1) + Content of C3) 0.1 ms Stopping Timers Set C1=010 to 012 to stop timers 0 to 2. C2 and C3 have no function and should both be set to 000.
236

Flags ER:
Section 5-16
Interval timer 0 is started while a pulse output is operating. (C1=000 only) Interval timer 2 is started while the high-speed counter 0 is enabled (C1=002 only) Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) A data area boundary has been exceeded.
5-16-7 REGISTER COMPARISON TABLE CTBL(63)

Ladder Symbols
CTBL(63) P C TB @CTBL(63) 000 to 004 or 101 to 104 P C: Control data C TB 000 to 003 TB: First comparison table word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

P: Port specifier
Limitations
The first and last comparison table words must be in the same data area. (The length of the comparison table varies according to the settings.) CTBL(63) cannot be used if the PC Setup (DM 6611) is set to pulse output mode. CTBL(63) is used to register comparison tables and start comparison for highspeed counters. The following table shows the functions of CTBL(63).
Unit/Board CPU Unit Pulse I/O Board Absolute Encoder Interface Board High-speed Counter Board Function High-speed counter 0 (IR 00004 to IR 00006) High-speed counters 1 and 2 Absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2 High-speed counters 1 to 4
Description
The description of CTBL(63) operation is divided into two parts. Refer to page 237 for a description of operation for the CPU Unit, Pulse I/O Board, and Absolute Encoder Interface Board. Refer to page 242 for details on CTBL(63) operation with the High-speed Counter Board. CPU Unit, Pulse I/O Board, and Absolute Encoder Interface Board When the execution condition is OFF, CTBL(63) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, CTBL(63) registers a comparison table for use with the high-speed counter PV. Depending on the value of C, comparison with the highspeed counter PV can begin immediately or it can be started separately with INI(61). The port specifier (P) specifies the high-speed counter that will be used in the comparison.
Unit/Board CPU Unit Pulse I/O Board (See notes 1 and 2) Absolute Encoder Interface Board (See note 1) Function High-speed counter 0 (built-in) 000 High-speed counter 1 High-speed counter 2 High-speed counter 1 High-speed counter 2 001 002 001 002 Port specifier (P)
237

Note
Section 5-16
1. The Pulse I/O Board and Absolute Encoder Interface Board must be installed in slot 2. 2. When a Pulse I/O Board is being used, the mode for ports 1 and 2 must be set to high-speed counter mode in DM 6611 of the PC Setup. CTBL(63) cannot be used if the mode is set to simple positioning mode. The function of CTBL(63) is determined by the control data, C, as shown in the following table. These functions are described after the table.
C 000 001 002 003 CTBL(63) function Registers a target value comparison table and starts comparison. Registers a range comparison table and starts comparison. Registers a target value comparison table. Start comparison with INI(61). Registers a range comparison table. Start comparison with INI(61).
When the PV agrees with a target value or falls within a specified range, the specified subroutine is called and executed. Refer to 1-4-5 High-speed Counter 0 Interrupts for more details on table comparison. If the high-speed counter is enabled in the PC Setup (DM 6642), it will begin counting from zero when the CQM1H begins operation. The PV will not be compared to the comparison table until the table is registered and comparison is initiated with INI(61) or CTBL(63). Comparison can be stopped and started, or the PV can be reset with INI(61). Once a comparison table has been registered, it is valid until the CQM1H is halted or until an error occurs in attempting to register a new table. The differentiated form of CTBL(63) is recommended when possible to reduce cycle time. Target Value Comparison For high-speed counter 0 in the CPU Unit, up to 16 target values can be registered. A subroutine number (1 to 16) is also registered for each target value. For high-speed counters 1 and 2 on a Pulse I/O Board or Absolute Encoder Interface Board, up to 48 target values can be registered. A subroutine number (1 to 48) is also registered for each target value. In either case, the corresponding subroutine is called and executed when the PV matches a target value. (When interrupt processing is not required, an undefined subroutine number may be entered.)
Match Target value 1 High-speed counter PV Target value 2

S S S
Execute subroutine. Execute subroutine.

S S S
Target value 16/48
Execute subroutine.
Target value comparisons are performed one item at a time in order of the comparison table. When the PV reaches the first target value in the table, the interrupt subroutine is executed and comparison continues to the next value in the table. When processing has been completed for the last target value in the table, comparison returns to the first value in the table and the process is repeated. The following diagram shows the structure of a target value comparison table for use with the CPU Units built-in high-speed counter 0 or the Pulse I/O Boards
238
Section 5-16
high-speed counters 1 or 2 set for linear counting. The number of target values can be 0001 to 0048.
TB TB+1 TB+2 TB+3 Number of target values (BCD) Target value #1, lower 4 digits (BCD) Target value #1, upper 4 digits (BCD) Subroutine number (See note 1.)
One target value setting
The following diagram shows the structure of a target value comparison table for use with the Pulse I/O Boards high-speed counters 1 or 2 set for ring counting. Input the target values in ascending or descending order. The ring value specifies the number of points in the ring and the maximum count value (ring value = max. count value+1). The ring value can be 0 to 65, 000. Do not change the ring value while a comparison is in progress.
TB TB+1 TB+2 TB+3 TB+4 TB+5 Ring value, lower 4 digits (BCD) Ring value, upper 4 digits (BCD) Number of target values (BCD) Target value #1, lower 4 digits (BCD) Target value #1, upper 4 digits (BCD) Subroutine number (See note 1.) Ring value setting
The following diagram shows the structure of a target value comparison table for use with the Absolute Encoder Interface Boards high-speed counters 1 and 2. Input the target values in ascending or descending order. The number of target values can be 0001 to 0048.
TB TB+1 TB+2 Number of target values (BCD) Target value #1 (BCD) Subroutine number (See note 1.)
Note
1. The subroutine number can be F000 to F255 to activate the subroutine when decrementing and can be 0000 to 0255 to activate the subroutine when incrementing. 2. Allow an interval of at least 0.2 ms for interrupt processing when setting the target value for high-speed counters 1 and 2. Target Value Comparison Operation The following diagram illustrates the operation of target value comparisons for target values 1 through 5 set consecutively in the comparison table.
Count Interrupts
Initial value Target 1 Target 2 Target 3 Target 4 Target 5
As illustrated above, the current count is compared with each target value in the order that they are registered in the target value comparison table. When the
239
Section 5-16
count is the same as the current target value, an interrupt is generated, and comparison starts with the next target value. When all target values in the comparison table have been matched and interrupts for them generated, the target value is reset to the first target value in the table and the operation is repeated. Range Comparison A range comparison table contains 8 ranges which are defined by an 8-digit lower limit and an 8-digit upper limit, as well as their corresponding subroutine numbers. The corresponding subroutine is called and executed when the PV falls within a given range. (When interrupt processing is not required, an undefined subroutine number may be entered.)
Within range Lower limit 1 Upper limit 1 High-speed counter PV Lower limit 2 Upper limit 2
S S S
Execute subroutine. Execute subroutine.

S S S
Lower limit 8 Upper limit 8
Execute subroutine.
Always set 8 ranges. If fewer than 8 ranges are needed, set the remaining subroutine numbers to FFFF. If more than 8 ranges are needed, another comparison instruction such as BCMP(68) can be used to compare ranges with the highspeed counter PVs in IR 230 through IR 235. Bear in mind that these words are refreshed just once each cycle. There are flags in the AR area which indicate when a high-speed counters PV falls within one or more of the 8 ranges. The flags turn ON when a PV is within the corresponding range.
Counter High-speed counter 0 High-speed counter 1 High-speed counter 2 AR area flags AR 1100 to AR 1107 correspond to ranges 1 to 8. AR 0500 to AR 0507 correspond to ranges 1 to 8. AR 0600 to AR 0607 correspond to ranges 1 to 8.
The following diagram shows the structure of a range comparison table for use with the CPU Units built-in high-speed counter 0 or the Pulse I/O Boards highspeed counters 1 or 2 set for linear counting.
TB TB+1 TB+2 TB+3 TB+4
Lower limit #1, lower 4 digits (BCD) Lower limit #1, upper 4 digits (BCD) Upper limit #1, lower 4 digits (BCD) Upper limit #1, upper 4 digits (BCD) Subroutine number (See note 1.)
First range setting
TB+35 TB+36 TB+37 TB+38 TB+39
Eighth range setting
240
Section 5-16
The following diagram shows the structure of a range comparison table for use with the Pulse I/O Boards high-speed counters 1 or 2 set for ring counting. The ring value specifies the number of points in the ring and the maximum count value (ring value = max. count value+1); the setting range fro the ring value is 0 to 65,000. Do not change the ring value while a comparison is in progress.
TB TB+1 TB+3 TB+4 TB+5 TB+6 TB+7 Ring value, lower 4 digits (BCD) Ring value, upper 4 digits (BCD) Lower limit #1, lower 4 digits (BCD) Lower limit #1, upper 4 digits (BCD) Upper limit #1, lower 4 digits (BCD) Upper limit #1, upper 4 digits (BCD) Subroutine number (See note 1.)
Ring value setting
First range setting
TB+37 TB+38 TB+39 TB+40 TB+41
The following diagram shows the structure of a range comparison table for use with the Absolute Encoder Interface Boards high-speed counters 1 and 2.
TB TB+2 TB+4 Lower limit #1(BCD) Upper limit #1 (BCD) Subroutine number (See note 1.)
First range setting
TB+21 TB+22 TB+23
Lower limit #8 (BCD) Upper limit #8 (BCD) Subroutine number (See note 1.)
Note
1. The subroutine number can be 0000 to 0255 and the subroutine will be executed as long as the counters PV is within the specified range. A value of FFFF indicates that no subroutine is to be executed. 2. Allow a time interval of at least 2 ms between the lower and upper limits (upper limit lower limit > 0.002 input pulse frequency) in range comparisons with high-speed counters 1 and 2. The following table shows the possible values for target values, lower limit values, and upper limit values. The hexadecimal value F in the most significant digit indicates that the value is negative.
Counter High-speed counter 0 (CPU Unit) High-speed counters 1 and 2 (Pulse I/O Board) Absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2 (Absolute Encoder Interface Board) Possible values Differential phase mode: F003 2768 to 0003 2767 Incrementing mode: 0000 0000 to 0006 5535 Linear counting: F838 8607 to 0838 8608 Ring counting: 0000 0000 to 0006 4999 BCD mode: 0000 to 4095 360 mode: 0000 to 0355 (5 units)
In 360 mode the absolute high-speed counters angular values are internally converted to binary values. The binary value after conversion depends on the resolution selected in the PC Setup (DM 6643 and/or DM 6644). The following table shows the converted values for 5 to 45.
241

Resolution 8-bit (0 to 255) 10-bit (0 to 1023) 12-bit (0 to 4095) Converted value 5 4 14 57 10 7 28 114 15 11 43 171 20 14 57 228 25 18 71 284 30 21 85 341
Section 5-16
35 25 100 398
40 28 114 455
45 32 128 512
For higher values, find the converted value to the nearest 45 and add the remainder from the table. For example, to convert 145 into 8-bit resolution: 323 (for 135) + 7 (for 10) = 103. ! Caution With 10-bit and 12-bit resolution, interrupt processing might not be triggered when the angular value matches the comparison value because the converted values do not match exactly. Range Comparison Operation The following diagram illustrates the operation of range comparisons for range settings 1 through 4 set consecutively in the comparison table.
0 Count Range 1 Range 2 Range 3 Range 4
As illustrated above, the current count is compared against all the comparison ranges at the same time and the result for each range is output. AR Area Flags The following AR area flags indicate the status of comparison operations for high-speed counter 0 in the CPU Unit and high-speed counters 1 and 2 in the Pulse I/O Board or Absolute Encoder Interface Board.
Word AR 05 Bit(s) 00 to 07 Operation High-speed Counter 1 (Port 1) Range Comparison Flags Bits 00 to 07 will be turned ON when the counter PV is within the corresponding range (1 to 8). High-speed Counter 1 (Port 1) Comparison Flag This flag will be ON during PV comparison. High-speed Counter 1 (Port 1) Overflow/Underflow Flag This flag will be ON when an overflow or underflow occurred. High-speed Counter 2 (Port 2) Range Comparison Flags Bits 00 to 07 will be turned ON when the counter PV is within the corresponding range (1 to 8). High-speed Counter 2 (Port 2) Comparison Flag This flag will be ON during PV comparison. High-speed Counter 2 (Port 2) Overflow/Underflow Flag This flag will be ON when an overflow or underflow occurred. High-speed Counter 0 Range Comparison Flags Bits 00 to 07 will be turned ON when the counter PV is within the corresponding range (1 to 8).
08 09 AR 06 00 to 07
08 09 AR 11 00 to 07
Operation with the High-speed Counter Board
When the execution condition is OFF, CTBL(63) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, CTBL(63) registers a comparison table for use with the high-speed counter PV. Depending on the value of C, comparison with the highspeed counter PV can begin immediately or it can be started separately with INI(61). The port specifier (P) specifies which one of the High-speed Counter Boards high-speed counters will be used in the comparison.
242

Function High-speed counter 1 High-speed counter 2 High-speed counter 3 High-speed counter 4 Port specifier (P) For a Board in slot 1 101 102 103 104
Section 5-16
For a Board in slot 2 001 002 003 004
The function of CTBL(63) is determined by the control data, C, as shown in the following table. These functions are described after the table.
C 000 001 002 003 CTBL(63) function Registers a target value comparison table and starts comparison. Registers a range comparison table and starts comparison. Registers a target value comparison table. Start comparison with INI(61). Registers a range comparison table. Start comparison with INI(61).
When the PV agrees with a target value or falls within a specified range, a bit pattern is output to the allocated IR word. Refer to 1-4-5 High-speed Counter 0 Interrupts for more details on table comparison. If the high-speed counter is enabled in the PC Setup (DM 6642), it will begin counting from zero when the CQM1H begins operation. The PV will not be compared to the comparison table until the table is registered and comparison is initiated with INI(61) or CTBL(63). Comparison can be stopped and started, or the PV can be reset with INI(61). Once a comparison table has been registered, it is valid until the CQM1H is halted or until a error occurs in attempting to register a new table. The differentiated form of CTBL(63) is recommended when possible to reduce cycle time. Target Value Comparison Up to 48 target values can be registered. A bit pattern is also registered for each target value. The registered bit pattern is output to the allocated IR word when the PV matches a target value. The High-speed Counter Board does not generate interrupts; the registered bit pattern is reflected in the allocated IR word and at the external outputs.
Compare Target value 1 High-speed counter PV Target value 2
S S S
Match 11 Bit pattern 1 Bit pattern 2

S S S
0 (see note) (see note)
Target value 48
Bit pattern 48
(see note)
Note Bit patterns 1 to 48 are configured as follows:

11 IR 208 to IR 211 or IR 240 to IR 243 87 0
External bit pattern
Internal bit pattern (8 bits)
Takes the logical OR of the same 4 bits in IR 208 to IR 211 or IR 240 to IR 243 and outputs the result to the 4 external outputs.
243
Section 5-16
Target value comparisons are performed one item at a time in order of the comparison table. When the PV reaches the first target value in the table, the bit pattern is output to the allocated IR word and comparison continues to the next value in the table. When processing has been completed for the last target value in the table, comparison returns to the first value in the table and the process is repeated. The following diagram shows the structure of a target value comparison table for use with high-speed counters 1 to 4 when set for linear counting.
TB TB+1 TB+2 TB+3 Number of target values (BCD) Target value #1, lower 4 digits (BCD) Target value #1, upper 4 digits (BCD) Bit pattern #1
The following diagram shows the structure of a target value comparison table for use with high-speed counters 1 to 4 when set for ring counting. Input the target values in ascending or descending order. The ring value specifies the number of points in the ring and the maximum count value (ring value = max. count value+1). Do not change the ring value while a comparison is in progress.
TB TB+1 TB+2 TB+3 TB+4 TB+5 Ring value, lower 4 digits (BCD) Ring value, upper 4 digits (BCD) Number of target values (BCD) Target value #1, lower 4 digits (BCD) Target value #1, upper 4 digits (BCD) Bit pattern #1
Ring value setting
Target values 1 to 48 and bit patterns 1 to 48 are stored in the comparison table. Bits 0 to 7 of the bit pattern are stored as the internal bit pattern. Bits 8 to 11 are stored as the external bit pattern, the logical OR of these bits is calculated for the four high-speed counters, and the result is output to external outputs 1 to 4. The following example shows how the bit patterns for high-speed counters 1 to 4 are ORed to produce the resulting output at the external outputs.
Slot 1 Slot 2 Bit 11 0 11 High-speed counter 2 comparison results (IR 209 or IR 241) High-speed counter 3 comparison results (IR 210 or IR 242) High-speed counter 4 comparison results (IR 211 or IR 243) 0 11 0 11 0 10 0 10 0 10 1 10 0 09 0 09 1 09 0 09 0 08 1 08 0 08 0 08 0 Calculate the logical OR and output.
High-speed counter 1 comparison results (IR 208 or IR 240)
External output 1: ON External output 2: ON External output 3: ON External output 4: OFF
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Target Value Comparison Operation The following diagram illustrates the operation of target value comparisons for target values 1 through 5 set consecutively in the comparison table.
Count Bit pattern output
Initial value Target 1 Target 2 Target 3 Target 4 Target 5
As illustrated above, the current count is compared with each target value in the order that they are registered in the target value comparison table. When the count is the same as the current target value, the registered bit pattern is output to the allocated IR word, and comparison starts with the next target value. When all target values in the comparison table have been matched and their bit patterns have been output, the target value is reset to the first target value in the table and the operation is repeated. Range Comparison A range comparison table contains 8 ranges which are defined by an 8-digit lower limit and an 8-digit upper limit, as well as the bit pattern. The registered bit pattern is output to the allocated IR word when the PV falls within a given range. The High-speed Counter Board does not generate interrupts; the registered bit pattern is reflected in the allocated IR word and at the external outputs.
Compare Lower limit 1 Upper limit 1 High-speed counter PV Lower limit 2 Upper limit 2
S S S
Within range 11 Bit pattern 1 Bit pattern 2

S S S
0 (see note) (see note)
Lower limit 16 Upper limit 16
Bit pattern 16
(see note)
Note Bit patterns 1 to 16 are configured as follows:

11 IR 208 to IR 211 or IR 240 to IR 243 87 0
External bit pattern
Internal bit pattern (8 bits)
Takes the logical OR of the same 4 bits in IR 208 to IR 211 or IR 240 to IR 243 and outputs the result to the 4 external outputs.
Register a lower limit, upper limit, and bit pattern for each range (1 to 16) in the range comparison table. Bits 0 to 7 of the bit pattern are stored as the internal bit pattern. Bits 8 to 11 are stored as the external bit pattern, the logical OR of these bits is calculated for the four high-speed counters, and the result is output to external outputs 1 to 4.
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The following example shows how the bit patterns for high-speed counters 1 to 4 are ORed to produce the resulting output at the external outputs.
Slot 1 Slot 2 Bit 11 0 11 High-speed counter 2 comparison results (IR 209 or IR 241) High-speed counter 3 comparison results (IR 210 or IR 242) High-speed counter 4 comparison results (IR 211 or IR 243) 0 11 0 11 0 10 0 10 0 10 1 10 0 09 0 09 1 09 0 09 0 08 1 08 0 08 0 08 0 Calculate the logical OR and output.
High-speed counter 1 comparison results (IR 208 or IR 240)
External output 1: ON External output 2: ON External output 3: ON External output 4: OFF
The following diagram shows the structure of a range comparison table for use with high-speed counters 1 to 4 when set for linear counting.
TB TB+1 TB+2 TB+3 TB+4 Lower limit #1, lower 4 digits (BCD) Lower limit #1, upper 4 digits (BCD) Upper limit #1, lower 4 digits (BCD) Upper limit #1, upper 4 digits (BCD) Bit pattern #1
First range setting
TB+75 TB+76 TB+77 TB+78 TB+79
Lower limit #16, lower 4 digits (BCD) Lower limit #16, upper 4 digits (BCD) Upper limit #16, lower 4 digits (BCD) Upper limit #16, upper 4 digits (BCD) Bit pattern #16
Sixteenth range setting
The following diagram shows the structure of a range comparison table for use with high-speed counters 1 to 4 when set for ring counting. The ring value specifies the number of points in the ring and the maximum count value (ring value = max. count value+1). Do not change the ring value while a comparison is in progress.
TB TB+1 TB+3 TB+4 TB+5 TB+6 TB+7 Ring value, lower 4 digits (BCD) Ring value, upper 4 digits (BCD) Lower limit #1, lower 4 digits (BCD) Lower limit #1, upper 4 digits (BCD) Upper limit #1, lower 4 digits (BCD) Upper limit #1, upper 4 digits (BCD) Bit pattern #16 Ring value setting
First range setting
TB+77 TB+78 TB+79 TB+80 TB+81
Lower limit #16, lower 4 digits (BCD) Lower limit #16, upper 4 digits (BCD) Upper limit #16, lower 4 digits (BCD) Upper limit #16, upper 4 digits (BCD) Bit pattern #16
Sixteenth range setting
The following table shows the possible values that can be set for high-speed counters 1 to 4 for target values, lower limit values, and upper limit values. The
246
Section 5-16
hexadecimal value F in the most significant digit indicates that the value is negative (a negative 7-digit value.)
Data format BCD Hexadecimal Possible values Linear counting F838 8608 to 0838 8607 F800 0000 to 07FF FFFF Ring counting 0000 0001 to 0838 8607 0000 0001 to 07FF FFFF
Range Comparison Operation The following diagram illustrates the operation of range comparisons for range settings 1 through 4 set consecutively in the comparison table.
0 Count Range 1 Range 2 Range 3 Range 4
As illustrated above, the current count is compared against all the comparison ranges at the same time and the result for each range is output. When the High-speed Counter Board is installed in slot 1, the bit patterns are output to IR 208 through IR 211. When the Board is installed in slot 2, the bit patterns are output to IR 240 through IR 243.
Counter number High-speed counter 1 High-speed counter 2 High-speed counter 3 High-speed counter 4 Allocated IR word For a Board in slot 1 IR 208 IR 209 IR 210 IR 211 For a Board in slot 2 IR 240 IR 241 IR 242 IR 243
The following table shows the function of the bits in the allocated IR word.
Bit(s) 00 to 07 08 to 11 12 13 14 15 Function Contains the internal bit pattern. Contains the external bit pattern. Counter Operating Flag (0: Stopped; 1: Operating) Comparison Flag (0: Stopped; 1: Operating) PV Overflow/Underflow Flag (0: Normal; 1: Overflow/underflow occurred) SV Error Flag (0: Normal; 1: SV error occurred)
Note
1. When using target comparison for high-speed counters 1 to 4, set the target values so that bit patterns are output at an interval of 0.2 ms or greater. 2. When using range comparison for high-speed counters 1 to 4, set the limits so that the PV of the counter remains between the upper and lower limit for 0.5 ms or greater. (Upper limit Lower limit > 0.0005 x Input frequency) 3. When using target comparison for high-speed counters 1 to 4, it does not matter if the target value is reach by incrementing or decrementing. This is also true for target value comparison for the High-speed Counter Board, but is different from high-speed counters 1 and 2 in Ring Mode on the Pulse I/O Board or high-speed counters 1 and 2 on the Absolute Encoder Interface Board. High-speed counters 1 to 4 begin counting from 0 when CQM1H program operation begins, but the bit pattern will not be output until comparison begins. Use INI(61) to stop comparison. A comparison table registered with CTBL(63) is valid until CQM1H program operation ends or a different comparison table is registered. The cycle time can be reduced by executing a differentiated variation of CTBL(63) when required.
247

Flags ER: The specified port and function are not compatible.
Section 5-16
There is another CTBL(63) instruction with a different comparison method in the subroutine called by CTBL(63) instruction. A CTBL(63) instruction with a different comparison method is executed during comparison. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) The comparison table exceeds the data area boundary, or there is an error in the comparison table settings. CTBL(63) is executed in an interrupt subroutine while a pulse I/O or high-speed counter instruction is being executed in the main program. Subroutines or bit pattern output is executed only once when the execution conditions are first met. AR status is refreshed only once per cycle. If conditions are met for more than one item in the table at the same time, the first item in the table takes priority.
5-16-8 MODE CONTROL INI(61)

Ladder Symbols
INI(61) P C P1 @INI(61) 000 to 004 or 101 to 104 P C: Control data C P1 000 to 003 P1: First PV word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

P: Port specifier
Limitations
P1 must be 000 unless C is 002. P1 and P1+1 must be in the same data area. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for P1. INI(61) can be used with the functions listed in the following table.
Unit/Board CPU Unit Transistor Output Unit Pulse I/O Board Absolute Encoder Interface Board High-speed Counter Board Pulse outputs High-speed counters 1 and 2 Pulse outputs 1 and 2 Absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2 High-speed counters 1 to 4 Function High-speed counter 0 (IR 00004 to IR 00006)
Description
When the execution condition is OFF, INI(61) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, INI(61) is used to control high-speed counter operation and stop pulse output. The port specifier (P) specifies the high-speed counter or pulse output that will be controlled.
Unit CPU Unit Transistor Output Unit Function High-speed counter 0 Pulse output Port specifier (P) 000 000
248

Inner Board Pulse I/O Board Function High-speed counter 1 or pulse output 1 High-speed counter 2 or pulse output 2 Absolute high-speed counter 1 Absolute high-speed counter 2 High-speed counter 1 High-speed counter 2 High-speed counter 3 High-speed counter 4
Section 5-16
Port specifier (P) Slot 1 --------101 102 103 104 Slot 2 001 002 001 002 001 002 003 004
Absolute Encoder Interface Board High-speed Counter Board
The function of INI(61) is determined by the control data, C. (P1 and P1+1 contain the new high-speed counter PV when changing the PV.)
C 000 001 002 003 000 000 New high-speed counter PV 000 P1 INI(61) function Starts CTBL(63) table comparison. Stops CTBL(63) table comparison. Changes high-speed counter PV. Stops pulse output.
The following table shows which values of C can be used with each function.
Unit/Board CPU Unit Transistor Output Unit Pulse I/O Board Absolute Encoder Interface Board High-speed Counter Board Function High-speed counter 0 Pulse output High-speed counters 1 and 2 Pulse outputs 1 and 2 Absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2 High-speed counters 1 to 4 Values of C 000 001 YES YES ----YES YES ----YES YES YES YES 002 003 YES ----YES YES ----YES ----YES ---
CTBL(63) Table Comparison
If C is 000 or 001, INI(61) starts or stops comparison of the high-speed counters PV to the comparison table registered with CTBL(63). Refer to 1-4-5 High-speed Counter 0 Interrupts for details on table comparison. If C is 002, INI(61) changes the high-speed counters PV to the 8-digit value in P1 and P1+1. The leftmost 4 digits are stored in P1+1 and the rightmost 4 digits are stored in P1. A hexadecimal value of F in the most significant digit of PV indicates that the PV is negative. CPU Unit: Built-in High-speed Counter 0 The following table shows the possible 8-digit BCD values for the PV of highspeed counter 0.
Mode Differential phase mode Incrementing mode Possible values F003 2768 to 0003 2767 0000 0000 to 0006 5535
PV Change
Pulse I/O Board: High-speed Counters 1 and 2 The following table shows the possible 8-digit BCD values for the PV of highspeed counters 1 and 2 on a Pulse I/O Board.
Numeric range Linear counting Ring counting Possible values F838 8608 to 0838 8607 0000 0000 to 0006 4999
249
Section 5-16
Absolute Encoder Interface Board: High-speed Counters 1 and 2 The PV of absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2 cannot be changed. High-speed Counter Board: High-speed Counters 1 to 4 The following table shows the possible 8-digit values (BCD or hexadecimal) for the PV of high-speed counters 1 to 4 on a High-speed Counter Board.
Numeric range Linear counting Ring counting Possible values BCD format F838 8608 to 0838 8607 0000 0000 to 0838 8607 Hexadecimal format F800 0000 to 07FF FFFF 0000 0000 to 07FF FFFF
Stop Pulse Output
If C is 003, INI(61) stops pulse output. Refer to 1-5 Pulse Output Functions for details on stopping Pulse I/O Board pulse outputs 1 and 2. Note Pulse output can be stopped only when pulses are not currently being output. The Pulse Output Flag (AR 0515 or AR 0615) can be used to check pulse output status.
Flags
ER:
The specified port and function are not compatible. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) P1+1 exceeds the data area boundary. (C=002) There is an error in the operand settings. INI(61) is executed in an interrupt subroutine while a pulse I/O or highspeed counter instruction is being executed in the main program.
5-16-9 HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ PRV(62)

Ladder Symbols
PRV(62) P C D @PRV(62) 000 to 004 or 101 to 104 P C: Control data C D 000 to 004 or 101 to 104 D: First destination word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

P: Port specifier
ID and D+1 must be in the same data area. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D. PRV(62) can be used with the functions listed in the following table.
Unit/Board CPU Unit Pulse I/O Board Absolute Encoder Interface Board High-speed Counter Board Function High-speed counter 0 (IR 00004 to IR 00006) High-speed counters 1 and 2 Pulse outputs 1 and 2 Absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2 High-speed counters 1 to 4
When the execution condition is OFF, PRV(62) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, PRV(62) reads data specified by P and C and writes it to D or D and D+1.
250
Section 5-16
The port specifier (P) specifies the high-speed counter or pulse output that will be controlled.
Unit CPU Unit Transistor Output Unit Inner Board Pulse I/O Board Function High-speed counter 0 Pulse output Function High-speed counter 1 or pulse output 1 High-speed counter 2 or pulse output 2 Absolute high-speed counter 1 Absolute high-speed counter 2 High-speed counter 1 High-speed counter 2 High-speed counter 3 High-speed counter 4 Port specifier (P) 000 000 Port specifier (P) Slot 1 --------101 102 103 104 Slot 2 001 002 001 002 001 002 003 004
Absolute Encoder Interface Board High-speed Counter Board
The control data, C, determines which type of data will be accessed.

C 000 001 002 Data High-speed counter PV Status of high-speed counter or pulse output Range comparison results D D Destination word(s) D and D+1
The following table shows which values of C can be used with each function.
Unit/Board CPU Unit Transistor Output Unit Pulse I/O Board Absolute Encoder Interface Board High-speed Counter Board
Function High-speed counter 0 Pulse output High-speed counters 1 and 2 Pulse outputs 1 and 2 Absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2 High-speed counters 1 to 4
Values of C 000 YES --YES --YES YES 001 ----YES YES YES YES 002 YES --YES --YES ---
High-speed Counter PV (C=000)
If C is 000, PRV(62) reads the specified high-speed counters PV and writes the 8-digit value in D and D+1. The leftmost 4 digits are stored in D+1 and the rightmost 4 digits are stored in D. A hexadecimal value of F in the most significant digit of PV indicates that the PV is negative. PRV(62) reads the same high-speed counter PV information stored in the IR words allocated for that purpose (IR 230 and IR 231 for high-speed counter 0, IR 200 to IR 207 or IR 232 to IR 239 for high-speed counters 1 to 4), but the allocated IR words are refreshed just once each cycle while PRV(62) reads the most up-to-date values. CPU Unit: Built-in High-speed Counter 0 The following table shows the possible 8-digit BCD values for the PV of highspeed counter 0.
Mode Differential phase mode Incrementing mode Possible values F003 2768 to 0003 2767 0000 0000 to 0006 5535
251
Section 5-16
Pulse I/O Board: High-speed Counters 1 and 2 The following table shows the possible 8-digit BCD values for the PV of highspeed counters 1 and 2 on a Pulse I/O Board.
Numeric range Linear counting Ring counting Possible values F838 8608 to 0838 8607 0000 0000 to 0006 4999
Absolute Encoder Interface Board: High-speed Counters 1 and 2 The following table shows the possible values for the PV of absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2.
Mode BCD mode 360_ mode Possible values 0000 0000 to 0000 4095 0000 0000 to 0000 0359
High-speed Counter Board: High-speed Counters 1 to 4 The following table shows the possible 8-digit values (BCD or hexadecimal) for the PV of high-speed counters 1 to 4 on a High-speed Counter Board.
Numeric range Linear counting Ring counting Possible values BCD format F838 8608 to 0838 8607 0000 0000 to 0838 8607 Hexadecimal format F800 0000 to 07FF FFFF 0000 0000 to 07FF FFFF
High-speed Counter or Pulse Output Status (C=001)
If C is 001, PRV(62) reads the operating status of the specified high-speed counter or pulse output and writes the data to D. PRV(62) reads the same information stored in the AR and IR words allocated for that purpose (AR 05 and AR 06 for the Pulse I/O Board or Absolute Encoder Interface Board, IR 208 to IR 211 or IR 240 to IR 243 for the High-speed Counter Board), but the allocated AR and IR words are refreshed just once each cycle while PRV(62) reads the most up-to-date values. Pulse I/O Board The following table shows the function of bits in D for high-speed counters 1 and 2 or pulse outputs from ports 1 and 2 on a Pulse I/O Board. Bits not listed in the table are not used and will always be 0.
Bit 00 01 04 05 06 07 Function High-speed counter comparison status. (0: Stopped; 1: Comparing) High-speed counter underflow/overflow. (0: Normal; 1: Underflow/Overflow occurred.) Deceleration of pulse frequency. (0: Not specified; 1: Specified.) Total number of pulses specified. (0: Not specified; 1: Specified.) Pulse output completed. (0: Not completed; 1: Completed) Pulse output status (0: Stopped; 1: Outputting)
Absolute Encoder Interface Board For absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2, Bit 00 of D indicates the comparison status (0: Stopped; 1: Comparing). The other bits in D (01 through 15) are not used and will always be 0. High-speed Counter Board The following table shows the function of bits in D for high-speed counters 1 to 4 on a High-speed Counter Board.
Bit(s) 00 to 07 08 to 11 12 Function Contains the internal bit pattern. Contains the external bit pattern. Counter Operating Flag (0: Stopped; 1: Operating)
252

Bit(s) 13 14 15 Function Comparison Flag (0: Stopped; 1: Operating)
Section 5-16
PV Overflow/Underflow Flag (0: Normal; 1: Overflow/underflow occurred) SV Error Flag (0: Normal; 1: SV error occurred)
Range Comparison Results (C=002)
If C is 002, PRV(62) reads the results of the range comparison results for built-in high-speed counter 0, Pulse I/O Board high-speed counters 1 and 2, or Absolute Encoder Interface Board absolute high-speed counters 1 and 2. Bits 00 through 07 of D contain the Comparison Result flags for ranges 1 to 8. (0: Not in range; 1: In range) PRV(62) reads the same information stored in the AR words allocated for that purpose (AR 05 and AR 06 for the Pulse I/O Board or Absolute Encoder Interface Board, AR 11 for built-in high-speed counter 0), but the allocated AR words are refreshed just once each cycle while PRV(62) reads the most up-to-date values. ER: The specified port and function are not compatible. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) D+1 exceeds the data area boundary. (C=000) There is an error in the operand settings. PRV(62) is executed in an interrupt subroutine while a pulse I/O or highspeed counter instruction is being executed in the main program.
Flags
253
Shift Instructions
Section 5-17
5-17 Shift Instructions

5-17-1 SHIFT REGISTER SFT(10)
Ladder Symbol
I SFT(10) P St R E
Operand Data Areas

St: Starting word IR, SR, AR, HR, LR E: End word IR, SR, AR, HR, LR
Limitations
E must be greater than or equal to St, and St and E must be in the same data area. If a bit address in one of the words used in a shift register is also used in an instruction that controls individual bit status (e.g., OUT, KEEP(11)), an error (COIL/OUT DUPL) will be generated when program syntax is checked on the Programming Console or another Programming Device. The program, however, will be executed as written. See Example 2: Controlling Bits in Shift Registers for a programming example that does this.
Description
SFT(10) is controlled by three execution conditions, I, P, and R. If SFT(10) is executed and 1) execution condition P is ON and was OFF in the last execution, and 2) R is OFF, then execution condition I is shifted into the rightmost bit of a shift register defined between St and E, i.e., if I is ON, a 1 is shifted into the register; if I is OFF, a 0 is shifted in. When I is shifted into the register, all bits previously in the register are shifted to the left and the leftmost bit of the register is lost.
St+1, St+2, ...
St
Lost data
Execution condition I
The execution condition on P functions like a differentiated instruction, i.e., I will be shifted into the register only when P is ON and was OFF the last time SFT(10) was executed. If execution condition P has not changed or has gone from ON to OFF, the shift register will remain unaffected. St designates the rightmost word of the shift register; E designates the leftmost. The shift register includes both of these words and all words between them. The same word may be designated for St and E to create a 16-bit (i.e., 1-word) shift register. When execution condition R goes ON, all bits in the shift register will be turned OFF (i.e., set to 0) and the shift register will not operate until R goes OFF again.
Flags
There are no flags affected by SFT(10).
254
Shift Instructions
Example
Section 5-17
The following example uses the 1-second clock pulse bit (25502) so that the execution condition produced by 00000 is shifted into IR 010 every second. Output 10000 is turned ON whenever a 1 is shifted into 01007.
00000 25502 00001
I SFT(10) P 010 R 010
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005
Instruction LD LD LD SFT(10) LD OUT
Operands 00000 25502 00001 010 010 01007 10000
01007 10000
5-17-2 WORD SHIFT WSFT(16)
Ladder Symbols
WSFT(16) St E @WSFT(16) St E
Operand Data Areas

St: Starting word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR E: End word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Limitations
St and E must be in the same data area, and E must be greater than or equal to St. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for St or E.
Description
When the execution condition is OFF, WSFT(16) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, WSFT(16) shifts data between St and E in word units. Zeros are written into St and the content of E is lost.
E F Lost 0 C 2 3
St + 1 4 5 2 1 0
St 2 9
0000 E 3 4 5 2 1 St + 1 0 2 9 0 0 St 0 0
Flags
ER:
The St and E words are in different areas, or St is greater than E. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
255
Shift Instructions
Section 5-17
5-17-3 ARITHMETIC SHIFT LEFT ASL(25)

Ladder Symbols
ASL(25) Wd @ASL(25) Wd
Operand Data Areas

Wd: Shift word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for Wd. When the execution condition is OFF, ASL(25) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ASL(25) shifts a 0 into bit 00 of Wd, shifts the bits of Wd one bit to the left, and shifts the status of bit 15 into CY.
CY Bit Bit 15 00 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1
Precautions
A 0 will be shifted into bit 00 every cycle if the undifferentiated form of ASL(25) is used. Use the differentiated form (@ASL(25)) or combine ASL(25) with DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) to shift just one time. ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) Receives the status of bit 15. ON when the content of Wd is zero; otherwise OFF.
Flags
CY: EQ:
5-17-4 ARITHMETIC SHIFT RIGHT ASR(26)

Ladder Symbols
ASR(26) Wd @ASR(26) Wd
Operand Data Areas

Wd: Shift word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for Wd. When the execution condition is OFF, ASR(25) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ASR(25) shifts a 0 into bit 15 of Wd, shifts the bits of Wd one bit to the right, and shifts the status of bit 00 into CY.
Bit Bit 15 00 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 CY
Precautions
A 0 will be shifted into bit 15 every cycle if the undifferentiated form of ASR(26) is used. Use the differentiated form (@ASR(26)) or combine ASR(26) with DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) to shift just one time. ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
Flags
256
Shift Instructions
CY: EQ: Receives the data of bit 00. ON when the content of Wd is zero; otherwise OFF.
Section 5-17
5-17-5 ROTATE LEFT ROL(27)

Ladder Symbols
ROL(27) Wd @ROL(27) Wd
Operand Data Areas

Wd: Rotate word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for Wd. When the execution condition is OFF, ROL(27) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ROL(27) shifts all Wd bits one bit to the left, shifting CY into bit 00 of Wd and shifting bit 15 of Wd into CY.
CY 0 Bit 15 Bit 00
1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1
Precautions
Use STC(41) to set the status of CY or CLC(41) to clear the status of CY before doing a rotate operation to ensure that CY contains the proper status before executing ROL(27). CY will be shifted into bit 00 every cycle if the undifferentiated form of ROL(27) is used. Use the differentiated form (@ROL(27)) or combine ROL(27) with DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) to shift just one time. ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) Receives the data of bit 15. ON when the content of Wd is zero; otherwise OFF.
Flags
CY: EQ:
5-17-6 ROTATE RIGHT ROR(28)

Ladder Symbols
ROR(28) Wd @ROR(28) Wd
Operand Data Areas

Wd: Rotate word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for Wd. When the execution condition is OFF, ROR(28) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ROR(28) shifts all Wd bits one bit to the right, shifting CY into bit 15 of Wd and shifting bit 00 of Wd into CY.
CY 0 Bit 15 Bit 00
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
257
Shift Instructions
Precautions
Section 5-17
Use STC(41) to set the status of CY or CLC(41) to clear the status of CY before doing a rotate operation to ensure that CY contains the proper status before execution ROR(28). CY will be shifted into bit 15 every cycle if the undifferentiated form of ROR(28) is used. Use the differentiated form (@ROR(28)) or combine ROR(28) with DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) to shift just one time.
Flags
ER:
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) Receives the data of bit 00. ON when the content of Wd is zero; otherwise OFF.
CY: EQ:
5-17-7 ONE DIGIT SHIFT LEFT SLD(74)

Ladder Symbols
SLD(74) St E @SLD(74) St E
Operand Data Areas

St: Starting word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR E: End word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Limitations
St and E must be in the same data area, and E must be greater than or equal to St. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for St or E.
Description
When the execution condition is OFF, SLD(74) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SLD(74) shifts data between St and E (inclusive) by one digit (four bits) to the left. 0 is written into the rightmost digit of the St, and the content of the leftmost digit of E is lost.
E 8 F C 5
...
St D 7 9 1
Lost data
Precautions
If a power failure occurs during a shift operation across more than 50 words, the shift operation might not be completed. A 0 will be shifted into the least significant digit of St every cycle if the undifferentiated form of SLD(74) is used. Use the differentiated form (@SLD(74)) or combine SLD(74) with DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) to shift just one time.
Flags
ER:
258
Shift Instructions
Section 5-17
5-17-8 ONE DIGIT SHIFT RIGHT SRD(75)

Ladder Symbols
SRD(75) E St @SRD(75) E St
Operand Data Areas

E: End word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR St: Starting word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
St and E must be in the same data area, and E must be less than or equal to St. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for St or E. When the execution condition is OFF, SRD(75) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SRD(75) shifts data between St and E (inclusive) by one digit (four bits) to the right. 0 is written into the leftmost digit of St and the rightmost digit of E is lost.
St 3 4 5 2
...
E F 8 C 1
Lost data
Precautions
If a power failure occurs during a shift operation across more than 50 words, the shift operation might not be completed. A 0 will be shifted into the most significant digit of St every cycle if the undifferentiated form of SRD(75) is used. Use the differentiated form (@SRD(75)) or combine SRD(75) with DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) to shift just one time. ER: The St and E words are in different areas, or St is less than E. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
Flags
5-17-9 REVERSIBLE SHIFT REGISTER SFTR(84)

Operand Data Areas Ladder Symbols
SFTR(84) C St E @SFTR(84) St: Starting word C St E IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR E: End word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR C: Control word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Limitations
St and E must be in the same data area and St must be less than or equal to E. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for C, St, or E. SFTR(84) is used to create a single- or multiple-word shift register that can shift data to either the right or the left. To create a single-word register, designate the
Description
259
Shift Instructions
Section 5-17
same word for St and E. The control word provides the shift direction, the status to be put into the register, the shift pulse, and the reset input. The control word is allocated as follows:
15 14 13 12
Not used.
Shift direction 1 (ON): Left (LSB to MSB) 0 (OFF): Right (MSB to LSB) Status to input into register Shift pulse bit Reset
The data in the shift register will be shifted one bit in the direction indicated by bit 12, shifting one bit out to CY and the status of bit 13 into the other end whenever SFTR(84) is executed with an ON execution condition as long as the reset bit is OFF and as long as bit 14 is ON. If SFTR(84) is executed with an OFF execution condition or if SFTR(84) is executed with bit 14 OFF, the shift register will remain unchanged. If SFTR(84) is executed with an ON execution condition and the reset bit (bit 15) is OFF, the entire shift register and CY will be set to zero. Flags ER: St and E are not in the same data area or ST is greater than E. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) CY: Receives the status of bit 00 of St or bit 15 of E, depending on the shift direction.
Example
In the following example, IR 00000, IR 00001, IR 00002, and IR 00003 are used to control the bits of C used in @SFTR(84). The shift register is in DM 0010, and it is controlled through IR 00004.
00000 03512 Direction
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009
Instruction LD OUT LD OUT LD OUT LD OUT LD @SFT(10)
Operands 00000 03512 00001 03513 00002 03514 00003 03515 00004 035 0010 0010
00001 03513 Status to input
00002 03514 Shift pulse
00003 03515 Reset
00004 @SFTR(84) 035 DM 0010 DM 0010
DM DM
260
Shift Instructions
Section 5-17
5-17-10 ASYNCHRONOUS SHIFT REGISTER ASFT(17)

ASFT(17) C St E @ASFT(17) C St E C: Control word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR, # St: Starting word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR E: End word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Limitations
St and E must be in the same data area, and E must be greater than or equal to St. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for St or E. When the execution condition is OFF, ASFT(17) does nothing and the program moves to the next instruction. When the execution condition is ON, ASFT(17) is used to create and control a reversible asynchronous word shift register between St and E. This register only shifts words when the next word in the register is zero, e.g., if no words in the register contain zero, nothing is shifted. Also, only one word is shifted for each word in the register that contains zero. When the contents of a word are shifted to the next word, the original words contents are set to zero. In essence, when the register is shifted, each zero word in the register trades places with the next word. (See Example below.) The shift direction (i.e. whether the next word is the next higher or the next lower word) is designated in C. C is also used to reset the register. All of any portion of the register can be reset by designating the desired portion with St and E. Bits 00 through 12 of C are not used. Bit 13 is the shift direction: turn bit 13 ON to shift down (toward lower addressed words) and OFF to shift up (toward higher addressed words). Bit 14 is the Shift Enable Bit: turn bit 14 ON to enable shift register operation according to bit 13 and OFF to disable the register. Bit 15 is the Reset bit: the register will be reset (set to zero) between St and E when ASFT(17) is executed with bit 15 ON. Turn bit 15 OFF for normal operation. Note If the non-differentiated form of ASFT(17) is used, data will be shifted every cycle while the execution condition is ON. Use the differentiated form to prevent this.
Description
Control Word
Flags
ER:
261
Data Movement Instructions

Example
Section 5-18
The following example shows instruction ASFT(17) used to shift words in an 11-word shift register created between DM 0100 and DM 0110 with C=#6000. Non-zero data is shifted towards St (DM 0110).
ASFT(17) #6000 DM 0100 DM 0110
00000
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD ASFT(17)
Operands 00000 # DM DM 6000 0100 0110
Before execution DM 0100 DM 0101 DM 0102 DM 0103 DM 0104 DM 0105 DM 0106 DM 0107 DM 0108 DM 0109 DM 0110 1234 0000 0000 2345 3456 0000 4567 5678 6789 0000 789A
After one execution 1234 0000 2345 0000 3456 4567 0000 5678 6789 789A 0000
After seven executions 1234 2345 3456 4567 5678 6789 789A 0000 0000 0000 0000
Note The zeroes are shifted upward if C=4000, and the entire shift register is set to zero if C=8000.
5-18 Data Movement Instructions

5-18-1 MOVE MOV(21)
Ladder Symbols
MOV(21) S D @MOV(21) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # S D: Destination word D IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

S: Source word
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D. When the execution condition is OFF, MOV(21) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MOV(21) copies the content of S to D.
Source word Bit status not changed. Destination word
Precautions
TIM/CNT numbers cannot be designated as D to change the PV of the timer or counter. You can, however, easily change the PV of a timer or a counter by using BSET(71). ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
Flags
262

EQ: Example ON when all zeros are transferred to D.
Section 5-18
The following example shows @MOV(21) being used to copy the content of IR 001 to HR 05 when IR 00000 goes from OFF to ON.
00000 @MOV(21) 001 HR 05
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD @MOV(21)
Operands 00000 001 05
HR
IR 000
0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
HR 05
0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
5-18-2 MOVE NOT MVN(22)

Ladder Symbols
MVN(22) S D @MVN(22) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # S D: Destination word D IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

S: Source word
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D. When the execution condition is OFF, MVN(22) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MVN(22) transfers the inverted content of S (specified word or four-digit hexadecimal constant) to D, i.e., for each ON bit in S, the corresponding bit in D is turned OFF, and for each OFF bit in S, the corresponding bit in D is turned ON.
Source word Bit status inverted. Destination word
Precautions
TIM/CNT numbers cannot be designated as D to change the PV of the timer or counter. However, these can be easily changed using BSET(71).
Flags
ER:
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON when all zeros are transferred to D.
EQ:
263

Example
00001 @MVN(22) #F8C5 DM 0010
Section 5-18
The following example shows @MVN(22) being used to copy the complement of #F8C5 to DM 0010 when IR 00001 goes from OFF to ON.
Address 00000 00001 Instruction LD @MOV(21) # DM Operands 00001 F8C5 0010
#F8C5
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
DM 0010
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0
5-18-3 BLOCK TRANSFER XFER(70)

XFER(70) N S D @XFER(70) S: Starting source word N S D IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR D: Starting destination word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR N: Number of words (BCD) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
S and S+N must be in the same data area, as must D and D+N. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D. When the execution condition is OFF, XFER(70) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, XFER(70) copies the contents of S, S+1, ..., S+N to D, D+1, ..., D+N.
S 3 4 5 2 S+1 3 4 5 1 S+2 3 4 2 2 D 3 4 5 2 D+1 3 4 5 1 D+2 3 4 2 2
S+N 6 4 5 2
D+N 6 4 5 2
Flags
ER:
N is not BCD. S and S+N or D and D+N are not in the same data area. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
264
Section 5-18
5-18-4 BLOCK SET BSET(71)

BSET(71) S St E @BSET(71) St: Starting word S St E IR, SR AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR E: End Word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR S: Source data IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
Limitations
St must be less than or equal to E, and St and E must be in the same data area. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for St or E.
Description
When the execution condition is OFF, BSET(71) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, BSET(71) copies the content of S to all words from St through E.
S 3 4 5 2 St 3 4 5 2 St+1 3 4 5 2 St+2 3 4 5 2
E 3 4 5 2
BSET(71) can be used to change timer/counter PV. (This cannot be done with MOV(21) or MVN(22).) BSET(71) can also be used to clear sections of a data area, i.e., the DM area, to prepare for executing other instructions. It can also be used to clear words by transferring all zeros. Flags ER: St and E are not in the same data area or St is greater than E. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) Example The following example shows how to use BSET(71) to copy a constant (#0000) to a block of the DM area (DM 0000 to DM 0500) when IR 00000 is ON.
Address
@BSET(71) #0000 DM 0000 DM 0500
00000
Instruction LD @BSET(71)
Operands 00000 # DM DM 0000 0000 0500
00000 00001
265
Section 5-18
5-18-5 DATA EXCHANGE XCHG(73)

Ladder Symbols
XCHG(73) E1 E2 @XCHG(73) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR E1 E2: Exchange word 2 E2 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Operand Data Areas

E1: Exchange word 1
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for E1 or E2. When the execution condition is OFF, XCHG(73) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, XCHG(73) exchanges the content of E1 and E2.
E1 E2
If you want to exchange content of blocks whose size is greater than 1 word, use work words as an intermediate buffer to hold one of the blocks using XFER(70) three times. Flags ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
5-18-6 SINGLE WORD DISTRIBUTE DIST(80)

DIST(80) S DBs C @DIST(80) DBs: Destination base word S DBs C IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR C: Control word (BCD) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # S: Source data IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
Limitations Description Single-word Distribution
C must be BCD. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for DBs or C. DIST(80) can be used for single-word distribution or for a stack operation depending on the content of the control word, C. When bits 12 to 15 of C=0 to 8, DIST(80) can be used for a single word distribute operation. The entire contents of C specifies an offset, Of. When the execution condition is OFF, DIST(80) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, DIST(80) copies the content of S to DBs+Of, i.e., Of is added to DBs to determine the destination word. Note DBs and DBs+Of must be in the same data area and cannot be between DM 6144 and DM 6655. Example The following example shows how to use DIST(80) to copy #00FF to HR 10 + Of.
266
Section 5-18
The content of LR 10 is #3005, so #00FF is copied to HR 15 (HR 10 + 5) when IR 00000 is ON.
00000 @DIST(80) #00FF HR 10 LR 10
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD @DIST(80)
Operands 00000 # HR LR 00FF 10 10
LR 10 3 0 0 5
#00FF 0 0 F F
HR 10 0 0 0 0
HR 15 0 0 F F
Stack Operation
When bits 12 to 15 of C=9, DIST(80) can be used for a stack operation. The other 3 digits of C specify the number of words in the stack (000 to 999). The content of DBs is the stack pointer. When the execution condition is OFF, DIST(80) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, DIST(80) copies the content of S to DBs+1+the content of DBs. In other words, 1 and the content of DBs are added to DBs to determine the destination word. The content of DBs is then incremented by 1. Note 1. DIST(80) will be executed every cycle unless the differentiated form (@DIST(80)) is used or DIST(80) is used with DIFU(13) or DIFD(14). 2. Be sure to initialize the stack pointer before using DIST(80) as a stack operation. Example The following example shows how to use DIST(80) to create a stack between DM 0001 and DM 0005. DM 0000 acts as the stack pointer.
00000 @DIST(80) 001 DM 0000 216
Address 00000 00001
Operands 00000 001 0000 216
DM
IR 001 IR 216 DM 0000 DM 0001 DM 0002 DM 0003 DM 0004 DM 0005
FFFF 9005 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 First execution DM 0000 DM 0001 DM 0002 DM 0003 DM 0004 DM 0005 0001 FFFF 0000 0000 0000 0000 Second execution Stack pointer incremented DM 0000 DM 0001 DM 0002 DM 0003 DM 0004 DM 0005 0002 FFFF FFFF 0000 0000 0000
Stack pointer incremented
Flags
ER:
The offset or stack length in the control word is not BCD. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
267
Section 5-18
During stack operation, the value of the stack pointer+1 exceeds the length of the stack. ON when the content of S is zero; otherwise OFF.
EQ:
5-18-7 DATA COLLECT COLL(81)

COLL(81) SBs C D @COLL(81) C: Control word (BCD) SBs C D IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # D: Destination word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR SBs: Source base word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations Description Data Collection
C must be BCD. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D. COLL(81) can be used for data collection, an FIFO stack operation, or an LIFO stack operation depending on the content of the control word, C. When bits 12 to 15 of C=0 to 7, COLL(81) is used for data collection. The entire contents of C specifies an offset, Of. When the execution condition is OFF, COLL(81) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, COLL(81) copies the content of SBs + Of to D, i.e., Of is added to SBs to determine the source word. Note SBs and SBs+Of must be in the same data area. Example The following example shows how to use COLL(81) to copy the content of DM 0000+Of to IR 001. The content of 010 is #0005, so the content of DM 0005 (DM 0000 + 5) is copied to IR 001 when IR 00001 is ON.
00001 @COLL(81) DM 0000 010 001
Address 00000 00001
Operands 00001 DM 0000 010 001
010 0 0 0 5
DM 0000 0 0 0 0
001 0 0 F F
DM 0005 0 0 F F
FIFO Stack Operation
When bits 12 to 15 of C=9, COLL(81) can be used for an FIFO stack operation. The other 3 digits of C specify the number of words in the stack (000 to 999). The content of SBs is the stack pointer. When the execution condition is ON, COLL(81) shifts the contents of each word within the stack down by one address, finally shifting the data from SBs+1 (the first value written to the stack) to the destination word (D). The content of the stack pointer (SBs) is then decremented by one.
268
Section 5-18
Note COLL(81) will be executed every cycle unless the differentiated form (@COLL(81)) is used or COLL(81) is used with DIFU(13) or DIFD(14). Example The following example shows how to use COLL(81) to create a stack between DM 0001 and DM 0005. DM 0000 acts as the stack pointer. When IR 00000 goes from OFF to ON, COLL(81) shifts the contents of DM 0002 to DM 0005 down by one address, and shifts the data from DM 0001 to IR 001. The content of the stack pointer (DM 0000) is then decremented by one.
00000 @COLL(81) DM 0000 216 001
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD @COLL(81)
Operands 00000 DM 0000 216 001
IR 216 DM 0000 DM 0001 DM 0002 DM 0003 DM 0004 DM 0005
9005 0005 AAAA BBBB CCCC DDDD EEEE Stack pointer decremented DM 0000 DM 0001 DM 0002 DM 0003 DM 0004 DM 0005 0004 BBBB CCCC DDDD EEEE EEEE IR 001 AAAA
LIFO Stack Operation
When bits 12 to 15 of C=8, COLL(81) can be used for an LIFO stack operation. The other 3 digits of C specify the number of words in the stack (000 to 999). The content of SBs is the stack pointer. When the execution condition is ON, COLL(81) copies the data from the word indicated by the stack pointer (SBs+the content of SBs) to the destination word (D). The content of the stack pointer (SBs) is then decremented by one. The stack pointer is the only word changed in the stack. Note COLL(81) will be executed every cycle unless the differentiated form (@DIST(80)) is used or DIST(80) is used with DIFU(13) or DIFD(14). Example The following example shows how to use COLL(81) to create a stack between DM 0001 and DM 0005. DM 0000 acts as the stack pointer. When IR 00000 goes from OFF to ON, COLL(81) copies the content of DM 0005 (DM 0000 + 5) to IR 001. The content of the stack pointer (DM 0000) is then decremented by one.
00000 @COLL(81) DM 0000 216 001
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD @COLL(81)
Operands 00000 DM 0000 216 001
IR 216 DM 0000 DM 0001 DM 0002 DM 0003 DM 0004 DM 0005
8005 0005 AAAA BBBB CCCC DDDD EEEE Stack pointer decremented DM 0000 DM 0001 DM 0002 DM 0003 DM 0004 DM 0005 0004 AAAA BBBB CCCC DDDD EEEE IR 001 EEEE
269

Flags ER:
Section 5-18
The offset or stack length in the control word is not BCD. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) During stack operation, the value of the stack pointer exceeds the length of the stack; an attempt was made to write to a word beyond the end of the stack. EQ: ON when the content of S is zero; otherwise OFF.
5-18-8 MOVE BIT MOVB(82)

MOVB(82) S Bi D @MOVB(82) Bi: Bit designator (BCD) S Bi D IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # D: Destination word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR S: Source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR, #
Limitations
The rightmost two digits and the leftmost two digits of Bi must each be between 00 and 15. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for Bi or D.
Description
When the execution condition is OFF, MOVB(82) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MOVB(82) copies the specified bit of S to the specified bit in D. The bits in S and D are specified by Bi. The rightmost two digits of Bi designate the source bit; the leftmost two bits designate the destination bit.
Bit 15 Bi MSB 1 2 0 1 LSB Bit 00
Bi
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Bit 15 1 2 0 1 Bit 00
S
Source bit (00 to 15) Destination bit (00 to 15)
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 Bit 15 Bit 00
0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1
Flags
ER:
Bi is not BCD, or it is specifying a non-existent bit (i.e., bit specification must be between 00 and 15). Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
270
Section 5-18
5-18-9 MOVE DIGIT MOVD(83)

MOVD(83) S Di D @MOVD(83) Di: Digit designator (BCD) S Di D IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # D: Destination word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR S: Source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
The rightmost three digits of Di must each be between 0 and 3. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for Di or D. When the execution condition is OFF, MOVD(83) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MOVD(83) copies the content of the specified digit(s) in S to the specified digit(s) in D. Up to four digits can be transferred at one time. The first digit to be copied, the number of digits to be copied, and the first digit to receive the copy are designated in Di as shown below. Digits from S will be copied to consecutive digits in D starting from the designated first digit and continued for the designated number of digits. If the last digit is reached in either S or D, further digits are used starting back at digit 0.
Digit number: 3 2 1 0
First digit in S (0 to 3) Number of digits (0 to 3) 0: 1 digit 1: 2 digits 2: 3 digits 3: 4 digits First digit in D (0 to 3) Not used. (Set to 0.)
Digit Designator
The following show examples of the data movements for various values of Di.
Di: 0010 S 0 1 2 3 Di: 0031 S 0 1 2 3 D 0 1 2 3 S 0 1 2 3 D 0 1 2 3 S 0 1 2 3 Di: 0023 D 0 1 2 3 Di: 0030 D 0 1 2 3
Flags
ER:
At least one of the rightmost three digits of Di is not between 0 and 3. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
271
Section 5-18
5-18-10 TRANSFER BITS XFRB()

Ladder Symbols
XFRB() C S D @XFRB() C S: First source word S IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, TIM/CNT, HR, LR D D: First destination word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

C: Control word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, TIM/CNT, HR, LR, #
Limitations
The specified source bits must be in the same data area. The specified destination bits must be in the same data area. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D. When the execution condition is OFF, XFRB() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, XFRB() copies the specified source bits to the specified destination bits. The two rightmost digits of C specify the starting bits in S and D and the leftmost two digits indicate the number of bits that will be copied.
C MSB LSB First bit of S (0 to F) First bit of D (0 to F) Number of bits (00 to FF)
Description
Note Up to 255 (FF) bits can be copied at one time. Example In the following example, XFRB() is used to transfer 5 bits from IR 020 and IR 021 to LR 00 and LR 01. The starting bit in IR 020 is D (13), and the starting bit in LR 00 is E (14), so IR 02013 to IR 02101 are copied to LR 0014 to LR 0102.
00001 XFRB() #05ED 020 LR 00
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD XFRB() #
Operands 00001 05ED 020 00
LR
Bit 15
S+1: 021
Bit 00
Bit 15
S: 020
Bit 00
0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 Bit 15
1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 Bit 15
D+1: LR 01 ER:
Bit 00
D: LR 00
Bit 00
Flags
The specified source bits are not all in the same data area. The specified destination bits are not all in the same data area. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
272
Comparison Instructions
Section 5-19
5-19 Comparison Instructions

5-19-1 COMPARE CMP(20)
Ladder Symbols
CMP(20) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # Cp1 Cp2: Second compare word Cp2 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
Operand Data Areas

Cp1: First compare word
When comparing a value to the PV of a timer or counter, the value must be in BCD. When the execution condition is OFF, CMP(20) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, CMP(20) compares Cp1 and Cp2 and outputs the result to the GR, EQ, and LE flags in the SR area. Placing other instructions between CMP(20) and the operation which accesses the EQ, LE, and GR flags may change the status of these flags. Be sure to access them before the desired status is changed. ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if Cp1 equals Cp2. ON if Cp1 is less than Cp2. ON if Cp1 is greater than Cp2.
Flag GR EQ LE Address 25505 25506 25507 C1 < C2 OFF OFF ON ON OFF C1 = C2 OFF C1 > C2 ON OFF OFF
Precautions
Flags
EQ: LE: GR:
273
Example: Saving CMP(20) Results
Section 5-19
The following example shows how to save the comparison result immediately. If the content of HR 09 is greater than that of 010, 10200 is turned ON; if the two contents are equal, 10201 is turned ON; if content of HR 09 is less than that of 010, 10202 is turned ON. In some applications, only one of the three OUTs would be necessary, making the use of TR 0 unnecessary. With this type of programming, 10200, 10201, and 10202 are changed only when CMP(20) is executed.
00000
TR 0 CMP(20) HR 09 010
25505 10200 Greater Than
25506 10201 25507 10202 Less Than Equal
Address 00000 00001 00002
Instruction LD OUT CMP(20)
Operands 00000 0 09 010 25505 10200
Address 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009 00010
Instruction LD AND OUT LD AND OUT
Operands TR 0 25506 10201 0 25507 10202
TR HR
TR
00003 00004
AND OUT
5-19-2 TABLE COMPARE TCMP(85)

TCMP(85) CD TB R @TCMP(85) TB: First comparison table word CD TB R IR, SR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR R: Result word IR, SR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR CD: Compare data IR, SR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, TCMP(85) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, TCMP(85) compares CD to the content of TB, TB+1, TB+2, ..., and TB+15. If CD is equal to the content of any of these words, the corresponding bit in R is set, e.g., if the CD equals the content of TB, bit 00 is turned ON, if it equals that of TB+1, bit 01 is turned ON, etc. The rest of the bits in R will be turned OFF. ER: The comparison table (i.e., TB through TB+15) exceeds the data area. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
Flags
274
Example
Section 5-19
The following example shows the comparisons made and the results provided for TCMP(85). Here, the comparison is made during each cycle when IR 00000 is ON.
Address
TCMP(85) 001 DM 0000 216
00000
Instruction LD TCMP(85)
Operands 00000 001 0000 216
00000 00001
DM
CD: 001
IR 001 0210
Upper limits
DM 0000 DM 0001 DM 0002 DM 0003 DM 0004 DM 0005 DM 0006 DM 0007 DM 0008 DM 0009 DM 0010 DM 0011 DM 0012 DM 0013 DM 0014 DM 0015 0100 0200 0210 0400 0500 0600 0210 0800 0900 1000 0210 1200 1300 1400 0210 1600
R: 216
IR 21600 IR 21601 IR 21602 IR 21603 IR 21604 IR 21605 IR 21606 IR 21607 IR 21608 IR 21609 IR 21610 IR 21611 IR 21612 IR 21613 IR 21614 IR 21615 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
Compare the data in IR 001 with the given ranges.
5-19-3 BLOCK COMPARE BCMP(68)

BCMP(68) CD CB R @BCMP(68) CB: First comparison block word CD CB R IR, SR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR R: Result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR CD: Compare data IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
Limitations
Each lower limit word in the comparison block must be less than or equal to the upper limit. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R.
Description
When the execution condition is OFF, BCMP(68) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, BCMP(68) compares CD to the ranges defined by a block consisting of CB, CB+1, CB+2, ..., CB+31. Each range is defined by two words, the first one providing the lower limit and the second word providing the upper limit. If CD is found to be within any of these ranges (inclusive of the upper and lower limits), the corresponding bit in R is set. The comparisons that are made and the corresponding bit in R that is set for each true comparison are shown below. The rest of the bits in R will be turned OFF.
275
CB CD CB+1 CB+2 CD CB+3 CB+4 CD CB+5 CB+6 CD CB+7 CB+8 CD CB+9 CB+10 CD CB+11 CB+12 CD CB+13 CB+14 CD CB+15 CB+16 CD CB+17 CB+18 CD CB+19 CB+20 CD CB+21 CB+22 CD CB+23 CB+24 CD CB+25 CB+26 CD CB+27 CB+28 CD CB+29 CB+30 CD CB+31 Bit 00 Bit 01 Bit 02 Bit 03 Bit 04 Bit 05 Bit 06 Bit 07 Bit 08 Bit 09 Bit 10 Bit 11 Bit 12 Bit 13 Bit 14 Bit 15
Section 5-19
Flags
ER:
The comparison block (i.e., CB through CB+31) exceeds the data area. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
Example
The following example shows the comparisons made and the results provided for BCMP(68). Here, the comparison is made during each cycle when IR 00000 is ON.
00000 BCMP(68) 001 DM 0010 LR 05
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD BCMP(68)
Operands 00000 001 0010 05
DM LR
CD 001
001 0210
Lower limits
Upper limits
R:LR 05
LR 0500 LR 0501 LR 0502 LR 0503 LR 0504 LR 0505 LR 0506 LR 0507 LR 0508 LR 0509 LR 0510 LR 0511 LR 0512 LR 0513 LR 0514 LR 0515 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Compare data in IR 001 (which contains 0210) with the given ranges.
276
Section 5-19
5-19-4 DOUBLE COMPARE CMPL(60)

Ladder Symbols
CMPL(60) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR Cp1 Cp2: First word of second compare word pair Cp2 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Operand Data Areas

Cp1: First word of first compare word pair
Limitations
Cp1 and Cp1+1 must be in the same data area. Cp2 and Cp2+1 must be in the same data area. Set the third operand to 000. When the execution condition is OFF, CMPL(60) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, CMPL(60) joins the 4-digit hexadecimal content of Cp1+1 with that of Cp1, and that of Cp2+1 with that of Cp2 to create two 8-digit hexadecimal numbers, Cp+1,Cp1 and Cp2+1,Cp2. The two 8-digit numbers are then compared and the result is output to the GR, EQ, and LE flags in the SR area. Placing other instructions between CMPL(60) and the operation which accesses the EQ, LE, and GR flags may change the status of these flags. Be sure to access them before the desired status is changed. ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if Cp1+1,Cp1 is greater than Cp2+1,Cp2. ON if Cp1+1,Cp1 equals Cp2+1,Cp2. ON if Cp1+1,Cp1 is less than Cp2+1,Cp2.
Description
Precautions
Flags
GR: EQ: LE: Example: Saving CMPL(60) Results
The following example shows how to save the comparison result immediately. If the content of HR 10, HR 09 is greater than that of 011, 010, then 10000 is turned ON; if the two contents are equal, 10001 is turned ON; if content of HR 10, HR 09 is less than that of 011, 010, then 10002 is turned ON. In some applications, only one of the three OUTs would be necessary, making the use of TR 0 unnecessary. With this type of programming, 10000, 10001, and 10002 are changed only when CMPL(60) is executed.
Address
CMPL(60) HR 09 010 ---
00000
TR 0
Instruction LD OUT CMPL(60)
Operands 00000 0 09 010 25505 10000 0 25506 10001 0 25507 10002
00000 00001 00002
TR HR
25505 10000 Greater Than
25506 10001 Equal
25507 10002 Less Than
00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009 00010
AND OUT LD AND OUT LD AND OUT
TR
TR
277
Section 5-19
5-19-5 MULTI-WORD COMPARE MCMP(19)

MCMP(19) TB1 TB2 R @MCMP(19) TB2: First word of table 2 TB1 TB2 R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR R: Result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR TB1: First word of table 1 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
TB1 and TB1+15 must be in the same data area. TB2 and TB2+15 must be in the same data area. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, MCMP(19) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MCMP(19) compares the content of TB1 to TB2, TB1+1 to TB2+1, TB1+2 to TB2+2, ..., and TB1+15 to TB2+15. If the first pair is equal, the first bit in R is turned OFF, etc., i.e., if the content of TB1 equals the content of TB2, bit 00 is turned OFF, if the content of TB1+1 equals the content of TB2+1, bit 01 is turned OFF, etc. The rest of the bits in R will be turned ON. ER: One of the tables (i.e., TB1 through TB1+15, or TB2 through TB2+15) exceeds the data area. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) EQ: ON if the entire contents of both tables are equal and R=0000.
Description
Flags
278
Example
Section 5-19
The following example shows the comparisons made and the results provided for MCMP(19). Here, the comparison is made during each cycle when 00000 is ON.
00000 MCMP(19) 100 DM 0200 DM 0300
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD MCMP(19)
Operands 00000 100 0200 0300
DM DM
TB1: IR 100
IR 100 IR 101 IR 102 IR 103 IR 104 IR 105 IR 106 IR 107 IR 108 IR 109 IR 110 IR 111 IR 112 IR 113 IR 114 IR 115 0100 0200 0210 ABCD ABCD ABCD ABCD 0800 0900 1000 ABCD ABCD ABCD 1400 0210 1212
TB2: DM 0200
R: DM 0300
5-19-6 SIGNED BINARY COMPARE CPS()

Ladder Symbols
CPS() IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # Cp1 Cp2: Second compare word Cp2 000 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # 000 Not used. Set to 000.
Operand Data Areas

Description
When the execution condition is OFF, CPS() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, CPS() compares the 16-bit (4-digit) signed binary contents in Cp1 and Cp2 and outputs the result to the GR, EQ, and LE flags in the SR area. Placing other instructions between CPS() and the operation which accesses the EQ, LE, and GR flags may change the status of these flags. Be sure to access them before the desired status is changed.
Precautions
279
Flags ER:
Section 5-19
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if Cp1 equals Cp2. ON if Cp1 is less than Cp2. ON if Cp1 is greater than Cp2.
Comparison result Cp1 < Cp2 Cp1 = Cp2 Cp1 > Cp2 Flag status GR (SR 25505) EQ (SR 25506) 0 0 0 1 1 0 LE (SR 25507) 1 0 0
EQ: LE: GR:
Example
In the following example, the content of 102 is greater than that of DM 0020, so 10000 is turned ON and the other bits, 10001 and 10002, are turned OFF.
TR 0 CPS() 102 DM 0020 000 25505 10000 Greater Than
Address 00000 00001 00002
Instruction LD OUT CPS()
Operands 00500 0 102 0020 000 25505 10000 0 25506 10001 0 25507 10002
00500
TR
DM 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009 00010 AND OUT LD AND OUT LD AND OUT
25506 10001 Equal
TR
25507 10002 Less Than
TR
Cp1: 102 F A
>
Cp2: DM 0020 A E 3 5 (20,939 decimal)
(28,580 decimal)
5-19-7 DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY COMPARE CPSL()

Ladder Symbols
CPSL() IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # Cp1 Cp2: Second compare word Cp2 000 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # 000 Not used. Set to 000.
Operand Data Areas

Description
When the execution condition is OFF, CPSL() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, CPSL() compares the 32-bit (8-digit) signed binary contents in Cp1+1, Cp1 and Cp2+1, Cp2 and outputs the result to the GR, EQ, and LE flags in the SR area.
280
Precautions
Section 5-19
Placing other instructions between CPSL() and the operation which accesses the EQ, LE, and GR flags may change the status of these flags. Be sure to access them before the desired status is changed. ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if Cp1+1, Cp1 equals Cp2+1, Cp2. ON if Cp1+1, Cp1 is less than Cp2+1, Cp2. ON if Cp1+1, Cp1 is greater than Cp2+1, Cp2.
Comparison result Cp1+1, Cp1 < Cp2+1, Cp2 Cp1+1, Cp1 = Cp2+1, Cp2 Cp1+1, Cp1 > Cp2+1, Cp2 Flag status GR (SR 25505) EQ (SR 25506) 0 0 0 1 1 0 LE (SR 25507) 1 0 0
Flags
EQ: LE: GR:
Example
In the following example, the content of 103, 102 is less than that of DM 0021, DM 0020, so 10002 is turned ON and the other bits, 10000 and 10001, are turned OFF.
TR 0 CPSL() 102 DM 0020 000 25505 10000 Greater Than
Address 00000 00001 00002
Instruction LD OUT CPSL()
Operands 00500 0 102 0020 000 25505 10000 0 25506 10001 0 25507 10002
00500
TR
DM 00003 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009 00010 AND OUT LD AND OUT LD AND OUT
25506 10001 Equal
TR
25507 10002 Less Than
TR
Cp1+1: 103 2 B 6
Cp1: 102 5 7
<
Cp2+1: DM 0021 0 5 6 A
Cp2: DM 0020 9 9 D B
(2,101,938,823 decimal)
(90,872,283 decimal)
281
Section 5-19
5-19-8 AREA RANGE COMPARE ZCP()

Operand Data Areas Ladder Symbol
ZCP() LL: Lower limit of range CD LL UL IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # UL: Upper limit of range IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # CD: Compare data IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
LL must be less than or equal to UL. When the execution condition is OFF, ZCP() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ZCP() compares CD to the range defined by lower limit LL and upper limit UL and outputs the result to the GR, EQ, and LE flags in the SR area. The resulting flag status is shown in the following table.
Comparison result CD < LL LL CD UL UL < CD Flag status GR (SR 25505) EQ (SR 25506) 0 0 0 1 1 0 LE (SR 25507) 1 0 0
Precautions
Placing other instructions between ZCP() and the operation which accesses the EQ, LE, and GR flags may change the status of these flags. Be sure to access them before the desired status is changed. ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) LL is greater than UL. EQ: LE: GR: ON if LL CD UL ON if CD < LL. ON if CD > UL.
Flags
282
Example
Section 5-19
In the following example, the content of IR 002 (#6FA4) is compared to the range #0010 to #AB1F. Since #0010 #6FA4 #AB1F, the EQ flag and IR 10001 are turned ON.
00000
TR 0 ZCP() 002 #0010 #AB1F
25505 10000
Greater Than (above range)
25506 10001 25507 10002 Less Than (below range) Equal (within range)
Address 00000 00001 00002
Instruction LD OUT ZCP()
Operands 00000 0 002 0010 AB1F 25505
Address 00004 00005 00006 00007 00008 00009 00010
Instruction OUT LD AND OUT LD AND OUT
Operands 10000 0 25506 10001 0 25507 10002
TR
TR
# # 00003 AND
TR
LL: #0010 0 0 1 0
<
CD: 002 F A
<
UL: #AB1F A B 1 F
10000: OFF 10001: ON 10002: OFF
5-19-9 DOUBLE AREA RANGE COMPARE ZCPL()

ZCPL() LL: Lower limit of range CD LL UL IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR UL: Upper limit of range IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR CD: Compare data IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
The 8-digit value in LL+1,LL must be less than or equal to UL+1,UL. When the execution condition is OFF, ZCPL() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ZCPL() compares the 8-digit value in CD, CD+1 to the range defined by lower limit LL+1,LL and upper limit UL+1,UL and outputs the result to the GR, EQ, and LE flags in the SR area. The resulting flag status is shown in the following table.
283
Conversion Instructions
Comparison result GR (SR 25505) CD , CD+1< LL+1,LL LL+1,LL CD, CD+1 UL+1,UL UL+1,UL < CD, CD+1 0 0 1 0 1 0
Section 5-20
Flag status EQ (SR 25506) 1 0 0 LE (SR 25507)
Precautions
Placing other instructions between ZCPL() and the operation which accesses the EQ, LE, and GR flags may change the status of these flags. Be sure to access them before the desired status is changed. ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) LL+1,LL is greater than UL+1,UL. EQ: LE: GR: ON if LL+1,LL CD, CD+1 UL+1,UL ON if CD, CD+1 < LL+1,LL. ON if CD, CD+1 > UL+1,UL.
Flags
5-20 Conversion Instructions

5-20-1 BCD-TO-BINARY BIN(23)
Ladder Symbols
BIN(23) S R @BIN(23) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR S R: Result word R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

S: Source word (BCD)
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, BIN(23) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, BIN(23) converts the BCD content of S into the numerically equivalent binary bits, and outputs the binary value to R. Only the content of R is changed; the content of S is left unchanged.
BCD S
Binary
BIN(23) can be used to convert BCD to binary so that displays on the Programming Console or any other programming device will appear in hexadecimal rather than decimal. It can also be used to convert to binary to perform binary arithmetic operations rather than BCD arithmetic operations, e.g., when BCD and binary values must be added. Flags ER: The content of S is not BCD. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
284
EQ: ON when the result is zero.
Section 5-20
5-20-2 BINARY-TO-BCD BCD(24)

Ladder Symbols
BCD(24) S R @BCD(24) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR S R: Result word R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

S: Source word (binary)
Limitations
If the content of S exceeds 270F, the converted result would exceed 9999 and BCD(24) will not be executed. When the instruction is not executed, the content of R remains unchanged. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R.
Description
BCD(24) converts the binary (hexadecimal) content of S into the numerically equivalent BCD bits, and outputs the BCD bits to R. Only the content of R is changed; the content of S is left unchanged.
Binary S
BCD
BCD(24) can be used to convert binary to BCD so that displays on the Programming Console or any other programming device will appear in decimal rather than hexadecimal. It can also be used to convert to BCD to perform BCD arithmetic operations rather than binary arithmetic operations, e.g., when BCD and binary values must be added. Flags ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON when the result is zero.
EQ:
5-20-3 DOUBLE BCD-TO-DOUBLE BINARY BINL(58)

Ladder Symbols
BINL(58) S R @BINL(58) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR S R: First result word R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

S: First source word (BCD)
Limitations
DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R.
285
Description
Section 5-20
When the execution condition is OFF, BINL(58) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, BINL(58) converts an eight-digit number in S and S+1 into 32-bit binary data, and outputs the converted data to R and R+1.
BCD S+1 S
Binary
R+1
Flags
ER:
The contents of S and/or S+1 words are not BCD. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
EQ:
ON when the result is zero.
5-20-4 DOUBLE BINARY-TO-DOUBLE BCD BCDL(59)

Ladder Symbols
BCDL(59) S R @BCDL(59) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR S R: First result word R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

S: First source word (binary)
Limitations
If the content of S exceeds 05F5E0FF, the converted result would exceed 99999999 and BCDL(59) will not be executed. When the instruction is not executed, the content of R and R+1 remain unchanged. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R.
Description
BCDL(59) converts the 32-bit binary content of S and S+1 into eight digits of BCD data, and outputs the converted data to R and R+1.
Binary S+1 S
BCD
R+1
Flags
ER:
Content of R and R+1 exceeds 99999999. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
EQ:
286
Section 5-20
5-20-5 4-TO-16 DECODER MLPX(76)

MLPX(76) S Di R @MLPX(76) Di: Digit designator S Di R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR S: Source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
The rightmost two digits of Di must each be between 0 and 3. All result words must be in the same data area. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, MLPX(76) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MLPX(76) converts up to four, four-bit hexadecimal digits from S into decimal values from 0 to 15, each of which is used to indicate a bit position. The bit whose number corresponds to each converted value is then turned ON in a result word. If more than one digit is specified, then one bit will be turned ON in each of consecutive words beginning with R. (See examples, below.) The following is an example of a one-digit decode operation from digit number 1 of S, i.e., here Di would be 0001.
Source word C
Description
Bit C (i.e., bit number 12) turned ON. First result word 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
The first digit and the number of digits to be converted are designated in Di. If more digits are designated than remain in S (counting from the designated first digit), the remaining digits will be taken starting back at the beginning of S. The final word required to store the converted result (R plus the number of digits to be converted) must be in the same data area as R, e.g., if two digits are converted, the last word address in a data area cannot be designated; if three digits are converted, the last two words in a data area cannot be designated. Digit Designator The digits of Di are set as shown below.
Specifies the first digit to be converted (0 to 3) Number of digits to be converted (0 to 3) 0: 1 digit 1: 2 digits 2: 3 digits 3: 4 digits Not used (Set to zero)
287
Section 5-20
Some example Di values and the digit-to-word conversions that they produce are shown below.
Di: 0010 S 0 1 2 3 Di: 0031 S 0 1 2 3 R R+1 R+2 R+3 S 0 1 2 3 R R+1 R+2 R R+1 S 0 1 2 3 Di: 0023 R R+1 R+2 R+3 Di: 0030
Flags
ER:
Undefined digit designator, or R plus number of digits exceeds a data area. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
Example
The following program converts digits 1 to 3 of data from DM 0020 to bit positions and turns ON the corresponding bits in three consecutive words starting with HR 10. Digit 0 is not converted.
MLPX(76) DM 0020 #0021 HR 10
00000
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD MLPX(76)
Operands 00000 DM # HR 0020 0021 10
S: DM 0020
R: HR 10
HR 1000 HR 1001 HR 1002 HR 1003 HR 1004 HR 1005 HR 1006 HR 1007 HR 1008 HR 1009 HR 1010 HR 1011 HR 1012 HR 1013 HR 1014 HR 1015 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
R+1: HR 11
R+2: HR 12
Not Converted
1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
15
288
Section 5-20
5-20-6 16-TO-4 ENCODER DMPX(77)

DMPX(77) SB R Di @DMPX(77) R: Result word SB R Di IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Di: Digit designator IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # SB: First source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
The rightmost two digits of Di must each be between 0 and 3. All source words must be in the same data area. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for SB, R, or Di.
Description
When the execution condition is OFF, DMPX(77) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, DMPX(77) determines the position of the highest ON bit in S, encodes it into single-digit hexadecimal value corresponding to the bit number of the highest ON bit number, then transfers the hexadecimal value to the specified digit in R. The digits to receive the results are specified in Di, which also specifies the number of digits to be encoded. The following is an example of a one-digit encode operation to digit number 1 of R, i.e., here Di would be 0001.
First source word 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0
C transferred to indicate bit number 12 as the highest ON bit. Result word C
Up to four digits from four consecutive source words starting with S may be encoded and the digits written to R in order from the designated first digit. If more digits are designated than remain in R (counting from the designated first digit), the remaining digits will be placed at digits starting back at the beginning of R. The final word to be converted (S plus the number of digits to be converted) must be in the same data area as SB. Digit Designator The digits of Di are set as shown below.
Digit numbers: 3 2 1 0
Specifies the first digit to receive converted data (0 to 3). Number of words to be converted (0 to 3) 0: 1 word 1: 2 words 2: 3 words 3: 4 words Not used.
289
Section 5-20
Some example Di values and the word-to-digit conversions that they produce are shown below.
Di: 0011 R S S+1 0 1 2 3 Di: 0013 R S S+1 0 1 2 3 S S+1 S+2 S+3 S S+1 S+2 S+3 Di: 0032 R 0 1 2 3 Di: 0030 R 0 1 2 3
Flags
ER:
Undefined digit designator, or S plus number of digits exceeds a data area. Content of a source word is zero. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
Example
When 00000 is ON, the following diagram encodes IR words 010 and 011 to the first two digits of HR 10 and then encodes LR 10 and 11 to the last two digits of HR 10. Although the status of each source word bit is not shown, it is assumed that the bit with status 1 (ON) shown is the highest bit that is ON in the word.
DMPX(77) 010 HR 10 #0010
00000
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD DMPX(77)
Operands 00000 010 10 0010 10 10 0012
DMPX(77) LR 10 HR 10 #0012
HR # 00002 DMPX(77) LR HR #
IR 010 01000 : 01011 01012 : : 01015 1 0 : 0
IR 011 01100 : 01109 01110 : : 01115 1 0 : 0 HR 10

Digit 0 Digit 1
B 9 1 8
LR 10 LR 1000 LR 1001 1 LR 1002 0 : : : : : :
LR 11 LR 1100 : LR 1108 1 LR 1109 0 : : : LR 1115 0
Digit 2 Digit 3
LR 1015 0
290
Section 5-20
5-20-7 7-SEGMENT DECODER SDEC(78)

SDEC(78) S Di D @SDEC(78) Di: Digit designator S Di D IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # D: First destination word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR S: Source word (binary) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
Di must be within the values given below. All destination words must be in the same data area. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D. When the execution condition is OFF, SDEC(78) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SDEC(78) converts the designated digit(s) of S into the equivalent 8-bit, 7-segment display code and places it into the destination word(s) beginning with D. Any or all of the digits in S may be converted in sequence from the designated first digit. The first digit, the number of digits to be converted, and the half of D to receive the first 7-segment display code (rightmost or leftmost 8 bits) are designated in Di. If multiple digits are designated, they will be placed in order starting from the designated half of D, each requiring two digits. If more digits are designated than remain in S (counting from the designated first digit), further digits will be used starting back at the beginning of S. The digits of Di are set as shown below.
Description
Digit Designator
Specifies the first digit of S to be converted (0 to 3). Number of digits to be converted (0 to 3) 0: 1 digit 1: 2 digits 2: 3 digits 3: 4 digits First half of D to be used. 0: Rightmost 8 bits (1st half) 1: Leftmost 8 bits (2nd half) Not used; set to 0.
291
Section 5-20
Some example Di values and the 4-bit binary to 7-segment display conversions that they produce are shown below.
Di: 0011 S digits 0 1 2 3 D 1st half 2nd half 0 1 2 3 D+1 1st half 2nd half Di: 0112 S digits 0 1 2 3 D+1 1st half 2nd half Di: 0130 S digits 0 1 2 3 Di: 0030 S digits D 1st half 2nd half
D 1st half 2nd half
D 1st half 2nd half D+1 1st half 2nd half D+2 1st half 2nd half
292
Example
Section 5-20
The following example shows the data to produce an 8. The lower case letters show which bits correspond to which segments of the 7-segment display. The table underneath shows the original data and converted code for all hexadecimal digits.
00000 @ SDEC(78) DM 0010 LR 07 100
LR 07
DM 0010
IR 100 f
a b
0 1 0 0 0 0 x101 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x103 Not used. 3 x102 0 or 1: 0 Bits 00 through 07 1 Bits 08 through 15. 2 0: One digit 1 x100 1: Second digit
20 21 0 22 23 20 21 22 23 20 21 22 23 20 21 22 23
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 8
Bit 00
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
a b c d e f g e
Bit 07
Digit 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
Original data Bits 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Converted code (segments) g f e d c b 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0
Display a
293
Flags ER:
Section 5-20
Incorrect digit designator, or data area for destination exceeded. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
5-20-8 ASCII CONVERT ASC(86)

ASC(86) S Di D @ASC(86) Di: Digit designator S Di D IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # D: First destination word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR S: Source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
Di must be within the values given below. All destination words must be in the same data area. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D.
Description
When the execution condition is OFF, ASC(86) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ASC(86) converts the designated digit(s) of S into the equivalent 8-bit ASCII code and places it into the destination word(s) beginning with D. Any or all of the digits in S may be converted in order from the designated first digit. The first digit, the number of digits to be converted, and the half of D to receive the first ASCII code (rightmost or leftmost 8 bits) are designated in Di. If multiple digits are designated, they will be placed in order starting from the designated half of D, each requiring two digits. If more digits are designated than remain in S (counting from the designated first digit), further digits will be used starting back at the beginning of S. Note Refer to Appendix H for a table of ASCII characters.
Digit Designator
The digits of Di are set as shown below.

Specifies the first digit to be converted (0 to 3). Number of digits to be converted (0 to 3) 0: 1 digit 1: 2 digits 2: 3 digits 3: 4 digits First half of D to be used. 0: Rightmost 8 bits (1st half) 1: Leftmost 8 bits (2nd half) Parity 0: none 1: even 2: odd
294
Section 5-20
Some examples of Di values and the 4-bit binary to 8-bit ASCII conversions that they produce are shown below.
Di: 0011 S 0 1 2 3 D 1st half 2nd half S 0 1 2 3 D+1 1st half 2nd half Di: 0112 S 0 1 2 3 D+1 1st half 2nd half D 1st half 2nd half S 0 1 2 3 D+1 1st half 2nd half D+2 1st half 2nd half Di: 0130 D 1st half 2nd half Di: 0030 D 1st half 2nd half
Parity
The leftmost bit of each ASCII character (2 digits) can be automatically adjusted for either even or odd parity. If no parity is designated, the leftmost bit will always be zero. When even parity is designated, the leftmost bit will be adjusted so that the total number of ON bits is even, e.g., when adjusted for even parity, ASCII 31 (00110001) will be B1 (10110001: parity bit turned ON to create an even number of ON bits); ASCII 36 (00110110) will be 36 (00110110: parity bit turned OFF because the number of ON bits is already even). The status of the parity bit does not affect the meaning of the ASCII code. When odd parity is designated, the leftmost bit of each ASCII character will be adjusted so that there is an odd number of ON bits. ER: Incorrect digit designator, or data area for destination exceeded. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
Flags
5-20-9 ASCII-TO-HEXADECIMAL HEX()

HEX() S Di D @HEX() Di: Digit designator S Di D IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # D: Destination word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR S: First source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
295
Limitations
Section 5-20
Di must be within the values given below. All source words must be in the same data area. Bytes in the source words must contain the ASCII code equivalent of hexadecimal values, i.e., 30 to 39 (0 to 9) or 41 to 46 (A to F). DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D. When the execution condition is OFF, HEX() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, HEX() converts the designated byte(s) of ASCII code from the source word(s) into the hexadecimal equivalent and places it into D. Up to 4 ASCII codes may be converted beginning with the designated first byte of S. The converted hexadecimal values are then placed in D in order from the designated digit. The first byte (rightmost or leftmost 8 bits), the number of bytes to be converted, and the digit of D to receive the first hexadecimal value are designated in Di. If multiple bytes are designated, they will be converted in order starting from the designated half of S and continuing to S+1 and S+2, if necessary. If more digits are designated than remain in D (counting from the designated first digit), further digits will be used starting back at the beginning of D. Digits in D that do not receive converted data will not be changed. The digits of Di are set as shown below.
Description
Digit Designator
Specifies the first digit of D to be used (0 to 3). Number of bytes to be converted (0 to 3) 0: 1 byte (2-digit ASCII code) 1: 2 bytes 2: 3 bytes 3: 4 bytes First byte of S to be used. 0: Rightmost 8 bits (1st byte) 1: Leftmost 8 bits (2nd byte) Parity 0: none 1: even 2: odd
296
Section 5-20
Some examples of Di values and the 8-bit ASCII to 4-bit hexadecimal conversions that they produce are shown below.
Di: 0011 S 1st byte 2nd byte D 0 1 2 3 S+1 1st byte 2nd byte Di: 0023 S 1st byte 2nd byte S+1 1st byte 2nd byte D 0 1 2 3 S+1 1st byte 2nd byte S+2 1st byte 2nd byte S 1st byte 2nd byte D 0 1 2 3 Di: 0133 S 1st byte 2nd byte Di: 0030 D 0 1 2 3
ASCII Code Table
The following table shows the ASCII codes before conversion and the hexadecimal values after conversion. Refer to Appendix H for a table of ASCII characters.
Original data ASCII Code 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 41 42 43 44 45 46 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 Bit status (See note.) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 Digit 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 Converted data Bits 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
Note The leftmost bit of each ASCII code is adjusted for parity. Parity The leftmost bit of each ASCII character (2 digits) is automatically adjusted for either even or odd parity. With no parity, the leftmost bit should always be zero. With odd or even parity, the leftmost bit of each ASCII character should be adjusted so that there is an odd or even number of ON bits. If the parity of the ASCII code in S does not agree with the parity specified in Di, the ER Flag (SR 25503) will be turned ON and the instruction will not be executed.
297
Flags ER:
Section 5-20
Incorrect digit designator, or data area for destination exceeded. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
Example
In the following example, the 2nd byte of LR 10 and the 1st byte of LR 11 are converted to hexadecimal values and those values are written to the first and second bytes of IR 010.
00000 @HEX() LR 10 HR 10 010
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD @HEX()
Operands 00000 LR HR 10 10 010
HR 10 0 1 1 0
LR 12
3 5 3 4
LR 11
4 2 3 2
LR 10
3 1 3 0 Conversion to hexadecimal
010 0 0 2 1
5-20-10 SCALING SCL(66)

Ladder Symbols
SCL(66) S P1 R @SCL(66) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # S P1: First parameter word P1 R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR R: Result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

S: Source word
Limitations P1 through P1+3 must be in the same data area. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for P1 through P1+3 or R. Description SCL(66) is used to linearly convert a 4-digit hexadecimal value to a 4-digit BCD value. Unlike BCD(24), which converts a 4-digit hexadecimal value to its 4-digit BCD equivalent (Shex SBCD), SCL(66) can convert the hexadecimal value according to a specified linear relationship. The conversion line is defined by two points specified in the parameter words P1 to P1+3. When the execution condition is OFF, SCL(66) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SCL(66) converts the 4-digit hexadecimal value in S to the 4-digit BCD value on the line defined by points (P1, P1+1) and (P1+2, P1+3), and places the results in R. The results is rounded off to the nearest integer. If the results is less than 0000, then 0000 is written to R, and if the result is greater than 9999, then 9999 is written to R.
298
Section 5-20
The following table shows the functions and ranges of the parameter words:
Parameter P1 P1+1 P1+2 P1+3 Function BCD point #1 (AY) Hex. point #1 (AX) BCD point #2 (BY) Hex. point #2 (BX) Range 0000 to 9999 0000 to FFFF 0000 to 9999 0000 to FFFF --Do not set P1+1=P1+3. --Do not set P1+3=P1+1. Comments
The following diagram shows the source word, S, converted to D according to the line defined by points (AY, AX) and (BY, BX).
Value after conversion (BCD) BY
R AY
AX
BX
Value before conversion (Hexadecimal)
The results can be calculated by first converting all values to BCD and then using the following formula. Results = BY [(BY AY)/(BX AX) X (BX S)] Flags ER: The value in P1+1 equals that in P1+3. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) P1 and P1+3 are not in the same data area, or other setting error. EQ: Example ON when the result, R, is 0000.
When 00000 is turned ON in the following example, the BCD source data in DM 0100 (#0100) is converted to hexadecimal according to the parameters in DM 0150 to DM 0153. The result (#0512) is then written to DM 0200.
00000 @SCL(66) DM 0100 DM 0150 DM 0200
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD @SCL(66)
Operands 00000 DM DM DM 0100 0150 0200
DM 0150 DM 0151 DM 0152 DM 0153
0010 0005 0050 0019
DM 0100
0100
DM 0200
0512
299
Section 5-20
5-20-11 SIGNED BINARY TO BCD SCALING SCL2()

Ladder Symbols
SCL2() S P1 R @SCL2() IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR S P1: First parameter word P1 R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR R: Result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

S: Source word
Limitations P1 through P1+2 must be in the same data area. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. Description SCL2() is used to linearly convert a 4-digit signed hexadecimal value to a 4-digit BCD value. Unlike BCD(24), which converts a 4-digit hexadecimal value to its 4-digit BCD equivalent (Shex SBCD), SCL2() can convert the signed hexadecimal value according to a specified linear relationship. The conversion line is defined by the x-intercept and the slope of the line specified in the parameter words P1 to P1+2. When the execution condition is OFF, SCL2() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SCL2() converts the 4-digit signed hexadecimal value in S to the 4-digit BCD value on the line defined by the x-intercept (P1, 0) and the slope (P1+2 P1+1) and places the results in R. The result is rounded off to the nearest integer. If the result is negative, then CY is set to 1. If the result is less than 9999, then 9999 is written to R. If the result is greater than 9999, then 9999 is written to R. The following table shows the functions and ranges of the parameter words:
Parameter P1 P1+1 P1+2 Function x-intercept (signed hex.) X (signed hex.) Y (BCD) Range 8000 to 7FFF (32,768 to 32,767) 8000 to 7FFF (32,768 to 32,767) 0000 to 9999
The following diagram shows the source word, S, converted to R according to the line defined by the point (P1, 0) and slope Y/X.
Value after conversion (BCD) Y R X
S X-intercept
Value before conversion (Signed hexadecimal)
300
Section 5-20
The result can be calculated by first converting all signed hexadecimal values to BCD and then using the following formula. R + DY DX (SP1)
Flags
ER:
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) P1 and P1+2 are not in the same data area, or other setting error. ON when the result, R, is negative. ON when the result, R, is 0000.
CY: EQ: Example
When 05000 is turned ON in the following example, the signed binary source data in 001 (#FFE2) is converted to BCD according to the parameters in DM 0000 to DM 0002. The result (#0018) is then written to LR 00 and CY is turned ON because the result is negative.
05000 @SCL2() 001 DM 0000 LR 00
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD @SCL2()
Operands 05000 001 0000 00
DM LR
2 DM 0000 DM 0001 DM 0002 FFFD 0003 0002 FFFD FFE2 3
IR 001
FFE2
LR 00 0018
0018
CY=1
R + 0002 0003 +2 3
(FFE2FFFD) (1B) + 18
CY flag is turned ON because the conversion result is negative.
5-20-12 BCD TO SIGNED BINARY SCALING SCL3()

Ladder Symbols
SCL3() S P1 R @SCL3() IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR S P1: First parameter word P1 R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR R: Result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

S: Source word
Limitations
P1+1 must be BCD. P1 through P1+4 must be in the same data area. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R.
301
Description
Section 5-20
SCL3() is used to linearly convert a 4-digit BCD value to 4-digit signed hexadecimal. SCL3() converts the BCD value according to a specified linear relationship. The conversion line is defined by the y-intercept and the slope of the line specified in the parameter words P1 to P1+2. When the execution condition is OFF, SCL3() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SCL3() converts the 4-digit BCD value in S to the 4-digit signed hexadecimal value on the line defined by the y-intercept (0, P1) and the slope (P1+2 P1+1) and places the result in R. The result is rounded off to the nearest integer. The content of S can be 0000 to 9999, but S will be treated as a negative value if CY=1, so the effective range of S is actually 9999 to 9999. Be sure to set the desired sign in CY using STC(40) or CLC(41). Parameter words P1+3 and P1+4 define upper and lower limits for the result. If the result is greater than the upper limit in P1+3, then the upper limit is written to R. If the result is less than the lower limit in P1+4, then the lower limit is written to R.
Note The upper and lower limits for a 12-bit Analog Input Unit would be 07FF and F800. The following table shows the functions and ranges of the parameter words:
Parameter P1 P1+1 P1+2 P1+3 P1+4 Function x-intercept (signed hex.) X (BCD) Y (signed hex.) Upper limit (signed hex.) Lower limit (signed hex.) 0001 to 9999 8000 to 7FFF (32,768 to 32,767) 8000 to 7FFF (32,768 to 32,767) 8000 to 7FFF (32,768 to 32,767) Range 8000 to 7FFF (32,768 to 32,767)
Note Do not set 0000 for nX (4 digits BCD) in the second word (P1+1). The contents of P1+1 is used for division and correct conversion cannot be obtained when dividing by 0000. Correct results also cannot be obtained if a hexadecimal value is used. Always use BCD data between 0001 and 9999 for P1+1. The following diagram shows the source word, S, converted to R according to the line defined by the point (0, P1) and slope Y/X.
Value after conversion (Signed hexadecimal) Upper limit R X Y
Y-intercept Value before conversion (BCD)
Lower limit
The result can be calculated by first converting all BCD values to signed binary and then using the following formula. R+ DY DX S ) P1
302
Flags ER:
Section 5-20
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) The content of S is not BCD. CY: EQ: CY is not changed by SCL3(). (CY shows the sign of S before execution.) ON when the result, R, is 0000.
Example
The status of 00101 determines the sign of the BCD source word in the following example. If 00101 is ON, then the source word is negative. When 00100 is turned ON, the BCD source data in LR 02 is converted to signed binary according to the parameters in DM 0000 to DM 0004. The result is then written to DM 0100. (In the second conversion, the signed binary equivalent of 1035 is less than the lower limit specified in DM 0004, so the lower limit is written to DM 0100.)
25313 (Always ON) CLC(41) 00101 STC(40) 00100 @SCL3() LR 02 DM 0000 DM 0100
Address 00000 00001 00002 00101 00004 00005
Instruction LD CLC(41) LD STC(40) LD SCL3()
Operands 25313 00101 00100 LR DM DM 02 0000 0100
Signed hex. CY=0 6 3 0005 BCD DM 0000 DM 0001 DM 0002 DM 0003 DM 0004 0005 0003 0006 07FF F800 LR 02 0100 LR 02 CY=1 1035
DM 0100
00CD
DM 0100
F800
5-20-13 HOURS-TO-SECONDS SEC()

Ladder Symbols
SEC() S R 000 @SEC() S R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR 000 000: No function 000
Operand Data Areas

S: Beginning source word (BCD) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR R: Beginning result word (BCD)
Limitations
S and S+1 must be within the same data area. R and R+1 must be within the same data area. S and S+1 must be BCD and must be in the proper hours/minutes/seconds format. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R.
303
Description
Section 5-20
SEC() is used to convert time notation in hours/minutes/seconds to an equivalent in just seconds. For the source data, the seconds are designated in bits 00 through 07 and the minutes are designated in bits 08 through 15 of S. The hours are designated in S+1. The maximum is thus 9,999 hours, 59 minutes, and 59 seconds. The result is output to R and R+1. The maximum obtainable value is 35,999,999 seconds. ER: S and S+1 or R and R+1 are not in the same data area. S and/or S+1 do not contain BCD. Number of seconds and/or minutes exceeds 59. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) EQ: ON when the result is zero.
Flags
Example
When 00000 is OFF (i.e., when the execution condition is ON), the following instruction would convert the hours, minutes, and seconds given in HR 12 and HR 13 to seconds and store the results in DM 0100 and DM 0101 as shown.
SEC() HR 12 DM 0100 000
00000
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD NOT SEC()
Operands 00000 HR DM 12 0100 000
HR 12 HR 13
3 2
2 8
0 1
7 5
2,815 hrs, 32 min, 07 s
DM 0100 DM 0101
5 1
9 0
2 1
7 3
10,135,927 s
5-20-14 SECONDS-TO-HOURS HMS()

Ladder Symbols
HMS() S R 000 @HMS() S R: Beginning result word (BCD) R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR 000 000: No function 000
Operand Data Areas

S: Beginning source word (BCD) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
S and S+1 must be within the same data area. R and R+1 must be within the same data area. S and S+1 must be BCD and must be between 0 and 35,999,999 seconds. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. HMS() is used to convert time notation in seconds to an equivalent in hours/ minutes/seconds. The number of seconds designated in S and S+1 is converted to hours/minutes/ seconds and placed in R and R+1.
Description
304
Section 5-20
For the results, the seconds are placed in bits 00 through 07 and the minutes are placed in bits 08 through 15 of R. The hours are placed in R+1. The maximum is 9,999 hours, 59 minutes, and 59 seconds.
Flags
ER:
S and S+1 or R and R+1 are not in the same data area. S and/or S+1 do not contain BCD or exceed 36,000,000 seconds. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
EQ: Example
When 00000 is OFF (i.e., when the execution condition is ON), the following instruction would convert the seconds given in HR 12 and HR 13 to hours, minutes, and seconds and store the results in DM 0100 and DM 0101 as shown.
HMS() HR 12 DM 0100 000
00000
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD NOT HMS()
Operands 00000 HR DM 12 0100 000
HR 12 HR 13
5 1
9 0
2 1
7 3
10,135,927 s
DM 0100 DM 0101
3 2
2 8
0 1
7 5
2,815 hrs, 32 min, 07 s
5-20-15 COLUMN-TO-LINE LINE()

Ladder Symbols
LINE() S C D @LINE() IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR S C: Column bit designator (BCD) C D IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # D: Destination word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Operand Data Areas

S: First word of 16 word source set
Limitations
S and S+15 must be in the same data area. C must be BCD between #0000 and #0015. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D.
305
Description
Section 5-20
When the execution condition is OFF, LINE() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, LINE() copies bit column C from the 16-word set (S to S+15) to the 16 bits of word D (00 to 15).
Bit 15
Bit 00
S S+1 S+2 S+3 . . . S+15
0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
. . .
. . .
. . .
Bit 15 Bit 00
0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0
. . .
0 1 1 1
Flags
ER:
The column bit designator C is not BCD, or it is specifying a non-existent bit (i.e., bit specification must be between 00 and 15). Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) S and S+15 are not in the same data area.
EQ: Example
ON when the content of D is zero; otherwise OFF.
The following example shows how to use LINE() to move bit column 07 from the set (IR 100 to IR 115) to DM 0100.
LINE() 100 #0007 DM 0100
00000
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD LINE()
Operands 00000 100 0007 0100
# DM
5-20-16 LINE-TO-COLUMN COLM()

Ladder Symbols
COLM() S D C @COLM() IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR S D: First word of the destination set D C IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR C: Column bit designator (BCD) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
Operand Data Areas

S: Source word
Limitations
D and D+15 must be in the same data area. DM 6129 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D. C must be BCD between #0000 and #0015.
306
Description
Section 5-20
When the execution condition is OFF, COLM() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, COLM() copies the 16 bits of word S (00 to 15) to the column of bits, C, of the 16-word set (D to D+15).
Bit 15 Bit 00
0 1 1 1
Bit 15
Bit 00
D D+1 D+2 D+3 . . . D+15 Flags ER:
0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
. . .
. . .
. . .
0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0
The bit designator C is not BCD, or it is specifying a non-existent bit (i.e., bit specification must be between 00 and 15). Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) D and D+15 are not in the same data area.
EQ: Example
00000
ON when the content of S is zero; otherwise OFF.
The following example shows how to use COLM() to move the contents of word DM 0100 (00 to 15) to bit column 15 of the set (DM 0200 to DM 0215).
COLM() DM 0100 DM 0200 #0015
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD COLM()
Operands 00000 DM DM # 0100 0200 0015
5-20-17
2S COMPLEMENT NEG()
Ladder Symbols
NEG() S R 000 @NEG() S R: Result word R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR 000 000 Not used. Set to 000.
Operand Data Areas

S: Source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. Converts the four-digit hexadecimal content of the source word (S) to its 2s complement and outputs the result to the result word (R). This operation is effec-
307
Section 5-20
tively the same as subtracting S from 0000 and outputting the result to R; it will calculate the absolute value of negative signed binary data. If the content of S is 0000, the content of R will also be 0000 after execution and EQ (SR 25506) will be turned on. If the content of S is 8000, the content of R will also be 8000 after execution and UF (SR 25405) will be turned on.
Note Refer to 1-7 Calculating with Signed Binary Data for more details. Flags ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON when the content of R is zero after execution; otherwise OFF. ON when the content of S is 8000; otherwise OFF.
EQ: UF: Example
The following example shows how to use NEG() to find the 2s complement of the content of DM 0005 and output the result to IR 105.
00100 NEG() DM 0005 105 000
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD NEG()
Operands 00100 DM 0005 105 000
#0000
5-20-18
#001F
Content of DM 0005.
#FFE1
Output to IR 105.
DOUBLE 2S COMPLEMENT NEGL()

Ladder Symbols
NEGL() S R 000 @NEGL() S R: First result word R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR 000 000 Not used. Set to 000.
Operand Data Areas

S: First source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. S and S+1 must be in the same data area, as must R and R+1. Converts the eight-digit hexadecimal content of the source words (S and S+1) to its 2s complement and outputs the result to the result words (R and R+1). This operation is effectively the same as subtracting the eight-digit content S and S+1 from $0000 0000 and outputting the result to R and R+1; it will calculate the absolute value of negative signed binary data. If the content of S is 0000 0000, the content of R will also be 0000 0000 after execution and EQ (SR 25506) will be turned on.
308
Section 5-20
If the content of S is 8000 0000, the content of R will also be 8000 0000 after execution and UF (SR 25405) will be turned on.
Note Refer to 1-7 Calculating with Signed Binary Data for more details. Flags ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON when the content of R+1, R is zero after execution; otherwise OFF. ON when the content of S+1, S is 8000 0000; otherwise OFF.
EQ: UF: Example
The following example shows how to use NEGL() to find the 2s complement of the hexadecimal value in IR 151, IR 150 (001F FFFF) and output the result to HR 04, HR 03.
00000 NEGL() 150 LR 03 000
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD NEGL()
Operands 00000 150 03 000
LR
0000 S+1: IR 151
0000 S: IR 150 FFFF R: LR 03 0001
001F R+1: LR 04 FFE0
309
BCD Calculation Instructions
Section 5-21
5-21 BCD Calculation Instructions

5-21-1 SET CARRY STC(40)
Ladder Symbols
STC(40) @STC(40)
When the execution condition is OFF, STC(40) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, STC(40) turns ON CY (SR 25504). Note Refer to Appendix B Error and Arithmetic Flag Operation for a table listing the instructions that affect CY.
5-21-2 CLEAR CARRY CLC(41)

Ladder Symbols
CLC(41) @CLC(41)
When the execution condition is OFF, CLC(41) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, CLC(41) turns OFF CY (SR 25504). CLEAR CARRY is used to reset (turn OFF) CY (SR 25504) to 0. Note Refer to Appendix B Error and Arithmetic Flag Operation for a table listing the instructions that affect CY.
5-21-3 BCD ADD ADD(30)

ADD(30) Au Ad R @ADD(30) Ad: Addend word (BCD) Au Ad R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: Result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Au: Augend word (BCD) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, ADD(30) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ADD(30) adds the contents of Au, Ad, and CY, and places the result in R. CY will be set if the result is greater than 9999.
Au + Ad + CY
Flags ER: Au and/or Ad is not BCD.
CY
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) CY: ON when there is a carry in the result.
310

EQ: Example ON when the result is 0.
Section 5-21
If 00002 is ON, the program represented by the following diagram clears CY with CLC(41), adds the content of IR 030 to a constant (6103), places the result in DM 0100, and then moves either all zeros or 0001 into DM 0101 depending on the status of CY (25504). This ensures that any carry from the last digit is preserved in R+1 so that the entire result can be later handled as eight-digit data.
Address
CLC(41)
TR 0 00002
Instruction LD OUT CLC(41) AND(30)
Operands TR 00002 0
ADD(30) 030 #6103 DM 0100 25504 MOV(21) #0001 DM 0101 25504 MOV(21) #0000 DM 0101
00000 00001 00002 00003
# DM 00004 00005 AND MOV(21) # DM TR
030 6103 0100 25504 0001 0101 0 25504 0000 0101
00006 00007 00008
LD AND NOT MOV(21)
# DM
Although two ADD(30) can be used together to perform eight-digit BCD addition, ADDL(54) is designed specifically for this purpose.
5-21-4 BCD SUBTRACT SUB(31)

SUB(31) Mi Su R @SUB(31) Su: Subtrahend word (BCD) Mi Su R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: Result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Mi: Minuend word (BCD) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, SUB(31) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SUB(31) subtracts the contents of Su and CY from Mi, and places the result in R. If the result is negative, CY is set and the 10s complement of the actual result is placed in R. To convert the 10s complement to the true result, subtract the content of R from zero (see example below).
Mi Su CY
Flags ER: Mi and/or Su is not BCD.
CY
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
311

CY: EQ: ! Caution
Section 5-21
ON when the result is negative, i.e., when Mi is less than Su plus CY. ON when the result is 0.
Be sure to clear the carry flag with CLC(41) before executing SUB(31) if its previous status is not required, and check the status of CY after doing a subtraction with SUB(31). If CY is ON as a result of executing SUB(31) (i.e., if the result is negative), the result is output as the 10s complement of the true answer. To convert the output result to the true value, subtract the value in R from 0. When 00002 is ON, the following ladder program clears CY, subtracts the contents of DM 0100 and CY from the content of 010 and places the result in HR 10. If CY is set by executing SUB(31), the result in HR 10 is subtracted from zero (note that CLC(41) is again required to obtain an accurate result), the result is placed back in HR 10, and HR 1100 is turned ON to indicate a negative result. If CY is not set by executing SUB(31), the result is positive, the second subtraction is not performed, and HR 1100 is not turned ON. HR 1100 is programmed as a self-maintaining bit so that a change in the status of CY will not turn it OFF when the program is rescanned. In this example, differentiated forms of SUB(31) are used so that the subtraction operation is performed only once each time 00002 is turned ON. When another subtraction operation is to be performed, 00002 will need to be turned OFF for at least one cycle (resetting HR 1100) and then turned back ON.
Example
TR 0 00002 CLC(41)
@SUB(31) 010 DM 0100 HR 10 25504 CLC(41)
First subtraction
@SUB(31) #0000 HR 10 HR 10 25504 HR 1100
Second subtraction
HR 1100
Turned ON to indicate negative result.
312

Address 00000 00001 00002 00003 Instruction LD OUT CLC(41) @SUB(31) Operands TR 00002 0
Section 5-21
DM HR 00004 00005 00006 AND CLC(41) @SUB(31) # HR HR TR HR HR
010 0100 10 25504
00007 00008 00009 00010 00011
LD LD OR AND LD OUT
0000 10 10 0 25504 1100 1100
The first and second subtractions for this diagram are shown below using example data for 010 and DM 0100. Note The actual SUB(31) operation involves subtracting Su and CY from 10,000 plus Mi. For positive results the leftmost digit is truncated. For negative results the 10s complement is obtained. The procedure for establishing the correct answer is given below. First Subtraction IR 010 1029 DM 0100 3452 CY 0 HR 10 7577 (1029 + (10000 3452)) CY 1 (negative result) Second Subtraction 0000 HR 10 7577 CY 0 HR 10 2423 (0000 + (10000 7577)) CY 1 (negative result) In the above case, the program would turn ON HR 1100 to indicate that the value held in HR 10 is negative.
5-21-5 BCD MULTIPLY MUL(32)

MUL(32) Md Mr R @MUL(32) Mr: Multiplier (BCD) Md Mr R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Md: Multiplicand (BCD) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
Limitations
313

Description
Section 5-21
When the execution condition is OFF, MUL(32) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MUL(32) multiplies Md by the content of Mr, and places the result In R and R+1.
Md
X
R +1
Mr
Example
When IR 00000 is ON with the following program, the contents of IR 013 and DM 0005 are multiplied and the result is placed in HR 07 and HR 08. Example data and calculations are shown below the program.
00000 MUL(32) 013 DM 0005 HR 07
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD MUL(32)
Operands 00000 013 0005 07
DM HR
Md: IR 013 3 5 6
X
0 R+1: HR 08 0 0 8
Mr: DM 0005 0 2 5
R: HR 07 9 0
Flags
ER:
Md and/or Mr is not BCD. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
CY: EQ:
ON when there is a carry in the result. ON when the result is 0.
5-21-6 BCD DIVIDE DIV(33)

DIV(33) Dr: Divisor word (BCD) Dd Dr R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: First result word (BCD) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Dd: Dividend word (BCD) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
Limitations
R and R+1 must be in the same data area. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R.
314

Description
Section 5-21
When the execution condition is OFF, DIV(33) is not executed and the program moves to the next instruction. When the execution condition is ON, Dd is divided by Dr and the result is placed in R and R + 1: the quotient in R and the remainder in R + 1.
Remainder R+1 Quotient R
Dr
Dd
Flags
ER:
Dd or Dr is not in BCD. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
EQ: Example
ON when the result is 0.
When IR 00000 is ON with the following program, the content of IR 216 is divided by the content of HR 09 and the result is placed in DM 0017 and DM 0018. Example data and calculations are shown below the program.
Address
DIV(33) 216 HR 09 DM 0017
00000
Instruction LD DIV(33)
Operands 00000 216 09 0017
00000 00001
Quotient R: DM 0017 1 5 0
Remainder R + 1: DM 0018 0 0 0 2
HR DM
Dd: HR 09 0 0 3
Dd: IR 216 4 5 2
5-21-7 DOUBLE BCD ADD ADDL(54)

ADDL(54) Au Ad R @ADDL(54) Ad: First addend word (BCD) Au Ad R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Au: First augend word (BCD) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
315

Description
Section 5-21
When the execution condition is OFF, ADDL(54) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ADDL(54) adds the contents of CY to the 8-digit value in Au and Au+1 to the 8-digit value in Ad and Ad+1, and places the result in R and R+1. CY will be set if the result is greater than 99999999.
Au + 1 Ad + 1
Au Ad CY
+
CY R+1
Flags
ER:
Au and/or Ad is not BCD. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
CY: EQ: Example
When 00000 is ON, the following program section adds two 12-digit numbers, the first contained in LR 00 through LR 02 and the second in DM 0010 through DM 0012. The result is placed in HR 10 through HR 13. The rightmost 8 digits of the two numbers are added using ADDL(54), i.e., the contents of LR 00 and LR 01 are added to DM 0010 and DM 0011 and the results is placed in HR 10 and HR 11. The second addition adds the leftmost 4 digits of each number using ADD(30), and includes any carry from the first addition. The last instruction, ADB(50) (see 5-22-1 BINARY ADD ADB(50)) adds two allzero constants to place any carry from the second addition into HR 13.
00000 CLC(41) @ADDL(54) LR 00 DM 0010 HR 10 @ADD(30) LR 02 DM 0012 HR 12 @ADB(50) #0000 #0000 HR 13
Address 00000 00001 00002
Instruction LD CLC(41) @ADDL(54)
Operands 00000
LR DM HR 00003 @ADD(30) LR DM HR 00004 @ADB(50) # # HR
00 0010 10 02 0012 12 0000 0000 13
316
Section 5-21
5-21-8 DOUBLE BCD SUBTRACT SUBL(55)

SUBL(55) Mi Su R @SUBL(55) Su: First subtrahend word (BCD) Mi Su R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Mi: First minuend word (BCD) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, SUBL(55) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SUBL(55) subtracts CY and the 8-digit contents of Su and Su+1 from the 8-digit value in Mi and Mi+1, and places the result in R and R+1. If the result is negative, CY is set and the 10s complement of the actual result is placed in R. To convert the 10s complement to the true result, subtract the content of R from zero. Since an 8-digit constant cannot be directly entered, use the BSET(71) instruction (see 5-18-4 BLOCK SET BSET(71)) to create an 8-digit constant.
Mi + 1 Su + 1 Mi Su CY
CY R+1
Flags
ER:
Mi, M+1,Su, or Su+1 are not BCD. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
CY: EQ: Example
ON when the result is negative, i.e., when Mi is less than Su. ON when the result is 0.
The following example works much like that for single-word subtraction. In this example, however, BSET(71) is required to clear the content of DM 0000 and
317
Section 5-21
DM 0001 so that a negative result can be subtracted from 0 (inputting an 8-digit constant is not possible).
TR 0 00003 CLC(41)
@SUBL(55) HR 00 120 DM 0100 25504 @BSET(71) #0000 DM 0000 DM 0001 CLC(41)
First subtraction
@SUBL(55) DM 0000 DM 0100 DM 0100 25504 HR 0100
Second subtraction
HR 0100
Turned ON to indicate negative result.
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003
Instruction LD OUT CLC(41) @SUBL(55)
Operands 00003 0
Address 00006 00007
Instruction CLC(41) @SUBL(55)
Operands
TR
HR DM 00004 00005 AND @BSET(71) # DM DM
00 120 0100 25504 0000 0000 0001
00008 00009 00010 00011 00012
LD LD OR AND LD OUT
DM DM DM TR HR HR
0000 0100 0100 0 25504 0100 0100
5-21-9 DOUBLE BCD MULTIPLY MULL(56)

MULL(56) Md Mr R @MULL(56) Mr: First multiplier word (BCD) Md Mr R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Md: First multiplicand word (BCD) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
318

Limitations Description DM 6141 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R.
Section 5-21
When the execution condition is OFF, MULL(56) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MULL(56) multiplies the eight-digit content of Md and Md+1 by the content of Mr and Mr+1, and places the result in R to R+3.
Md + 1 Md Mr
x
R+3 R+2
Mr + 1
R+1
Flags
ER:
Md, Md+1,Mr, or Mr+1 is not BCD. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
CY: EQ:
5-21-10 DOUBLE BCD DIVIDE DIVL(57)

DIVL(57) Dd Dr R @DIVL(57) Dr: First divisor word (BCD) Dd Dr R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Dd: First dividend word (BCD) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
DM 6141 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, DIVL(57) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, DIVL(57) the eight-digit content of Dd and D+1 is divided by the content of Dr and Dr+1 and the result is placed in R to R+3: the quotient in R and R+1, the remainder in R+2 and R+3.
Remainder R+3 R+2 R+1 Quotient R
Dr+1
Dr
Dd+1
Dd
Flags
ER:
Dr and Dr+1 contain 0. Dd, Dd+1, Dr, or Dr+1 is not BCD. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
EQ:
319
Section 5-21
5-21-11 SQUARE ROOT ROOT(72)

Ladder Symbols
ROOT(72) Sq R @ROOT(72) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR Sq R: Result word R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

Sq: First source word (BCD)
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, ROOT(72) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ROOT(72) computes the square root of the eight-digit content of Sq and Sq+1 and places the result in R. The fractional portion is truncated.
R
Sq+1
Sq
Flags
ER:
Sq is not BCD. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
EQ: Example
The following example shows how to take the square root of an eight digit number. The result is a four-digit number, with the remainder rounded off. and then round the result. In this example, 63250561 = 7953.0221..., which is rounded off to 7953.
00000 @ROOT(72) DM 0000 001
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD @ROOT(72)
Operands 00000 DM 0000 001
DM 0001 6 3 2 5
DM 0000 5 6 1
63,250,561 = 7953.0221 (The remainder is rounded off.) 7 9 001 5 3
320
Binary Calculation Instructions
Section 5-22
5-22 Binary Calculation Instructions

5-22-1 BINARY ADD ADB(50)
ADB(50) Au Ad R @ADB(50) Ad: Addend word (binary) Au Ad R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: Result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Au: Augend word (binary) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, ADB(50) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ADB(50) adds the contents of Au, Ad, and CY, and places the result in R. CY will be set if the result is greater than FFFF.
Au + Ad + CY
CY
ADB(50) can also be used to add signed binary data. The Overflow and Underflow Flags (SR 25404 and SR 25405) indicate whether the result has exceeded the lower or upper limits of the 16-bit signed binary data range. Flags ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON when the result is greater than FFFF. ON when the result is 0. ON when the result exceeds +32,767 (7FFF). ON when the result is below 32,768 (8000).
CY: EQ: OF: UF: Example
The following example shows a four-digit addition with CY used to place either #0000 or #0001 into R+1 to ensure that any carry is preserved.
TR 0
Address
CLC(41)
Instruction LD OUT CLC(41) ADB(50)
Operands TR 00000 0
00000
ADB(50) 010 DM 0100 HR 10 25504 MOV(21) #0000 HR 11 25504 MOV(21) #0001 HR 11 = R+1 = R+1 =R
00000 00001 00002 00003
DM HR 00004 00005 AND NOT MOV(21) # HR TR
010 0100 10 25504 0000 11 0 25504 00001 11
00006 00007 00008
LD AND MOV(21)
# HR
321
Section 5-22
In the case below, A6E2 + 80C5 = 127A7. The result is a 5-digit number, so CY (SR 25504) = 1, and the content of R + 1 becomes #0001.
Au: IR 010 6 E 2
+
0 R+1: HR 11 0 0 1
Ad: DM 0100 0 C 5
R: HR 10 7 A
Note For signed binary calculations, the status of the UF and OF flags indicate whether the result has exceeded the signed binary data range (32,768 (8000) to +32,767 (7FFF)).
5-22-2 BINARY SUBTRACT SBB(51)

SBB(51) Mi Su R @SBB(51) Su: Subtrahend word (binary) Mi Su R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: Result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Mi: Minuend word (binary) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, SBB(51) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SBB(51) subtracts the contents of Su and CY from Mi and places the result in R. If the result is negative, CY is set and the 2s complement of the actual result is placed in R.
Mi Su CY
CY
SBB(51) can also be used to subtract signed binary data. The Overflow and Underflow Flags (SR 25404 and SR 25405) indicate whether the result has exceeded the lower or upper limits of the 16-bit signed binary data range. Flags ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON when the result is negative, i.e., when Mi is less than Su plus CY. ON when the result is 0. ON when the result exceeds +32,767 (7FFF). ON when the result is below 32,768 (8000).
The following example shows a four-digit subtraction. When IR 00001 is ON, the content of LR 00 and CY are subtracted from the content of IR 002 and the result is written to HR 01.
322
Section 5-22
CY is turned ON if the result is negative. If normal data is being used, a negative result (signed binary) must be converted to normal data using NEG(). Refer to 5-20-17 2s COMPLEMENT NEG() for details.
Address
00001 CLC(41)
Instruction LD OUT CLC(41) SBB(51)
Operands TR 00001 1
SBB(51) 002 LR00 HR 01
00000 00001 00002 00003
LR HR
002 00 01
In the case below, the content of LR 00 (#7A03) and CY are subtracted from IR 002 (#F8C5). Since the result is positive, CY is 0. If the result had been negative, CY would have been set to 1. For normal (unsigned) data, the result would have to be converted to its 2s complement.
Mi: IR 002 8 C 5 Su: LR 00 A 0 3 0 0 0
7 0
CY = 0 (from CLC(41))
R: HR 01 E C
Note For signed binary calculations, the status of the UF and OF flags indicate whether the result has exceeded the signed binary data range (32,768 (8000) to +32,767 (7FFF)).
5-22-3 BINARY MULTIPLY MLB(52)

MLB(52) Md Mr R @MLB(52) Mr: Multiplier word (binary) Md Mr R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Md: Multiplicand word (binary) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
Limitations
DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. MLB(52) cannot be used to multiply signed binary data, but MBS() can be used. Refer to 5-22-7 SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY MBS().
323

Description
Section 5-22
When the execution condition is OFF, MLB(52) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MLB(52) multiplies the content of Md by the contents of Mr, places the rightmost four digits of the result in R, and places the leftmost four digits in R+1.
Md
X
R +1
Mr
Flags
ER:
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON when the result is 0.
EQ:
5-22-4 BINARY DIVIDE DVB(53)

DVB(53) Dd Dr R @DVB(53) Dr: Divisor word (binary) Dd Dr R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Dd: Dividend word (binary) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
Limitations
DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. DVB(53) cannot be used to divide signed binary data, but DBS() can be used. Refer to 5-22-9 SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE DBS() for details.
Description
When the execution condition is OFF, DVB(53) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, DVB(53) divides the content of Dd by the content of Dr and the result is placed in R and R+1: the quotient in R, the remainder in R+1.
Quotient R Remainder R+1
Dr
Dd
Flags
ER:
Dr contains 0. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
EQ:
324
Section 5-22
5-22-5 DOUBLE BINARY ADD ADBL()

ADBL() Au Ad R @ADBL() Ad: First addend word (binary) Au Ad R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Au: First augend word (binary) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
Limitations
Au and Au+1 must be in the same data area, as must Ad and Ad+1, and R and R+1. DM 6142 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, ADBL() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ADBL() adds the eight-digit contents of Au+1 and Au, the eight-digit contents of Ad+1 and Ad, and CY, and places the result in R. CY will be set if the result is greater than FFFF FFFF.
Au + 1 Ad + 1 Au Ad CY
Description
+
CY R+1
ADBL() can also be used to add signed binary data. The Overflow and Underflow Flags (SR 25404 and SR 25405) indicate whether the result has exceeded the lower or upper limits of the 32-bit signed binary data range. Flags ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON when the result is greater than FFFF FFFF. ON when the result is 0. ON when the result exceeds +2,147,483,647 (7FFF FFFF). ON when the result is below 2,147,483,648 (8000 0000).
CY: EQ: OF: UF:
325

Example
Section 5-22
The following example shows an eight-digit addition with CY (SR 25504) used to represent the status of the 9th digit. The status of the UF and OF flags indicate whether the result has exceeded the signed binary data range (2,147,483,648 (8000 0000) to +2,147,483,647 (7FFF FFFF)).
00100 CLC(41)
Address 00000 00001 00002
Instruction LD CLC(41) ADBL()
Operands 00100
ADBL() LR 00 DM 0010 DM 0020
LR DM DM
20 0010 0020
Au + 1 : LR 01 8 0 0 0 Ad + 1 : DM 0011 F + CY 1 R + 1 : DM 0021 7 F F F F F F
Au : LR 00 0 0 0
Ad : DM 0010 F F F 0 0 R : DM 0020 F F F 0 1 0 UF (SR 25405) OF (SR 25404) CY (Cleared with CLC(41))
Note
1. For unsigned binary addition, CY indicates that the sum of the two values exceeds FFFF FFFF. (UF and OF can be ignored.) 2. For signed binary addition, the UF flag indicates that the sum of the two values is below 2,147,483,648 (8000 0000). (CY can be ignored.)
5-22-6 DOUBLE BINARY SUBTRACT SBBL()

SBBL() Mi Su R @SBBL() Su: First subtrahend word (binary) Mi Su R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Mi: First minuend word (binary) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
Limitations
Mi and Mi+1 must be in the same data area, as must Su and Su+1, and R and R+1. DM 6142 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R.
326

Description
Section 5-22
When the execution condition is OFF, SBBL() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SBBL() subtracts CY and the eight-digit value in Su and Su+1 from the eight-digit value in Mi and Mi+1, and places the result in R and R+1. If the result is negative, CY is set and the 2s complement of the actual result is placed in R+1 and R. Use NEGL() to convert the 2s complement to the true result.
Mi + 1 Su + 1 Mi Su CY
CY R+1
SBBL() can also be used to subtract signed binary data. The Overflow and Underflow Flags (SR 25404 and SR 25405) indicate whether the result has exceeded the lower or upper limits of the 32-bit signed binary data range. Flags ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON when the result is negative, i.e., when Mi is less than Su plus CY. ON when the result is 0. ON when the result exceeds +2,147,483,647 (7FFF FFFF). ON when the result is below 2,147,483,648 (8000 0000).
The following example shows an eight-digit subtraction with CY (SR 25504) used to indicate a negative result (with unsigned data). The status of the UF and OF flags indicate whether the result has exceeded the signed binary data range (2,147,483,648 (8000 0000) to +2,147,483,647 (7FFF FFFF)).
Address
CLC(41)
00101
Instruction LD CLC(41) SBBL()
Operands 00101
SBBL() LR 02 DM 0012 DM 0022
00000 00001 00002
LR DM DM
22 0012 0022
Mi + 1 : LR 03 7 F F F Su + 1 : DM 0023 CY 1 R + 1 : LR 03 8 0 0 0 F F F F
Mi : LR 02 F F F
Su : DM 0022 F F F 0 0 R : LR 02 0 0 0 CY (Cleared with CLC(41))
0 0 1 UF (SR 25405) OF (SR 25404)
Note
1. For unsigned binary data, CY indicates that the result is negative. Take the 2s complement using NEGL() to obtain the absolute value of the true result. (UF and OF can be ignored.) 2. For signed binary data, the OF flag indicates that the result exceeds +2,147,483,647 (7FFF FFFF). (CY can be ignored.)
327
Section 5-22
5-22-7 SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY MBS()

MBS() Md Mr R @MBS() Mr: Multiplier word Md Mr R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Md: Multiplicand word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. MBS() multiplies the signed binary content of two words and outputs the 8-digit signed binary result to R+1 and R. The rightmost four digits of the result are placed in R, and the leftmost four digits are placed in R+1. Note Refer to 1-7 Calculating with Signed Binary Data for more details.
Md
X
R +1
Mr
Flags
ER:
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON when the result is 0000 0000, otherwise OFF.
EQ: Example
In the following example, MBS() is used to multiply the signed binary contents of DM 0010 with the signed binary contents of DM 0012 and output the result to DM 0100 and DM 0101.
Address
MBS() DM 0010 DM 0012 DM 0100
00100
Instruction LD MBS()
Operands 00100 DM DM DM 0010 0012 0100
00000 00001
Md: DM 0010 5 B 1 Mr: DM 0012 C 1 3 R: DM 0100 8 2 3
(5,553)
X
R+1: DM 0101 F F A A
(1,005)
(5,580,765)
328
Section 5-22
5-22-8 DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY MBSL()

MBSL() Md Mr R @MBSL() Mr: First multiplier word Md Mr R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Md: First multiplicand word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
Limitations
Md and Md+1 must be in the same data area, as must Mr and Mr+1. R and R+3 must be in the same data area. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. MBSL() multiplies the 32-bit (8-digit) signed binary data in Md+1 and Md with the 32-bit signed binary data in Mr+1 and Mr, and outputs the 16-digit signed binary result to R+3 through R. Note Refer to 1-7 Calculating with Signed Binary Data for more details.
Md + 1 Md Mr
Description
x
R+3 R+2
Mr + 1
R+1
Flags
ER:
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON when the result is zero (content of R+3 through R all zeroes), otherwise OFF.
EQ: Example
In the following example, MBSL() is used to multiply the signed binary contents of IR 101 and IR 100 with the signed binary contents of DM 0021 and DM 0020 and output the result to LR 24 through LR 01.
Address
MBSL() 100 DM 0020 LR 01
00000
Instruction LD MBSL()
Operands 00000 100 0020 21
00000 00001
DM LR
Md+1: IR 101 0 0 8
Md: IR 100 9 3 8 Mr: DM 0020 8 1 2 R: LR 01 5 F
(555,320)
X
F R+3: LR 04 F F F F R+2: LR 03 F 7 D
Mr+1: DM 0021 F F F 0 R+1: LR 02 C A 5
(1,005,550)
(55,840,206,000)
329
Section 5-22
5-22-9 SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE DBS()

DBS() Dd Dr R @DBS() Dr: Divisor word Dd Dr R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Dd: Dividend word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. DBS() divides the signed binary content of Dd by the signed binary content of Dr, and outputs the 8-digit signed binary result to R+1 and R. The quotient is placed in R, and the remainder is placed in R+1. Note Refer to 1-7 Calculating with Signed Binary Data for more details.
Quotient R Remainder R+1
Dr
Dd
Flags
ER:
Dr contains 0. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
EQ: Example
ON when the content of R (the quotient) is 0000, otherwise OFF.
In the following example, DBS() is used to divide the signed binary contents of DM 0010 with the signed binary contents of DM 0020 and output the result to LR 21 and LR 02.
Address
DBS() DM 0010 DM 0020 LR 01
00000
Instruction LD DBS()
Operands 00000 DM DM LR 0010 0020 21
00000 00001
R+1: LR 02 F F A
Dd: DM 0010 D D D A Dr: DM 0020 0 1 A R: LR 01 E B
(8,742)
(26)
(336 and 6/26)
Remainder (6)
Quotient (336)
330
Section 5-22
5-22-10 DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE DBSL()

DBSL() Dd Dr R @DBSL() Dr: First divisor word (binary) Dd Dr R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Dd: First dividend word (binary) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
Limitations
Dd and Dd+1 must be in the same data area, as must Dr and Dr+1. R and R+3 must be in the same data area. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. DBS() divides the 32-bit (8-digit) signed binary data in Dd+1 and Dd by the 32-bit signed binary data in Dr+1 and Dr, and outputs the 16-digit signed binary result to R+3 through R. The quotient is placed in R+1 and R, and the remainder is placed in R+3 and R+2. Note Refer to 1-7 Calculating with Signed Binary Data for more details.
Remainder R+3 R+2 R+1 Quotient R
Description
Dr+1
Dr
Dd+1
Dd
Flags
ER:
EQ: Example
Dr+1 and Dr contain 0. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON when the content of R+1 and R (the quotient) is 0, otherwise OFF.
In the following example, DBSL() is used to divide the signed binary contents of IR 101 and IR 100 with the signed binary contents of DM 0021 and DM 0020 and output the result to LR 24 through LR 01.
Address
DBSL() 100 DM 0020 LR 01
00000
Instruction LD DBSL()
Operands 00000 100 0020 21
00000 00001
DM LR
R+3: LR 04 F F F R+2: LR 03 F F C
Dd+1: IR 101 F 7 A
Dd: IR 100 1 5 C Dr: DM 0020 0 1 A R: LR 01 F 7
(8,736,420)
Dr+1: DM 0021 0 0 0 0 R+1: LR 02 F F A
(26)
(336,016 and 4/26)
Remainder (4)
Quotient (336)
331
Special Math Instructions
Section 5-23
5-23 Special Math Instructions

5-23-1 FIND MAXIMUM MAX()
Ladder Symbols
MAX() C R1 D @MAX() IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # C R1: First word in range R1 D IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR D: Destination word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

C: Control data
Limitations
N must be BCD between 0001 to 9999. R1 and R1+N1 must be in the same data area. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D. When the execution condition is OFF, MAX() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MAX() searches the range of memory from R1 to R1+N1 for the address that contains the maximum value and outputs the maximum value to the destination word (D). If bit 15 of C is ON, MAX() identifies the address of the word containing the maximum value in D+1. The address is identified differently for the DM area: 1, 2, 3... 1. For an address in the DM area, the word address is written to C+1. For example, if the address containing the maximum value is DM 0114, then #0114 is written in D+1. 2. For an address in another data area, the number of addresses from the beginning of the search is written to D+1. For example, if the address containing the maximum value is IR 114 and the first word in the search range is IR 014, then #0100 is written in D+1. If bit 14 of C is ON and more than one address contains the same maximum value, the position of the lowest of the addresses will be output to D+1. The position will be output as the DM address for the DM area, but as an absolute position relative to the first word in the range for all other areas. The number of words within the range (N) is contained in the 3 rightmost digits of C, which must be BCD between 001 and 999. When bit 15 of C is OFF, data within the range is treated as unsigned binary and when it is ON the data is treated as signed binary. C: 15 14 13 12 11 00
Number of words in range (N) Not used set to zero. Output address to D+1? 1 (ON): Yes. 0 (OFF): No.
Description
Data type 1 (ON): Signed binary 0 (OFF): Unsigned binary
! Caution
If bit 14 of C is ON, values above #8000 are treated as negative numbers, so the results will differ depending on the specified data type. Be sure that the correct data type is specified.
332

Flags ER:
Section 5-23
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) R1 and R1+N1 are not in the same data area. EQ: ON when the maximum value is #0000.
5-23-2 FIND MINIMUM MIN()

Ladder Symbols
MIN() C R1 D @MIN() IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # C R1: First word in range R1 D IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR D: Destination word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

C: Control data
Limitations
N must be BCD between 0001 to 9999. R1 and R1+N1 must be in the same data area. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D. When the execution condition is OFF, MIN() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MIN() searches the range of memory from R1 to R1+N1 for the address that contains the minimum value and outputs the minimum value to the destination word (D). If bit 15 of C is ON, MIN() identifies the address of the word containing the minimum value in D+1. The address is identified differently for the DM area: 1, 2, 3... 1. For an address in the DM area, the word address is written to C+1. For example, if the address containing the minimum value is DM 0114, then #0114 is written in D+1. 2. For an address in another data area, the number of addresses from the beginning of the search is written to D+1. For example, if the address containing the minimum value is IR 114 and the first word in the search range is IR 014, then #0100 is written in D+1. If bit 14 of C is ON and more than one address contains the same minimum value, the position of the lowest of the addresses will be output to D+1. The position will be output as the DM address for the DM area, but as an absolute position relative to the first word in the range for all other areas. The number of words within the range (N) is contained in the 3 rightmost digits of C, which must be BCD between 001 and 999. When bit 15 of C is OFF, data within the range is treated as unsigned binary and when it is ON the data is treated as signed binary. C: 15 14 13 12 11 00
Number of words in range (N) Not used set to zero. Output address to D+1? 1 (ON): Yes. 0 (OFF): No.
Description
Data type 1 (ON): Signed binary 0 (OFF): Unsigned binary
333

! Caution
Section 5-23
If bit 14 of C is ON, values above #8000 are treated as negative numbers, so the results will differ depending on the specified data type. Be sure that the correct data type is specified. ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) R1 and R1+N1 are not in the same data area. EQ: ON when the minimum value is #0000.
Flags
5-23-3 AVERAGE VALUE AVG()

Ladder Symbols
AVG() S N: Number of cycles N IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # D D: First destination word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

S: Source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
S must be hexadecimal. N must be BCD from #0001 to #0064. D and D+N+1 must be in the same data area. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for S, N, or D to D+N+1. AVG() is used to calculate the average value of S over N cycles. When the execution condition is OFF, AVG() is not executed. Each time that AVG() is executed, the content of S is stored in words D+2 to D+N+1. On the first execution, AVG() writes the content of S to D+2; on the second execution it writes the content of S to D+3, etc. On the Nth execution, AVG() writes the content of S stored in D+N+1, AVG() calculates the average value of the values stored in D+2 to D+N+1, and writes the average to D. The following diagram shows the function of words D to D+N+1.
D D+1 D+2 D+3 Average value (after N or more executions) Used by the system. Content of S from the 1st execution of AVG() Content of S from the 2nd execution of AVG()
Description
D+N+1
Content of S from the Nth execution of AVG()
Precautions
The average value is calculated in binary. Be sure that the content of S is in binary. N must be BCD from #0001 to #0064. If the content of N #0065, AVG() will operate with N=64. The average value will be rounded off to the nearest integer value. (0.5 is rounded up to 1.) Leave the contents of D+1 set to #0000 after the first execution of AVG().
334

Flags ER:
Section 5-23
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) One or more operands have been set incorrectly. D and D+N+1 are not in the same data area.
Example
In the following example, the content of IR 040 is set to #0000 and then incremented by 1 each cycle. For the first two cycles, AVG() moves the content of IR 040 to DM 1002 and DM 1003. On the third and later cycles AVG() calculates the average value of the contents of DM 1002 to DM 1004 and writes that average value to DM 1000.
00001 @MOV(21) #0000 040
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD @MOV(21) #
Operands 00001 0000 040 040 0003 1000
AVG() 040 #0003 DM 1000
00002
AVG() # DM
CLC(41)
00003 00004
CLC(41) ADB(50) # 040 0001 040
ADB(50) 040 #0001 040
IR 040
1st cycle 0000 1st cycle 0000 0000 -----
2nd cycle 0001 2nd cycle 0001 0000 0001 ---
3rd cycle 0002 3rd cycle 0001 0000 0001 0002
4th cycle 0003 4th cycle 0002 0003 0001 0002
DM 1000 DM 1001 DM 1002 DM 1003 DM 1004
Average Used by the system. Previous values of IR 40
5-23-4 SUM SUM()

Ladder Symbols
SUM() C R1 D @SUM() C R1: First word in range R1 D IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR D: First destination word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

C: Control data IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR, #
Limitations
The 3 rightmost digits of C must be BCD between 001 and 999.
335
Section 5-23
DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D. If bit 14 of C is OFF (setting for BCD data), all data within the range R1 to R1+N1 must be BCD.
Description
When the execution condition is OFF, SUM() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SUM() adds either the contents of words R1 to R1+N1 or the bytes in words R1 to R1+N/21 and outputs that value to the destination words (D and D+1). The data can be summed as binary or BCD and will be output in the same form. Binary data can be either signed or unsigned. The function of bits in C are shown in the following diagram and explained in more detail below. C: 15 14 13 12 11 00
Number of items in range (N, BCD) Number of words or number of bytes 001 to 999 First byte (when bit 13 is ON) 1 (ON): Rightmost 0 (OFF): Leftmost Data type 1 (ON): Binary 0 (OFF): BCD Data type 1 (ON): Signed binary 0 (OFF): Unsigned binary Addition units 1 (ON): Bytes 0 (OFF): Words
Number of Items in Range
The number of items within the range (N) is contained in the 3 rightmost digits of C, which must be BCD between 001 and 999. This number will indicate the number of words or the number of bytes depending the items being summed. Words will be added if bit 13 is OFF and bytes will be added if bit 13 is ON. If bytes are specified, the range can begin with the leftmost or rightmost byte of R1. The leftmost byte of R1 will not be added if bit 12 is ON.
R1 R1+1 R1+2 R1+3 MSB 1 3 5 7 LSB 2 4 6 8
Addition Units
The bytes will be added in this order when bit 12 is OFF: 1+2+3+4.... The bytes will be added in this order when bit 12 is ON: 2+3+4.... Data Type Data within the range is treated as unsigned binary when bit 14 of C is ON and bit 15 is OFF, and it is treated as signed binary when both bits 14 and 15 are ON. Data within the range is treated as BCD when bit 14 of C is OFF, regardless of the status of bit 15. ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) R1 and R1+N1 are not in the same data area. The number of items in C is not BCD between 001 and 999. The data being summed is not BCD when BCD was designated.
Flags
336

EQ: Example ON when the result is zero.
Section 5-23
In the following example, the BCD contents of the 8 words from DM 0000 to DM 0007 are added when IR 00001 is ON and the result is written to DM 0010 and DM 0011.
00001 @SUM() #0008 DM 0000 DM 0010
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD @SUM()
Operands 00001 # DM DM 0008 0000 0010
DM 0000 DM 0001 DM 0002 DM 0003 DM 0004 DM 0005 DM 0006 DM 0007
0001 0002 0003 0004 0005 0006 0007 0008
DM 0010 DM 0011
0036 0000
5-23-5 ARITHMETIC PROCESS APR()

Ladder Symbols
APR() C S D @APR() IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # C S D S: Input data source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR D: Result destination word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR,TIM/CNT, LR
Operand Data Areas

C: Control word
For trigonometric functions S must be BCD from 0000 to 0900 (0 q 90). DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D. When the execution condition is OFF, APR() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, the operation of APR() depends on the control word C. If C is #0000 or #0001, APR() computes sin(q) or cos(q)*. The BCD value of S specifies q in tenths of degrees. If C is an address, APR() computes f(x) of the function entered in advance beginning at word C. The function is a series of line segments (which can approximate a curve) determined by the operator. The BCD or hexadecimal value of S specifies x. ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) For trigonometric functions, x > 0900. (x is the content of S.) A constant other than #0000 or #0001 was designated for C. The linear approximation data is not readable. EQ: The result is 0000.
Flags
337
Special Math Instructions Examples

Sine Function
Section 5-23
The following example demonstrates the use of the APR() sine function to calculate the sine of 30. The sine function is specified when C is #0000.
Address
APR() #0000 DM 0000 DM 0100
00000
Instruction LD APR()
Operands 00000 # DM DM 0000 0000 0100
00000 00001
Input data, x
0 0 S: DM 0000 100 101 3 0 101 0 101 5
Result data
D: DM 0100 102 103 0 0 104 0
Enter input data not exceeding #0900 in BCD.
Result data has four significant digits, fifth and higher digits are ignored. The result for sin(90) will be 0.9999, not 1.
Cosine Function
The following example demonstrates the use of the APR() cosine function to calculate the cosine of 30. The cosine function is specified when C is #0001.
Address
APR() #0001 DM 0010 DM 0110
00000
Operands 00000 # DM DM 0001 0010 0110
00000 00001
Input data, x
0 0 S: DM 0010 101 100 3 0 101 0 101 8
Result data
D: DM 0110 102 103 6 6 104 0
Enter input data not exceeding #0900 in BCD.
Result data has four significant digits, fifth and higher digits are ignored. The result for cos(0) will be 0.9999, not 1.
Linear Approximation
APR() linear approximation is specified when C is a memory address. Word C is the first word of the continuous block of memory containing the linear approximation data. The content of word C specifies the number of line segments in the approximation, and whether the input and output are in BCD or BIN form. Bits 00 to 07 contain the number of line segments less 1, m1, as binary data. Bits 14 and 15 determine, respectively, the output and input forms: 0 specifies BCD and 1 specifies BIN. C: 15 14 13
Not used. 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00
Source data form 1 (ON): f(x)=f(XmS) 0 (OFF): f(x)=f(S) Output form Input form
Number of coordinates minus one (m1)
338
Section 5-23
Enter the coordinates of the m+1 end-points, which define the m line segments, as shown in the following table. Enter all coordinates in BIN form. Always enter the coordinates from the lowest X value (X1) to the highest (Xm). X0 is 0000, and does not have to be entered.
Word C+1 C+2 C+3 C+4 C+5 C+6 Y0 X1 Y1 X2 Y2 Coordinate Xm (max. X value)
Y Ym Y4 Y3 Y1 Y2 Y0 X0
C+(2m+1)
X X1 X2 X3 X4 Xm
Xm Ym
C+(2m+2)
If bit 13 of C is set to 1, the graph will be reflected from left to right, as shown in the following diagram.
Y Y
X0
Xm
Xm
X0
The following example demonstrates the construction of a linear approximation with 12 line segments. The block of data is continuous, as it must be, from DM 0000 to DM 0026 (C to C + (2 12 + 2)). The input data is taken from IR 010, and the result is output to IR 011.
Address
APR() DM 0000 010 011
00000
Operands 00000 DM 0000 010 011
00000 00001
Content Coordinate
DM 0000 DM 0001 DM 0002 DM 0003 DM 0004 DM 0005 DM 0006 $C00B $05F0 $0000 $0005 $0F00 $001A $0402
Bit 15
Bit 00
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 X12 Y0 X1 Y1 X2 Y2 (Output and input both BIN) (m1 = 11: 12 line segments)
DM 0025 DM 0026
$05F0 $1F20
X12 Y12
339
Floating-point Math Instructions
Section 5-24
In this case, the input data word, IR 010, contains #0014, and f(0014) = #0726 is output to R, IR 011.
Y $1F20
$0F00
$0726 $0402
(x,y)
(0,0)
$0005
$0014
$001A
$05F0
5-24 Floating-point Math Instructions

The Floating-point Math Instructions convert data and perform floating-point arithmetic operations. CQM1H-series CPUs support the following instructions.
Instruction FLOATING TO 16-BIT FLOATING TO 32-BIT 16-BIT TO FLOATING 32-BIT TO FLOATING FLOATING-POINT ADD FLOATING-POINT SUBTRACT FLOATING-POINT MULTIPLY FLOATING-POINT DIVIDE DEGREES TO RADIANS RADIANS-TO-DEGREES SINE COSINE TANGENT ARC SINE ARC COSINE ARC TANGENT SQUARE ROOT EXPONENT LOGARITHM Mnemonic FIX FIXL FLT FLTL +F F *F /F RAD DEG SIN COS TAN ASIN ACOS ATAN SQRT EXP LOG Function code Page 345 346 347 348 348 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 364
Data Format
Floating-point data expresses real numbers using a sign, exponent, and mantissa. When data is expressed in floating-point format, the following formula applies. Real number = (1)s 2e127 (1.f) s: Sign e: Exponent f: Mantissa The floating-point data format conforms to the IEEE754 standards. Data is expressed in 32 bits, as follows:
340

Sign s 31 30 Exponent e 23 22 Mantissa f
Section 5-24
Data s:sign e:exponent
No. of bits 1 8
Contents 0: positive; 1: negative The exponent (e) value ranges from 0 to 255. The actual exponent is the value remaining after 127 is subtracted from e, resulting in a range of 127 to 128. e=0 and e=255 express special numbers. The mantissa portion of binary floating-point data fits the formal 2.0 > 1.f y1.0.
f: mantissa
23
Number of Digits Floating-point Data
The number of effective digits for floating-point data is 24 bits for binary ( approximately seven digits decimal). The following data can be expressed by floating-point data: R 3.402823 x 1038 x value x 1.175494 x 1038 0 1.175494 x 1038 x value x 3.402823 x 1038 +R Not a number (NaN)
1.175494 x 1038 1.175494 x 1038
3.402823 x 1038
3.402823 x 1038
+R
Special Numbers
The formats for NaN, R, and 0 are as follows: NaN*: e = 255, f 0 +R: e = 255, f = 0, s= 0 R: e = 255, f = 0, s= 1 0: e=0 *NaN (not a number) is not a valid floating-point number. Executing floatingpoint calculation instructions will not result in NaN. When floating-point is specified for the data format in the :I/O memory edit display in the CX-Programmer, standard decimal numbers input in the display are automatically converted to the floating-point format shown above (IEEE754-format) and written to I/O Memory. Data written in the IEEE754-format is automatically converted to standard decimal format when monitored on the display.
15 n n+1 s e f 7 6 0
Writing Floating-point Data
It isnt necessary for the user to be aware of the IEEE754 data format when reading and writing floating-point data. It is only necessary to remember that floating point values occupy two words each.
Numbers Expressed as Floating-point Values

The following types of floating-point numbers can be used.
Mantissa (f) 0 0 Not 0 0 Non-normal number Exponent (e) Not 0 and not all 1s Normal number All 1s (255) Infinity NaN
341
Section 5-24
Note A non-normal number is one whose absolute value is too small to be expressed as a normal number. Non-normal numbers have fewer significant digits. If the result of calculations is a non-normal number (including intermediate results), the number of significant digits will be reduced. Normal Numbers Normal numbers express real numbers. The sign bit will be 0 for a positive number and 1 for a negative number. The exponent (e) will be expressed from 1 to 254, and the real exponent will be 127 less, i.e., 126 to 127. The mantissa (f) will be expressed from 0 to 233 1, and it is assume that, in the real mantissa, bit 233 is 1 and the binary point follows immediately after it. Normal numbers are expressed as follows: (1)(sign s) x 2(exponent e)127 x (1 + mantissa x 223) Example
3130 2322 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sign: Exponent: Mantissa: Value: Non-normal Numbers
128 127 = 1 1 + (222 + 221) x 223 = 1 + (21 + 22) = 1 + 0.75 = 1.75 1.75 x 21 = 3.5
Non-normal numbers express real numbers with very small absolute values. The sign bit will be 0 for a positive number and 1 for a negative number. The exponent (e) will be 0, and the real exponent will be 126. The mantissa (f) will be expressed from 1 to 233 1, and it is assume that, in the real mantissa, bit 233 is 0 and the binary point follows immediately after it. Non-normal numbers are expressed as follows: (1)(sign s) x 2126 x (mantissa x 223) Example
3130 2322 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Sign: Exponent: Mantissa: Value: Zero
126 0 + (222 + 221) x 223 = 0 + (21 + 22) = 0 + 0.75 = 0.75 0.75 x 2126
Values of +0.0 and 0.0 can be expressed by setting the sign to 0 for positive or 1 for negative. The exponent and mantissa will both be 0. Both +0.0 and 0.0 are equivalent to 0.0. Refer to Floating-point Arithmetic Results, below, for differences produced by the sign of 0.0. Values of +R and R can be expressed by setting the sign to 0 for positive or 1 for negative. The exponent will be 255 (28 1) and the mantissa will be 0. NaN (not a number) is produced when the result of calculations, such as 0.0/0.0, R/R, or RR, does not correspond to a number or infinity. The exponent will be 255 (28 1) and the mantissa will be not 0. Note There are no specifications for the sign of NaN or the value of the mantissa field (other than to be not 0).
Infinity NaN
Floating-point Arithmetic Results

Rounding Results The following methods will be used to round results when the number of digits in the accurate result of floating-point arithmetic exceeds the significant digits of internal processing expressions.
342
Section 5-24
If the result is close to one of two internal floating-point expressions, the closer expression will be used. If the result is midway between two internal floatingpoint expressions, the result will be rounded so that the last digit of the mantissa is 0. Overflows, Underflows, and Illegal Calculations Overflows will be output as either positive or negative infinity, depending on the sign of the result. Underflows will be output as either positive or negative zero, depending on the sign of the result. Illegal calculations will result in NaN. Illegal calculations include adding infinity to a number with the opposite sign, subtracting infinity from a number with the opposite sign, multiplying zero and infinity, dividing zero by zero, or dividing infinity by infinity. The value of the result may not be correct if an overflow occurs when converting a floating-point number to an integer. Precautions in Handling Special Values The following precautions apply to handling zero, infinity, and NaN. The sum of positive zero and negative zero is positive zero. The difference between zeros of the same sign is positive zero. If any operand is a NaN, the results will be a NaN. Positive zero and negative zero are treated as equivalent in comparisons. Comparison or equivalency tests on one or more NaN will always be true for != and always be false for all other instructions.
Floating-point Calculation Results

When the absolute value of the result is greater than the maximum value that can be expressed for floating-point data, the Overflow Flag (SR 25404) will turn ON and the result will be output as R. If the result is positive, it will be output as +R; if negative, then R. The Equals Flag will only turn ON when both the exponent (e) and the mantissa (f) are zero after a calculation. A calculation result will also be output as zero when the absolute value of the result is less than the minimum value that can be expressed for floating-point data. In that case the Underflow Flag (SR 25405) will turn ON. Example In this program example, the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates (x, y) are provided by 4-digit BCD content of DM 0000 and DM 0001. The distance (r) from the origin and the angle (, in degrees) are found and output to DM 0100 and DM 0101. In the result, everything to the right of the decimal point is truncated.
P (100, 100)
r
0
343
Section 5-24
(1)
DM 0000 DM 0200
DM 0001 DM 0201
DM 0200 DM 0202
DM 0201 DM 0204
(2)
DM 0202 DM 0202 DM 0206
DM 0204 DM 0204 DM 0208
DM 0206 DM 0208 DM 0210
DM 0210 DM 0212
(3)
DM 0204 DM 0202 DM 0214
DM 0214 DM 0216
DM 0216 DM 0218
(4)
DM 0212 DM 0220
DM 0218 DM 0221
DM 0220 DM 0100
DM 0221 DM 0101
344

Calculations x ) y y Angle = tan1 ( x ) Distance r =
2 2
Section 5-24
Example Distance r = 100 2 ) 100 2 = 141.4214 100 Angle = tan1 ( 100
) = 45.0
DM Contents DM 0000 DM 0001 0100 (BCD) 0100 (BCD) x y DM 0100 DM 0101 0141 0045 r
1. This section of the program converts the data from BCD to floating-point. a) The data area from DM 0200 onwards is used as a work area. b) First BIN(23) is used to temporarily convert the BCD data to binary data, and then FLT() is used to convert the binary data to floating-point data. c) The value of x that has been converted to floating-point data is output to to DM 0203 and DM 0202. d) The value of y that has been converted to floating-point data is output to to DM 0205 and DM 0204. 2. In order to find the distance r, Floating-point Math Instructions are used to calculate the square root of x2+y2. The result is then output to DM 0213 and DM 0212 as floating-point data. 3. In order to find the angle , Floating-point Math Instructions are used to calculate tan1 (y/x). ATAN() outputs the result in radians, so DEG() is used to convert to degrees. The result is then output to DM 0219 and DM 0218 as floating-point data. 4. The data is converted back from floating-point to BCD. a) First FIX() is used to temporarily convert the floating-point data to binary data, and then BCD(024) is used to convert the binary data to BCD data. b) The distance r is output to to DM 0100. c) The angle is output to to DM 0101.
5-24-1 FLOATING TO 16-BIT: FIX()

FIX() S R 000 @FIX() R: Result word S R 000 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Third operand: Always 000 S: First source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
The content of S+1 and S must be floating-point data and the integer portion must be in the range of 32,768 to 32,767. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, FIX() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, FIX() converts the integer portion of the 32-bit floating-
Description
345
Section 5-24
point number in S+1 and S (IEEE754-format) to 16-bit signed binary data and places the result in R.
S+1 S
Floating-point data (32 bits)
Signed binary data (16 bits)
Only the integer portion of the floating-point data is converted, and the fraction portion is truncated. The integer portion of the floating-point data must be within the range of 32,768 to 32,767. Example conversions: A floating-point value of 3.5 is converted to 3. A floating-point value of 3.5 is converted to 3. Flags ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if the data in S+1 and S is not a number (NaN). ON if the integer portion of S+1 and S is not within the range of 32,768 to 32,767. EQ: ON if the result is 0000.
5-24-2 FLOATING TO 32-BIT: FIXL()

FIXL() S R 000 @FIXL() R: First result word S R 000 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Third operand: Always 000 S: First source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
The content of S+1 and S must be floating-point data and the integer portion must be in the range of 2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, FIXL() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, FIXL() converts the integer portion of the 32-bit floating-point number in S+1 and S (IEEE754-format) to 32-bit signed binary data and places the result in R+1 and R.
S+1 S
Description
R+1
Only the integer portion of the floating-point data is converted, and the fraction portion is truncated. (The integer portion of the floating-point data must be within the range of 2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647.) Example conversions: A floating-point value of 2,147,483,640.5 is converted to 2,147,483,640. A floating-point value of 2,147,483,640.5 is converted to 2,147,483,640.
346

Flags ER:
Section 5-24
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if the data in S+1 and S is not a number (NaN). ON if the integer portion of S+1 and S is not within the range of 2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647.
EQ:
ON if the result is 0000 0000.
5-24-3 16-BIT TO FLOATING: FLT()

Ladder Symbols
FLT() S R 000 @FLT() S R 000
Operand Data Areas

S: Source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Third operand: Always 000
Limitations
The content of S must contain signed binary data with a (decimal) value in the range of 32,768 to 32,767. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R.
Description
When the execution condition is OFF, FLT() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, FLT() converts the 16-bit signed binary value in S to 32-bit floating-point data (IEEE754-format) and places the result in R+1 and R. A single 0 is added after the decimal point in the floating-point result.
R+1
Only values within the range of 32,768 to 32,767 can be specified for S. To convert signed binary data outside of that range, use FLTL(). Example conversions: A signed binary value of 3 is converted to 3.0. A signed binary value of 3 is converted to 3.0.
Flags
ER:
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if both the exponent and mantissa of the result are 0.
EQ:
347
Section 5-24
5-24-4 32-BIT TO FLOATING: FLTL()

FLTL() S R 000 @FLTL() R: First result word S R 000 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Third operand: Always 000 S: First source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
The result will not be exact if a number with an absolute value greater than 16,777,215 (the maximum value that can be expressed in 24-bits) is converted. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, FLTL() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, FLTL() converts the 32-bit signed binary value in S+1 and S to 32-bit floating-point data (IEEE754-format) and places the result in R+1 and R. A single 0 is added after the decimal point in the floating-point result.
S+1 S
Description
R+1
Signed binary data within the range of 2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 can be specified for S+1 and S. The floating point value has 24 significant binary digits (bits). The result will not be exact if a number greater than 16,777,215 (the maximum value that can be expressed in 24-bits) is converted by FLTL(). Example Conversions: A signed binary value of 16,777,215 is converted to 16,777,215.0. A signed binary value of 16,777,215 is converted to 16,777,215.0. Flags ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if both the exponent and mantissa of the result are 0.
EQ:
5-24-5 FLOATING-POINT ADD: +F()

+F() Au Ad R @+F() Ad: First addend word Au Ad R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Au: First augend word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
The augend (Au+1 and Au) and Addend (Ad+1 and Ad) data must be in IEEE754 floating-point data format.
348

DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. Description
Section 5-24
When the execution condition is OFF, +F() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, +F() adds the 32-bit floating-point number in Ad+1 and Ad to the 32-bit floating-point number in Au+1 and Au and places the result in R+1 and R. (The floating point data must be in IEEE754 format.)
Au+1
Au Ad
Augend (floating-point data, 32 bits) Addend (floating-point data, 32 bits)
Ad+1
R+1
Result (floating-point data, 32 bits)
If the absolute value of the result is greater than the maximum value that can be expressed as floating-point data, the Overflow Flag (SR 25404) will turn ON and the result will be output as R. If the absolute value of the result is less than the minimum value that can be expressed as floating-point data, the Underflow Flag (SR 25405) will turn ON and the result will be output as 0. The various combinations of augend and addend data will produce the results shown in the following table.
Augend Addend 0 Numeral +R R NaN 0 0 Numeral +R R Numeral Numeral +R +R +R +R See note 2. R R R See note 2. R See note 2. NaN
See note 1.
+R R
Note
1. The results could be zero (including underflows), a numeral, +1, or 1. 2. The Error Flag will be turned ON and the instruction wont be executed.
Flags
ER:
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if the augend or addend data is not recognized as floating-point data.
EQ: OF: UF:
ON if both the exponent and mantissa of the result are 0. ON if the absolute value of the result is too large to be expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value. (The result will be output as R.) ON if the absolute value of the result is too small to be expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value. (The result will be output as 0.)
349
Section 5-24
5-24-6 FLOATING-POINT SUBTRACT: F()

F() Mi Su R @F() Su: First subtrahend word Mi Su R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Mi: First minuend word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
The Minuend (Mi+1 and Mi) and Subtrahend (Su+1 and Su) data must be in IEEE754 floating-point data format. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, F() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, F() subtracts the 32-bit floating-point number in Su+1 and Su from the 32-bit floating-point number in Mi+1 and Mi and places the result in R+1 and R. (The floating point data must be in IEEE754 format.)
Mi+1 Mi Su
Description
Minuend (floating-point data, 32 bits) Subtrahend (floating-point data, 32 bits)
Su+1
R+1
If the absolute value of the result is greater than the maximum value that can be expressed as floating-point data, the Overflow Flag (SR 25404) will turn ON and the result will be output as R. If the absolute value of the result is less than the minimum value that can be expressed as floating-point data, the Underflow Flag (SR 25405) will turn ON and the result will be output as 0. The various combinations of minuend and subtrahend data will produce the results shown in the following table.
Minuend Subtrahend 0 Numeral +R R NaN 0 0 Numeral R +R Numeral Numeral +R +R +R See note 2. +R R R R R See note 2. See note 2. NaN
See note 1.
R +R
Note
1. The results could be zero (including underflows), a numeral, +1, or 1. 2. The Error Flag will be turned ON and the instruction wont be executed. ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if the minuend or subtrahend data is not recognized as floating-point data. EQ: ON if both the exponent and mantissa of the result are 0.
Flags
350

OF: UF:
Section 5-24
ON if the absolute value of the result is too large to be expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value. (The result will be output as R.) ON if the absolute value of the result is too small to be expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value. (The result will be output as 0.)
5-24-7 FLOATING-POINT MULTIPLY: *F()

*F() Md Mr R @*F() Mr: First multiplier word Md Mr R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Md: First multiplicand word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
The Multiplicand (Md+1 and Md) and Multiplier (Mr+1 and Mr) data must be in IEEE754 floating-point data format. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, *F() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, *F() multiplies the 32-bit floating-point number in Md+1 and Md by the 32-bit floating-point number in Mr+1 and Mr and places the result in R+1 and R. (The floating point data must be in IEEE754 format.)
Md+1 Md Mr
Description
Multiplicand (floating-point data, 32 bits) Multiplier (floating-point data, 32 bits)
Mr+1
R+1
If the absolute value of the result is greater than the maximum value that can be expressed as floating-point data, the Overflow Flag (SR 25404) will turn ON and the result will be output as R. If the absolute value of the result is less than the minimum value that can be expressed as floating-point data, the Underflow Flag (SR 25405) will turn ON and the result will be output as 0. The various combinations of multiplicand and multiplier data will produce the results shown in the following table.
Multiplicand Multiplier 0 Numeral +R R NaN 0 0 0 See note 2. See note 2 Numeral 0 +R See note 2. +/R +R R R See note 2. +/R R +R See note 2. NaN
See note 1.
+/R +/R
Note
1. The results could be zero (including underflows), a numeral, +1, or 1. 2. The Error Flag will be turned ON and the instruction wont be executed.
351

Flags ER:
Section 5-24
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if the multiplicand or multiplier data is not recognized as floatingpoint data. ON if both the exponent and mantissa of the result are 0. ON if the absolute value of the result is too large to be expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value. (The result will be output as R.) ON if the absolute value of the result is too small to be expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value. (The result will be output as 0.)
EQ: OF: UF:
5-24-8 FLOATING-POINT DIVIDE: /F()

/F() Dd Dr R @/F() Dr: First divisor word Dd Dr R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Dd: First dividend word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
The Dividend (Dd+1 and Dd) and Divisor (Dr+1 and Dr) data must be in IEEE754 floating-point data format. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, /F() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, /F() divides the 32-bit floating-point number in Dd+1 and Dd by the 32-bit floating-point number in Dr+1 and Dr and places the result in R+1 and R. (The floating point data must be in IEEE754 format.)
Dd+1 Dd Dr
Description
Dividend (floating-point data, 32 bits) Divisor (floating-point data, 32 bits)
Dr+1
R+1
If the absolute value of the result is greater than the maximum value that can be expressed as floating-point data, the Overflow Flag (SR 25404) will turn ON and the result will be output as R. If the absolute value of the result is less than the minimum value that can be expressed as floating-point data, the Underflow Flag (SR 25405) will turn ON and the result will be output as 0. The various combinations of dividend and divisor data will produce the results shown in the following table.
Dividend Divisor 0 Numeral +R R NaN 0 See note 3. 0 0 0 Numeral +/R +R +R +/R See note 3. See note 3. R R +/R See note 3. See note 3. See note 3. NaN
See note 1.
See note 2. See note 2.
352

Note
Section 5-24
1. The results could be zero (including underflows), a numeral, +1, or 1. 2. The results will be zero for underflows. 3. The Error Flag will be turned ON and the instruction wont be executed. ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if the dividend or divisor data is not recognized as floating-point data. EQ: OF: UF: ON if both the exponent and mantissa of the result are 0. ON if the absolute value of the result is too large to be expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value. (The result will be output as R.) ON if the absolute value of the result is too small to be expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value. (The result will be output as 0.)
Flags
5-24-9 DEGREES TO RADIANS: RAD()

RAD() S R 000 @RAD() R: First result word S R 000 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Third operand: Always 000 S: First source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
The source data in S+1 and S must be in IEEE754 floating-point data format. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, RAD() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, RAD() converts the 32-bit floating-point number in S+1 and S from degrees to radians and places the result in R and R+1. (The floating point source data must be in IEEE754 format.)
S+1 S
Source (degrees, 32-bit floating-point data)
R+1
Result (radians, 32-bit floating-point data)
Degrees are converted to radians by means of the following formula: Degrees /180 = radians If the absolute value of the result is greater than the maximum value that can be expressed as floating-point data, the Overflow Flag (SR 25404) will turn ON and the result will be output as R. If the absolute value of the result is less than the minimum value that can be expressed as floating-point data, the Underflow Flag (SR 25405) will turn ON and the result will be output as 0. Flags ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if the source data is not recognized as floating-point data.
353

EQ: OF: UF:
Section 5-24
ON if both the exponent and mantissa of the result are 0. ON if the absolute value of the result is too large to be expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value. (The result will be output as R.) ON if the absolute value of the result is too small to be expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value. (The result will be output as 0.)
5-24-10 RADIANS TO DEGREES: DEG()

DEG() S R 000 @DEG() R: First result word S R 000 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Third operand: Always 000 S: First source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
The source data in S+1 and S must be in IEEE754 floating-point data format. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R.
Description
When the execution condition is OFF, DEG() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, DEG() converts the 32-bit floating-point number in S+1 and S from radians to degrees and places the result in R+1 and R. (The floating point source data must be in IEEE754 format.)
S+1 S
Source (radians, 32-bit floating-point data)
R+1
Result (degrees, 32-bit floating-point data)
Radians are converted to degrees by means of the following formula: Radians 180/ = degrees If the absolute value of the result is greater than the maximum value that can be expressed as floating-point data, the Overflow Flag (SR 25404) will turn ON and the result will be output as R. If the absolute value of the result is less than the minimum value that can be expressed as floating-point data, the Underflow Flag (SR 25405) will turn ON and the result will be output as 0. Flags ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if the source data is not recognized as floating-point data. EQ: OF: UF: ON if both the exponent and mantissa of the result are 0. ON if the absolute value of the result is too large to be expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value. (The result will be output as R.) ON if the absolute value of the result is too small to be expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value. (The result will be output as 0.)
354
Section 5-24
5-24-11 SINE: SIN()

SIN() S R 000 @SIN() R: First result word S R 000 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Third operand: Always 000 S: First source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
Description
When the execution condition is OFF, SIN() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SIN() calculates the sine of the angle (in radians) expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value in S+1 and S and places the result in R+1 and R. (The floating point source data must be in IEEE754 format.)
SIN S+1 S
Source (32-bit floating-point data)
R+1
Result (32-bit floating-point data)
Specify the desired angle (65,535 to 65,535) in radians in S+1 and S. If the absolute value of the angle exceeds 65,535, an error will occur and the instruction wont be executed. For information on converting from degrees to radians, see 5-24-9 DEGREES-TO-RADIANS: RAD(). The following diagram shows the relationship between the angle and result.
R S: Angle (radian) data R: Result (sine)
Flags
ER:
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if the source data is not recognized as floating-point data. ON if the absolute value of the source data exceeds 65,535.
EQ:
ON if both the exponent and mantissa of the result are 0.
355
Section 5-24
5-24-12 COSINE: COS()

COS() S R 000 @COS() R: First result word S R 000 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Third operand: Always 000 S: First source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
Description
When the execution condition is OFF, COS() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, COS() calculates the cosine of the angle (in radians) expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value in S+1 and S and places the result in R+1 and R. (The floating point source data must be in IEEE754 format.)
COS S+1 S
R+1
Specify the desired angle (65,535 to 65,535) in radians in S+1 and S. If the absolute value of the angle exceeds 65,535, an error will occur and the instruction wont be executed. For information on converting from degrees to radians, see 5-24-9 DEGREES-TO-RADIANS: RAD(). The following diagram shows the relationship between the angle and result.
R S: Angle (radian) data R: Result (cosine)
Flags
ER:
EQ:
356
Section 5-24
5-24-13 TANGENT: TAN()

TAN() S R 000 @TAN() R: First result word S R 000 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Third operand: Always 000 S: First source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
Description
When the execution condition is OFF, TAN() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, TAN() calculates the tangent of the angle (in radians) expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value in S+1 and S and places the result in R+1 and R. (The floating point source data must be in IEEE754 format.)
TAN S+1 S
R+1
Specify the desired angle (65,535 to 65,535) in radians in S+1 and S. If the absolute value of the angle exceeds 65,535, an error will occur and the instruction wont be executed. For information on converting from degrees to radians, see 5-24-9 DEGREES-TO-RADIANS: RAD(). If the absolute value of the result is greater than the maximum value that can be expressed as floating-point data, the Overflow Flag (SR 25404) will turn ON and the result will be output as R. The following diagram shows the relationship between the angle and result.
R S: Angle (radian) data R: Result (tangent)
357

Flags ER:
Section 5-24
EQ:
5-24-14 ARC SINE: ASIN()

ASIN() S R 000 @ASIN() R: First result word S R 000 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Third operand: Always 000 S: First source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
Description
ASIN() calculates the arc sine of a 32-bit floating-point number and places the result in the specified result words. (The arc sine function is the inverse of the sine function; it returns the angle that produces a given sine value between 1 and 1.) When the execution condition is OFF, ASIN() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ASIN() computes the angle (in radians) for a sine value expressed as a 32-bit floating-point number in S+1 and S and places the result in R+1 and R. (The floating point source data must be in IEEE754 format.)
SIN1
S+1
R+1
The source data must be between 1.0 and 1.0. If the absolute value of the source data exceeds 1.0, an error will occur and the instruction wont be executed. The result is output to words R+1 and R as an angle (in radians) within the range of /2 to /2. The following diagram shows the relationship between the input data and result.
358

R
Section 5-24
S: Input data (sine value) R: Result (radians)
Flags
ER:
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if the source data is not recognized as floating-point data. ON if the absolute value of the source data exceeds 1.0.
EQ:
5-24-15 ARC COSINE: ACOS()

ACOS() S R 000 @ACOS() R: First result word S R 000 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Third operand: Always 000 S: First source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
The source data in S+1 and S must be in IEEE754 floating-point data format. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. ACOS() calculates the arc cosine of a 32-bit floating-point number and places the result in the specified result words. (The arc cosine function is the inverse of the cosine function; it returns the angle that produces a given cosine value between 1 and 1.) When the execution condition is OFF, ACOS() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ACOS() computes the angle (in radians) for a cosine value expressed as a 32-bit floating-point number in S+1 and S and places the result in R+1 and R. (The floating point source data must be in IEEE754 format.)
COS1 S+1 S
R+1
359
Section 5-24
The source data must be between 1.0 and 1.0. If the absolute value of the source data exceeds 1.0, an error will occur and the instruction wont be executed. The result is output to words R+1 and R as an angle (in radians) within the range of 0 to . The following diagram shows the relationship between the input data and result.
R S: Input data (cosine value) R: Result (radians)
Flags
ER:
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if the source data is not recognized as floating-point data. ON if the absolute value of the source data exceeds 1.0.
EQ:
5-24-16 ARC TANGENT: ATAN()

ATAN() S R 000 @ATAN() R: First result word S R 000 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Third operand: Always 000 S: First source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
Description
ATAN() calculates the arc tangent of a 32-bit floating-point number and places the result in the specified result words. (The arc tangent function is the inverse of the tangent function; it returns the angle that produces a given tangent value.) When the execution condition is OFF, ATAN() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ATAN() computes the angle (in radians) for a tangent
360
Section 5-24
value expressed as a 32-bit floating-point number in S+1 and S and places the result in R+1 and R. (The floating point source data must be in IEEE754 format.)
TAN1 S+1 S
R+1
The result is output to words R+1 and R as an angle (in radians) within the range of /2 to /2. The following diagram shows the relationship between the input data and result.
R
S: Input data (tangent) R: Result (radians)
Flags
ER:
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if the source data is not recognized as floating-point data.
EQ:
5-24-17 SQUARE ROOT: SQRT()

SQRT() S R 000 @SQRT() R: First result word S R 000 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Third operand: Always 000 S: First source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
The source data in S+1 and S must be in IEEE754 floating-point data format. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, SQRT() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SQRT() calculates the square root of the 32-bit float-
361
Section 5-24
ing-point number in S+1 and S and places the result in R+1 and R. (The floating point source data must be in IEEE754 format.)
S+1 S
R+1
The source data must be positive; if it is negative, an error will occur and the instruction wont be executed. If the absolute value of the result is greater than the maximum value that can be expressed as floating-point data, the Overflow Flag (SR 25404) will turn ON and the result will be output as +R. The following diagram shows the relationship between the input data and result.
R
S: Input data R: Result
Flags
ER:
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) ON if the source data is not recognized as floating-point data. ON if the source data is negative.
EQ: OF:
ON if both the exponent and mantissa of the result are 0. ON if the absolute value of the result is too large to be expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value. (The result will be output as +R.)
5-24-18 EXPONENT: EXP()

EXP() S R 000 @EXP() R: First result word S R 000 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Third operand: Always 000 S: First source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Limitations
The source data in S+1 and S must be in IEEE754 floating-point data format.
362

DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. Description
Section 5-24
When the execution condition is OFF, EXP() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, EXP() calculates the natural (base e) exponential of the 32-bit floating-point number in S+1 and S and places the result in R+1 and R. In other words, EXP() calculates ex (x = source) and places the result in R+1 and R.
S+1
e
R+1 R
If the absolute value of the result is greater than the maximum value that can be expressed as floating-point data, the Overflow Flag (SR 25404) will turn ON and the result will be output as +R. If the absolute value of the result is less than the minimum value that can be expressed as floating-point data, the Underflow Flag (SR 25405) will turn ON and the result will be output as 0. Note The constant e is 2.718282. The following diagram shows the relationship between the input data and result.
R
Flags
ER:
EQ: OF: UF:
ON if both the exponent and mantissa of the result are 0. ON if the absolute value of the result is too large to be expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value. (The result will be output as +R.) ON if the absolute value of the result is too small to be expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value. (The result will be output as 0.)
363
Section 5-24
5-24-19 LOGARITHM: LOG()

LOG() S R 000 @LOG() R: First result word S R 000 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR Third operand: Always 000 S: First source word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
The source data in S+1 and S must be in IEEE754 floating-point data format. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, LOG() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, LOG() calculates the natural (base e) logarithm of the 32-bit floating-point number in S+1 and S and places the result in R+1 and R. loge
S+1 S
R+1
The source data must be positive; if it is negative, an error will occur and the instruction wont be executed. If the absolute value of the result is greater than the maximum value that can be expressed as floating-point data, the Overflow Flag (SR 25404) will turn ON and the result will be output as R. Note The constant e is 2.718282. The following diagram shows the relationship between the input data and result.
R
Flags
ER:
364
Logic Instructions
EQ: OF:
Section 5-25
ON if both the exponent and mantissa of the result are 0. ON if the absolute value of the result is too large to be expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value. (The result will be output as R.)
5-25 Logic Instructions

5-25-1 COMPLEMENT COM(29)
Ladder Symbols
COM(29) Wd @COM(29) Wd
Operand Data Areas

Wd: Complement word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for Wd. When the execution condition is OFF, COM(29) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, COM(29) clears all ON bits and sets all OFF bits in Wd. The complement of Wd will be calculated every cycle if the undifferentiated form of COM(29) is used. Use the differentiated form (@COM(29)) or combine COM(29) with DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) to calculate the complement just once.
15 Original 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 00 1
Precautions
Example
15 Complement 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
00 0
Flags
ER:
EQ:
5-25-2 LOGICAL AND ANDW(34)

ANDW(34) I1 I2 R @ANDW(34) I1 I2 R I1: Input 1 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # I2: Input 2 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: Result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Limitations
365
Logic Instructions
Description
Section 5-25
When the execution condition is OFF, ANDW(34) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ANDW(34) logically ANDs the contents of I1 and I2 bit-by-bit and places the result in R.
15 00 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 00 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
Example I1
1 15
I2
15
00 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
R Flags ER:
EQ:
5-25-3 LOGICAL OR ORW(35)

ORW(35) I1 I2 R @ORW(35) I1 I2 R I1: Input 1 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # I2: Input 2 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: Result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, ORW(35) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, ORW(35) logically ORs the contents of I1 and I2 bitby-bit and places the result in R.
15 00 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1
Example I1
15
00 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
I2
15
00 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1
R Flags ER:
366
Logic Instructions
EQ: ON when the result is 0.
Section 5-25
5-25-4 EXCLUSIVE OR XORW(36)

XORW(36) I1 I2 R @XORW(36) I1 I2 R I1: Input 1 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # I2: Input 2 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: Result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, XORW(36) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, XORW(36) exclusively ORs the contents of I1 and I2 bit-by-bit and places the result in R.
15 00 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 00 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
Example I1
1 15
I2
15
00 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0
Flags
ER:
EQ:
5-25-5 EXCLUSIVE NOR XNRW(37)

XNRW(37) I1 I2 R @XNRW(37) I2: Input 2 I1 I2 R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: Result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR I1: Input 1 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
Limitations
367
Increment/Decrement Instructions
Description
Section 5-26
When the execution condition is OFF, XNRW(37) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, XNRW(37) exclusively NORs the contents of I1 and I2 bit-by-bit and places the result in R.
15 00 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 00 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
I1
1 15
I2
15
00 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
R Flags ER:
EQ:
5-26 Increment/Decrement Instructions

5-26-1 BCD INCREMENT INC(38)
Ladder Symbols
INC(38) Wd @INC(38) Wd
Operand Data Areas

Wd: Increment word (BCD) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Limitations Description Precautions
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for Wd. When the execution condition is OFF, INC(38) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, INC(38) increments Wd, without affecting Carry (CY). The content of Wd will be incremented every cycle if the undifferentiated form of INC(38) is used. Use the differentiated form (@INC(38)) or combine INC(38) with DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) to increment Wd just once. ER: Wd is not BCD Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) EQ: ON when the incremented result is 0.
Flags
5-26-2 BCD DECREMENT DEC(39)

Ladder Symbols
DEC(39) Wd @DEC(39) Wd
Operand Data Areas

Wd: Decrement word (BCD) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Limitations
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for Wd.
368
Increment/Decrement Instructions
Description
Section 5-26
When the execution condition is OFF, DEC(39) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, DEC(39) decrements Wd, without affecting CY. DEC(39) works the same way as INC(38) except that it decrements the value instead of incrementing it. The content of Wd will be decremented every cycle if the undifferentiated form of DEC(39) is used. Use the differentiated form (@DEC(39)) or combine DEC(39) with DIFU(13) or DIFD(14) to decrement Wd just once. ER: Wd is not BCD. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) EQ: ON when the decremented result is 0.
Precautions
Flags
369
Subroutine Instructions
Section 5-27
5-27 Subroutine Instructions

Subroutines break large control tasks into smaller ones and enable you to reuse a given set of instructions. When the main program calls a subroutine, control is transferred to the subroutine and the subroutine instructions are executed. The instructions within a subroutine are written in the same way as main program code. When all the subroutine instructions have been executed, control returns to the main program to the point just after the point from which the subroutine was entered (unless otherwise specified in the subroutine).
5-27-1 SUBROUTINE ENTER SBS(91)

Ladder Symbol SBS(91) N Definer Data Areas
N: Subroutine number 000 to 255
Description
A subroutine can be executed by placing SBS(91) in the main program at the point where the subroutine is desired. The subroutine number used in SBS(91) indicates the desired subroutine. When SBS(91) is executed (i.e., when the execution condition for it is ON), the instructions between the SBN(92) with the same subroutine number and the first RET(93) after it are executed before execution returns to the instruction following the SBS(91) that made the call.
Main program SBS(91) 00
Main program
SBN(92) Subroutine RET(93) END(01)
00
SBS(91) may be used as many times as desired in the program, i.e., the same subroutine may be called from different places in the program).
370
Subroutine Instructions
Section 5-27
SBS(91) may also be placed into a subroutine to shift program execution from one subroutine to another, i.e., subroutines may be nested. When the second subroutine has been completed (i.e., RET(93) has been reached), program execution returns to the original subroutine which is then completed before returning to the main program. Nesting is possible to up to sixteen levels. A subroutine cannot call itself (e.g., SBS(91) 000 cannot be programmed within the subroutine defined with SBN(92) 000). The following diagram illustrates two levels of nesting.
SBN(92) 010 SBN(92) 011 SBN(92) 012
SBS(91) 010
SBS(91) 011
SBS(91) 012
RET(93)
RET(93)
RET(93)
The following diagram illustrates program execution flow for various execution conditions for two SBS(91).
A SBS(91) B Main program SBS(91) 001 ON execution condition for subroutine 000 only C 000 OFF execution conditions for subroutines 000 and 001
SBN(92) D RET(93) SBN(92)
000
ON execution condition for subroutine 001 only
Subroutines
001
ON execution conditions for subroutines 000 and 001
A
E
RET(93) END(01)
Flags
ER:
A subroutine does not exist for the specified subroutine number. A subroutine has called itself. An active subroutine has been called.
! Caution
SBS(91) will not be executed and the subroutine will not be called when ER is ON.
371
Special Instructions
Section 5-28
5-27-2 SUBROUTINE DEFINE and RETURN SBN(92)/RET(93)

Ladder Symbols SBN(92) N Definer Data Areas
N: Subroutine number 000 to 255 RET(93)
Each subroutine number can be used in SBN(92) only once. SBN(92) is used to mark the beginning of a subroutine program; RET(93) is used to mark the end. Each subroutine is identified with a subroutine number, N, that is programmed as a definer for SBN(92). This same subroutine number is used in any SBS(91) that calls the subroutine (see 5-27-1 SUBROUTINE ENTER SBS(91)). No subroutine number is required with RET(93). All subroutines must be programmed at the end of the main program. When one or more subroutines have been programmed, the main program will be executed up to the first SBN(92) before returning to address 00000 for the next cycle. Subroutines will not be executed unless called by SBS(91). END(01) must be placed at the end of the last subroutine program, i.e., after the last RET(93). It is not required at any other point in the program. If SBN(92) is mistakenly placed in the main program, it will inhibit program execution past that point, i.e., program execution will return to the beginning when SBN(92) is encountered. If either DIFU(13) or DIFU(14) is placed within a subroutine, the operand bit will not be turned OFF until the next time the subroutine is executed, i.e., the operand bit may stay ON longer than one cycle. There are no flags directly affected by these instructions.
Precautions
Flags
5-28 Special Instructions

5-28-1 TRACE MEMORY SAMPLING TRSM(45)
Data tracing can be used to facilitate debugging programs. To set up and use data tracing it is necessary to have a host computer running SSS; no data tracing is possible from a Programming Console. Data tracing is described in detail in the SSS Operation Manual: C-series PCs. This section shows the ladder symbol for TRSM(45) and gives an example program. Ladder Symbol TRSM(45)
Description
TRSM(45) is used in the program to mark locations where specified data is to be stored in Trace Memory. Up to 12 bits and up to 3 words may be designated for tracing. (Refer to the CX-Programmer Operation Manual for details.) TRSM(45) is not controlled by an execution condition, but rather by two bits in the AR area: AR 2515 and AR 2514. AR 2515 is the Sampling Start bit. This bit is turned ON to start the sampling processes for tracing. The Sampling Start bit must not be turned ON from the program, i.e., it must be turned ON only from the
372
Section 5-28
peripheral device. AR 2514 is the Trace Start bit. When it is set, the specified data is recorded in Trace Memory. The Trace Start bit can be set either from the program or from the Programming Device. A positive or negative delay can also be set to alter the actual point from which tracing will begin. Data can be recorded in any of three ways. TRSM(45) can be placed at one or more locations in the program to indicate where the specified data is to be traced. If TRSM(45) is not used, the specified data will be traced when END(01) is executed. The third method involves setting a timer interval from the peripheral devices so that the specified data will be tracing at a regular interval independent of the cycle time. (Refer to the SSS Operation Manual: C-series PCs.) TRSM(45) can be incorporated anywhere in a program, any number of times. The data in the trace memory can then be monitored via a Programming Console, host computer, etc.
AR Control Bits and Flags
The following control bits and flags are used during data tracing. The Tracing Flag will be ON during tracing operations. The Trace Completed Flag will turn ON when enough data has been traced to fill Trace Memory.
Flag AR 2515 AR 2514 AR 2513 AR 2512 Function Sampling Start Bit* Trace Start Bit Tracing Flag Trace Completed Flag
Note *Do not change the status of AR 2515 from the program. Precautions Example If TRSM(45) occurs TRSM(45) will not be executed within a JMP(08) JME(09) block when the jump condition is OFF. The following example shows the basic program and operation for data tracing. Force set the Sampling Start Bit (AR 2515) to begin sampling. The Sampling Start Bit must not be turned ON from the program. The data is read and stored into trace memory. When IR 00000 is ON, the Trace Start Bit (AR 2514) is also turned ON, and the CPU Unit looks at the delay and marks the trace memory accordingly. This can mean that some of the samples already made will be recorded as the trace memory (negative delay), or that more samples will be made before they are recorded (positive delay).
373
Section 5-28
The sampled data is written to trace memory, jumping to the beginning of the memory area once the end has been reached and continuing up to the start marker. This might mean that previously recorded data (i.e., data from this sample that falls before the start marker) is overwritten (this is especially true if the delay is positive). The negative delay cannot be such that the required data was executed before sampling was started.
00000
AR 2514
Starts data tracing.
TRSM(45)
Designates point for tracing. Indicates that tracing is in progress.
AR 2513 ON when tracing 00200
AR 2512 ON when trace is complete 00201
Indicates that tracing has been completed.
Address 00000 00001 00002 00003
Instruction LD OUT TRSM(45) LD
Operands 0000 2514 2513
Address 00004 00005 00006
Instruction OUT LD OUT
Operands 00200 2512 00201
AR AR
AR
5-28-2 MESSAGE DISPLAY MSG(46)

Ladder Symbols
MSG(46) FM @MSG(46) FM
Operand Data Areas

FM: First message word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
DM 6649 to DM 6655 cannot be used for FM. When executed with an ON execution condition, MSG(46) reads eight words of extended ASCII code from FM to FM+7 and displays the message on the Programming Console. The displayed message can be up to 16 characters long, i.e., each ASCII character code requires eight bits (two digits). Refer to Appendix H for the ASCII codes. Japanese katakana characters are included in this code. If not all eight words are required for the message, it can be stopped at any point by inputting OD. When OD is encountered in a message, no more words will be read and the words that normally would be used for the message can be used for other purposes. Up to three messages can be buffered in memory. Once stored in the buffer, they are displayed on a first in, first out basis. Since it is possible that more than three MSG(46)s may be executed within a single cycle, there is a priority scheme, based on the area where the messages are stored, for the selection of those messages to be buffered. The priority of the data areas is as follows for message display: LR > IR > HR > AR > TIM/CNT > DM In handling messages from the same area, those with the lowest address values have higher priority.
Message Buffering and Priority
374
Section 5-28
In handling indirectly addressed messages (i.e. *DM), those with the lowest final DM addresses have higher priority.
Clearing Messages
To clear a message, execute FAL(06) 00 or clear it via a Programming Console or the SSS. If the message data changes while the message is being displayed, the display will also change.
Flags
ER:
Example
The following example shows the display that would be produced for the instruction and data given when 00000 was ON. If 00001 goes ON, a message will be cleared.
Address
MSG(46) DM 0010
00000
Instruction LD MSG(46)
Operands 00000 DM 0010 00001 00
00001 FAL(06) 00
00000 00001 00002 00003
LD FAL(06)
DM contents DM 0010 DM 0011 DM 0012 DM 0013 DM 0014 DM 0015 DM 0016 DM 0017 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 1 3 5 7 9 B D F 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 2 4 6 8 A C E 0
ASCII equivalent A B C E G I K M O D F H J L N P
MSG ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP
5-28-3 I/O REFRESH IORF(97)

Ladder Symbol
IORF(97) IR 000 to IR 115 St E: End word E IR 000 to IR 115
Operand Data Areas

St: Starting word
St must be less than or equal to E. To refresh I/O words, specify the first (St) and last (E) I/O words to be refreshed. When the execution condition for IORF(97) is ON, all words between St and E will be refreshed. This will be in addition to the normal I/O refresh performed during the CPU Units cycle. Note This instruction will have no effect on words that are not being used for I/O.
Flags
There are no flags affected by this instruction.
375
Section 5-28
5-28-4 MACRO MCRO(99)

MCRO(99) N I1 O1 @MCRO(99) I1: First input word N I1 O1 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR O1: First output word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR N: Subroutine number 000 to 127
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for O1. The MACRO instruction allows a single subroutine to replace several subroutines that have identical structure but different operands. There are 4 input words, IR 096 to IR 099, and 4 output words, IR 196 to IR 199, allocated to MCRO(99). These 8 words are used in the subroutine and take their contents from I1 to I1+3 and O1 to O1+3 when the subroutine is executed. When the execution condition is OFF, MCRO(99) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, MCRO(99) copies the contents of I1 to I1+3 to IR 096 to IR 099, copies the contents of O1 to O1+3 to IR 196 to IR 199, and then calls and executes the subroutine specified in N. When the subroutine is completed, the contents of IR 196 through IR 199 is then transferred back to O1 to O1+3 before MCRO(99) is completed. The macro function allows a single subroutine (programming pattern) to be used by simply changing the I/O word. A number of similar program sections can be managed with just one subroutine, thereby greatly reducing the number of steps in the program and making the program easier to understand. To use a macro, call a subroutine by means of the MACRO instruction, MCRO(99), as shown below, instead of SBS(91) (SUBROUTINE ENTRY).
MCRO(99) Subroutine No First input word First output word
Using Macros
When MCRO(99) is executed, operation will proceed as follows: 1, 2, 3... 1. The contents of the four consecutive words beginning with the first input word will be transferred to IR 096 through IR 099. The contents of the four consecutive words beginning with the first output word will be transferred to IR 196 through IR 199. 2. The specified subroutine will be executed until RET(93) (Subroutine Return) is executed. 3. The contents of IR 196 through IR 199 will be transferred to the four consecutive words beginning with the first output word. 4. MCRO(99) will then be finished. When MCRO(99) is executed, the same instruction pattern can be used as needed simply by changing the first input word or the first output word. The following restrictions apply when the macro function is used. The only words that can be used for each execution of the macro are the four consecutive words beginning with the first input word number (for input) and the four consecutive words beginning with the first output word (for output).
376
Section 5-28
The specified inputs and outputs must correctly correspond to the words used in the subroutine. Even when the direct output method is used for outputs,subroutine results will be actually reflected in the specified output words only when the subroutine has been completed (step 3 above). Note IR 096 to IR 099 and IR 196 to IR 199 can be used as work bits when MCRO(99) is not used. The first input word and the first output word can be specified not only with I/O bits, but also with other bits (such as HR bits, work bits, etc.) or with DM words. Subroutines called by MCRO(99) are defined by SBN(92) and RET(93), just as are ordinary subroutines.
Application Example
Macro not used
00000 10001
When a macro is used, the program can be simplified as shown below.

Macro used
25313 (Always ON) MCRO(99) 10000 090
10000
000 100
00001
00002 10001
MCRO(99) 090 002 10500 105 MCRO(99) 090
00200
10501
10500
00201
00202 10501 MCRO(99) 12000
005 120
00500
12001
090 010 150
12000
00501
00502 12001 09600 15000 19601
SBN(92)
090
01000
15001
19600 19600
15000
01001
01002 15001
Subroutine used to define macro
09601
19602 19601
RET(93)
Flags
ER:
A subroutine does not exist for the specified subroutine number. An operand has exceeded a data area boundary. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) A subroutine has called itself. An active subroutine has been called.
377
Section 5-28
5-28-5 BIT COUNTER BCNT(67)

Ladder Symbols
BCNT(67) N SB R @BCNT(67) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # N SB R SB: Source beginning word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR R: Destination word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Operand Data Areas

N: Number of words (BCD)
Limitations
N cannot be 0. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R.
Description
When the execution condition is OFF, BCNT(67) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, BCNT(67) counts the total number of bits that are ON in all words between SB and SB+(N1) and places the result in R. ER: N is not BCD, or N is 0; SB and SB+(N1) are not in the same area. The resulting count value exceeds 9999. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) EQ: ON when the result is 0.
Flags
5-28-6 FRAME CHECKSUM FCS()

Ladder Symbols
FCS() C R1 D @FCS() C R1: First word in range R1 D IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR D: First destination word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

C: Control data IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR, #
Limitations
The 3 rightmost digits of C must be BCD between 001 and 999. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D.
Description
FCS() can be used to check for errors when transferring data through communications ports. When the execution condition is OFF, FCS() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, FCS() calculates the frame checksum of the specified range by exclusively ORing either the contents of words R1 to R1+N1 or the bytes in words R1 to R1+N1. The frame checksum value (hexadecimal) is then converted to ASCII and output to the destination words (D and D+1).
378
Section 5-28
The function of bits in C are shown in the following diagram and explained in more detail below.
C:
15 14 13 12 11
00
Number of items in range (N, BCD) 001 to 999 words or bytes First byte (when bit 13 is ON) 1 (ON): Rightmost 0 (OFF): Leftmost
Not used. Set to zero.
Calculation units 1 (ON): Bytes 0 (OFF): Words
Number of Items in Range
The number of items within the range (N) is contained in the 3 rightmost digits of C, which must be BCD between 001 and 999. The frame checksum of words will be calculated if bit 13 is OFF and the frame checksum of bytes will be calculated if bit 13 is ON. If bytes are specified, the range can begin with the leftmost or rightmost byte of R1. The leftmost byte of R1 will not be included if bit 12 is ON.
MSB 1 3 5 7 LSB 2 4 6 8
Calculation Units
R1 R1+1 R1+2 R1+3
When bit 12 is OFF the bytes will be ORed in this order: 1, 2, 3, 4, .... When bit 12 is ON the bytes will be ORed in this order: 2, 3, 4, 5, .... Conversion to ASCII The byte frame checksum calculation yields a 2-digit hexadecimal value which is converted to its 4-digit ASCII equivalent. The word frame checksum calculation yields a 4-digit hexadecimal value which is converted to its 8-digit ASCII equivalent, as shown below. Byte frame checksum value 4A Word frame checksum value F10B
3 4 4 1
4 6 3 1
D+1
3 0 4 2
Flags
ER:
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) The number of items is not 001 to 999 BCD.
379
Example
Section 5-28
When IR 00000 is ON in the following example, the frame checksum (0008) is calculated for the 8 words from DM 0000 to DM 0007 and the ASCII equivalent (30 30 30 38) is written to DM 0010 and DM 0011.
00000 @FCS() #0008 DM 0000 DM 0010
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD @FCS()
Operands 00000 # DM DM 0008 0000 0010
DM 0000 DM 0001 DM 0002 DM 0003 DM 0004 DM 0005 DM 0006 DM 0007
0001 0002 0003 0004 0005 0006 0007 0008
FCS calculation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 ASCII code conversion DM 0010 3 0 3 0 DM 0011 3 0 3 8
5-28-7 FAILURE POINT DETECTION FPD()

Ladder Symbols
FPD() # C T: Monitoring time (BCD) T D IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT. LR, # D: First register word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

C: Control data
Limitations
D and D+8 must be in the same data area when bit 15 of C is ON. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for T or D. C must be input as a constant. FPD() can be used in the program as many times as desired, but each must use a different D. It is used to monitor the time between the execution of FPD() and the execution of a diagnostic output. If the time exceeds T, an FAL(06) nonfatal error will be generated with the FAL number specified in C.
Description
380
Section 5-28
The program sections marked by dashed lines in the following diagram can be written according to the needs of the particular program application. The processing programming section triggered by CY is optional and can be used any instructions but LD and LD NOT. The logic diagnostic instructions and execution condition can consist of any combination of NC or NO conditions desired.
Execution condition Branch FPD()(50) C T D SR 25504 (CY Flag) Processing after error detection.
Logic diagnostic instructions
Diagnostic output
When the execution condition is OFF, FPD() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, FPD() monitors the time until the logic diagnostics condition goes ON, turning ON the diagnostic output. If this time exceeds T, the following will occur: 1, 2, 3... 1. An FAL(06) error is generated with the FAL number specified in the first two digits of C. If 00 is specified, however, an error will not be generated. 2. The logic diagnostic instructions are searched for the first OFF input condition and this conditions bit address is output to the destination words beginning at D. 3. The CY Flag (SR 25504) is turned ON. An error processing program section can be executed using the CY Flag if desired. 4. If bit 15 of C is ON, a preset message with up to 8 ASCII characters will be displayed on the Peripheral Device along with the bit address mentioned in step 2. Control Data The function of the control data bits in C are shown in the following diagram. C: 15 14 08 07 00
FAL number (2-digit BCD, 00 to 99)
Not used. Set to zero.
Diagnostics output 0 (OFF): Bit address output (binary) 1 (ON): Bit address and message output (ASCII)
Logic Diagnostic Instructions If the time until the logic diagnostics condition goes ON exceeds T, the logic diagnostic instructions are searched for the OFF input condition. If more than one input condition is OFF, the input condition on the highest instruction line and nearest the left bus bar is selected.
00000 00002 Diagnostic output
00001
00003
When IR 00000 to IR 00003 are ON, the normally closed condition IR 00002 would be found as the cause of the diagnostic output not turning ON.
381
Diagnostics Output 1, 2, 3...
Section 5-28
There are two ways to output the bit address of the OFF condition detected in the logic diagnostics condition. 1. Bit address output (used when bit 15 of C is OFF). Bit 15 of D indicates whether or not bit address information is stored in D+1. If there is, bit 14 of D indicates whether the input condition is normally open or closed. D: 15 14 13
Not used. Input condition 0 (OFF): Normally open 1 (ON): Normally closed Bit address information 0 (OFF): Not recorded in D+1. 1 (ON): Recorded in D+1.
00
D+1 contains the bit address code of the input condition, as shown below. The word addresses, bit numbers, and TIM/CNT numbers are in binary.
Data Area IR, SR HR LR D+1 bit status 15 1 1 1 14 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 12 0 1 1 1 11 1 0 0 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 Word address Word address 0 1 Word address * Timer or counter number Bit number Bit number Bit number
TIM/CNT* 1
Note a) *For the TIM/CNT area, bit 09 of D+1 indicates whether the number is a timer or counter. A 0 indicates a timer, and a 1 indicates a counter. b) The status of the leftmost bit of the bit number (bit 03) is reversed. Example: If D + 1 contains 1000 0110 0100 1000, IR 10000 would be indicated as follows: 1000 0110 0100 1000
IR $64 = 100 Bit 00 (inverting status of bit 03)
2. Bit address and message output (selected when bit 15 of C is ON). Bit 15 of D indicates whether or not there is bit address information stored in D+1 to D+3. If there is, bit 14 of D indicates whether the input condition is normally open or closed. Refer to the following table. Words D+5 to D+8 contain information in ASCII that are displayed on a Peripheral Device along with the bit address when FPD() is executed. Words D+5 to D+8 contain the message preset by the user as shown in the following table.
Word D+1 D+2 D+3 D+4 D+5 D+6 D+7 D+8 Bits 15 to 08 20 = space Second ASCII character Fourth ASCII character 2D = First ASCII character Third ASCII character Fifth ASCII character Seventh ASCII character Bits 07 to 00 First ASCII character Third ASCII character Fifth ASCII character 0=normally open, 1=normally closed Second ASCII character Fourth ASCII character Sixth ASCII character Eighth ASCII character
Note If 8 characters are not needed in the message, input 0D after the last character.
382
Section 5-28
Determining Monitoring Time The procedure below can be used to automatically set the monitoring time, T, under actual operating conditions when specifying a word operand for T. This operation cannot be used if a constant is set for T. 1, 2, 3... 1. Switch the CQM1H to MONITOR Mode operation. 2. Connect a Peripheral Device, such as a Programming Console. 3. Use the Peripheral Device to turn ON control bit AR 2508. 4. Execute the program with AR 2508 turned ON. If the monitoring time currently in T is exceeded, 1.5 times the actual monitoring time will be stored in T. FAL(06) errors will not occur while AR 2508 is ON. 5. Turn OFF AR 2508 when an acceptable value has been stored in T. Example In the following example, the FPD() is set to display the bit address and message (ABC) when a monitoring time of 123.4 s is exceeded.
SR 25315 MOV(21) #4142 HR 15 SR 25315 MOV(21) #430D HR 16 LR 0000 FPD() #8010 #1234 HR 10 SR 25504 (CY Flag) INC(38) DM 0100 10000 10002 LR 0015
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD MOV(21)
Operands 25315 # HR 4142 15 25315 430D 16 0000 0010 1234 10 25504 0100 10000 10001 10002 10003 0015
00002 00003
LD MOV(21) # HR LR # # HR
00004 00005
LD FPD()
00006 00007 00008 00009 00010 00011 00012 00013
AND INC(38) DM LD OR LD NOT OR NOT AND LD OUT
10001
10003
LR
FPD() is executed and begins monitoring when LR 0000 goes ON. If LR 0015 does not turn ON within 123.4 s and IR 10000 through IR 10003 are all ON, IR 10002 will be selected as the cause of the error, an FAL(06) error will be generated with an FAL number of 10, and the bit address and preset message (100021ABC) will be displayed on the Peripheral Device.
HR 10 HR 11 HR 12 HR 13 HR 14 HR 15 HR 16 HR 17 HR 18 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 4142 430D 0000 0000 HR 10 HR 11 HR 12 HR 13 HR 14 HR 15 HR 16 HR 17 HR 18 C000 2031 3030 3032 2D31 4142 430D 0000 0000 Indicates information, normally closed condition 1 00 02 1 AB C, and CR code The last two words are ignored. (Displayed as spaces.)
383
Flags ER: T is not BCD. C is not a constant or is not BCD 00 to 99.
Section 5-28
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) CY: ON when the time between the execution of FPD() and the execution of a diagnostic output exceeds T.
5-28-8 INTERRUPT CONTROL INT(89)

INT(89) CC 000 D @INT(89) CC 000 D CC: Control code # (000 to 003, 100, or 200) 000: No function # (000) D: Control data IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, TR, #
DM 6644 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D when CC=002. When the execution condition is OFF, INT(89) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, INT(89) is used to control interrupts and performs one of the six functions shown in the following table depending on the value of CC. Note Refer to 1-4 Interrupt Functions for more details.
INT(89) function Mask/unmask input interrupts Clear input interrupts Read current mask status Renew counter SV Mask all interrupts Unmask all interrupts 000 001 002 003 100 200 CC
These six functions are described in more detail below. Refer to page 38 for more information on these functions. Mask/Unmask I/O Interrupts (CC=000) This function is used to mask and unmask I/O interrupt inputs 00000 to 00003. Masked inputs are recorded, but ignored. When an input is masked, the interrupt program for it will be run as soon as the bit is unmasked (unless it is cleared beforehand by executing INT(89) with CC=001). Set the corresponding bit in D to 0 or 1 to unmask or mask an I/O interrupt input. Bits 00 to 03 correspond to 00000 to 00003. Bits 04 to 15 should be set to 0.
Word D bits: 3 2 1 0 Interrupt input 00000 (0: unmask, 1: mask) Interrupt input 00001 (0: unmask, 1: mask) Interrupt input 00002 (0: unmask, 1: mask) Interrupt input 00003 (0: unmask, 1: mask)
Clear I/O Interrupts (CC=001)
This function is used to clear I/O interrupt inputs 00000 to 00003. Since interrupt inputs are recorded, masked interrupts will be serviced after the mask is removed unless they are cleared first.
384
Section 5-28
Set the corresponding bit in D to 1 to clear an I/O interrupt input. Bits 00 to 03 correspond to 00000 to 00003. Bits 04 to 15 should be set to 0.
Word D bits: 3 2 1 0 Interrupt input 00000 (0: Do not clear, 1: clear) Interrupt input 00001 (0: Do not clear, 1: clear) Interrupt input 00002 (0: Do not clear, 1: clear) Interrupt input 00003 (0: Do not clear, 1: clear)
Read Current Mask Status (CC=002)
This function is used to write the current mask status for I/O interrupt inputs 00000 to 00003 to word D. The corresponding bit will be ON if the input is masked. (Bits 00 to 03 correspond to 00000 to 00003.)
Word D bits: 3 2 1 0 Interrupt input 00000 (0: not masked, 1: masked) Interrupt input 00001 (0: not masked, 1: masked) Interrupt input 00002 (0: not masked, 1: masked) Interrupt input 00003 (0: not masked, 1: masked)
Renew Counter SV (CC=003)
This function is used to renew the counter SV for I/O interrupt inputs 00000 to 00003 to word D. Set the corresponding bit in D to 1 in order to renew the inputs counter SV. (Bits 00 to 03 correspond to 00000 to 00003.)
Word D bits: 3 2 1 0 Interrupt input 00000 counter SV (0: Change, 1: Dont change) Interrupt input 00001 counter SV (0: Change, 1: Dont change) Interrupt input 00002 counter SV (0: Change, 1: Dont change) Interrupt input 00003 counter SV (0: Change, 1: Dont change)
Mask/Unmasking All Interrupts (CC=100/200)
This function is used to mask or unmask all interrupt processing. Masked inputs are recorded, but ignored. Refer to page 26 for details. The control data, D, is not used for this function. Set D to #0000. ER: A counters SV is incorrect. (CC=003 only) Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) CC=100 or 200 while an interrupt program was being executed. CC=100 when all inputs were already masked. CC=200 when all inputs were already unmasked. CC and/or D are not within specified values.
Flags
5-28-9 SET PULSES PULS(65)

Ladder Symbols
PULS(65) P C N @PULS(65) 000, 001 P C: Control data C N 000 to 005 N: Number of pulses IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

P: Port specifier
385
Limitations Description N and N+1 must be in the same data area. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for N.
Section 5-28
PULS(65) can be used with the functions listed in the following table.
Unit/Board Transistor Output Unit Pulse I/O Board Pulse outputs Pulse outputs 1 and 2 Function
PULS(65) is used to set parameters for pulse outputs that are started later in the program using SPED(64) or ACC(). The parameters that can be set are the number of pulses that will be output in independent mode, the direction of pulse outputs from ports 1 and 2, and the deceleration point for pulse outputs controlled by ACC() mode 0. Since PULS(65) has a relatively long execution time, the cycle time can be reduced by executing the differentiated version (@PULS(65)) of this instruction only when it is needed. Note Refer to 1-5 Pulse Output Functions for more details. Port Specifier (P) The port specifier indicates the pulse output location. The parameters set in C and N will apply to the next SPED(64) or ACC() instruction in which the same port output location is specified.
Pulse output location Output bits 00 to 15 (See note.) Port 1 Port 2 000 001 002 P
Note The bit between 00 and 15 that is output as the contact pulse is specified by the P operand in SPED(64), Control Data (C) The control data determines the direction of the pulse output to ports 1 and 2 and indicates whether the number of pulses and/or the deceleration point are specified in N to N+3. This operand should be set to 000 when an output bit is specified in P (P=jj0).
C 000 001 002 003 004 005 Direction CW CCW CW CCW CW CCW Number of pulses Set in N and N+1 Set in N and N+1 Set in N and N+1 Set in N and N+1 Not set. Not set. Deceleration point Not set. Not set. Set in N+2 and N+3 Set in N+2 and N+3 Not set. Not set.
The direction setting is valid until program execution is stopped or PULS(65) is executed again. Number of Pulses (C=000 or C=001) When C=000 or 001, N+1, N contains the 8-digit number of pulses setting for independent mode pulse outputs. N+1, N can be from 0000 0001 to 1677 7215. The pulse output started by SPED(64) or ACC() will stop automatically when this number of pulses has been output.
Leftmost 4 digits Number of pulses: N+1 Rightmost 4 digits N Possible range 0000 0001 to 1677 7215
Number of Pulses and Deceleration Point (C=002 or C=003) When C=002 or 003, N+1, N contains the 8-digit number of pulses setting for
386
Section 5-28
independent mode pulse outputs. N+1, N can be from 0000 0001 to 1677 7215. The pulse output started by ACC() will stop automatically when this number of pulses has been output.
Leftmost 4 digits Number of pulses: N+1 Rightmost 4 digits N Possible range 0000 0001 to 1677 7215
N+3, N+2 contains the 8-digit number of pulses setting for the deceleration point used in ACC() mode 0. N+3, N+2 can be from 0000 0001 to 1677 7215. The pulse output started by ACC() will begin deceleration when this number of pulses have been output.
Leftmost 4 digits Deceleration point: N+3 Rightmost 4 digits N+2 Possible range 0000 0001 to 1677 7215
Change Output Destination (C=004 or C=005) When C=004 or 005, neither the number of pulses nor the deceleration point are set. Set N=000 when C=004 or 005. Use these settings to change the output destination for continuous mode pulse outputs from port 1 or port 2. Frequency Changes The number of pulses set to be output will be used even if SPED(64) is used to change the pulse frequency during operation. (The number of pulses cannot be changed during operation.) For example, if the number of pulses setting is 2,100 and the frequency is changed from 1 KHz to 100 Hz, pulse output will stop in: 12 s if the pulse frequency is changed after 1 s at 1 KHz. 3 s if the pulse frequency is changed after 2 s at 1 KHz. ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) A data area boundary is exceeded. There is an error in the instruction settings. PULS(65) is executed in an interrupt subroutine while a pulse I/O or high-speed counter instruction is being executed in the main program.
Flags
5-28-10 SPEED OUTPUT SPED(64)

Ladder Symbols
SPED(64) P M F @SPED(64) 001, 002, or 010 to 150 P M: Output mode M F 000 or 001 F: Pulse frequency IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR, #
Operand Data Areas

P: Port specifier
Limitations
F must be BCD, #0000 to #5000 when a port is specified, #0000 or #0002 to #0100 when an output bit is specified. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for F. SPED(64) can be used with the functions listed in the following table.
Unit/Board Transistor Output Unit Pulse I/O Board Pulse outputs Pulse outputs 1 and 2 Function
Description
387
Section 5-28
SPED(64) is used to set, change, or stop pulse output from the specified port or output bit. When the execution condition is OFF, SPED(64) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SPED(64) sets the pulse frequency F for the port or output bit specified by P. M determines the output mode. Since SPED(64) has a relatively long execution time, the cycle time can be reduced by executing the differentiated version (@SPED(64)) of this instruction only when it is needed. Note Refer to 1-5 Pulse Output Functions for more details.
Port Specifier (P)
The port specifier specifies the port or output bit where the pulses will be output.
P 001 002 000 to 150 Port 1 Port 2 Output bits IR 10000 to IR 10015. The first two digits of P specify which bit of IR 100 is the output bit and the third digit of P is always set to 0. For example, P=000 specifies IR 10000, P=010 specifies IR 10001, ... and P=150 specifies bit IR 10015. Pulse output location
Output Mode (M)
The value of M determines the output mode.

M 000 001 002 003 Output mode Independent mode, frequency set in units of 10 Hz Continuous mode, frequency set in units of 10 Hz Independent mode, frequency set in units of 1 Hz (See note.) Continuous mode, frequency set in units of 1 Hz (See note.)
Note Settings of 002 and 003 can be specified only for ports 1 and 2 of a Pulse I/O Board (P=001 or P=002). In independent mode, the pulse output will continue until one of the following occurs: 1, 2, 3... 1. The number of pulses specified by the PULS(65) instruction is reached. (Execute PULS(65) before SPED(64) when specifying independent mode.) 2. The INI(61) instruction is executed with C=003. 3. SPED(64) is executed again with the output frequency, F, set to 000. When outputting pulses in independent mode, specify the number of pulses beforehand by executing PULS(65). When outputting from port 1 or 2, specify the direction (CW or CCW) as well. In independent mode, the number of pulses that have been output to ports 1 and 2 are contained in IR 236 and 237 (port 1) and IR 238 and IR 239 (port 2).
Leftmost 4 digits Port 1 pulse output PV: Port 2 pulse output PV: IR 237 IR 239 Rightmost 4 digits IR 236 IR 238
In continuous mode, pulses will be output until the INI(61) instruction is executed with C=003 or SPED(64) is executed again with F=0000. If the direction (CW or CCW) is not specified when outputting from port 1 or 2, the pulses will be CW. Pulse Frequency (F) The value of F sets the pulse frequency, as shown below. Setting F to 0000 will stop the pulse output at the specified location.
Output Output bits Port 1 or 2 Units 10 Hz 10 Hz 1 Hz Possible values of F 0000 (Stops output.) or 0002 to 0100 (20 Hz to 1 kHz) 0000 (Stops output.) or 0001 to 5000 (10 Hz to 50 kHz) 0000 (Stops output.) or 0010 to 9999 (10 Hz to 9,999 Hz)
388
Section 5-28
Precautions Regarding Pulse Output The pulse frequency output from the CQM1H-PLB21 Pulse I/O Board is generated by dividing the 500-kHz basic clock pulse by an integer value, which results in a difference between the set frequency and actual frequency. Refer to the following equation for calculating an actual frequency. Set Frequency: Output frequency set in the instruction by the user Dividing Unit: An integer set in the dividing circuit to generate an output pulse of the set frequency Actual Frequency: Output pulse frequency actually output from the dividing circuit
The dividing unit is set based on the frequency set by the user. Output pulse (actual frequency) Dividing circuit
Pulsegenerating clock
500 kHz
Equation: Actual frequency (KHz) = 500 (KHz)/INT (500 (kHz)/Set frequency (kHz)) INT: Function for obtaining an integer value INT (500/Set frequency): Dividing unit The difference between the set frequency and actual frequency becomes larger as the frequency becomes higher. Example:
Set frequency (kHz) 45.46 to 50.00 41.67 to 45.45 38.47 to 41.66 : 31.26 to 33.33 29.42 to 31.25 27.78 to 29.41 : 20.01 to 20.83 19.24 to 20.00 18.52 to 19.23 : 10.01 to 10.20 9.81 to 10.00 9.62 to 9.80 : 5.01 to 5.05 4.96 to 5.00 4.90 to 4.95 : 3.02 to 3.03 3.00 to 3.01 2.98 to 2.99 : Actual frequency (kHz) 50.00 45.45 41.67 : 33.33 31.25 29.41 : 20.83 20.00 19.23 : 10.20 10.00 9.80 : 5.05 5.00 4.95 : 3.03 3.01 2.99 :
Precautions
The pulse output cannot be used when interval timer 0 is operating.
389
Section 5-28
When a pulse output with a frequency of 500 Hz or higher is output from an output bit, set interrupt processing for the TIMH(15) TIM/CNT numbers 000 to 003 by setting #0104 in DM 6629 of the PC Setup. Only one output bit at a time can have a pulse output. Note Pulse output can be stopped only when pulses are not currently being output. The Pulse Output Flag (AR 0515 or AR 0615) can be used to check pulse output status.
Flags
ER:
SPED(64) is executed while interval timer 0 is operating. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) There is an error in the instruction settings. SPED(64) is executed in an interrupt subroutine while a pulse I/O or high-speed counter instruction is being executed in the main program.
5-28-11 PULSE OUTPUT PLS2()

Ladder Symbols
PLS2() P D C @PLS2() 001 or 002 P D: Direction specifier D C 000 or 001 C: First control word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

P: Communications port
Limitations
PLS2() cannot be used if the PC Setup (DM 6611) is set to high-speed counter mode. P must be 001 or 002 and D must be 000 or 001. C to C+3 must be in the same data area.
Description
PLS2() can be used with the functions listed in the following table.
Unit/Board Pulse I/O Board Pulse outputs 1 and 2 (The mode for ports 1 and 2 must be set to the simple positioning mode in DM 6611 of the PC Setup. PLS2() cannot be used if the mode is set to high-speed counter mode.) Function
PLS2() is used to output a specified number of CW or CCW pulses from port 1 or 2. The pulse output accelerates to the target frequency at a specified rate and decelerates at the same rate. (Pulse output stops at 100 Hz.)
Target frequency 100 Hz
T1
T2
T1
390
Section 5-28
The following equations show how to calculate the approximate acceleration/ deceleration time T1 and running time T2. Both times are in seconds. T 1 ^ 0.004 T2 ^ Note Target frequency Acceration deceleration rate
Number of pulses * (T 1 Target frequency) Target frequency
1. Although T1 and T2 will vary slightly depending on the operating conditions, the number of pulses output will be accurate. 2. PLS2() will not operate if pulses are already being output from the specified port. Check the pulse output flags (AR 0515 for port 1 and AR 0615 for port 2) before executing PLS2(). 3. Refer to 1-5 Pulse Output Functions for more details. P specifies the port where the pulses will be output. Pulses are output from port 1 when P=001, and pulses are output from port 2 when P=002. D specifies whether the output signal is clockwise (CW) or counter-clockwise (CCW). The output is CW when D=000 and CCW when D=001. The content of C determines the acceleration/deceleration rate. During acceleration or deceleration, the output frequency is increased or decreased by the amount set in C every 4.08 ms. C must be BCD from 0001 to 0200 (10 Hz to 2 kHz). The content of C+1 specifies the target frequency. C+1 must be BCD from 0010 to 5000 (100 Hz to 50 kHz). The 8-digit content of C+3,C+2 determines the number of pulses that will be output. C+3, C+2 must be BCD between 0000 0001 and 1677 7215. ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) There is an error in the operand settings. PLS2() is executed without a Pulse I/O Board installed. The PC Setup is not set for pulse output. The target frequency, acceleration/deceleration rate, and number of pulses are incorrect. (Number of pulses < T1 Target frequency) PLS2() is executed in an interrupt subroutine while a pulse I/O or high-speed counter instruction is being executed in the main program. AR 0515: AR 0615: Port 1 output flag. ON when pulses are being output from port 1. Port 2 output flag. ON when pulses are being output from port 2.
Operand Settings
Flags
! Caution
With PLS2(), conditions such as acceleration/deceleration speed and the target speed can cause low-speed pulse output (100 Hz) to continue for an extended period of time when stopping. Even when this happens, the correct number of pulses will be output.
Time required for complete stop 100 Hz
391
Section 5-28
Correct the system by adjusting the acceleration/deceleration speed and/or the target speed, or by using the ACC() instruction (mode 0) to increase the speed (deceleration target frequency) when stopping.
5-28-12 ACCELERATION CONTROL ACC()

Ladder Symbols
ACC() P M C @ACC() 001 or 002 P M: Mode specifier M C 000 to 003 C: First control word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

Limitations
Mode 0 of ACC() cannot be used if the PC Setup (DM 6611) is set to highspeed counter mode. P must be 001 or 002 and M must be 000 to 003. C to C+3 must be in the same data area. ACC() can be used with the functions listed in the following table.
Unit/Board Pulse I/O Board Pulse outputs 1 and 2 (In order to use ACC() mode 0, ports 1 and 2 must be set simple positioning mode in DM 6611 of the PC Setup. ACC() cannot be used if the mode is set to high-speed counter mode.) Function
Description
ACC() is used together with PULS(65) to control the acceleration and/or deceleration of pulses output from port 1 or 2. The 4 available modes are described briefly below. The function of the control words varies in the 4 modes, but P always specifies the port where the pulses will be output and M always specifies the mode. Set P=001 or 002 to indicate port 1 or 2. Set M=000 to 003 to indicate modes 0 to 3. Note Refer to 1-5 Pulse Output Functions for more details. Mode 0 (M=000) Mode 0 is used to output a specified number of CW or CCW pulses from port 1 or 2. The acceleration rate, frequency after acceleration, deceleration point, deceleration rate, and frequency after deceleration can all be controlled.
Frequency after acceleration Acceleration rate Deceleration rate Frequency after deceleration
Deceleration point
Output stops.
PULS(65) Operand Settings PULS(65) must be executed before ACC() in order to specify direction, the total number of pulses to be output, and the deceleration point. The function of PULS(65) operands are described below. Refer to 5-28-9 SET PULSES PULS(65) for more details. 1, 2, 3... 1. The first operand of PULS(65) specifies the output port. Pulses are output from port 1 when P=001, and from port 2 when P=002.
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Section 5-28
2. The second operand specifies the direction. The output is clockwise (CW) when C=002 and counter-clockwise (CCW) when C=003. 3. The third operand specifies the first of 4 control words. a) The 8-digit content of N+1, N (0000 0001 to 1677 7215) determines the total number of pulses that will be output. b) The 8-digit content of N+3, N+2 (0000 0001 to 1677 7215) determines the deceleration point. ACC() Control Words The 4 control words indicate the acceleration rate, frequency after acceleration, deceleration rate, and frequency after deceleration.
1, 2, 3...
1. The content of C determines the acceleration rate. During acceleration, the output frequency is increased by the amount set in C every 4.08 ms. C must be BCD from 0001 to 0200 (10 Hz to 2 kHz). 2. The content of C+1 specifies the frequency after acceleration. C+1 must be BCD from 0000 to 5000 (0 Hz to 50 kHz). 3. The content of C+2 determines the deceleration rate. During deceleration, the output frequency is decreased by the amount set in C+2 every 4.08 ms. C must be BCD from 0001 to 0200 (10 Hz to 2 kHz). 4. The content of C+3 specifies the frequency after deceleration. C+3 must be BCD from 0000 to 5000 (0 Hz to 50 kHz). Mode 1 is used to increase the frequency being output to a target frequency at the specified rate. Pulse output continues until stopped.
Mode 1 (M=001)
Target frequency
Frequency before acceleration
Acceleration rate
Execution of ACC()
The 2 control words indicate the acceleration rate and target frequency. 1, 2, 3... 1. The content of C determines the acceleration rate. During acceleration, the output frequency is increased by the amount set in C every 4.08 ms. C must be BCD from 0001 to 0200 (10 Hz to 2 kHz). 2. The content of C+1 specifies the target frequency. C+1 must be BCD from 0000 to 5000 (0 Hz to 50 kHz). Mode 2 is used to decrease the frequency being output to a target frequency at the specified rate. Output stops when the total number of pulses specified in PULS(65) have been output.
Frequency before deceleration Deceleration rate Target frequency
Mode 2 (M=002)
Execution of ACC()
Output stops.
The 2 control words indicate the deceleration rate and target frequency. 1, 2, 3... 1. The content of C determines the deceleration rate. During deceleration, the output frequency is decreased by the amount set in C every 4.08 ms. C must be BCD from 0001 to 0200 (10 Hz to 2 kHz).
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2. The content of C+1 specifies the target frequency. C+1 must be BCD from 0000 to 5000 (0 Hz to 50 kHz).
Mode 3 (M=003)
Mode 3 is used to decrease the frequency being output to a target frequency at the specified rate. Pulse output continues until stopped.
Frequency before deceleration Deceleration rate Target frequency
Execution of ACC()
The 2 control words indicate the acceleration rate and target frequency. 1, 2, 3... 1. The content of C determines the acceleration rate. During acceleration, the output frequency is increased by the amount set in C every 4.08 ms. C must be BCD from 0001 to 0200 (10 Hz to 2 kHz). 2. The content of C+1 specifies the target frequency. C+1 must be BCD from 0000 to 5000 (0 Hz to 50 kHz). ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) There is an error in the operand settings. ACC() is executed without a Pulse I/O Board installed. The PC Setup is not set for pulse output. ACC() is executed with M=000 and the specified output port is already in use. ACC() is executed in an interrupt subroutine while a pulse I/O or highspeed counter instruction is being executed in the main program. AR 0515: AR 0615: Port 1 output flag. ON when pulses are being output from port 1. Port 2 output flag. ON when pulses are being output from port 2.
Flags
5-28-13 PULSE WITH VARIABLE DUTY FACTOR PWM()

Ladder Symbols
PWM() P F D @PWM() 001 or 002 P F: Frequency F D 000, 001, or 002 D: Duty factor IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
Operand Data Areas

Limitations
PWM() cannot be used unless the PC Setup (DM 6643 or DM 6644) is set for variable duty factor pulse outputs. P must be 001 or 002 and F must be 000, 001, or 002. D must be BCD between 0001 and 0099.
394
Description
Section 5-28
PWM() can be used with the functions listed in the following table.
Unit/Board Pulse I/O Board Pulse outputs 1 and 2 Function
PWM() is used to output pulses with the specified duty factor from port 1 or 2. The output can be set to one of three frequencies: 5.9 kHz, 1.5 kHz, or 91.6 Hz. The pulse output continues until INI(61) is executed to stop it. In order for PWM() to be executed, the specified port must be set for variable duty factor pulse outputs in the PC Setup. Set the leftmost digit of DM 6643 to 1 to enable variable duty factor pulse output from port 1, and set the leftmost digit of DM 6644 to 1 to enable variable duty factor pulse output from port 2. It is not possible to output normal pulses from a port that is set for variable duty factor output. Note Refer to 1-5 Pulse Output Functions for more details. Operand Settings P specifies the port where the pulses will be output. Pulses are output from port 1 when P=001, and pulses are output from port 2 when P=002. F specifies the frequency of the pulse output, as shown in the following table.
F 000 001 002 Frequency 5.9 kHz 1.5 kHz 91.6 Hz
D specifies the duty factor of the pulse output, i.e., the percentage of time that the output is ON. D must be BCD from 0001 to 0099 (1% to 99%). The duty factor is 75% in the following diagram.
ton t on + D (1% to 99%) T T
Flags
ER:
There is an error in the operand settings. PWM() is executed without a Pulse I/O Board installed. The PC Setup is not set for variable duty factor pulse output. PWM() is executed in an interrupt subroutine while a pulse I/O or high-speed counter instruction is being executed in the main program. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
5-28-14 DATA SEARCH SRCH()

Ladder Symbols
SRCH() N R1 C @SRCH() IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # N R1: First word in range R1 C IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR C: Comparison data, result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

N: Number of words
395
Limitations N must be BCD between 0001 to 9999. R1 and R1+N1 must be in the same data area. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for C. Description
Section 5-28
When the execution condition is OFF, SRCH() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SRCH() searches the range of memory from R1 to R1+N1 for addresses that contain the comparison data in C. If one or more addresses contain the comparison data, the EQ Flag (SR 25506) is turned ON and the lowest address containing the comparison data is identified in C+1. The address is identified differently for the DM area: 1, 2, 3... 1. For an address in the DM area, the word address is written to C+1. For example, if the lowest address containing the comparison data is DM 0114, then #0114 is written in C+1. 2. For an address in another data area, the number of addresses from the beginning of the search is written to C+1. For example, if the lowest address containing the comparison data is IR 114 and the first word in the search range is IR 014, then #0100 is written in C+1. If none of addresses in the range contain the comparison data, the EQ Flag (SR 25506) is turned OFF and C+1 is left unchanged.
Flags
ER:
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) N is not BCD between 0001 and 9999.
EQ: Example
ON when the comparison data has been matched in the search range.
In the following example, the 10 word range from DM 0010 to DM 0019 is searched for addresses that contain the same data as DM 0000 (#FFFF). Since DM 0012 contains the same data, the EQ Flag (SR 25506) is turned ON and #0012 is written to DM 0001.
00001 @SRCH() #0010 DM 0010 DM 0000
Address 00000 00001
Instruction LD @SRCH()
Operands 00001 # DM DM 0010 0010 0000
DM 0010 DM 0011 DM 0012 DM 0013 DM 0014 DM 0015 DM 0016 DM 0017 DM 0018 DM 0019
0000 9898 FFFF 9797 AAAA 9595 1414 0000 0000 FFFF
DM 0000 DM 0001
FFFF 0012
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Section 5-28
5-28-15 PID CONTROL PID()

Ladder Symbol
PID() IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR IW P1: First parameter word P1 OW IR, SR, DM, EM, HR, LR OW: Output data word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, LR
Operand Data Areas

IW: Input data word
Limitations
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for IW, P1 to P1+32, or OW. P1 to P1+32 must be in the same data area. ! Caution A total of 33 continuous words starting with P1 must be provided for PID() to operate correctly. Also, PID() may not operate dependably in any of the following situations: In interrupt programs, in subroutines, between IL(02) and ILC(03), between JMP(04) and JME(05), and in step programming (STEP(08)/SNXT(09)). Do not program PID() in these situations. PID() performs PID control based on the parameters specified in P1 through P1+6. The data in IW is used to calculate the output data that is written to OW. The following table shows the function of the parameter words.
Bits Parameter name Set value (SV). Proportional band width. Integral time Function/Setting range This is the target value for PID control. It can be set to any binary number with the number of bits set by the input range parameter. This parameter specifies the proportional band width/input range ratio from 0.1% to 999.9%. It must be BCD from 0001 to 9999. Sets the integral time/sampling period ratio used in integral control. It must be BCD from 0001 to 8191, or 9999. (9999 disables integral control.) Sets the derivative time/sampling period ratio used in derivative control. It must be BCD from 0001 to 8191, or 0000. Sets the interval between samplings of the input data from 0.1 to 102.3 s. It must be BCD from 0001 to 1023. Sets reverse or normal operation. Set to 0 to specify reverse operation or 1 to specify normal operation. Determines the strength of the input filter. The lower the coefficient, the weaker the filter. This setting must be BCD from 100 to 199, or 000. A setting of 000 sets the default value (0.65) and a setting of 100 to 199 sets the coefficient from 0.00 to 0.99.
Description
Word P1 P1+1 P1+2
00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15
P1+3 P1+4 P1+5
00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 03 04 to 15
Derivative time Sampling period Operation specifier Input filter coefficient
P1+6
00 to 07
Output range
Determines the number of bits of output data. This setting must be between 00 and 08, which sets the output range between 8 and 16 bits. Determines the number of bits of input data. This setting must be between 00 and 08, which sets the input range between 8 and 16 bits. Do not use. (Used by the system.)
08 to 15 P1+7 to P1+32 00 to 15
Input range Work area
When the execution condition is OFF, PID() is not executed and the instructions data is maintained. While the execution condition is OFF, the desired output data can be written directly to OW for manual control. When the execution condition first goes from OFF to ON, PID() reads the parameters and initializes the work area. There is a built-in function to change the
397
Network Instructions
Section 5-29
output data continuously at startup because sudden changes in the output data might adversely affect the controlled system.
! Caution
Changes made to the parameters will not be effective until the execution condition for PID() goes from OFF to ON.
Note Do not use PID() in the following situations; it may not be executed properly. In interrupt programs In subroutine programs In interlocked program sections (between IL and ILC) In jump program sections (between JMP and JME) In step ladder program section (created with STEP) When the execution condition is ON, PID() performs the PID calculation on the input data when the sampling period has elapsed. The sampling period is the time that must pass before input data is read for processing. The following diagram shows the relationship between the sampling period and PID processing. PID processing is performed only when the sampling period (100 ms in this case) has elapsed.
1 cycle
70 ms
60 ms
70 ms
70 ms
PID processing No processing (70+30=100 ms, (70 ms) no carryover) PID processing PID processing No processing with initial values (130 ms, 30 ms carryover) (60 ms) (0 ms)
Flags
ER:
There is an error in the parameter settings. The cycle time is more than twice as long as the sampling period, so PID() cannot be executed accurately. PID() will be executed in this case. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.)
CY:
ON when PID processing has been performed. (OFF when the sampling period has not elapsed.)
5-29 Network Instructions

The network instructions are used for communicating with other PCs host computers linked through the Controller Link System.
5-29-1 NETWORK SEND SEND(90)

Ladder Symbols
SEND(90) S D C @SEND(90) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR S D C D: Destination beginning word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR C: First control data word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Operand Data Areas

S: Source beginning word
398
Limitations
Section 5-29
C through C+2 must be within the same data area and must be within the values specified below. To be able to use SEND(90), the system must have a Controller Link Unit mounted. When the execution condition is OFF, SEND(90) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, SEND(90) transfers data beginning at word S, to addresses specified by D in the designated node on the Controller Link System. The control words, beginning with C, specify the number of words to be sent, the destination node, and other parameters. Control Words SEND(90) transmits n words beginning with S (the beginning source word for data transmission at the source node) to the n words beginning with D (the beginning destination word for data reception at destination node N).
Source node 0 L
n number of send words n
Description
15
@SEND(90) S: Source node beginning send word D: Destination node beginning receive word S C: Source node first control data word D C
15 14 C 000 0
Destination node N 0 15 D n L
n number of send words 000 to 3DE (Hex): 0 to 990 words 0: Destination network address not specified (local network) 1: Destination network address specified.
1514131211 C +1 1 1 87 0
Number of retries 0 to F (Hex): 0 to 15 retries Direct/Indirect 0: Direct; 1: Indirect 0: Response required 1: Response not required Always 1 Always 1
15 C+2 87 0
Response monitoring time 00 (Hex): 2 s (for 2 Mbps) 4 s (for 1 Mbps) 8 s (for 500 Kbps) 01 to FE (Hex): 0.1 to 25.4 s (unit: 0.1 s) FF (Hex): No response monitoring
Destination unit address 00 (Hex): PCs CPU Unit 01 (Hex): Computer (user program) 10 to 1F (Hex): Unit nos. 0 to 15 FE (Hex): Unit connected to network
15 C+3 0 0 0
Destination node number (N) 01 to 20 (Hex): 1 to 32 The same data can be broadcast to all nodes on the network by setting the destination node number to FF (Hex). The range of node numbers will vary for networks other than Controller Link Networks.
Destination network address 00 (Hex): Local network 01 to 7F (Hex): 1 to 127 This setting is enabled only when Destination network address specified is set in word C. When specifying a destination network address, set all the nodes in the routing tables. For details on routing tables, refer to the section on network interconnections in the Controller Link Unit Operation Manual (W309).
Executing SEND(90) just starts the data transmission via the Communications Unit. To check whether the transmission was actually completed, verify that the Network Instruction Enabled Flag (AR 0209) has gone from OFF to ON and the
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Section 5-29
Network Instruction Error Flag (AR 0208) is OFF. The transmission processing is completed when END(01) is executed. If a response is required but not received within the response monitoring time, the data transmission will be retried until a response is received or the specified number of retries (up to 15) is reached. When the destination node number is set to FF, the same data will be broadcast to all nodes on the specified network. When broadcast transmission is specified, responses will not be returned and transmissions will not be retried. If the Network Instruction Enabled Flag (AR 0209) is OFF when SEND(90) is executed, the instruction will be treated as NOP(00) and wont be executed. An error will occur and the Error Flag will be turned ON. If the Network Instruction Enabled Flag (AR 0209) is ON when SEND(90) is executed, the Network Instruction Error Flag (AR 0208) and Network Instruction Enabled Flag (AR 0209) will be turned OFF, the Network Instruction Completion Code will be set to 00, and the data will be sent to the node(s) on the network. When a current-bank EM area address is specified for the destination beginning word (D), the transmitted data will be written to the destination nodes current EM bank. Indirect addressing can be used for the destination beginning word (D) when transmitting to PCs that have larger data areas than the CQM1H such as the CS1-series or CV-series PCs. Indirect addressing can also be used to change the destination beginning word to suit the circumstances. If data will be transmitted to nodes in other networks, routing tables must be registered in the PCs (CPU Units) in each network. (Routing tables indicate the routes to other networks in which destination nodes are connected.) Only one network instruction may be executed at one time. To ensure that a second network instruction isnt executed until the first is completed, program the Network Instruction Enabled Flag (AR 0209) as a normally open condition. Never change the control data (C through C+3) while data is being transmitted and the Network Instruction Enabled Flag is OFF. Noise and other factors can cause the transmission or response to be corrupted or lost, so we recommend setting the number of retries to a non-zero value which will cause SEND(90) to be executed again if the response is not received within the response monitoring time. Indirect Destination Beginning Word Designations D is used to specify the destination beginning word as follows when indirect specification is designated:
Word D D+1 Bits 12 to 15 Area type Word address (4th digit) Word address (3rd digit) Bits 08 to 11 0 Word address (2nd digit) Bits 04 to 07 Bits 00 to 03 Word address (5th digit) Word address (1st digit)
CS1-series PCs and CV-series PCs have larger data areas than CQM1H, so the beginning words for sending and receiving at destination nodes cannot always be directly specified by means of SEND(90) and RECV(98) operands. Moreover, depending on circumstances, it may be desirable to change the beginning word at destination nodes. In such cases, set the Direct/Indirect control data designation to 1 (Indirect), and specify the beginning words for sending as described below.
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Section 5-29
The beginning receive word is determined by the contents of the destination nodes D and D+1 words.
@SEND(90) S D C
S: Source node beginning send word D: Destination node beginning receive word C: Source node first control data word
15 D D+1
12 11
Area code*
876543210 0000
Word address (5th digit)
Word address (1st digit) Word address (2nd digit) Word address (3rd digit) Word address (4th digit)
Note Specify the area code according to the following table.

Destination node: CS1-series PC Area Code CIO Timer (see note 1) Counter (see note 2) DM EM Banks 0 to 7 Banks 8 to 15 Current bank 00 03 04 05 10 to 17 A8 to AC 18 Destination node: CQM1H, C200HX/HG/HE PC Area Code IR LR HR AR Timer/Counter DM EM Banks 0 to 7 Banks 8 to 15 Current bank 00 06 07 08 03 05 10 to 17 28 to 2F 18 CIO CPU Bus Link Auxiliary Timer Counter DM EM Banks 0 to 7 Current bank Destination node: CV-series PC Area Code 00 01 02 03 04 05 10 to 17 18
Note Examples
1. Words 0 to 2555 in the IR Area can send and receive data. 2. Timer/counter numbers 0 to 2047 can send and receive data. When IR 00000 and AR 0209 (the Network Instruction Enabled Flag) are ON in the following example, the ten words from DM 0100 to DM 0109 are transmitted to node number 3 in the local network where they are written to the ten words from DM 0200 to DM 0209. The data will be retransmitted up to 3 times if a response is not received within ten seconds.
00000
AR 0209 @SEND(90) DM 0100 DM 0200 DM 0300
Address 00000 00001 00002
Instruction LD AND SEND(90)
Operands AR DM DM DM 00000 0209 0100 0200 0300
Node 3 15 C: DM 0300 C+1: DM 0301 C+2: DM 0302 C+3: DM 0303 0 C 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 6 0 0 A 4 3 0 DM 0109 DM 0209 0 DM 0100 DM 0101 DM 0200 DM 0201
401
Flags ER:
Section 5-29
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) The number of send words exceeds 990 words for a Controller Link Unit. There is no Controller Link Unit installed. The source words exceed the data area boundary.
5-29-2 NETWORK RECEIVE RECV(98)

Ladder Symbols
RECV(98) S D C @RECV(98) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR S D C D: Destination beginning word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR C: First control data word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Operand Data Areas

S: Source beginning word
Limitations
C through C+2 must be within the same data area and must be within the values specified below. To be able to use RECV(98), the system must have a Controller Link Unit mounted. When the execution condition is OFF, RECV(98) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, RECV(98) transfers data beginning at S from a node on the Controller Link System to words beginning at D. The control words, beginning with C, provide the number of words to be received, the source node, and other transfer parameters. Control Words RECV(98) receives m words beginning with S (the beginning word for data
Description
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Section 5-29
transmission at the destination node, M) to the words from D (the beginning word for data reception at the source node) onwards.
Source node 15 D m 0 Destination node M 15
m number of send words
@RECV(98) S D C
S: Destination node beginning send word D: Source node beginning receive word C: Source node first control data word
15 14 C 000
n number of send words 000 to 3DE (Hex): 0 to 990 words 0: Source network address not specified (local network) 1: Source network address specified.
1514131211 C+1 1 87 0
Number of retries 0 to F (Hex): 0 to 15 retries Direct/Indirect 0: Direct; 1: Indirect 0: Response required 1: Response not required Always 1 Always 1
15 C+2 87 0
Response monitoring time 00 (Hex): 2 s (for 2 Mbps) 4 s (for 1 Mbps) 8s (for 500 Kbps) 01 to FE (Hex): 0.1 to 25.4 s (unit: 0.1 s) FF (Hex): No response monitoring
Destination (transmission source) unit address 00 (Hex): PCs CPU Unit 01 (Hex): Computer (user program) 10 to 1F (Hex): Unit nos. 0 to 15 FE (Hex): Unit connected to network
15 C+3 0 0 0
Destination (transmission source) node number (M) 01 to 20 (Hex): 1 to 32 The range of node numbers will vary for networks other than Controller Link Networks.
Destination network address 00 (Hex): Local network 01 to 7F (Hex): 1 to 127 This setting is enabled only when Destination network address specified is set in word C. When specifying the destination network address, set all the nodes in the routing tables. For details on the routing tables, refer to the section on network interconnections in the Controller Link Unit Operation Manual (W309).
Executing RECV(98) just starts the data reception via the Communications Unit. To check whether the reception was actually completed, verify that the Network Instruction Enabled Flag (AR 0209) has gone from OFF to ON and the Network Instruction Error Flag (AR 0208) is OFF. The reception processing is completed when END(01) is executed. A response is required with RECV(098) because the response contains the data being received, so set bit 13 of C+1 to 0 to indicate that a response is required. If the response hasnt been received within the response monitoring time set in
403
Section 5-29
C+4, the request for data transfer will be retransmitted until a response is received or the specified number of retries (up to 15) is reached. If the Network Instruction Enabled Flag (AR 0209) is OFF when RECV(98) is executed, the instruction will be treated as NOP(00) and wont be executed. An error will occur and the Error Flag will be turned ON. If the Network Instruction Enabled Flag (AR 0209) is ON when RECV(98) is executed, the Network Instruction Error Flag (AR 0208) and Network Instruction Enabled Flag (AR 0209) will be turned OFF, the Network Instruction Completion Code will be set to 00, and the data will be received from the other node. Only one network instruction may be executed at one time. To ensure that a second network instruction isnt executed until the first is completed, program the Network Instruction Enabled Flag (AR 0209) as a normally open condition. Never change the control data (C through C+3) while data is being received and the Network Instruction Enabled Flag is OFF. Noise and other factors can cause the request for transfer or response to be corrupted or lost, so we recommend setting the number of retries to a non-zero value which will cause RECV(98) to be executed again if the response is not received within the response monitoring time. Indirect addressing can be used for the source beginning word (S) when receiving data from PCs that have larger data areas than the CQM1H such as the CS1series or CV-series PCs. Indirect addressing can also be used to change the source beginning word to suit the circumstances. Indirect Source Beginning Word Designations S is used to specify the source beginning word when indirect specification is required. Use the same designations as those used for the destination beginning word for SEND(90).
Examples
When IR 00000 and AR 0209 (the Network Instruction Enabled Flag) are ON in the following example, the data in ten words from DM 0100 to DM 0109 in node number 3 in the local network is received and written to the ten words from DM 0200 to DM 0209. The request for data transfer will be retransmitted up to 3 times if a response is not received within ten seconds.
00000
AR 0209 @RECV(98) DM 0100 DM 0200 DM 0300
Address 00000 00001 00002
Instruction LD AND RECV(98)
Node 3 15 C: DM 0300 C+1: DM 0301 C+2: DM 0302 C+3: DM 0303 0 C 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 6 0 0 A 4 3 0 DM 0109 DM 0209 0 DM 0100 DM 0101 DM 0200 DM 0201
404
Flags ER:
Section 5-29
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) The number of send words exceeds 990 words for a Controller Link Unit. There is no Controller Link Unit installed. The received data exceeds the data area boundary.
5-29-3 DELIVER COMMAND: CMND()

Ladder Symbols
CMND() S D C @CMND() IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR S D C D: First response word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR C: First control word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Operand Data Areas

S: First command word
Limitations
C through C+5 must be within the same data area and must be within the values specified below. To be able to use CMND(), the system must have a Controller Link Unit mounted. When the execution condition is OFF, CMND() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, CMND() transmits the FINS command beginning at word S to the specified node on the Controller Link System and receives the response.
Local node Destination node
Description
Command Command data (n bytes)
Interpret
Response Response data (m bytes)
Execute
Control Words The six control words C to C+5 specify the number of bytes of command data and response data, the destination, and other settings shown in the following table.
Word C C+1 C+2 Bits 00 to 07 Bits 08 to 15 Bytes of command data: 0000 to 07C6 hexadecimal (0 to 1,990 bytes) Bytes of response data: 0000 to 07C6 hexadecimal (0 to 1,990 bytes) Destination network address 00: Local network 01 to 7F: Network 1 to 127 Always 00.
405
Word C+3 Bits 00 to 07 Destination unit address 00: CPU Unit 01: Computer (user program) 10 to 1F: Units 0 to 15 E1: Inner Board FE: Unit connected to network No. of retries: 00 to 0F (0 to 15)
Section 5-29
Bits 08 to 15 Destination node number 01 to 20: 1 to 32 (See note 1.) FF: Broadcast (See note 2.)
C+4
Response setting 00: Response requested. 80: No response requested.
C+5
Response monitoring time 0000: 2 s at 2 Mbps, 4 s at 1 Mbps, or 8 s at 500 Kbps 0001 to FFFF: 0.1 to 6,553.5 seconds (0.1 s units)
Note
1. The allowed range is 01 to 20 hexadecimal (1 to 32) for a Controller Link, but the maximum node number will differ for other networks. 2. Set the destination node number to FF to broadcast the command to all nodes in the network. Executing CMND() just starts the transmission of the FINS command via the Communications Unit. To check whether the transmission was actually completed, verify that the Network Instruction Enabled Flag (AR 0209) has gone from OFF to ON and the Network Instruction Error Flag (AR 0208) is OFF. The command transmission processing is completed when END(01) is executed. If a response is required but not received within the response monitoring time, the command will be issued again until a response is received or the specified number of retries (up to 15) is reached. Be sure to indicate that no response is required when issuing command does not generate a response. When the destination node number is set to FF, the same command will be broadcast to all nodes on the specified network. When broadcast transmission is specified, responses will not be returned and transmissions will not be retried. An error will occur if the amount of response data exceeds the number of bytes of response data set in C+1. If the Network Instruction Enabled Flag (AR 0209) is OFF when CMND() is executed, the instruction will be treated as NOP(00) and wont be executed. An error will occur and the Error Flag will be turned ON. If the Network Instruction Enabled Flag (AR 0209) is ON when CMND() is executed, the Network Instruction Error Flag (AR 0208) and Network Instruction Enabled Flag (AR 0209) will be turned OFF, the Network Instruction Completion Code will be set to 00, and the FINS command will be issued to the node(s) on the network. The destination node(s) will be located through the routing tables registered in the network PCs. (Routing tables indicate the routes to other networks in which destination nodes are connected.) Only one network instruction may be executed at one time. To ensure that a second network instruction isnt executed until the first is completed, program the Network Instruction Enabled Flag (AR 0209) as a normally open condition. Never change the control data (C through C+5) while FINS command is being processed and the Network Instruction Enabled Flag is OFF. Noise and other factors can cause the transmission or response to be corrupted or lost, so we recommend setting the number of retries to a non-zero value which will cause CMND() to be executed again if the response is not received within the response monitoring time. CMND() operates just like SEND(90) if the FINS command code is 0102 (MEMORY AREA WRITE) and just like RECV(098) if the code is 0101 (MEMORY AREA READ).
406
Examples
Section 5-29
When IR 00000 and AR 0209 (the Network Instruction Enabled Flag) are ON in the following example, CMND issues FINS command 0101 (MEMORY AREA READ) to node number 3 in the local network. The MEMORY AREA READ command reads 10 words from DM 0010 to DM 0019. The response contains the 2-byte command code (0101), the 2-byte completion code, and then the 10 words of data, for a total of 12 words or 24 bytes. The command will be issued again up to 3 times if a response is not received within ten seconds.
00000
AR 0209 @CMND() DM 0100 DM 0200 DM 0300
Address 00000 00001 00002
Instruction LD AND SEND(90)
15 S: DM 0100 S+1: DM 0101 S+2: DM 0102 S+3: DM 0103 15 C: DM 0300 C+1: DM 0301 C+2: DM 0302 C+3: DM 0303 C+4: DM 0304 C+5: DM 0305 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 6 8 8 0 0 3 4 0 8 0 0 1 2 A 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 A
0 Command code: 0101 hexadecimal (MEMORY AREA READ) DM 0010 (Data area = 82 hexadecimal, address = 000A00) Number of words to read = 0A hexadecimal (10 decimal) 0 Bytes of command data: 0008 (8 decimal) Bytes of response data: 0018 (24) Transmit to the local network and the device itself Node number 3, unit address 00 (CPU Unit) Response requested, port number 0, 3 retries Response monitoring time: 0064 hexadecimal (10 seconds)
Flags
ER:
407
Communications Instructions
Section 5-30
5-30 Communications Instructions

5-30-1 RECEIVE RXD(47)
Ladder Symbols
RXD(47) D C N @RXD(47) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR D C: Control word C N # N: Number of bytes IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
Operand Data Areas

D: First destination word
Limitations
D and D+(N2)1 must be in the same data area. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D or N. N must be BCD from #0000 to #0256. When the execution condition is OFF, RXD(47) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, RXD(47) reads N bytes of data received at the port specified in the control word, and then writes that data in words D to D+(N2)1. Up to 256 bytes of data can be read at one time. If fewer than N bytes are received, the amount received will be read. Note Refer to 1-6 Communications Functions for more details on using the RXD(47) instruction, setting communications protocol in the PC Setup, etc. The CQM1H will be incapable of receiving more data once 256 bytes have been received if received data is not read using RXD(47). Read data as soon as possible after the Reception Completed Flag is turned ON. The following table lists the Reception Completed Flags for the various ports.
Port CPU Units built-in RS-232C port Peripheral port Serial Communications Board Port 1 Port 2 Reception Completed Flag AR 0806 AR 0814 IR 20106 IR 20114
Description
Communications flags and counters can be cleared by executing RXD(47) with N set to 0000.
408
Related Flags and Control Bits
Section 5-30
The following table lists the various flags, control bits, and words that are used when receiving data with RXD(47).
Port CPU Units built-in RS-232C port Flag AR 0806 Function The Reception Completed Flag is turned ON when reception is completed and is turned OFF after data is read with RXD(47). Contains the number of bytes received in 4-digit BCD. This word is cleared to 0000 after data is read with RXD(47). Turn ON the RS-232C Port Reset Bit to reset the RS-232C port. The Reception Completed Flag is turned ON when reception is completed and is turned OFF after data is read with RXD(47). Contains the number of bytes received in 4-digit BCD. This word is cleared to 0000 after data is read with RXD(47). Turn ON the Peripheral Port Reset Bit to reset the peripheral port. The Reception Completed Flag is turned ON when reception is completed and is turned OFF after data is read with RXD(47). Contains the number of bytes received in 4-digit BCD. This word is cleared to 0000 after data is read with RXD(47). Turn ON the Port 1 Restart Bit to reset port 1. The Reception Completed Flag is turned ON when reception is completed and is turned OFF after data is read with RXD(47). Contains the number of bytes received in 4-digit BCD. This word is cleared to 0000 after data is read with RXD(47). Turn ON the Port 2 Restart Bit to reset port 2.
AR 09
SR 25209 Peripheral port AR 0814
AR 10
SR 25208 Serial Communications IR 20106 Board port 1 IR 202
IR 20700 Serial Communications IR 20114 Board port 2 IR 203
IR 20701
Control Word (C)
The value of the control word determines the port from which data will be read and the order in which data will be written to memory.
Digit number:
3 2 1 0
Byte order
0: Most significant bytes first 1: Least significant bytes first
Not used. (Set to 0.) Serial port specifier (when bits 12 to 15 are 0.) 0: CPU Units built-in RS-232C port 1: Serial Communications Board port 1 2: Serial Communications Board port 2 Port 0: Port other than the peripheral port 1: Peripheral port
409
Section 5-30
The order in which data is written to memory depends on the value of digit 0 of C. Eight bytes of data 12345678... will be written in the following manner:
Digit 0 = 0 MSB 1 3 5 7 LSB 2 4 6 8 Digit 0 = 1 MSB 2 4 6 8 LSB 1 3 5 7
D D+1 D+2 D+3
D D+1 D+2 D+3
Flags
ER:
A port on the Serial Communications Board is specified, but a Serial Communications Board is not installed. There is an error in the communications settings (PC Setup) or the operand settings. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) The destination words (D to D+(N2)1) exceed the data area.
5-30-2 TRANSMIT TXD(48)

Ladder Symbols
TXD(48) S C N @TXD(48) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR S C: Control word C N # N: Number of bytes IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, #
Operand Data Areas

S: First source word
Limitations
S and S+(N2)1 must be in the same data area. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for S or N. N must be BCD from #0000 to #0256. (#0000 to #0061 in host link mode)
Description
When the execution condition is OFF, TXD(48) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, TXD(48) reads N bytes of data from words S to S+(N2)1, converts it to ASCII, and outputs the data from the specified port. TXD(48) operates differently in host link mode and no-protocol mode, so these modes are described separately. Note Refer to 1-6 Communications Functions for more details on using the TXD(48) instruction, setting communications protocol in the PC Setup, etc.
410
Host Link Mode
Section 5-30
N must be BCD from #0000 to #0061 (i.e., up to 122 bytes of ASCII). The value of the control word (C) determines the port from which data will be output, as shown below.
0 0
Not used. (Set to 0.) Not used. (Set to 0.) Serial port specifier (when bits 12 to 15 are 0.) 0: CPU Units built-in RS-232C port 1: Serial Communications Board port 1 2: Serial Communications Board port 2 Port 0: Port other than the peripheral port 1: Peripheral port
The specified number of bytes will be read from S through S+(N/2)1, converted to ASCII, and transmitted through the specified port. The bytes of source data shown below will be transmitted in this order: 12345678...
MSB 1 3 5 7 LSB 2 4 6 8
S S+1 S+2 S+3
The following table lists the Transmission Enabled Flags for each port. The corresponding Transmission Enabled Flag will be ON when the CQM1H is capable of transmitting data through that port.
Port CPU Units built-in RS-232C port Peripheral port Serial Communications Board Port 1 Port 2 Transmission Enabled Flag AR 0805 AR 0813 IR 20105 IR 20113
The following diagram shows the format for host link command (TXD) sent from the CQM1H. The CQM1H automatically attaches the prefixes and suffixes, such as the node number, header, and FCS.
@ X
.........
CR
Node number
Header code
Data (122 ASCII characters max.)
FCS
Terminator
No-protocol Mode
N must be BCD from #0000 to #00256. The value of the control word determines the port from which data will be output and the order in which data will be written to memory.
411
Section 5-30
Control Word (C) The value of the control word determines the port from which data will be read and the order in which data will be written to memory.
0
Byte order
0: Most significant bytes first 1: Least significant bytes first
Not used. (Set to 0.) Serial port specifier (when bits 12 to 15 are 0.) 0: CPU Units built-in RS-232C port 1: Serial Communications Board port 1 2: Serial Communications Board port 2 Port 0: Port other than the peripheral port 1: Peripheral port
The specified number of bytes will be read from S through S+(N2)1 and transmitted through the specified port.
S S+1 S+2 S+3 MSB 1 3 5 7 LSB 2 4 6 8
When digit 0 of C is 0, the bytes of source data shown above will be transmitted in this order: 12345678... When digit 0 of C is 1, the bytes of source data shown above will be transmitted in this order: 21436587... Note When start and end codes are specified the total data length should be 256 bytes max., including the start and end codes. (The maximum data length is 254 bytes when both a start code and end code are specified.) Flags ER: A port on the Serial Communications Board is specified, but a Serial Communications Board is not installed. There is an error in the communications settings (PC Setup) or the operand settings. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) The source words (S to S+(N2)1) exceed the data area.
5-30-3 CHANGE SERIAL PORT SETUP STUP()

Ladder Symbols
STUP() N S 000 @STUP() IR 000, IR 001, IR 002, or IR 003 N S: First source word S 000 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # Third operand: Set to 000.
Operand Data Areas

N: Port specifier
412
Limitations N must be IR 000, IR 001, IR 002, or IR 003.
Section 5-30
S and S+4 must be in the same data area. (S can be set to #0000 to change the RS-232C settings to their defaults.) STUP() cannot be executed for the CPU Units built-in RS-232C port if pin 5 on the DIP switch is ON. STUP() cannot be executed within an interrupt subroutine. Description When the execution condition is OFF, STUP() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, STUP() changes the PC Setup settings for the port specified by N. N determines which part of the RS-232C Setup is changed.
N IR 000 IR 001 IR 002 IR 003 Specified Port Built-in RS-232C port (PC Setup: DM 6645 to DM 6649) Serial Communications Board port 1 (PC Setup: DM 6555 to DM 6559) Serial Communications Board port 2 (PC Setup: DM 6550 to DM 6554) Peripheral port (PC Setup: DM 6650 to DM 6654)
If S is a word address, the contents of S through S+4 are copied to the 5 words in the PC Setup that contain the settings for the port specified by N. If S is input as the constant #0000, the settings for the specified port are reset to their default values.
S Word address Constant (#0000) Function The contents of S through S+4 are copied to the part of the PC Setup that contains the settings for the port specified by N. The settings for the port specified by N are reset to their default values.
The following table lists the Settings Changing Flags or Protocol Macro Executing Flags for each port. The corresponding flag will remain ON while STUP() is being executed and will be turned OFF when the change has been completed.
Port Built-in RS-232C port Peripheral port Serial Port 1 Communications Port 2 Board Flag name CPU Unit RS-232C Port Settings Changing Flag CPU Unit Peripheral Port Settings Changing Flag Protocol Macro Executing Flag Protocol Macro Executing Flag Flag address AR 2404 AR 2403 IR 20708 IR 20712
Application Example
This example shows a program that transfers the contents of DM 0100 through DM 0104 to the PC Setup area for Serial Communications Board port 1 (DM 6555 through DM 6559) when IR 00000 is ON and IR 20708 is OFF.
00000
20708
@STUP() 001 DM 0100
Address 00000 00001 00002
Instruction LD AND NOT @STUP()
Operands 00000 20708 001 0100
DM
413
Section 5-30
The settings are transferred as shown below. The Port 1 Protocol Macro Executing Flag (IR 20708) will be turned OFF again when the transfer has been completed.
DM 0100 DM 0101 DM 0102 DM 0103 DM 0104 1001 0803 0000 2000 0000 DM 6555 DM 6556 DM 6557 DM 6558 DM 6559 1001 0803 0000 2000 0000
The following table shows the function of the transferred setup data.
Word DM 0100 DM 0101 DM 0102 DM 0103 DM 0104 Content 1001 0803 0000 2000 0000 Function Enables the communications settings in DM 0101 and sets the communications mode to RS-232C. Sets the following communications settings: 9,600 bps, 1 start bit, 8-bit data, 1 stop bit, no parity No transmission delay (0 ms) Enables the end code CR, LF. ---
Note An error will occur if STUP() is executed while a ports Settings Changing Flag or Protocol Macro Executing Flag is ON, so include the flag as a normally closed execution condition.
00000 20708
@STUP() 001 DM 0100
Use STUP() to change settings such as the communications mode during operation. For example, a communications sequence can be executed in Protocol Macro mode to exchange data through a modem connection and the communications mode can be switched to Host Link mode when necessary to monitor/ program the PC without stopping operation. Flags ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) The port specifier (N) isnt IR 000, IR 001, IR 002, or IR 003. The specified source words exceed the data area. The built-in RS-232C port or the peripheral port has been specified, but pin 5 on the DIP switch is ON. A port on the Serial Communications Board is specified, but a Serial Communications Board is not installed. STUP() was executed when the specified ports Settings Changing Flag (AR 2404 for the RS-232C port or AR 2403 for the peripheral port) or Protocol Macro Executing Flag (IR 20708 for port 1 or IR 20712 for port 2) was ON.
414
Section 5-30
5-30-4 PROTOCOL MACRO PMCR()

Ladder Symbols
PMCR() C S R @PMCR() IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # C S: First send word S R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR, # R: First receive word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Operand Data Areas

C: Control word
C must be BCD from #1000 to #2999. DM 6144 through DM 6655 cannot be used for R. When the execution condition is OFF, PMCR() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, PMCR() calls and executes the specified communications sequence (protocol data) that has been registered in the Serial Communications Board installed in the PC. Bits 00 to 11 of C specify the communications sequence number and bits 12 to 15 of C specify whether the sequence will be executed from port 1 or 2. When an operand is specified in the send messages variable, the content of S (0001 to 0129 BCD) specifies the number of words in the send area including S itself. (The send data begins at S+1, so the actual amount of send data is 0 to 128 words.) The send/receive message for the communications sequence registered in the Serial Communications Board must be set to read or write word data when DM isnt specified for S and R. If there is no send data, input the constant #0000 for S; any other constant or address specification will cause an error. When the communications sequence doesnt require a receive word, specify a word address anyway. Data wont be stored in the specified word and the contents of the word will be retained. When the communications sequence does require receive words, specify words that are not used for any other purpose in the program. The send and receive words (S and R) can also be set in the communications sequence registered in the Serial Communications Board. Note Refer to the Serial Communications Board Operation Manual for details on the Serial Communications Boards and the Protocol Software Operation Manual for details on communications sequences. The symbol read option (R()) in the send messages variables controls transmission of the send data in the specified send area. Likewise, the symbol write option (W()) in the received messages variables controls reception of data to the specified receive area. Refer to the CX-Protocol Operation Manual for details on specifying the R() and W() options in messages. Protocol Macro Executing Flags A ports Protocol Macro Executing Flag (IR 20708 for port 1 or IR 20712 for port 2) will be turned ON when PMCR() is executed and it will be turned OFF when the communications sequence has been completed and all of the received data has been stored in the specified receive words. Only one communications sequence can be executed at a time for each port and an error will occur if PMCR() is executed when that ports Protocol Macro Executing Flag is already ON. Be sure to include the flag as a normally closed execu-
415
Section 5-30
tion condition to prevent a second communications sequence from being executed before the first has been completed.
Execution condition 20708 or 20712
@PMCR() C S R
Control Word (C) The first digit of the control word (1 or 2) specifies the Serial Communications Board port and the last three digits specify the communications sequence (000 to 999), as shown in the following diagram. C:
Digits 2 to 4: Communications sequence number (000 to 999) Digit 1: Port specifier 1: Serial Communications Board port 1 2: Serial Communications Board port 2
First Send Word (S) The first word of the words required to send data is specified. S contains the number of words to be sent +1 (i.e., including the S word) and send data starts in S+1. Between 0 and 0128 words can be sent. If there is no send data, always set 0000 as a constant for S. An error will occur and the Error Flag will turn ON if any other constant or a word address is given and PMCR() will not be executed.
Number of send words + 1 (n+1 = 0001 to 0129) n+1 Prepare n words of data in advance (n = 0 to 128.)
First Receive Word (R) These words contain received data. Specify a word address for R even if no data is being received. If a constant is set for R, an error will occur, the Error Flag will turn ON, and PMCR() will not be executed.
The number of words of data received + 1 is automatically stored here. The m words of data that is received is stored here.
Flags
ER:
Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) R is not BCD or DM 6144 through DM 6655 has been used for R. Another PMCR() instruction was already in progress and the Protocol Macro Executing Flag was ON when the instruction was executed. The port specifier was not 1 or 2.
416
Advanced I/O Instructions

Example
Section 5-31
PMCR() executes communications sequence 101 when IR 00000 is ON and SR 20708 (the Port 1 Protocol Macro Executing Flag) is OFF. DM 0100 contains 0003, so the next two words (DM 0101 and DM 0102) are used as the send data. Received data is stored in the range of words beginning at DM 0201 and the number of words received is automatically written to DM 0200 (the first receive word.)
Note The symbol read option, R( ), in the send message, or the symbol write option, W( ), actually sends/receives data.
Address
PMCR #1101 DM 0100 DM 0200
00000
20708
Instruction LD AND NOT PMCR()
Operands 00000 20708 # DM DM 1101 0100 0200
00200 00201 00202
Communications sequence number (101) Port specifier (1:Port 1 of the Serial Communications Board)
DM 0100 DM 0101
Sent Used as send area R(1),2: 2 bytes sent from DM 0101
2 words
DM 0102
DM 0200
Received Received data W(1),2: 2 bytes received starting from DM 0201
1 word
DM 0201
5-31 Advanced I/O Instructions

5-31-1 7-SEGMENT DISPLAY OUTPUT 7SEG(88)
Ladder Symbols
7SEG(88) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR S O: Output word O IR, SR, AR, HR, LR,TIM/CNT, DM, EM C C: Control data 000 to 007
Operand Data Areas

S: First source word
Do not use 7SEG(88) more than twice in the program. When the execution condition is OFF, 7SEG(88) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, 7SEG(88) reads the source data (either 4 or 8-digit), converts it to 7-segment display data, and outputs that data to the 7-segment display connected to the output indicated by O.
417
Section 5-31
The value of C indicates the number of digits of source data and the logic for the Input and Output Units, as shown in the following table.
Source data 4 digits (S) Displays data input logic Same as Output Unit Different from Output Unit 8 digits (S, S+1) Same as Output Unit Different from Output Unit Displays latch input logic Same as Output Unit Different from Output Unit Same as Output Unit Different from Output Unit Same as Output Unit Different from Output Unit Same as Output Unit Different from Output Unit C 0000 0001 0002 0003 0004 0005 0006 0007
If there are 8 digits of source data, they are placed in S and S+1, with the most significant digits placed in S+1. If there are 4 digits of source data, they are placed in S. 7SEG(88) displays the 4 or 8-digit data in 12 cycles, and then starts over and continues displaying the data. Refer to page 417 for more information on 7SEG(88) and its applications. Flags ER: S and S+1 are not in the same data area. (When set to display 8-digit data.) Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) There is an error in operand settings. SR 25409: Hardware ON while 7SEG(88) is being executed.
The 7-segment display is connected to an Output Unit as shown in the diagram below. For 4-digit display, the data outputs (D0 to D3) are connected to output points 0 through 3, and latch outputs (CS0 to CS3) are connected to output points 4 through 7. Output point 12 (for 8-digit display) or output point 8 (for 4-digit display) will be turned ON when one round of data is displayed, but there is no need to connect them unless required by the application.
D0 D1 D2 D3 LE3 LE2 VDD (+) VSS (0) LE1 LE0 VDD (+) VSS (0) LE3 LE2 LE1 D0 D1 D2 D3 LE0 OD212
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 DC COM
418
Section 5-31
The outputs can be connected from a Transistor Output Unit with 8 or more output points for four digits or 16 or more output points for eight digits.
Note
1. Output Unit outputs normally employ negative logic. (Only the PNP output type employs positive logic.) 2. The 7-segment display may require either positive or negative logic, depending on the model.
Using the Instruction

7SEG(88) S O C
S: First source word O: Output word C: Control data
If the first word holding the data to be displayed is specified at S, and the output word is specified at O, and the SV taken from the table below is specified at C, then operation will proceed as shown below when the program is executed. Data Storage Format Leftmost 4 digits S+1 Rightmost 4 digits S
If only four digits are displayed, then only word S will be used. Set Values for Selecting Logic and Number of Digits (C)
Number of digits displayed 4 digits (4 digits, 1 block) Display Unit data input and Output Unit logic Same Different 8 digits (4 digits, 2 blocks) Same Different Display Unit latch input and Output Unit logic Same Different Same Different Same Different Same Different C setting data 000 001 002 003 004 005 006 007
Note Do not set C to values other than 000 to 007.

Function Bit(s) in O (4 digits, 1 block) Data output Latch output 0 Latch output 1 Latch output 2 Latch output 3 One Round Flag 00 to 03 04 05 06 07 08 (4 digits, 2 blocks) 00 to 03 04 to 07 08 09 10 11 12
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1
Output status (Data and latch logic depends on C)
100
101
102
103
Note 0 to 3: Data output for word S 4 to 7: Data output for word S+1
12 cycles required to complete one round
SR 25409 will turn ON while 7SEG(88) is being executed.
419

Note
Section 5-31
1. Do not use 7SEG(88) more than once within the same program. 2. Consider the cycle time and the characteristics of the 7-segment display when designing the system. 3. Output bits not used here can be used as ordinary output bits. With this instruction, 4 digits or 8 digits are displayed in 12 cycles. Operation will proceed from the first execution without regard to the status prior to execution. This example shows a program for displaying the CQM1s 8-digit BCD numbers at the 7-segment LED display. Assume that the 7-segment display is connected to output word IR 100. Also assume that the Output Unit is using negative logic, and that the 7-segment display logic is also negative for data signals and latch signals.
25313 (Always ON) 7SEG(88) DM0120 100 004
Application Example
The 8-digit BCD data in DM 0120 (rightmost 4 digits) and DM 0121 (leftmost 4 digits) are always displayed by means of 7SEG(88). When the contents of DM 0120 and DM 0121 change, the display will also change.
5-31-2 DIGITAL SWITCH INPUT DSW(87)

Ladder Symbols
DSW(87) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR IW OW: Output word OW R IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR R: First result word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Operand Data Areas

IW: Input word
DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for R. DSW(87) is used to read the value set on a digital switch connected to I/O Units. When the execution condition is OFF, DSW(87) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, DSW(87) reads the value (either 4 or 8-digit) set on the digital switch from IW and places the result in R. If the value is an 8-digit number, it is placed in R and R+1, with the most significant digits placed in R+1. The number of digits is set in DM 6639 of the PC Setup. DSW(87) reads the 4 or 8-digit data in 12 cycles, and then starts over and continues reading the data. Refer to page 420 for more information on DSW(87) and its applications. ER: IW and/or OW are not allocated to the correct I/O Units. Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) R and R+1 are not in the same data area. (When the CQM1H is set to receive 8-digit data.)
Flags
420

SR 25410: Hardware ON while DSW(87) is being executed.
Section 5-31
Connect the digital switch and the Input and Output Units as shown in the diagram below. In the diagram, an 8-digit input is shown. When using a 4-digit input, connect D0 through D3 from the digital switch to input points 0 through 3. In either case, output point 5 will be turned ON when one round of data is read, but there is no need to connect output point 5 unless required for the application.
ID212
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 COM 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 COM
Input Unit
D0 D1 D2 D3 D0 D1 D2 D3 CS0 CS1 CS2 CS3 RD
Interface
D0 D1 D2 D3 D0 D1 D2 D3 CS0 CS1 CS2 CS3 RD
A7E data line rightmost digits
A7E data line leftmost digits
Leftmost digits A7E
Rightmost digits
To A7E chip selection To A7E RD terminal
OD212
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 COM 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 COM
Note An interface to convert signals from 5 V to 24 V is required to connect an A7E digital switch.
Output Unit
421
Section 5-31
The following example illustrates connections for an A7B Thumbwheel Switch.
ID212
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 COM COM
Input Unit
A7B Thumbwheel Switch

8 4 2 1
OD212 Switch no. 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 C

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 0
Output Unit
15 DC COM
Note The data read signal is not required in the example.
The inputs can be connected to the CPU Units input terminals or a DC Input Unit with 8 or more input points and the outputs can be connected from a Transistor Output Unit with 8 or more output points. Preparations When using DSW(87), make the following setting in the PC Setup in PROGRAM mode before executing the program. Digital Switch Settings (PC Setup)
Bit 15 DM6639 0
Number of digits to read 00: 4 digits 01: 8 digits Default: 4 digits
Do not make any changes to bits 0 to 7. They are not related to DSW(87). Using the Instruction
DSW(87) IW OW R
IW: Input word OW: Output word R: First register word
422
Section 5-31
If the input word for connecting the digital switch is specified at for IW, and the output word is specified for OW, then operation will proceed as shown below when the program is executed.
IW Four digits: 00 to 03 100 Eight digits: 00 to 03, 04 to 07 Wd 0 00 01 02 03 04 05

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
101
102
103
Input data Leftmost 4 digits D+1
Rightmost 4 digits D
When only 4 digits are read, only word D is used. CS signal
RD (read) signal 1 Round Flag
16 cycles to complete one round of execution
SR 25410 will turn ON while DSW(87) is being executed. Note 1. Do not use DSW(87) more than once within the same program. 2. When using DSW(87), set the input constant for the relevant input word to less than the cycle time. (Input constants can be changed from DM 6620 onwards.) The characteristics of the digital switch must also be considered in system and program design. 3. Input and output bits not used here can be used as ordinary input and output bits. With this instruction, 4-digit or 8-digit set values can be read in 16 cycles. Application Example This example shows a program for reading 4 digits in BCD from the digital switch. Assume that the digital switch is connected to IR 000 (input) and IR 100 (output), and assume the default status for all the PC Setup (4 digits to read). The data set from the digital switch by DSW(87) is stored in HR 51. When IR 00015 turns ON, the value stored in HR 51 is moved to DM 0001.
25313 DSW(87) 000 100 HR51 00015 @MOV(21) HR51 DM0000
Note Output point 5 (here, IR 10005) turns on when one round of data is read and can be used to time switching the data storage area and gate signal (CS signal) when DSW(87) is used to input data to different areas of memory.
423
Section 5-31
5-31-3 HEXADECIMAL KEY INPUT HKY()

Ladder Symbols
HKY() IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR IW OW: Control signal output word OW D IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR D: First register word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Operand Data Areas

IW: Input word
Limitations
D and D+2 must be in the same data area. Do not use HKY() more than twice in the program. DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D. When the execution condition is OFF, HKY() is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, HKY() inputs data from a hexadecimal keypad connected to the input indicated by IW. The data is input in two ways: 1, 2, 3... 1. An 8-digit shift register is created in D and D+1. When a key is pressed on the hexadecimal keypad, the corresponding hexadecimal digit is shifted into the least significant digit of D. The other digits of D, D+1 are shifted left and the most significant digit of D+1 is lost. 2. The bits of D+2 and bit 4 of OW indicate key input. When one of the keys on the keypad (0 to F) is being pressed, the corresponding bit in D+2 (00 to 15) and bit 4 of OW are turned ON.
Description
Note When one of the keypad keys is being pressed, input from the other keys is disabled. HKY() inputs each digit in 3 to 12 cycles, and then starts over and continues inputting. Refer to page 424 for more details on HKY(). Flags ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) D and D+2 are not in the same data area. SR 25408: ON while HKY() is being executed.
424

Hardware
Section 5-31
Prepare the hexadecimal keyboard, and connect the 0 to F numeric key switches, as shown below, to input points 0 through 3 and output points 0 through 3. Output point 4 will be turned ON while any key is being pressed, but there is no need to connect it.
C 8 4 0 D 9 5 1 E A 6 2
OD212
F 1 B 3 7 5 3 7 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 COM COM 4 2 0
ID212
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 COM COM
Output Unit
Input Unit
The inputs can be connected to the input terminals on the CPU Unit or a DC Input Unit with 8 or more input points and the outputs can be connected from a Transistor Output Unit with 8 points or more. Using the Instruction
HKY IW 0W D
IW: Input word OW: Control signal output word D: First register word
425
Section 5-31
If the input word for connecting the hexadecimal keyboard is specified at IW, and the output word is specified at OW, then operation will proceed as shown below when the program is executed.
IW 00 01 02 03 16-key 0 to 9 to F D+2 00 to 09 to 15 OW 04 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 101112 Once per 12 cycles 0000 D+1 0000 D 0000 D+1 000F D 0000 D+1 00F9 D Turn ON flags corresponding to input keys (The flags remain ON until the next input.) ON for a 12-cycle period if a key is pressed.
16-key selection control signals
Status of 16 keys
SR 25408 will turn ON while HKY() is being executed. Note 1. Do not use HKY() more than once within the same program. 2. When using HKY(), set the input constant for the relevant input word to less than the cycle time. (Input constants can be changed from DM 6620 onwards.) 3. While one key is being pressed, input from other keys will not be accepted. 4. If more than eight digits are input, digits will be deleted beginning with the leftmost digit. 5. Input and output bits not used here can be used as ordinary input and output bits. With this instruction, one key input is read in 3 to 12 cycles. More than one cycle is required because the ON keys can only be determined as the outputs are turned ON to test them. Application Example This example shows a program for inputting numbers from a hexadecimal keyboard. Assume that the hexadecimal keyboard is connected to IR 000 (input) and IR 100 (output).
25313 (Always ON) HKY 000 100 DM1000 00015 @XFER(70) #0002 DM1000 DM0000
426
Section 5-31
The hexadecimal key information that is input to IR 000 by HKY() is converted to hexadecimal and stored in words DM1000 and DM1001. IR 00015 is used as an ENTER key, and when IR 00015 turns ON, the numbers stored in DM 1000 and DM 1001 are transferred to DM 0000 and DM 0001.
5-31-4 TEN KEY INPUT TKY(18)

Ladder Symbols
TKY(18) IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR IW D1: First register word D1 D2 IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR D2: Key input word IR, SR, AR, DM, EM, HR, TIM/CNT, LR
Operand Data Areas

IW: Input word
D1 and D1+1 must be in the same data area. DM 6143 to DM 6655 cannot be used for D1. When the execution condition is OFF, TKY(18) is not executed. When the execution condition is ON, TKY(18) inputs data from a ten-key keypad connected to the input indicated by IW. The data is input in two ways: 1, 2, 3... 1. An 8-digit shift register is created in D1 and D1+1. When a key is pressed on the ten-key keypad, the corresponding BCD digit is shifted into the least significant digit of D1. The other digits of D1, D1+1 are shifted left and the most significant digit of D1+1 is lost. 2. The first ten bits of D2 indicate key input. When one of the keys on the keypad (0 to 9) is being pressed, the corresponding bit of D2 (00 to 09) is turned ON.
Note When one of the keypad keys is being pressed, input from the other keys is disabled. TKY(18) can be used in several locations in the program by changing the input word, IW. Refer to page 427 for more details on TKY(18). Flags ER: Indirectly addressed EM/DM word is non-existent. (Content of *EM/*DM word is not BCD, or the EM/DM area boundary has been exceeded.) D1 and D1+1 are not in the same data area.
427

Hardware
Section 5-31
Prepare a 10-key keypad, and connect it so that the switches for numeric keys 0 through 9 are input to points 0 through 9 as shown in the following diagram. Either the input terminals on the CPU Unit or the inputs on a DC Input Unit with 16 or more input points can be used.
ID212
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 COM COM
9 10-key
0V
DC Input Unit
Using the Instruction

TKY(18) IW D1 D2
IW: Input word D1: First register word D2: Key input word
If the input word for connecting the 10-key keypad is specified for IW, then operation will proceed as shown below when the program is executed.
IW 00 01 02 to 09 1 key input D2 (2) 00 01 02 to 09 (4) 10 (1) (2) (3) (4) ON if a key is pressed. 9 key input 0 0 0 0 1 Turn ON flags corresponding to 10-key inputs (The flags remain ON until the next input.) (3) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 Input from 10-key (1) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Before execution 0 D1+1 0 0 0 0 0 D1 0 0
0 key input 1 0 2
2 key input 0 2 9
Note
1. While one key is being pressed, input from other keys will not be accepted. 2. If more than eight digits are input, digits will be deleted beginning with the leftmost digit.
428
Section 5-31
3. Input bits not used here can be used as ordinary input bits.
Application Example
In this example, a program for inputting numbers from the 10-key is shown. Assume that the 10-key is connected to IR 000.
25313 (Always ON) TKY(18) 000 DM1000 DM1002 00015 @XFER(70) #0002 DM1000 DM 0000
The 10-key information input to IR 000 using TKY(18) is converted to BCD and stored in DM 1000 and DM 1001. Key information is stored in DM 1002. IR 00015 is used as an ENTER key, and when IR 00015 turns ON, the data stored in DM 1000 and DM 1001 will be transferred to DM 0000 and DM 0001.
429
SECTION 6 Host Link Commands

This section explains the methods and procedures for using Host Link commands, which can be used for Host Link communications via the CQM1H ports. 6-1 6-2 Host Link Command Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . End Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2-1 Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2-2 Codes and Applicable Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Communications Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Command and Response Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4-1 Commands from the Host Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4-2 Commands from the PC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Host Link Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-1 IR/SR AREA READ RR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-2 LR AREA READ RL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-3 HR AREA READ RH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-4 PV READ RC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-5 TC STATUS READ RG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-6 DM AREA READ RD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-7 EM AREA READ RE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-8 AR AREA READ RJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-9 IR/SR AREA WRITE WR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-10 LR AREA WRITE WL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-11 HR AREA WRITE WH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-12 PV WRITE WC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-13 TC STATUS WRITE WG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-14 DM AREA WRITE WD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-15 EM AREA WRITE WE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-16 AR AREA WRITE WJ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-17 SV READ 1 R# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-18 SV READ 2 R$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-19 SV READ 3 R% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-20 SV CHANGE 1 W# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-21 SV CHANGE 2 W$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-22 SV CHANGE 3 W% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-23 STATUS READ MS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-24 STATUS WRITE SC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-25 ERROR READ MF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-26 FORCED SET KS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-27 FORCED RESET KR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-28 MULTIPLE FORCED SET/RESET FK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-29 FORCED SET/RESET CANCEL KC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-30 PC MODEL READ MM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-31 TEST TS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-32 PROGRAM READ RP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-33 PROGRAM WRITE WP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-34 COMPOUND COMMAND QQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-35 ABORT XZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-36 INITIALIZE :: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-37 TXD RESPONSE EX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5-38 Undefined Command IC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432 433 433 435 435 437 437 440 441 441 441 442 442 442 443 443 444 444 445 445 446 446 447 448 448 449 450 451 452 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 461 462 462 462 464 464 465 465
6-3 6-4
6-5
431
Host Link Command Summary
Section
6-1
6-1
Host Link Command Summary

The Host Link commands listed in the following table can be sent to the CQM1H for Host Link communications.
PC mode RUN Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Not valid Not valid Not valid Not valid Not valid Not valid Not valid Not valid Valid Valid Valid Not valid Not valid Not valid Valid Valid Valid Not valid Not valid Not valid Not valid Valid Valid Valid Not valid Valid Valid Valid Valid --MON Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Not valid Valid Valid Valid Valid --PRG Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Not valid --IR/SR AREA READ LR AREA READ HR AREA READ PV READ TC STATUS READ DM AREA READ EM AREA READ AR AREA READ IR/SR AREA WRITE LR AREA WRITE HR AREA WRITE PV WRITE TC STATUS WRITE DM AREA WRITE EM AREA WRITE AR AREA WRITE SV READ 1 SV READ 2 SV READ 3 SV CHANGE 1 SV CHANGE 2 SV CHANGE 3 STATUS READ STATUS WRITE ERROR READ FORCED SET FORCED RESET MULTIPLE FORCED SET/RESET FORCED SET/RESET CANCEL PC MODEL READ TEST PROGRAM READ PROGRAM WRITE COMPOUND COMMAND ABORT (command only) INITIALIZE (command only) TXD RESPONSE (response only) Undefined command (response only) Name Page 441 441 442 442 442 443 443 444 444 445 445 446 446 447 448 448 449 450 451 452 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 461 462 462 462 464 464 465 465
Header code RR RL RH RC RG RD RE RJ WR WL WH WC WG WD WE WJ R# R$ R% W# W$ W% MS SC MF KS KR FK KC MM TS RP WP QQ XZ EX IC
432
End Codes
Section
6-2
6-2
End Codes
6-2-1 Codes
The response (end) codes listed in the following table are returned in the response frame for Host Link commands. When two or more errors occur, the end code for the first error will be returned.
End code 00 01 02 Contents Normal completion Not executable in RUN mode Not executable in MONITOR mode UM write-protected Address over Probable cause No problem exists. The command that was sent cannot be executed when the PC is in RUN mode. The command that was sent cannot be executed when the PC is in MONITOR mode. The PCs UM is write-protected. --Check the relation between the command and the PC mode. Corrective measures
03 04
Turn OFF pin 1 of the CPU Units DIP switch (SW1).
The program address setting in an read or Check the program. write command is above the highest program address. The FCS is wrong. Check the FCS calculation method. If there was influence from noise, transfer the command again.
13
FCS error
14
Format error
The command format is wrong, or a comCheck the format and transfer the mand that cannot be divided has been dicommand again. vided, or the frame length is smaller than the minimum length for the applicable command. The data is outside of the specified range or too long. Hexadecimal data has not been specified. The operand specified in an SV Read or SV Change command does not exist in the program. Correct the data and transfer the command again. Check search data or the search starting point.
15
Entry number data error
16
Command not supported
18
Frame length error
The maximum frame length of 132 bytes was Check the command and divide it exceeded. into multiple frames if necessary. If the frame exceeds 280 bytes, the Reception Overflow Flag will be turned ON and there will not be a response.
19
Not executable
The read SV exceeded 9,999, or an I/O memory batch read was executed when items to read were not registered for composite command. The UM is write-protected.
Register items to read before attempting batch read.
23 A3
User memory protected Aborted due to FCS error in transmission data
Turn OFF the write-protection
A4 A5
Aborted due to format error in transmission data Aborted due to entry number data error in transmission data Aborted due to frame length error in transmission data
An FCS error occurred in the second or later Correct the command data and transfer the command again. frame, or there were two bytes or less of data in an intermediate or final frame for multiple writing. The command format did not match the number of bytes in the second or later frame. There was an entry number data error in the second or later frame, a data length error, or data was not set in hexadecimal. The length of the second and later frames exceeded the maximum of 128 bytes.
A8
433
End Codes
Section
6-2
A response will not be received with some errors, regardless of the command. These errors are listed in the following table.
Error Parity, overrun, or framing error during command reception. (Same even for commands address to other Units.) PC operation The Communications Error Flag will be turned ON, an error code will be registered, and receptions will be reset. (The error will be cleared automatically if communications restart normally.) The Communications Error Flags are as follows: Peripheral port: AR 0812 Built-in RS-232C port: AR 0804 Serial Communications Board port 1: IR 20104, Serial Communications Board port 2: IR 20112 The command will be discarded.
A command is received that does not have the @ character at the beginning of the first frame. Incorrect node number (Not a local unit or over The command will be discarded. 30) The data in an intermediate or final frame for An FCS error will occur. multiframe writes is longer than 2 bytes.
434
Section
6-3
6-2-2 Codes and Applicable Commands

The following table shows which end codes can be returned for each command.
Header RR RL RH RC RG RD RE RJ WR WL WH WC WG WD WE WJ R# R$ R% W# W$ W% MS SC MF KS KR FK KC MM TS RP WP QQ XZ IC EX 00 00 00 01 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 04 04 04 04 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 Possible End Codes 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 15 15 --------15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 16 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 19 19 23 23 A3 A3 A3 A4 A4 A5 A5 A8 A8 A8 19 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A4 A4 A4 A4 A4 A4 A4 A4 A5 A5 A5 A5 A5 A5 A5 A5 A8 A8 A8 A8 A8 A8 A8 A8 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A8 A8 A8 A8 A8 A8 A8 --------------------------------------------------------------------No response No response No end code No end code Comments
6-3
Host Link communications are executed by means of an exchange of commands and responses between the host computer and the PC. With the CQM1H, there are two communications methods that can be used. One is the normal method, in which commands are issued from the host computer to the PC. The other method allows commands to be issued from the PC to the host computer.
435
Communications Procedure Frame Transmission and Reception
Section
6-3
Commands and responses are exchanged in the order shown in the illustration below. The block of data transferred in a single transmission is called a frame. A single frame is configured of a maximum of 131 characters of data. The right to send a frame is called the transmission right. The Unit that has the transmission right is the one that can send a frame at any given time. The transmission right is traded back and forth between the host computer and the PC each time a frame is transmitted. The transmission right is passed from the transmitting Unit to the receiving Unit when either a terminator (the code that marks the end of a command or response) or a delimiter (the code that sets frames apart) is received. Commands from Host In Host Link communications, the host computer ordinarily has the transmission right first and initiates the communications. The PC then automatically sends a response.
Frame (command) Unit no. Header code Host computer Text FCS Terminator Next frame transmission enabled (i.e., transmission right transferred) Unit no. Header code End code PC Text FCS Terminator Frame (response)
Frame (command) Unit no. Header code Text FCS Terminator
Unit no. Header code End code Text FCS Terminator Frame (response)
Commands from PC
With CQM1H PCs, it is also possible in Host Link communications for the PC to send commands to the host computer. In this case it is the PC that has the transmission right and initiates the communications.
Host computer No response Unit no. Header code PC Text FCS Terminator
When commands are issued to the host computer, the data is transmitted in one direction from the PC to the host computer. If a response to a command is required, use a Host Link communications command to write the response from the host computer to the PC.
436
Command and Response Formats
Section
6-4
6-4

This section explains the formats for the commands and responses that are exchanged in Host Link communications.
6-4-1 Commands from the Host Computer

When a command is issued from the host computer, the command and response formats are as shown below. Command Format When transmitting a command from the host computer, prepare the command data in the format shown below.
x 101 x 100 : Header code Text FCS
Node No.
Terminator
@ An @ symbol must be placed at the beginning. Node No. Identifies the PC communicating with the host computer. Specify the Host Link node number set for the PC in the PC Setup (DM 6648 and DM 6653 for CPU Unit, DM 6553 and DM 6558 for Serial Communications Board). Header Code Set the 2-character command code. Text Set the command parameters. FCS Set a 2-character Frame Check Sequence code. See page 439. Terminator Set two characters, : and the carriage return (CHR$(13)) to indicate the end of the command. Response Format The response from the PC is returned in the format shown below. Prepare a program so that the response data can be interpreted and processed.
x 161 x 160 : Text FCS
x 101 x 100
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
@, Node No., Header Code Contents identical to those of the command are returned. End Code The completion status of the command (e.g., whether or not an error has occurred) is returned. Text Text is returned only when there is data such as read data. FCS, Terminator Refer to the corresponding explanations under Command Format. Long Transmissions The largest block of data that can be transmitted as a single frame is 131 characters. A command or response of 132 characters or more must therefore be divided into more than one frame before transmission. When a transmission is split, the ends of the first and intermediate frames are marked by a delimiter instead of a terminator.
437
Section
6-4
Dividing Commands (Host Computer to PC) As each frame is transmitted by the host computer, the computer waits for the delimiter to be transmitted from the PC. After the delimiter has been transmitted, the next frame will then be sent. This procedure is repeated until the entire command has been transmitted.
Frame 1 (command) Unit No. Header code Host computer Text FCS Delimiter
Frame 2 (command)
Frame 3 (command)
Text FCS Delimiter
Text FCS Terminator
PC
Delimiter
Delimiter
Unit No. Header code End code Text FCS Terminator Frame (response)
Dividing Responses (PC to Host Computer) As each frame is received by the host computer, a delimiter is transmitted to the PC. After the delimiter has been transmitted, the PC will transmit the next frame. This procedure is repeated until the entire response has been transmitted.
Frame (command) Unit No. Header code Host computer Text FCS Terminator Delimiter Delimiter
Unit No. Header code End code PC Text FCS Delimiter Frame 1 (response)
Text FCS Delimiter Frame 2 (response)
Text FCS Terminator Frame 3 (response)
438

Precautions for Long Transmissions
Section
6-4
When dividing commands such as WR, WL, WC, or WD that execute write operations, be careful not to divide into separate frames data that is to be written into a single word. As shown in the illustration below, be sure to divide frames so that they coincide with the divisions between words.
Frame 1 @ 0 0 W D Data One word of data FCS Delimiter
Node No. Frame 3
Header code
Data from the same word is not divided.
Data
: FCS
One word of data Data from the same word is not divided.
Terminator
FCS (Frame Check Sequence)
When a frame is transmitted, an FCS is placed just before the delimiter or terminator in order to check whether any data error has been generated. The FCS is 8-bit data converted into two ASCII characters. The 8-bit data is the result of an EXCLUSIVE OR performed on the data from the beginning of the frame until the end of the text in that frame (i.e., just before the FCS). Calculating the FCS each time a frame is received and checking the result against the FCS that is included in the frame makes it possible to check for data errors in the frame.
0 Text
4 FCS
Node No. Header code FCS calculation range ASCII code @ 1 0 R 1 Calculation result 40 31 30 52 31 0100 XOR 0011 XOR 0011 XOR 0101 0011 0100 4 0000 0001 0000 0010
Terminator
0001 0010 Converted to hexadecimal. 2 Handled as ASCII characters.
439

Example Program for FCS
Section
6-4
This example shows a BASIC subroutine program for executing an FCS check on a frame received by the host computer. 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 Note *FCSCHECK L=LEN(RESPONSE$) . .......... Data transmitted and received Q=0:FCSCK$= A$=RIGHT$(RESPONSE$,1) PRINT RESPONSE$,A$,L IF A$=* THEN LENGS=LEN(RESPONSE$)-3 ELSE LENGS=LEN(RESPONSE$)-2 FCSP$=MID$(RESPONSE$,LENGS+1,2) . . . FCS data received . FOR I=1 TO LENGS . .......... Number of characters in FCS Q=ASC(MID$(RESPONSE$,I,1)) XOR Q NEXT I FCSD$=HEX$(Q) IF LEN(FCSD$)=1 THEN FCSD$=0+FCSD$ . .... FCS result IF FCSD$<>FCSP$ THEN FCSCK$=ERR PRINTFCSD$=;FCSD$,FCSP$=;FCSP$,FCSCK$=;FCSCK$ RETURN
1. Normal reception data includes the FCS, delimiter or terminator, and so on. When an error occurs in transmission, however the FCS or some other data may not be included. Be sure to program the system to cover this possibility. 2. In this program example, the CR code (CHR$(13)) is not entered for RESPONSE$. When including the CR code, make the changes in lines 430 and 450.
6-4-2 Commands from the PC

In Host Link communications, commands are ordinarily sent from the host computer to the PC, but it is also possible for commands to be sent from the PC to the host computer. In Host Link Mode, any data can be transmitted from the PC to the host computer. To send a command to the host computer, use the TRANSMIT instruction (TXD(48)) in the PC program in Host Link Mode. TXD(48) outputs data from the specified port (the RS-232C port, the peripheral port, or ports 1 or 2 of the Serial Communications Board). Refer to page 410 for details on using TXD(48). Reception Format When TXD(48) is executed, the data stored in the words beginning with the first send word is converted to ASCII and output to the host computer as a Host Link command in the format shown below. The @ symbol, node number, header code, FCS, and delimiter are all added automatically when the transmission is sent. At the host computer, it is necessary to prepare in advance a program for interpreting and processing this format.
122 characters max.
: FCS
Node No. Header code (Must be EX)
Text
Terminator
One byte of data (2 digits hexadecimal) is converted to two characters in ASCII for transmission, the amount of data in the transmission is twice the amount of words specified for TXD(48). The maximum number of characters for transmission is 122 and the maximum number of bytes that can be designated for TXD(48) is one half of that, or 61.
440
Host Link Commands
Section
6-5
6-5
Host Link Commands

This section explains the commands that can be issued from the host computer to the PC.
6-5-1 IR/SR AREA READ RR

Reads the contents of the specified number of IR and SR words, starting from the specified word. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 R R x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Beginning word (0000 to 0255)
No. of words (0000 to 0256)
Terminator
Response Format
@ x 101 x 100 R
An end code of 00 indicates normal completion.

R x 161 x 160 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Read data (1 word) Read data (for number of words read)
Terminator
Note The response will be divided when reading more than 30 words of data. Parameters Read Data (Response) The contents of the number of words specified by the command are returned in hexadecimal as a response. The words are returned in order, starting with the specified beginning word.
6-5-2 LR AREA READ RL

Reads the contents of the specified number of LR words, starting from the specified word. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 R L x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Terminator
Response Format
@ x 101 x 100 R

L x 161 x 160 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
Parameters
Read Data (Response) The contents of the number of words specified by the command are returned in hexadecimal as a response. The words are returned in order, starting with the specified beginning word.
441
Host Link Commands
Section
6-5
6-5-3 HR AREA READ RH

Reads the contents of the specified number of HR words, starting from the specified word. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 R H x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Terminator
Response Format
@ x 101 x 100 R

H x 161 x 160 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
Parameters
6-5-4 PV READ RC
Reads the contents of the specified number of timer/counter PVs (present values), starting from the specified timer/counter. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 R C x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Beginning timer/counter (0000 to 0511)
No. of timers/counters (0001 to 0512)
Terminator
Response Format
@ x 101 x 100 R

C x 161 x 160 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
The response will be divided when reading more than 30 words of data. Parameters Read Data (Response) The number of present values specified by the command is returned in hexadecimal as a response. The PVs are returned in order, starting with the specified beginning timer/counter.
6-5-5 TC STATUS READ RG

Reads the status of the Completion Flags of the specified number of timers/ counters, starting from the specified timer/counter. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 R G x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
No. of timers/counters (0001 to 0512)
Terminator
442
Host Link Commands

Response Format An end code of 00 indicates normal completion.
@ x 101 x 100 Node No. R G x 161 x 160 ON/ OFF End code Read data (1 timer/counter) Read data (for number of TC read)
Section
6-5
: FCS
Header code
Terminator
The response will be divided when reading the status of more than 123 timer/ counters. Parameters Read Data (Response) The status of the number of Completion Flags specified by the command is returned as a response. 1 indicates that the Completion Flag is ON.
6-5-6 DM AREA READ RD

Reads the contents of the specified number of DM words, starting from the specified word. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 R D x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Terminator
Response Format
@ x 101 x 100 R

D x 161 x 160 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
Parameters
Read Data (Response) The contents of the number of words specified by the command are returned in hexadecimal as a response. The words are returned in order, starting with the specified beginning word. Note Be careful about the configuration of the DM area, as it varies depending on the CPU Unit model.
6-5-7 EM AREA READ RE

Reads the contents of the specified number of EM words, starting from the specified word in the specified EM bank. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 R E Bank No. Bank No. (See note.) x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 FCS
Node No.
Header code
Terminator
Note Input 00 Hex to specify bank number 0 or input two spaces to specify the current bank. Only the CQM1H-CPU61 CPU Unit has an EM area and it has only one bank, i.e., bank 0.
443
Host Link Commands

Response Format
@ x 101 x 100 R E x 161 x 160 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160 FCS
Section
6-5
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
Parameters
Read Data (Response) The contents of the number of words specified by the command are returned in hexadecimal as a response. The words are returned in order, starting with the specified beginning word. Note Be careful about the configuration of the EM area, as it varies depending on the CPU Unit model.
6-5-8 AR AREA READ RJ

Reads the contents of the specified number of AR words, starting from the specified word. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 R J x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Terminator
Response Format
@ x 101 x 100 R

J x 161 x 160 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Read data (1 word ) Read data (for number of words read)
Terminator
Parameters
6-5-9 IR/SR AREA WRITE WR

Writes data to the IR and SR areas, starting from the specified word. Writing is done word by word. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 W R x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Write data (1 word) Write data (for number of words to write)
Terminator
Note Divide the command when writing more than 30 words of data. Response Format An end code of 00 indicates normal completion.
@ x 101 x 100 W R x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
444
Host Link Commands

Parameters
Section
6-5
Write Data (Command) Specify in order the contents of the number of words to be written to the IR or SR area in hexadecimal, starting with the specified beginning word. Note The results will be as follows depending on the first write word.
Setting First write word 252 253 First write word 255 255 < First write word Results Data will be written through word 252 but not to other words and a normal response will be returned. No data will be written and a normal response will be returned. No data will be written and an error will occur.
6-5-10 LR AREA WRITE WL

Writes data to the LR area, starting from the specified word. Writing is done word by word. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 W L x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Write data (1 word) Write data (for number of words to write )
Terminator
Response Format

@ x 101 x 100 W L x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
Parameters
Write Data (Command) Specify in order the contents of the number of words to be written to the LR area in hexadecimal, starting with the specified beginning word. Note If data is specified for writing which exceeds the allowable range, an error will be generated and the writing operation will not be executed. If, for example, 60 is specified as the beginning word for writing and five words of data are specified, then 64 will become the last word for writing data, and the command will not be executed because LR 64 is beyond area boundary.
6-5-11 HR AREA WRITE WH

Writes data to the HR area, starting from the specified word. Writing is done word by word. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 W H x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Write data (1 word) Write data (for No. of words to write)
Terminator
Response Format

@ x 101 x 100 W H x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
445
Host Link Commands

Parameters
Section
6-5
Write Data (Command) Specify in order the contents of the number of words to be written to the HR area in hexadecimal, starting with the specified beginning word. Note If data is specified for writing which exceeds the allowable range, an error will be generated and the writing operation will not be executed. If, for example, 98 is specified as the beginning word for writing, and three words of data are specified, then 100 will become the last word for writing data, and the command will not be executed because HR 100 is beyond area boundary.
6-5-12 PV WRITE WC
Writes the PVs (present values) of timers/counters starting from the specified timer/counter. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 W C x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Write data (1 timer/counter) Write data (for No. of PV to write)
Terminator
@ x 101 x 100 W C x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
Parameters
Write Data (Command) Specify in decimal numbers (BCD) the present values for the number of timers/ counters that are to be written, starting from the beginning timer/counter. Note 1. When this command is used to write data to the PV area, the Completion Flags for the timers/counters that are written will be turned OFF. 2. If data is specified for writing which exceeds the allowable range, an error will be generated and the writing operation will not be executed. If, for example, 510 is specified as the beginning word for writing, and three words of data are specified, then 512 will become the last word for writing data, and the command will not be executed because TC 512 is beyond area boundary.
6-5-13 TC STATUS WRITE WG

Writes the status of the Completion Flags for timers and counters in the TC area, starting from the specified timer/counter (number). Writing is done number by number. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 W G x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 ON/ OFF Beginning timer/counter (0000 to 0511) FCS Write data (1 timer/counter) Write data (for number of TC to write) :
Node No.
Header code
Terminator
446
Host Link Commands
Section
6-5
Note Divide the command when writing the status of more than 118 timer/counters. Response Format An end code of 00 indicates normal completion.
@ x 101 x 100 W G x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
Parameters
Write Data (Command) Specify the status of the Completion Flags, for the number of timers/counters to be written, in order (from the beginning word) as ON (i.e., 1) or OFF (i.e., 0). When a Completion Flag is ON, it indicates that the time or count is up. Note If data is specified for writing which exceeds the allowable range, an error will be generated and the writing operation will not be executed. If, for example, 510 is specified as the beginning word for writing, and three words of data are specified, then 512 will become the last word for writing data, and the command will not be executed because TC 512 is beyond area boundary.
6-5-14 DM AREA WRITE WD

Writes data to the DM area, starting from the specified word. Writing is done word by word. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 Node No. W D x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160 Beginning word (0000 to 6143) Write data (1 word) Write data (for number of words to write) : FCS
Header code
Terminator
@ x 101 x 100 W D x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
Parameters
Write Data (Command) Specify in order the contents of the number of words to be written to the DM area in hexadecimal, starting with the specified beginning word. Note 1. If data is specified for writing which exceeds the allowable range, an error will be generated and the writing operation will not be executed. If, for example, 6142 is specified as the beginning word for writing, and three words of data are specified, then 6144 will become the last word for writing data, and the command will not be executed because DM 6144 is beyond the writable range. 2. Be careful about the configuration of the DM area, as it varies depending on the CPU Unit model.
447
Host Link Commands
Section
6-5
6-5-15 EM AREA WRITE WE

Writes data to the specified EM area bank, starting from the specified word. Writing is done word by word. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 Node No. W E Bank No. Bank No. (See note.) x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160 Beginning word (0000 to 6143) Write data (1 word) Write data (for number of words to write) FCS
Header code
Terminator
Note Input 00 Hex to specify bank number 0 or input two spaces to specify the current bank. Only the CQM1H-CPU61 CPU Unit has an EM area and it has only one bank, i.e., bank 0. Response Format
@ x 101 x 100 W E x 161 x 160 FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
Parameters
Write Data (Command) Specify in order the contents of the number of words to be written to the DM area in hexadecimal, starting with the specified beginning word. Note 1. If data is specified for writing which exceeds the allowable range, an error will be generated and the writing operation will not be executed. If, for example, 6142 is specified as the beginning word for writing, and three words of data are specified, then 6144 will become the last word for writing data, and the command will not be executed because DM 6144 is beyond the writable range. 2. Be careful about the configuration of the DM area, as it varies depending on the CPU Unit model.
6-5-16 AR AREA WRITE WJ

Writes data to the AR area, starting from the specified word. Writing is done word by word. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 W J x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Write data (1 word) Write data (for the number of words to write)
Terminator
Response Format

@ x 101 x 100 Node No. W J x 161 x 160 End code :: FCS
Header code
Terminator
Parameters
Write Data (Command) Specify in order the contents of the number of words to be written to the AR area in hexadecimal, starting with the specified beginning word.
448
Host Link Commands
Section
6-5
Note If data is specified for writing which exceeds the allowable range, an error will be generated and the writing operation will not be executed. If, for example, 26 is specified as the beginning word for writing, and three words of data are specified, then 28 will become the last word for writing data, and the command will not be executed because AR 28 is beyond the writable range.
6-5-17 SV READ 1 R#
Searches for the first instance of a TIM, TIMH(15), TTIM, CNT, and CNTR(12) instruction with the specified TC number in the users program and reads the PV, which assumed to be set as a constant. The SV that is read is a 4-digit decimal number (BCD). The program is searched from the beginning, which may take as much as 10 seconds to produce a response. Command Format
x 101 x 100 Node No. OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 Name TC number (0000 to 0511)
: FCS
Header code
Terminator
Response Format
x 101 x 100 x 161 x 160 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100
: FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
SV
Terminator
Parameters
Name, TC Number (Command) Specify the instruction for reading the SV in Name. Make this setting in 4 characters. In TC number, specify the timer/counter number used for the instruction.
Instruction name OP1 T T T C C I I T N N OP2 M M I T T OP3 OP4 (Space) H M (Space) R TIMER HIGH-SPEED TIMER TOTALIZING TIMER COUNTER REVERSIBLE COUNTER Classification
SV (Response) The constant SV is returned. Note 1. The instruction specified under Name must be in four characters. 2. If the same instruction is used more than once in a program, only the first one will be read. 3. Use this command only when it is definite that a constant SV has been set. 4. The response end code will indicate an error (16) if the SV wasnt entered as a constant.
449
Host Link Commands
Section
6-5
6-5-18 SV READ 2 R$
Reads the constant SV or the word address where the SV is stored. The SV that is read is a 4-digit decimal number (BCD) written as the second operand for the TIM, TIMH(15), TTIM, CNT, or CNTR(12) instruction at the specified program address in the users program. This can only be done with a program of less than 10,000. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 R $ x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Program address (0000 to 9999)
Name
TC number (0000 to 0511)
Terminator
Response Format
@ x 101 x 100 R $

x 161 x 160 OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Operand
SV
Terminator
Parameters
Name, TC Number (Command) Specify the name of the instruction for reading the SV in Name. Make this setting in 4 characters. In TC number, specify the timer/counter number used by the instruction.
Operand, SV (Response) The name that indicates the SV classification is returned to Operand, and either the word address where the SV is stored or the constant SV is returned to SV.
Operand OP1 C L H A D D E E C OP2 I R R R M M M M O OP3 O Classification OP4 (Space) IR or SR Constant or word address 0000 to 0255 0000 to 0063 0000 to 0099 0000 to 0027 0000 to 6655 0000 to 6655 0000 to 6143 0000 to 6143 0000 to 9999
(Space) (Space) LR (Space) (Space) HR (Space) (Space) AR (Space) (Space) DM : N (Space) DM (indirect) (Space) EM (indirect) (Space) Constant (Space) (Space) EM
Note
1. The instruction name and operand area designations must be in four characters. Fill any gaps with spaces to make a total of four characters. 2. Only the CQM1H-CPU61 CPU Unit has an EM area.
450
Host Link Commands
Section
6-5
6-5-19 SV READ 3 R%
Reads the constant SV or the word address where the SV is stored. The SV that is read is a 4-digit decimal number (BCD) written in the second word of the TIM, TIMH(15), TTIM, CNT, or CNTR(12) instruction at the specified program address in the users program. With this command, program addresses can be specified for a program of up to 99,999 steps. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 R % x 105 x 104 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100
Node No.
Header code Must be 0
Name
Timer/counter (0000 to 0511) : FCS
Terminator
Response Format
@ x 101 x 100 R %

x 161 x 160 OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Operand
SV
Terminator
Parameters
Name, TC Number (Command) Specify the name of the instruction for reading the SV in Name. Make this setting in 4 characters. In TC number, specify the timer/counter number used by the instruction.
Instruction name OP1 T T T C C I I T N N OP2 OP3 M M I T T OP4 (Space) H M (Space) R Classification TIMER HIGH-SPEED TIMER TOTALIZING TIMER COUNTER REVERSIBLE COUNTER TC number range 0000 to 0511
Operand, SV (Response) The name that indicates the SV classification is returned to Operand, and either the word address where the SV is stored or the constant SV is returned to SV.
Note
1. The instruction name and operand area designations must be in four characters. Fill any gaps with spaces to make a total of four characters. 2. Only the CQM1H-CPU61 CPU Unit has an EM area.
451
Host Link Commands
Section
6-5
6-5-20 SV CHANGE 1 W#
Searches for the first instance of the specified TIM, TIMH(15), TTIM, CNT, or CNTR(12) instruction in the users program and changes the SV to new constant SV specified in the second word of the instruction. The program is searched from the beginning, and it may therefore take approximately 10 seconds to produce a response. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 W # OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Name
SV (0000 to 9999)
Terminator
Response Format

@ x 101 x 100 W # x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
Parameters
Name, TC Number (Command) In Name, specify the name of the instruction, in four characters, for changing the SV. In TC number, specify the timer/counter number used for the instruction.
6-5-21 SV CHANGE 2 W$
Changes the contents of the second word of the TIM, TIMH(15), TTIM, CNT, or CNTR(12) at the specified program address in the users program. This can only be done with a program of up to 9,999 steps. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 W $ x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100
Node No.
Header code
Name
OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4
x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100
: FCS
Operand
SV
Terminator
Response Format

@ x 101 x 100 W $ x 161 x 160 :
Node No.
Header code
End code
FCS
Terminator
452
Host Link Commands

Parameters
Section
6-5
Operand, SV (Response) In Operand, specify the name that indicates the SV classification. Specify the name in four characters. In SV, specify either the word address where the SV is stored or the constant SV.
Note Only the CQM1H-CPU61 CPU Unit has an EM area.
6-5-22 SV CHANGE 3 W%
Changes the contents of the second word of the TIM, TIMH(15), TTIM CNT, or CNTR(12) at the specified program address in the users program. With this command, program address can be specified for a program of up to 99,999 steps. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 W % x 105 x 104 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100
Node No.
Header code Must be 0
Name
Timer/counter (0000 to 0511)
OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 Operand
x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 SV FCS
Terminator
Response Format

@ x 101 x 100 W % x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
453
Host Link Commands

Parameters
Section
6-5
Instruction name OP1 T T T C C I I T N N OP2 OP3 M M I T T OP4 (Space) H M (Space) R Classification TIMER HIGH-SPEED TIMER TOTALIZING TIMER COUNTER REVERSIBLE COUNTER TC number range 0000 to 0511
Operand, SV (Response) In Operand, specify the name that indicates the SV classification. Specify the name in four characters. In SV, specify either the word address where the SV is stored or the constant SV.
6-5-23 STATUS READ MS

Reads the PC operating conditions. Command Format
x 101 x 100
: FCS
Node No.
Header code
Terminator
Response Format
x 101 x 100
x 161 x 160 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160 16 characters
: FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Status data
Message
Terminator
454
Host Link Commands

Parameters
Section
6-5
Status Data, Message (Response) Status data consists of four digits (two bytes) hexadecimal. The leftmost byte indicates CPU Unit operation mode, and the rightmost byte indicates the size of the program area.
x 163 x 162 12 11 10 9 8
Bit 15
14
13
0
Bit 1: Fatal error generated 9 0 1 1 8 0 0 1 PROGRAM mode RUN mode MONITOR mode This area is different from that of STATUS WRITE. Operation mode
1: FALS generated
x 161 Bit 7 6 5 4 3
x 160 2 1 0
0
Program area write-protection 0: Write-protected 1: Not write-protected (In CQM1H PCs, turn DIP switch pin 1 ON to write-protect the program area.)
Bit 6 0 0 0 1 5 0 0 1 0 4 0 1 0 0
Program area None 4 Kbytes 8 Kbytes 16 Kbytes
The Message parameter is a FAL/FALS number that exists when the command is executed. When there is no message, this parameter is omitted.
6-5-24 STATUS WRITE SC

Changes the PC operating mode. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 S C x 161 x 160 :
Node No.
Header code
Mode data
FCS
Terminator
Response Format
x 101 x 100
x 161 x 160
Node No.
Header code
End code
FCS
Terminator
455
Host Link Commands

Parameters
Section
6-5
Mode Data (Command) Mode data consists of two digits (one byte) hexadecimal. With the leftmost two bits, specify the PC operating mode. Set all of the remaining bits to 0.
x 161 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 x 160 2 1 0
0
Bit 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 PROGRAM mode MONITOR mode RUN mode Operation mode
This area is different from that of STATUS READ.
6-5-25 ERROR READ MF

Reads and clears errors in the PC. Also checks whether previous errors have been cleared. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 M F x 101 x 100 :
Node No.
Header code
Error clear
FCS
Terminator
Response Format
@ x 101 x 100 M F

x 161 x 160 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160 x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160 :
Node No.
Header code
End code
Error information (1st word)
Error information (2nd word)
FCS
Terminator
Parameters
Error Clear (Command) Specify 01 to clear errors and 00 to not clear errors (BCD). Fatal errors can be cleared only when the PC is in PROGRAM mode.
456
Host Link Commands

Error Information (Response) The error information comes in two words.
Section
6-5
1st word x 163 Bit 15 14 13 12 11 x 162 10 9 8 7 x 161 6 5 4 3 x 160 2 1 0
ON: Battery error (Error code F7) ON: Special I/O Unit error (error code D0) ON: System error (FAL) ON: Memory error (Error code F1) ON: I/O bus error (Error code C0) ON: No end instruction error (FALS) ON: System error (FAL) 2nd word x 163 Bit 15 14 13 12 11 x 162 10 9 8 7 x 161 6 5 4 3 x 160 2 1 0
FAL, FALS No. (01 to FF) ON: Cycle time overrun (Error code F8) ON: I/O Unit overflow (Error code E1)
6-5-26 FORCED SET KS

Force sets a bit in the IR, SR, LR, HR, AR, or TC area. Just one bit can be force set at a time. Once a bit has been forced set or reset, that status will be retained until a FORCED SET/RESET CANCEL (KC) command or the next FORCED SET/RESET command is transmitted. Command Format
x 101 x 100
OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 101 x 100
Node No.
Header code
Name
Word address
Bit
FCS
Terminator
Response Format
x 101 x 100
x 161 x 160
: FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
457
Host Link Commands

Parameters
Section
6-5
Name, Word address, Bit (Command) In Name, specify the area (i.e., IR, SR, LR, HR, AR, or TC) that is to be forced set. Specify the name in four characters. In Word address, specify the address of the word, and in Bit the number of the bit that is to be forced set.
Name Classification OP4 (Space) (Space) (Space) (Space) (Space) H M (Space) R IR or SR LR HR AR Completion Flag (timer) Completion Flag (high-speed timer) Completion Flag (totalizing timer) Completion Flag (counter) Completion Flag (reversible counter) Word address setting range 0000 to 0252 0000 to 0063 0000 to 0099 0000 to 0027 0000 to 0511 Bits 00 to 15 (decimal)
OP1 C L H A T T T C C
OP2 I R R R I I T N N
OP3 O (Space) (Space) (Space) M M I T T
Always 00
Note The area specified under Name must be in four characters. Add spaces after the data area name if it is shorter than four characters.
6-5-27 FORCED RESET KR

Force resets a bit in the IR, SR, LR, HR, AR, or TC area. Just one bit can be force reset at a time. Once a bit has been forced set or reset, that status will be retained until a FORCED SET/RESET CANCEL (KC) command or the next FORCED SET/RESET command is transmitted. Command Format
x 101 x 100
OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 x 101 x 100
Node No.
Header code
Name
Word address
Bit
FCS
Terminator
Response Format
x 101 x 100
x 161 x 160
: FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
Parameters
Name, Word address, Bit (Command) In Name, specify the area (i.e., IR, SR, LR, HR, AR, or TC) that is to be forced reset. Specify the name in four characters. In Word address, specify the address of the word, and in Bit, the number of the bit that is to be forced reset.
458
Host Link Commands

Name OP1 C L H A T T T C C OP2 I R R R I I T N N OP3 O (Space) (Space) (Space) M M I T T OP4 (Space) (Space) (Space) (Space) (Space) H M (Space) R Classification IR or SR LR HR AR Completion Flag (timer) Completion Flag (high-speed timer) Completion Flag (totalizing timer) Completion Flag (counter) Completion Flag (reversible counter)
Section
Word address setting range 0000 to 0252 0000 to 0063 0000 to 0099 0000 to 0027 0000 to 0511
6-5
Bits 00 to 15 (decimal)
Always 00
Note The area specified under Name must be in four characters. Add spaces after the data area name if it is shorter than four characters.
6-5-28 MULTIPLE FORCED SET/RESET FK

Force sets, force resets, or cancels the status of the bits in one word in the IR, SR, LR, HR, AR, or TC area. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 F K OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100
Node No.
Header code
Name
Word address :
Forced set/reset/cancel data x 160 x 160 x 160 x 160 x 160 x 160
x 160 x 160 FCS
Terminator
Bit
15
14
13
12
11
10
Response Format

@ x 101 x 100 F K x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
Parameters
Name, Word address (Command) In Name, specify the area (i.e., IR, SR, LR, HR, AR, or TC) that is to be forced set or reset. Specify the name in four characters. In Word address, specify the address of the word that is to be forced set or reset.
Name Classification OP4 (Space) (Space) (Space) (Space) (Space) H M (Space) R IR or SR LR HR AR Completion Flag (timer) Completion Flag (high-speed timer) Completion Flag (totalizing timer) Completion Flag (counter) Completion Flag (reversible counter) Word address setting range 0000 to 0252 0000 to 0063 0000 to 0099 0000 to 0027 0000 to 0511 Bits 00 to 15 OP3 O (Space) (Space) (Space) M M I T T
OP1 C L H A T T T C C
OP2 I R R R I I T N N
Always 15
459
Host Link Commands
Section
6-5
Forced set/Reset/Cancel data (Command) If a timer or counter completion flag is specified, only bit 15 is effective and all other bits will be ignored. Only force-setting and force-resetting are possible for timers/counters. If a word address is specified, the content of the word specifies the desired process for each bit in the specified word, as shown in the following table.
BCD setting 0 2 3 4 5 8 Reset Set Forced-reset Forced-set Forced set/reset status cancel Process No action (bit status not changed)
The bits that are merely set or reset may change status the next time the program is executed, but bits that are force-set or force-reset will maintain the forced status until it is cleared. Response Format An end code of 00 indicates normal completion.
x 101 x 100
x 161 x 160
: FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
6-5-29 FORCED SET/RESET CANCEL KC

Cancels all forced set and forced reset bits (including those set by FORCED SET, FORCED RESET, and MULTIPLE FORCED SET/RESET). If multiple bits are set, the forced status will be cancelled for all of them. It is not possible to cancel bits one by one using KC. Command Format
x 101 x 100
: FCS
Node No.
Header code
Terminator
Response Format
x 101 x 100
x 161 x 160
: FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
460
Host Link Commands
Section
6-5
6-5-30 PC MODEL READ MM

Reads the model type of the PC. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 M M : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Terminator
Response Format

@ x 101 x 100 M M x 161 x 160 x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Model code
Terminator
Parameters
Model Code Model code indicates the PC model in two digits hexadecimal.
Model code 01 02 03 0E 10 11 12 20 21 22 40 41 42 C250 C500 C120 C2000 C1000H CQM1H/C2000H/CQM1/CPM1/CPM1A/CPM2A/CPM2C/SRM1 C20H/C28H/C40H/C200H/C200HS CV500 CV1000 CV2000 CVM1-CPU01-E CVM1-CPU11-E CVM1-CPU21-E Model
6-5-31 TEST TS
Returns, unaltered, one block of data transmitted from the host computer. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 T S 122 characters max. : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Characters
Terminator
Response Format

@ x 101 x 100 T S 122 characters max. : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Characters
Terminator
Parameters
Characters (Command, Response) For the command, this setting specifies any characters other than the carriage
461
Host Link Commands
Section
6-5
return (CHR$(13)). For the response, the same characters as specified by the command will be returned unaltered if the test is successful.
6-5-32 PROGRAM READ RP

Reads the contents of the PC users program area in machine language (object code). The contents are read as a block, from the beginning to the end. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 R P : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Terminator
Response Format

@ x 101 x 100 R P x 161 x 160 x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
1 byte Program (for entire UM area)
Terminator
Parameters
Program (Response) The program is read from the entire program area. Note To stop this operation in progress, execute the ABORT (XZ) command.
6-5-33 PROGRAM WRITE WP

Writes to the PC users program area the machine language (object code) program transmitted from the host computer. The contents are written as a block, from the beginning. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 W P x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
1 byte
Terminator
Program (Up to maximum memory size)
Response Format

@ x 101 x 100 W P x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
End code
Terminator
Parameters
Program (Command) Program data up to the maximum memory size.
6-5-34 COMPOUND COMMAND QQ

Registers at the PC all of the bits, words, and timers/counters that are to be read, and reads the status of all of them as a batch.
Registering Read Information

Register the information on all of the bits, words, and timers/counters that are to be read.
462
Host Link Commands

Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 Q Q M R OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 OP1 OP2
Section
6-5
,
Data break
Node No.
Header code
Sub-header code
Read area
Read word address
Data format
Single read information Total read information (128 max.)
,
Data break
OP1 OP2 OP3 OP4 x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 OP1 OP2
: FCS
Read area
Read word address
Data format
Terminator
Single read information Total read information (128 max.)
Response Format

@ x 101 x 100 Q Q M R x 161 x 160 : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Sub-header End code code
Terminator
Parameters
Read Area (Command) Specify in four-character code the area that is to be read. The codes that can be specified are listed in the following table. Read Word address, Data Format (Command) Depending on the area and type of data that are to be read, the information to be read is as shown in the following table. The read data is specified in four digits BCD, and the data format is specified in two digits BCD.
Read data Bit Word Bit Word Bit Word Bit Bit Completion Flag PV Completion Flag PV Completion Flag PV Completion Flag PV Completion Flag PV Word Word in current bank Word in specified bank Read area C I O (S) L R (S) (S) H R (S) (S) A R (S) (S) T I M (S) TIMH TTIM C N T (S) CNTR D M (S) (S) E M (S) (S) E M 00 Read word Data format 0000 to 0255 00 to 15 (decimal) CH 0000 to 0063 00 to 15 (decimal) CH 0000 to 0099 00 to 15 (decimal) CH 0000 to 0027 00 to 15 (decimal) CH 0000 to 0511 2 characters other than CH CH 0000 to 0511 2 characters other than CH CH 0000 to 0511 2 characters other than CH CH 0000 to 0511 2 characters other than CH CH 0000 to 0511 2 characters other than CH CH 0000 to 6655 Any 2 characters 0000 to 6143 Any 2 characters
Area IR or SR LR HR AR Timer High-speed timer Totalizing timer Counter Reversible counter DM EM
463
Host Link Commands
Section
6-5
(S): Space Data Break (Command) The read information is specified one item at a time separated by a break code (,). The maximum number of items that can be specified is 128. (When the PV of a timer/counter is specified, however, the status of the Completion Flag is also returned, and must therefore be counted as two items.)
Batch Reading
The bit, word, and timer/counter status is read as a batch according to the read information that was registered with QQ. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 Q Q I R : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Sub-header code
Terminator
Response Format
@ x 101 x 100 Q Q

I R x 161 x 160 ON/ x 103 x 102 x 101 x 100 OFF Timer/counter If PV is specified the status of the Completion Flag is also returned. , Data break
Node No.
Header code
Sub-header End code code
ON/ OFF
x 163 x 162 x 161 x 160
: FCS
Bit data ON/OFF
Word data IR, SR, LR, HR, AR, DM, EM
Terminator
Parameters
Read Data (Response) Read data is returned according to the data format and the order in which read information was registered using QQ. If Completion Flag has been specified, then bit data (ON or OFF) is returned. If Word has been specified, then word data is returned. If PV has been specified for timers/counters, however, then the PV is returned following the Completion Flag. Data Break (Response) The break code (, ) is returned between sections that are read.
6-5-35 ABORT XZ
Aborts the Host Link operation that is currently being processed, and then enables reception of the next command. The ABORT command does not receive a response. Command Format
@ x 101 x 100 X Z : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Terminator
6-5-36 INITIALIZE ::
Initializes the transmission control procedure of all the PCs connected to the host computer. The INITIALIZE command does not use node numbers or FCS, and does not receive a response.
464
Host Link Commands

Command Format
@ : :
Section
6-5
6-5-37 TXD RESPONSE EX

This is the response format used when the PCs TXD() instruction is executed in Host Link mode. (TXD() converts the specified data into ASCII code and transmits it to the host computer with this format.) Response Format
@ x 101 x 100 E X Data specified in TXD() FCS
Node No.
Header code
Characters (122 max.)
Terminator
Parameters
Characters (Response) The frame can contain up to 122 characters. TXD(48) does not support multiple frames. There are no end codes with this command.
End Codes
6-5-38 Undefined Command IC

This response is returned if the header code of a command cannot be decoded. Check the header code. Response Format
@ x 101 x 100 I C : FCS
Node No.
Header code
Terminator
465
SECTION 7 CPU Unit Operation and Processing Time

This section explains the internal processing of the CQM1H CPU Unit, and the time required for processing and execution. Refer to this section to gain an understanding of the precise timing of CQM1H operation. 7-1 7-2 CPU Unit Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Power Interruptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2-1 Operation at Power Interruption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2-2 Startup Operation after a Power Interruption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cycle Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-2 Instruction Execution Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-3 I/O Response Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-4 One-to-one Link I/O Response Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3-5 Interrupt Processing Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468 469 469 470 472 472 473 485 486 488
7-3
467
CPU Unit Operation
Section
7-1
7-1
CPU Unit Operation

The overall flow of CQM1H operation is as shown in the following flowchart. The time required to execute one cycle of CPU Unit operation is called the cycle time.
Power application Is DIP switch pin 2 ON? ON Transfer contents of Memory Cassette to CPU Unit. Clear IR, SR, AR areas; preset timers; and check I/O Units, Inner Boards and Communications Units Check hardware and Program Memory. No Check OK? Yes Service Inner Boards with control functions. (See note 1.) ALARM (flashing) Preset cycle time monitoring time. Execute users program. ERROR (lit) End of program? Yes Check cycle time setting. Minimum cycle time? Yes Wait until minimum cycle time expires. Compute cycle time. Refresh input bits and output terminals. Service RS-232C port. Service peripheral port. Service Inner Boards with communications functions (See note 2.) Service Communications Unit. I/O refreshing Service RS232C interface. Service peripheral port. Service Inner Boards (communications) Service Communications Unit No Cycle time processing No OFF
Operation Flowchart
Initialization
Set error flags and activate indicators. ERROR or ALARM?
Overseeing processes
Program execution
Cycle time
Note
1. Servicing Inner Boards with control functions involves transferring data between the CPU Unit and High-speed Counter, Pulse I/O, Absolute Encoder Interface, Analog Setting, and Analog I/O Boards. 2. Servicing Inner Boards with communications functions involves transferring data between the CPU Unit and the Serial Communications Boards.
468
Power Interruptions
I/O Refresh Methods
Section
7-2
CQM1H I/O refresh operations are broadly divided into two categories. The first of these, input refresh, involves reading the ON/OFF status of input points to the input bits. The second, output refresh, involves writing the ON/OFF status after program execution to the output points. The CQM1H I/O refresh methods are as shown in the following table.
Function Input refresh is executed at a set time once per cycle. Input refresh is executed before execution of the interrupt routine whenever an input interrupt, interval timer interrupt, or high-speed counter interrupt occurs. (The cyclic refresh is also executed.) Output refresh is executed at a set time once per cycle. When there is an output from the users program, that output point is immediately refreshed. (The cyclic refresh is also executed.)
Input/Output Input
I/O refresh method Cyclic refresh Interrupt input refresh
Output
Cyclic refresh Direct refresh
The default settings for I/O refreshing are as follows: Inputs: Only cyclic refresh executed. Outputs: Only cyclic refresh executed. Cyclic refreshing must be executed for both inputs and outputs. Input refreshing at interrupts can be enabled by setting the input refresh range in the PC Setup (DM 6630 to DM 6638). Direct refreshing can be enabled using the setting in DM 6639 of the PC Setup. In addition to the methods described above, it is also possible to execute I/O refreshes from the ladder program by means of IORF(97).
7-2
Power Interruptions
7-2-1 Operation at Power Interruption

The following processing is performed if CPU Unit power is interrupted. The following processing will be performed if the power supply falls below 85% of the rated voltage while the CPU Unit is in RUN or MONITOR mode. 1, 2, 3... 1. The CPU Unit will stop. 2. Outputs from all Output Units will be turned OFF. Note All outputs will turn OFF regardless of the status of the I/O Hold Bit or the setting of the I/O Hold Bit Status setting in the PC Setup. 85% of the Rated Voltage: AC power: 85 V for a 100-V AC system and 170 V for a 200-V AC system DC power: 19.2 V DC The following processing will be performed for a momentary power interruption. 1, 2, 3... 1. The system will continue to run unconditionally if the power interruption (i.e., the period during which the voltage is less than 85% of the rated voltage) lasts less than 10 ms for AC power supply, or 5 ms for DC power supply. 2. A power interruption may or may not be detected for a power interruption that lasts more than 10 ms but less than 25 ms for AC power supply, or more than 5 ms but less than 25 ms for DC power supply, i.e., the system may continue or it may stop.
469
Power Interruptions
Section
7-2
3. The system will stop unconditionally if the power interruption lasts more than 25 ms for either AC or DC power supply.
85% of the rated voltage or less AC: 10 ms DC: 5 ms AC: 0 to 10 ms DC: 0 to 5 ms Power interruption not detected; operation continues. Power supply voltage AC: 10 to 25 ms DC: 5 to 25 ms 25 ms
Time
Power supply voltage
Power supply voltage
Operation will continue or stop depending on whether or not the power interruption is detected.
25 ms and longer
Power interruption detected and operation stops. Operation always stopped at this point regardless. 85% of rated voltage
Power OFF detected
Power OFF detected signal
Power OFF Detection Time AC: 5 to 10 ms DC: 10 to 25 ms
5-V internal power supply
Program execution
Executed
Stopped
CPU reset signal
7-2-2 Startup Operation after a Power Interruption

CPU Unit will operate in the following way when power is supplied after a power interruption. The time required for operation to resume after the power supply is restored will depend on the power supply voltage, configuration, ambient temperature, program contents, and other conditions. The CPU Unit will start operating in RUN or MONITOR mode in any one of the following cases:
470
Power Interruptions
Section
7-2
DM 6600 (Startup Mode) is at the default setting, nothing is connected to the peripheral port, and pin 7 on the DIP switch on the CPU Unit is ON. DM 6600 (Startup Mode) is set to 0202 Hex (RUN mode) or 0201 Hex (MONITOR mode). The Programming Console is connected and its mode selector is set to RUN or MONITOR mode. (DM 6600 must be at the default setting.) The operation at that time will be as follows (refer to the CQM1H Operation Manual for details on the operating mode at startup): When the (AC or DC) power supply is restored (i.e., becomes more than 85% of the rated voltage), the CPU Unit will start operating approx. 500 ms after the 5-V internal power supply has been restored. The following timing chart illustrated this.
85% of rated voltage
Power OFF detected signal
5-V internal power supply
CPU reset signal Program execution status
Approx. 500 ms Stopped Executed
471
Cycle Time
Section
7-3
7-3
Cycle Time
The processes involved in a single execution cycle are shown in the following table, and their respective processing times are explained.
Process Content Setting cycle watchdog timer, I/O bus check, UM check, refreshing clock, refreshing bits in SR and AR areas, servicing Inner Boards with control functions (CQM1H-CPU61 only. See note 1.) etc. Time requirements 0.7 ms (0.1 ms when a Memory Cassette equipped with a clock is mounted) Add an additional 0.1 ms for each Inner Board (not including a Serial Communications Board). If there are no Inner Boards, no additional time is required. Total time for executing instructions. (Varies according to content of users program.) Almost instantaneous, except for standby processing. Number of input words 0.01 ms Number of output words 0.005 ms 5% or less of cycle time (see note 3) 5% or less of cycle time (see note 3) 0.4 ms + processing time per port The processing time per port is the minimum of 0.256 or 0.05 cycle time calculated above. If there is no Serial Communications Board mounted, this time will be 0 ms.
7-3-1 Overview
Overseeing
Program execution
User program is executed.
Cycle time calculation
Standby until set time, when minimum cycle time is set in DM 6619 of PC Setup. Calculation of cycle time. Input Units input information is read to input bits. Output information (results of executing program) is written to Output Units output bits. Devices connected to RS-232C port serviced. (Except for CQM1H-CPU11.) Devices connected to peripheral port serviced. When a Serial Communications Board is mounted, commands from the Board are processed. (CQM1H-CPU51/61 only.)
I/O refresh
RS-232C port servicing Peripheral port servicing Inner Board with communications functions servicing (See note 2.)
Communications Unit servicing
When a Controller Link Unit is mounted, commands from the Board are processed. (CQM1HCPU51/61 only.)
For the CQM1H-CLK21, 4 ms max. If a Communications Unit is not connected, this time will be 0 ms.
Note
1. Servicing Inner Boards with control functions involves transferring data between the CPU Unit and High-speed Counter, Pulse I/O, Absolute Encoder Interface, Analog Setting, and Analog I/O Boards. 2. Servicing Inner Boards with communications functions involves transferring data between the CPU Unit and a Serial Communications Board. 3. The percentages can be changed in the PC Setup (DM 6616: Servicing time for RS-232C port, DM 6617: Servicing time for peripheral port). When the RS-232C port, peripheral port, or Serial Communications Board port 1 or 2 is used, the time will be 0.256 min. per port. The effects of the cycle time on CPU Unit operation are as shown below.
Operation conditions
Cycle Time and Operation

Cycle time 10 ms or longer 20 ms or longer 100 ms or longer
TIMH(15) may be inaccurate when TC 016 through TC 511 are used (operation will be normal for TC 000 through TC 015) (see note 1). Programming using the 0.02-second Clock Bit (SR 25401) may be inaccurate. Programming using the 0.1-second Clock Bit (SR 25500) may be inaccurate. A CYCLE TIME OVER error is generated (SR 25309 will turn ON) (see note 2). The TIMER (TIM) and TOTALIZING TIMER (TTIM) instructions may not be accurate. The FALS 9F monitoring time SV is exceeded. A system error (FALS 9F) is generated, and operation stops (see note 3). Programming using the 0.2-second Clock Bit (SR 25501) may be inaccurate.
120 ms or longer 200 ms or longer
Note
1. The number of timers to undergo interrupt processing can be set in DM 6629 of the PC Setup. The default setting is for TC 000 through TC 015.
472
Cycle Time
Section
7-3
2. The PC Setup (DM 6655) can be used to disable detection of CYCLE TIME OVER error. 3. The FALS 9F cycle monitoring time can be changed by means of the PC Setup (DM 6618). Cycle Time Example In this example, the cycle time is calculated for a CQM1H with 80 I/O points. The I/O is configured as follows: DC inputs: 48 points (3 words) Bit outputs: 32 points (2 words) The rest of the operating conditions are assumed to be as follows: Users program: 2,000 instructions (consisting of LD and OUT instructions) Inner Boards: Serial Communications Board and High-speed Counter Board Communications Units: No Controller Link Unit Clock: None RS-232C port: Used Cycle time: Variable (no minimum set) Note The average processing time for a single instruction in the users program is assumed to be 0.625 s. The cycle times are as shown in the following table.
Process Overseeing Program execution Cycle time calculation I/O refresh RS-232C port servicing Peripheral port servicing Serial Communications Board servicing Communications Unit servicing Cycle time Minimum time 0.4 + 0.26 (ms) 0 ms (1) + (2) + (3) + (4) + (5) + (6) Fixed 0.625 2000 (s) Negligible 0.01 3 + 0.005 2 (s) Calculation method Time with peripheral device 0.8 ms 1.25 ms 0 ms 0.04 ms 0 ms 0.34 ms 0.66 ms 0 ms 3.27 ms Time without peripheral device 0.8 ms 1.25 ms 0 ms 0.04 ms 0 ms 0 ms 0.66 ms 0 ms 3.01 ms
Note
1. The cycle time can be automatically read from the PC via a Peripheral Device. 2. The maximum and current cycle time are stored in AR 26 and AR 27. 3. The cycle time can vary with actual operating conditions and will not necessarily agree precisely with the calculated value. 4. The RS-232C and peripheral port service time will be 0.256 ms minimum, 65.536 ms maximum.
7-3-2 Instruction Execution Times

The following table lists the execution times for CQM1H instructions. The maximum and minimum execution times and the conditions which cause them are given where relevant. When word is referred to in the Conditions column, it implies the content of any word except for indirectly addressed DM words. Indirectly addressed DM words, which create longer execution times when used, are indicated by :DM. Execution times for most instructions depend on whether they are executed with an ON or an OFF execution condition. Exceptions are the ladder diagram instructions OUT and OUT NOT, which require the same time regardless of the execution condition. The OFF execution time for an instruction can also vary de-
473
Cycle Time
Section
7-3
pending on the circumstances, i.e., whether it is in an interlocked program section and the execution condition for IL is OFF, whether it is between JMP(04) and JME(05) and the execution condition for JMP(04) is OFF, or whether it is reset by an OFF execution condition. RSET, IL, and JMP are used to indicate these three times. Basic Instructions
Code ----------------------------Mnemonic LD LD NOT AND AND NOT OR OR NOT AND LD OR LD OUT OUT NOT SET RSET TIM CNT ON execution time (s) 0.375 Any Conditions (Top: min.; bottom: max.) OFF execution time (s) RSET ----IL JMP
0.563
Without direct outputs or for operands other than IR 10000 to IR 11515 when direct outputs are used. Direct outputs Constant for SV :DM for SV Constant for SV :DM for SV
---
0.938 1.125 1.125
--1.125 40.8 1.125 38.7 1.125 1.125 1.125 1.125 1.125 1.125 1.125 1.125
Code 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 Mnemonic NOP END IL ILC JMP JME FAL FALS STEP SNXT SFT ON execution time (s) 0.375 28.0 9.3 8.5 13.8 8.3 42.6 3.0 43.7 18.8 33.2 58.3 311.4 0.563 Conditions (Top: min.; bottom: max.) Any OFF execution time (s) ----8.2 8.5 8.9 8.3 1.125 1.125 1.125 1.125 Reset 32.4 52.0 241.0 ---
11
KEEP
With 1-word shift register With 10-word shift register With 100-word shift register Without direct outputs or for operands other than IR 10000 to IR 11515 when direct outputs are used. Direct outputs using IR 10000 to IR 11515 Constant for SV :DM for SV Any Any
IL 11.5 11.5 11.5
JMP 11.5 11.5 11.5
0.938 12 CNTR 39.8 59.7 16.2 15.6
Reset 25.0 Normal 15.8 Normal 15.6
IL 15.5 IL 15.5 IL 15.5
JMP 15.5 JMP 13.4 JMP 13.3
13 14
DIFU DIFD
474
Cycle Time
Code 15 Mnemonic TIMH 27.4 27.4 16 WSFT 33.6 57.8 1.7 ms 9.8 ms 20.1 22.2 58.0 17.7 19.8 54.6 17.8 19.9 54.5 37.8 72.0 35.8 70.0 18.0 34.4 18.0 34.4 18.6 35.0 18.6 35.0 19.5 36.3 37.5 39.9 91.6 37.5 39.8 91.6 55.3 57.8 108.4 54.2 56.6 107.3 31.5 33.9 85.6 31.5 33.9 85.6 Constant for SV :DM for SV With 1-word shift register With 10-word shift register With 1,024-word shift register using :DM With 6,144-word shift register using :DM When comparing a constant to a word When comparing two words When comparing two :DM When transferring a constant to a word When moving from one word to another When transferring :DM to :DM When transferring a constant to a word When moving from one word to another When transferring :DM to :DM When converting a word to a word When converting :DM to :DM When converting a word to a word When converting :DM to :DM When shifting a word When shifting :DM When shifting a word When shifting :DM When rotating a word When rotating :DM When rotating a word When rotating :DM When inverting a word When inverting :DM Constant + word word Word + word word :DM + :DM :DM Constant word word Word word word :DM :DM :DM Constant word word Word word word :DM :DM :DM Word constant word word word word :DM :DM :DM Constant word word Word word word :DM :DM :DM 1.875 Constant V word word Word V word word :DM V :DM :DM 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.125 1.125 1.125 1.125 1.125 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 ON execution time (s) Conditions (Top: min.; bottom: max.)
Section
7-3
OFF execution time (s) Reset 41.2 60.6 1.5 IL 40.0 59.4 JMP 20.8 20.8
20
CMP
21
MOV
22
MVN
23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
BIN BCD ASL ASR ROL ROR COM ADD
31
SUB
32
MUL
33
DIV
34
ANDW
35
ORW
475
Cycle Time
Code 36 Mnemonic XORW ON execution time (s) 31.5 33.9 85.6 31.5 33.9 85.6 20.9 37.6 21.3 38.1 9.0 9.0 21.6 18.5 36.3 40.1 42.5 94.2 40.1 42.5 94.2 34.3 36.7 87.3 35.1 37.5 88.1 44.5 96.7 44.5 96.7 153.4 203.4 154.5 204.5 57.0 90.5 45.7 79.2 54.7 57.1 2.2 ms 12.5 ms 34.2 58.5 1.47 ms 8.22 ms 48.0 83.1 Conditions (Top: min.; bottom: max.) Constant V word word Word V word word :DM V :DM :DM Constant V word word Word V word word :DM V :DM :DM When incrementing a word When incrementing :DM When decrementing a word When decrementing :DM Any
Section
7-3
OFF execution time (s) 1.875
37
XNRW
1.875
38 39 40 41 45 46 50
INC DEC STC CLC TRSM MSG ADB
1.125 1.125 0.75 0.75 0.75 1.125 1.875
With message in words With message in :DM Constant + word word Word + word word :DM + :DM :DM Constant word word Word word word :DM :DM :DM Constant word word Word word word :DM :DM :DM Word constant word Word word word :DM :DM :DM Word + word word :DM + :DM :DM Word word word :DM :DM :DM Word word word :DM :DM :DM Word word word :DM :DM :DM Word word :DM :DM Word word :DM :DM When transferring a constant to a word When transferring a word to a word When transferring 1,024 words using :DM When transferring 6,144 words using :DM When setting a constant to 1 word When setting word constant to 10 words When setting :DM to 1,024 words When setting :DM to 6,144 words Word calculation word :DM calculation :DM
51
SBB
1.875
52
MLB
1.875
53
DVB
1.875
54 55 56 57 58 59 70
ADDL SUBL MULL DIVL BINL BCDL XFER
1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.5 1.5 1.875
71
BSET
1.875
72
ROOT
1.5
476
Cycle Time
Code 73 74 Mnemonic XCHG SLD ON execution time (s) 30.7 64.2 30.9 76.5 4.12 ms 24.44 ms 30.9 76.5 4.12 ms 24.44 ms 44.4 102.3 33.9 90.5 45.5 103.9 49.5 52.0 108.3 75.8 78.3 133.4 48.9 51.3 105.1 45.9 48.3 103.2 45.3 47.7 102.6 82 MOVB 34.8 41.2 93.9 30.6 36.9 89.6 43.1 73.8 1.7 ms 9.68 ms 71.9 74.1 126.8 46.9 108.3 Conditions (Top: min.; bottom: max.) Word word :DM :DM Shifting 1 word Shifting 10 word Shifting 1024 words using :DM Shifting 6144 words using :DM Shifting 1 word Shifting 10 word Shifting 1,024 words using :DM Shifting 6,144 words using :DM When decoding word to word When decoding :DM to :DM When encoding word to word When encoding :DM to :DM When decoding word to word When decoding :DM to :DM When setting a constant to a word + a word When setting a word to a word + a word When setting :DM to :DM +:DM When setting a constant to a stack When setting a word to a stack When setting :DM to a stack via :DM When setting a constant + a word to a word When setting a word + a word to a word When setting :DM + :DM to :DM When setting a word + constant to FIFO stack When setting a word + word to FIFO stack When setting a :DM + :DM to FIFO stack via :DM When setting a word + constant to LIFO stack When setting a word + word to LIFO stack When setting a :DM + :DM to LIFO stack via :DM When moving constant to word When moving word to word When moving :DM to :DM When moving constant to word When moving word to word When moving :DM to :DM Shifting 1 word Shifting 10 word Shifting 1,024 words using :DM Shifting 6,144 words using :DM Comparing constant to word-set table Comparing word to word-set table Comparing :DM to :DM-set table Word word :DM :DM 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.5 1.5
Section
7-3
75
SRD
76 77 78 80
MLPX DMPX SDEC DIST
81
COLL
83
MOVD
84
SFTR
85
TCMP
86
ASC
477
Cycle Time
Code 90 91 92 93 97 Mnemonic SEND SBS SBN RET IORF ON execution time (s) 65.6 121.4 31.1 --29.3 29.1 35.0 39.0 93.3 78.4 132.4 105.2 141.1 Conditions (Top: min.; bottom: max.) Word :DM Any
Section
7-3
OFF execution time (s) 1.875 1.125 --1.125 1.5
98 99
RECV MCRO
Refreshing IR 000 Refreshing one input word Refreshing one output word Refreshing 8 I/O words Word :DM With word-set I/O operands With :DM-set I/O operands
1.875 1.875
Code 17 Mnemonic ASFT ON execution time (s) 47.1 72.6 1.85 ms 12.3 ms 60.9 99.0 93.0 146.5 92.4 635.5 78.9 624.3 64.7 106.4 38.2 75.8 Conditions Shifting a word Shifting 10 words Shifting 1,024 words via :DM Shifting 6,144 words via :DM Word word :DM to :DM Comparing words Comparing :DM Inputting 1 byte via word Inputting 256 bytes via :DM Outputting 1 byte via word (RS-232C) Outputting 256 bytes via :DM (RS-232C) Outputting 1 byte via word (host link) Outputting 256 bytes via :DM (host link) Comparing words Comparing :DM 1.875 OFF execution time (s) 1.875
18 19 47 48
TKY MCMP RXD TXD
1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875
60
CMPL
478
Cycle Time
Code 61 Mnemonic INI ON execution Conditions time (s) Built-in High-speed counter 0 or pulse output from an output bit: 81.6 Starting comparison via word 103.0 Starting comparison via :DM 64.9 Stopping comparison via word 74.7 Stopping comparison via :DM 147.3 Changing PV via word 164.0 Changing PV via :DM 50.8 Stopping pulse output via word 72.2 Stopping pulse output via :DM High-speed counters 1 to 4 on High-speed Counter Board: 94.0 Starting comparison via word 112.0 Starting comparison via :DM 94.0 Stopping comparison via word 112.0 Stopping comparison via :DM 136.0 Changing PV via word 154.0 Changing PV via :DM High-speed counters 1 and 2 or pulse output from ports 1 and 2 on Pulse I/O Board: 267.2 Starting comparison via word 291.9 Starting comparison via :DM 186.6 Stopping comparison via word 209.6 Stopping comparison via :DM 421.5 Changing PV via word 439.1 Changing PV via :DM 223.9 Stopping pulse output via word 242.9 Stopping pulse output via :DM High-speed counters 1 and 2 on Absolute Encoder Interface Board: 266.7 Starting comparison via word 285.1 Starting comparison via :DM 182.1 Stopping comparison via word 203.7 Stopping comparison via :DM
Section
7-3
479
Cycle Time
Code 62 Mnemonic PRV ON execution Conditions time (s) Built-in High-speed counter 0 or pulse output from an output bit: 82.4 Designating output via word 105.7 Designating output via :DM High-speed counters 1 to 4 on High-speed Counter Board: 115.0 Designating output via word (reading status) 132.0 Designating output via :DM (reading status) 124.0 Designating output via word (reading PV) 142.0 Designating output via :DM (reading PV) High-speed counters 1 and 2 or pulse output from ports 1 and 2 on Pulse I/O Board: 206.4 Designating output via word (reading status) 224.4 Designating output via :DM (reading status) 206.9 Designating output via word (reading range comparison results) 230.7 Designating output via :DM (reading range comparison results) High-speed counters 1 and 2 on Absolute Encoder Interface Board: 203.7 Designating output via word (reading status) 228.0 Designating output via :DM (reading status) 205.0 Designating output via word (reading range comparison results) 228.0 Designating output via :DM (reading range comparison results)
Section
7-3
63
CTBL
Built-in high-speed counter 0 or pulse output from an output bit: 189.3 Target table with 1 target in words and start 210.5 Target table with 1 target in :DM and start 1.18 ms Target table with 16 targets in words and start 1.20 ms Target table with 16 targets in :DM and start 1.13 ms Range table in words and start 1.14 ms Range table in :DM and start 153.8 Target table with 1 target in words 174.9 Target table with 1 target in :DM 1.14 ms Target table with 16 targets in words 1.18 ms Target table with 16 targets in :DM 981.0 Range table in words 999.0 Range table in :DM High-speed counters 1 to 4 on High-speed Counter Board: 152.0 Target table with 1 target in words and start 168.0 Target table with 1 target in :DM and start 1.05 ms Target table with 48 targets in words and start 1.07 ms Target table with 48 targets in :DM and start 718.0 Range table in words and start 735.0 Range table in :DM and start 152.0 Target table with 1 target in words 168.0 Target table with 1 target in :DM 1.05 ms Target table with 48 targets in words 1.07 ms Target table with 16/48 targets in :DM 718.0 Range table in words 735.0 Range table in :DM
1.875
480
Cycle Time
Code Mnemonic CTBL ON execution Conditions time (s) High-speed counters 1 and 2 or pulse output from ports 1 and 2 on Pulse I/O Board: 623.6 Target table with 1 target in words and start 649.3 Target table with 1 target in :DM and start 7.06/7.84 ms Target table with 16/48 targets in words and start 7.07 ms Target table with 16/48 targets in :DM and start 2.03 ms Range table in words and start 2.05 ms Range table in :DM and start 440.0 Target table with 1 target in words 466.1 Target table with 1 target in :DM 6.90 ms Target table with 16/48 targets in words 6.95 ms Target table with 16/48 targets in :DM 1.98 ms 1.99 ms 540.8 562.4 5.84 ms 5.92 ms 1.32 ms 1.35 ms 414.8 436.4 5.40 ms 5.42 ms 1.31 ms 1.33 ms 64 SPED Range table in words Range table in :DM Target table with 1 target in words and start Target table with 1 target in :DM and start Target table with 48 targets in words and start Target table with 48 targets in :DM and start Range table in words and start Range table in :DM and start Target table with 1 target in words Target table with 1 target in :DM Target table with 48 targets in words Target table with 48 targets in :DM Range table in words Range table in :DM
Section
7-3
High-speed counters 1 and 2 on Absolute Encoder Interface Board:
Pulse output from an output bit from CPU Unit: 106.6 Frequency specified by constant 110.9 Frequency specified by word 132.2 272.1 279.3 288.3 Frequency specified by :DM Frequency specified by constant Frequency specified by word Frequency specified by :DM Pulse output from ports 1 and 2 from Pulse I/O Board:
1.875
65
PULS
Pulse output from an output bit from CPU Unit: 98.1 Number of pulses specified by word 124.1 303.6 324.3 Number of pulses specified by :DM Number of pulses specified by word Number of pulses specified by :DM Word designation :DM designation Counting a word Counting 6,656 words via :DM Comparing constant, results to word Comparing word, results to word Comparing :DM, results to :DM Pulse output from ports 1 and 2 from Pulse I/O Board:
1.875
66 67 68
SCL BCNT BCMP
79.4 135.4 66.3 36.99 ms 105.0 107.3 146.1
1.875 1.875 1.875
481
Cycle Time
Code 69 Mnemonic STIM ON execution time (s) 27.6 55.4 28.0 55.8 49.8 85.2 26.5 26.7 52.8 52.8 66.9 69.9 69.9 82.8 56.1 56.4 79.2 77.7 78.0 98.7 59.1 77.0 69.1 87.9 39.8 60.6 37.5 54.9 38.1 54.0 48.6 66.1 20.7 20.7 21.4 21.4 413.2 435.5 297.3 320.7 306.3 325.5 197.8 316.5 ACOS ADBL 1.15 ms 1.18 ms 59.3 116.7 Conditions Word-set one-shot interrupt start :DM-set one-shot interrupt start Word-set scheduled interrupt start :DM-set scheduled interrupt start Word-set timer read :DM-set timer read Word-set timer stop :DM-set timer stop Word-set 4-digit CS output Word-set 4-digit RD output Word-set 4-digit data input :DM-set 4-digit CS output :DM-set 4-digit RD output :DM-set 4-digit data input Word-set 8-digit CS output Word-set 8-digit RD output Word-set 8-digit data input :DM-set 8-digit CS output :DM-set 8-digit RD output :DM-set 8-digit data input 4 digits, word designation 4 digits, :DM designation 8 digits, word designation 8 digits, :DM designation Set masks via word Set masks via :DM Clear interrupts via word Clear interrupts via :DM Read mask status via word Read mask status via :DM Change counter SV via word Change counter SV via :DM Mask all interrupts via word Mask all interrupts via :DM Clear all interrupts via word Clear all interrupts via :DM Mode 0: Words for control words Mode 0: :DM for control words Mode 1: Words for control words Mode 1: :DM for control words Mode 2: Words for control words Mode 2: :DM for control words Mode 3: Words for control words Mode 3: :DM for control words Word word :DM :DM Word + word word :DM + :DM :DM
Section
7-3
87
DSW
1.875
88
7SEG
1.875
89
INT
1.875
ACC
1.875
1.875 1.875
482
Cycle Time
Code Mnemonic APR ON execution time (s) 45.8 348.0 1.10 ms 1.13 ms 536.0 572.0 58.0 214.6 74.2 128.4 89.1 140.1 7660. 800.0 26.0 28.0 64.5 CPSL DBS 41.2 79.7 24.0 49.5 105.0 DBSL DEG EXP FCS FIX FIXL FLT FLTL FPD 67.5 123.0 105.2 140.0 1.08 ms 1.12 ms 57.9 1.75 ms 65.2 99.6 99.6 134.4 56.0 91.2 93.6 128.4 131.4 212.4 156.4 236.7 64.5 118.5 56.4 78.0 63.9 84.9 Conditions Computing sine Linear approximation with 256-item table via :DM designation Word word :DM :DM Word word :DM :DM One-cycle average for word 64-cycle average via :DM Word :DM Word word :DM :DM Word word :DM :DM Comparing a constant and word Comparing words Comparing :DM Comparing words Comparing :DM Constant word word Word word word :DM :DM :DM Word word word :DM :DM :DM Word word :DM :DM Word word :DM :DM Computing one word, results to word Computing 999 words via :DM, results to :DM Word word :DM :DM Word word :DM :DM Word word :DM :DM Word word :DM :DM Word designation, no message, execution :DM designation, message, execution Word designation, no message, initial :DM designation, message, initial Word word :DM to :DM Output word word Output :DM :DM Input word word Input :DM :DM
Section
7-3
ASIN ATAN AVG CMND COLM COS CPS
1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875
1.875 1.875
1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875
HEX HKY
1.875 1.875
483
Cycle Time
Code Mnemonic HMS LINE LOG MAX MBS ON execution time (s) 73.9 114.3 72.8 127.6 552.0 586.0 44.8 1.93 ms 46.2 48.6 104.0 MBSL MIN NEG 73.2 128.4 44.8 1.33 ms 33.7 36.1 72.3 NEGL PID 41.1 80.1 1.59 ms 1.73 ms 458.5 673.0 PLS2 PMCR 619.0 639.8 182.0 728.0 772.0 202.8 207.4 223.1 RAD SBBL SCL2 SCL3 SEC SIN SQRT 106.0 140.4 59.3 116.7 81.5 137.6 86.7 142.8 72.4 112.4 716.0 750.0 206.0 Conditions Word word :DM :DM Word word :DM :DM Word word :DM :DM Searching word, results to word Searching 999 words via :DM, results to :DM Constant word word Word word word :DM :DM :DM Word word word :DM :DM :DM Searching word, results to word Searching 999 words via :DM, results to :DM Converting a constant word Converting a word word Converting :DM :DM Converting a constant words Converting :DM :DM Word word (initial execution) :DM :DM (initial execution) Word word (when sampling) :DM :DM (when sampling) Words for control words :DM for control words Constant for port/sequence number, DM for I/O word :DM for port/sequence number, :DM for I/O word :DM for port/sequence number, :DM for I/O word Duty ratio specified by constant Duty ratio specified by word Duty ratio specified by :DM Word word :DM :DM Word word word :DM :DM :DM Word word conversion, words for parameter words :DM :DM conversion, :DM for parameter words Word word conversion, words for parameter words :DM :DM conversion, :DM for parameter words Word word :DM :DM Word word :DM :DM Word word :DM :DM
Section
7-3
OFF execution time (s) 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875
1.875 1.875 1.875
1.875 1.875
1.875 1.875
PWM
1.875
1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875
484
Cycle Time
Code Mnemonic SRCH ON execution time (s) 49.5 1.99 ms 11.34 ms 160.8 177.0 160.8 177.0 300.0 317.0 1.10 ms 1.14 ms 41.8 Conditions Searching word, results to word Searching 1,024 word via :DM, results to :DM Searching 6,144 word via :DM, results to :DM Built-in RS-232C port, word designation Built-in RS-232C port, :DM designation Peripheral port, word designation Peripheral port, :DM designation Serial Communications Board port 1 or 2, word designation Serial Communications Board port 1 or 2 port, :DM designation Word word :DM :DM Set value specified in word
Section
7-3
STUP
1.875
TAN TTIM
1.875 Reset: IL: JMP: Reset: IL: JMP: 1.875 1.875 40.0 39.4 21.0 59.4 60.1 34.0
63.2
Set value specified in :DM
SUM XFRB
57.4 5.15 ms 29.2 45.3 226.5
Adding one word, results to word Adding 999 words via :DM, results to :DM Transferring 1 bit between words with a constant for control data Transferring 1 bit between words with a word for control data Transferring 255 bits between :DM with :DM for control data Comparing a constant to a word range Comparing a word to a word range Comparing :DM to a :DM range Comparing words to a word range Comparing :DM to a :DM range Word + word word :DM + :DM :DM Word word word :DM :DM :DM Word x word word :DM x :DM :DM Word word word :DM :DM :DM
ZCP
31.4 36.3 88.7 61.0 116.3 110.4 162.4 122.0 173.8 120.0 172.0 135.6 187.0
1.875
ZCPL +F F : :F /F
1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875 1.875
7-3-3 I/O Response Time

The I/O response time is the time it takes after an input signal has been received (i.e., after an input bit has turned ON) for the PC to check and process the information and to output a control signal (i.e., to output the result of the processing to an output bit). The I/O response time varies according to the timing and processing conditions. The minimum and maximum I/O response times are shown here, using the following program as an example.
Output Input
485
Cycle Time
Section
7-3
The following conditions are taken as examples for calculating the I/O response times. Input ON delay: 8 ms Overseeing time: 1 ms Instruction execution time: 14 ms Output ON delay: 10 ms Position of output instruction: Beginning of program Communications ports: Not used. Note The input ON delay for DC Input Units can be set in the PC Setup. Minimum I/O Response Time The CQM1H responds most quickly when it receives an input signal just prior to the input refresh phase of the cycle, as shown in the illustration below.
Input point Input bit Cycle time CPU processing Instruction execution With direct output refresh Output ON delay Output point Instruction execution With cyclic output refresh I/O refresh Input ON delay Overseeing, etc.
When cyclic output refreshing is used: Minimum I/O response time = 8 + 15 + 10 = 33 ms When direct output refreshing is used: Minimum I/O response time = 8 + 1 + 10 = 19 ms Note Faster response times (100 s standard) can be achieved by using input interrupts and direct output refreshing. Maximum I/O Response Time The CQM1H takes longest to respond when it receives the input signal just after the input refresh phase of the cycle, as shown in the illustration below. In that case, a delay of approximately one cycle will occur.
Input point Input bit Cycle time CPU processing Instruction execution Instruction execution Instruction execution With cyclic output refresh I/O refresh Input ON delay Overseeing, etc.
With direct output refresh Output ON delay Output point
When cyclic output refreshing is used: Minimum I/O response time = 8 + 15 2 + 10 = 48 ms When direct output refreshing is used: Minimum I/O response time = 8 + 15 + 10 = 33 ms
7-3-4 One-to-one Link I/O Response Time

When two CQM1Hs are linked one-to-one, the I/O response time is the time required for an input executed at one of the CQM1Hs to be output to the other CQM1H by means of one-to-one link communications. One-to-one link communications are carried out reciprocally between the master and the slave. The respective transmission times are as shown below, depending on the number of LR words used.
486
Cycle Time
Number of words used 64 words (LR 00 to LR 63) 32 words (LR 00 to LR 31) 16 words (LR 00 to LR 15) 39 ms 20 ms 10 ms
Section
Transmission time
7-3
The minimum and maximum I/O response times are shown here, using as an example the following instructions executed at the master and the slave. In this example, communications proceed from the master to the slave.
Output (LR) Input Input (LR) Output
The following conditions are taken as examples for calculating the I/O response times. Input ON delay: 8 ms Master cycle time: 10 ms Slave cycle time: 15 ms Output ON delay: 10 ms Direct output: Not used. Number of LR words: 64 Note The input ON delay for DC Input Units can be set in the PC Setup. Minimum I/O Response Time The CQM1H responds most quickly under the following circumstances: 1, 2, 3... 1. The CQM1H receives an input signal just prior to the input refresh phase of the cycle. 2. The master to slave transmission begins immediately. 3. The slave executes communications servicing immediately after completion of communications.
I/O refresh Overseeing, communications, etc. Cycle time CPU processing Instruction execution One-to-one link communications Instruction execution Master to Slave Instruction execution Instruction execution Output ON delay Output point
Input point Master Input bit
Input ON delay
CPU processing Slave
The minimum I/O response time is as follows: Input ON delay: 8 ms Master cycle time: 10 ms Transmission time: 39 ms Slave cycle time: 15 ms + Output ON delay: 10 ms Minimum I/O response time: 82 ms
487
Cycle Time
Section
7-3
Maximum I/O Response Time The CQM1H takes the longest to respond under the following circumstances: 1, 2, 3... 1. The CQM1H receives an input signal just after the input refresh phase of the cycle. 2. The master to slave transmission does not begin on time. 3. Communications are completed just after the slave executes communications servicing.
I/O refresh Input ON delay Overseeing, communications, etc. Cycle time CPU processing Instruction execution Instruction execution Instruction execution
Input point Master Input bit
One-to-one link communications
Master to Slave
Slave to Master
Master to Slave
CPU processing Slave
Instruction execution
Instruction execution
Instruction execution Output ON delay
Output point
The maximum I/O response time is as follows: Input ON delay: 8 ms Master cycle time: 10 ms 2 Transmission time: 39 ms 3 Slave cycle time: 15 ms 2 + Output ON delay: 10 ms Maximum I/O response time: 185 ms
7-3-5 Interrupt Processing Time

This section explains the processing times involved from the time an interrupt is executed until the interrupt processing routine is called, and from the time an interrupt processing routine is completed until returning to the original position. The explanation applies to the following three types of interrupts: input interrupts, interval timer interrupts, and high-speed counter interrupts. Processing Time The table below shows the times involved from the generation of an interrupt signal until the interrupt processing routine is called, and from when the interrupt processing routine is completed until returning to the original position.
488
Cycle Time
Item Interrupt input ON delay Contents This is the delay time from the time the interrupt input bit turns ON until the time that the interrupt is executed. This is unrelated to other interrupts. (Interrupt condition realized.) (see note) Standby until completion of interrupt-mask processing Change-to-interrupt processing This is the time during which interrupts are waiting until processing has been completed. This situation occurs when a mask processes is executed. It is explained below in more detail. This is the time it takes to change processing to an interrupt. 50 s
Section
Time
7-3
See below.
Input interrupts, internal timer interrupts, or highspeed counter interrupts: 30 s Interrupts from Serial Communications Board: 55 s
Input refresh at time of interrupt This is the time required for input refresh when input refresh is set 10 s per word to be executed at the time the interrupt processing routine is called. (Set in PC Setup, DM 6630 to DM 6638.) (Interrupt processing routine executed) Return This is the time it takes, from execution of RET(93), to return to the processing that was interrupted. 30 s
Note
1. When high-speed counter 0 is used with a range comparison table, the timing of interrupt processing can be affected by the cycle time. 2. When high-speed counters 1 and 2 for Pulse I/O Boards or Absolute Encoder Interface Boards are used with range comparison tables (with CQM1H-51/61 CPU Units), the timing of interrupt processing can be delayed up to 1 ms. Mask Processing Interrupts are masked during processing of the operations described below. Until the processing is completed, any interrupts will remain masked for the indicated times. High-speed timers: The time shown below is required, depending on (a) the number of timers used with TIMH(15) and (b) the number of high-speed timers active at that time. (The number of high-speed timers is set in the PC Setup, DM 6629. The default setting is 16.) 0 Standby time 40 + 3 (a + b) s Up to 40 s can be required even when no high-speed timers are used. Generation and clearing of non-fatal errors: When a non-fatal error is generated and the error contents are registered at the CQM1H, or when an error is being cleared, interrupts will be masked for a maximum of 75 s until the processing has been completed. Online editing: Interrupts will be masked for a maximum of 250 ms when online editing is executed during operation. Pulse output based on SPED(64) may also be affected by interrupt processing, thus causing output timing to vary.
Example Calculation
This example shows the interrupt response time (i.e., the time from when the interrupt input turns ON until the start of the interrupt processing routine) when input interrupts are used under the conditions shown below.
489
Cycle Time
Section
7-3
Number of high-speed timers: 0 (No high-speed timers started) Online edit: Not used Input refresh at interrupt: No Minimum Response Time Interrupt input ON delay: 50 s Interrupt mask standby time: 0 s + Change-to-interrupt processing: 30 s Minimum response time: 80 s Maximum Response Time Interrupt input ON delay: 50 s Interrupt mask standby time: 40 s + Change-to-interrupt processing: 30 s Minimum response time: 120 s In addition to the response time shown above, the time required for executing the interrupt processing routine itself and a return time of 30 s must also be accounted for when returning to the process that was interrupted. Be sure to allow for interrupt processing time when using interrupts in the program. Outputs from interrupt routines can be output immediately if direct output is used. Direct output will be used for both the main program and the interrupt routines, and cannot be set separately.
490
SECTION 8 Troubleshooting
This section describes how to diagnose and correct the hardware and software errors that can occur during operation. 8-1 8-2 8-3 8-4 8-5 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programming Console Operation Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Programming Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . User-defined Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operating Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5-1 Non-fatal Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5-2 Fatal Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Error Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Troubleshooting Flowcharts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492 492 493 494 495 495 497 498 499
8-6 8-7
491
Programming Console Operation Errors
Section
8-2
8-1
Introduction
PC errors can be divided broadly into the following four categories: 1, 2, 3... 1. Program Input Errors These errors occur when inputting a program or attempting an operation used to prepare the PC for operation. 2. Programming Errors These errors will occur when the program is checked using the Program Check operation. 3. User-defined Errors There are instructions that the user can use to define errors or messages. The instructions will be executed when a particular condition (defined by the user) has occurred during operation. 4. Operating Errors These errors occur after program execution has been started. a) Non-fatal Operating Errors PC operation and program execution will continue after one or more of these errors have occurred. b) Fatal Operating Errors PC operation and program execution will stop and all outputs from the PC will be turned OFF when any of these errors have occurred. The PCs indicators will indicate when a PC error has occurred and an error message or code will be displayed on the Programming Console or host computer if one is connected. The error code is also contained in SR 25300 to SR 25307. For the most recent errors, both the type of error and time of occurrence will be recorded in the PCs error log area. Details are provided starting on page 498. There are flags and other information provided in the SR and AR areas that can be used in troubleshooting. Refer to Section 3 Memory Areas for lists of these.
Note In addition to the errors described above, communications errors can occur when the PC is part of a Host Link System. Refer to Section 6 Host Link Commands for details.
8-2
Programming Console Operation Errors

The following error messages may appear when performing operations on the Programming Console. Correct the error as indicated and continue with the operation. Refer to the Ladder Support Software Operation Manual, SYSMAC Support Software Operation Manual: C-series PCs, or Data Access Console Operation Manual for errors that may appear when operating the SSS or a Data Access Console.
Message REPL ROM Meaning and appropriate response An attempt was made to write to write-protected memory.
Set the write-protect switch (pin 1 of the CPU Units DIP switch) to OFF. PROG OVER The instruction at the last address in memory is not NOP(00). Erase all unnecessary instructions at the end of the program. ADDR OVER An address was set that is larger than the highest memory address in Program Memory. Input a smaller address. SET DATA FALS 00 has been input, and 00 cannot be input. Reinput the ERR data. I/O NO. ERR A data area address has been designated that exceeds the limit of the data area, e.g., an address is too large. Confirm the requirements for the instruction and re-enter the address.
492
Programming Errors
Section
8-3
8-3
Programming Errors
These errors in program syntax will be detected when the program is checked using the Program Check operation. Three levels of program checking are available. The desired level must be designated to indicate the type of errors that are to be detected. The following table provides the error types, displays, and explanations of all syntax errors. Check level 0 checks for type A, B, and C errors; check level 1, for type A and B errors; and check level 2, for type A errors only.
Level A Errors
Message ????? CIRCUIT ERR
Meaning and appropriate response The program has been damaged, creating a non-existent function code. Re-enter the program. The number of logic blocks and logic block instructions does not agree, i.e., either LD or LD NOT has been used to start a logic block whose execution condition has not been used by another instruction, or a logic block instruction has been used that does not have the required number of logic blocks. Check your program. A constant entered for the instruction is not within defined values. Change the constant so that it lies within the proper range. There is no END(01) in the program. Write END(01) at the final address in the program. An instruction is in the wrong place in the program. Check instruction requirements and correct the program. A JME(05) instruction is missing for a JMP(04) instruction. Correct the jump number or insert the proper JME(05) instruction. The same jump number or subroutine number has been used twice. Correct the program so that the same number is only used once for each. The SBS(91) instruction has been programmed for a subroutine number that does not exist. Correct the subroutine number or program the required subroutine. STEP(08) with a section number and STEP(08) without a section number have been used incorrectly. Check STEP(08) programming requirements and correct the program. Meaning and appropriate response IL(02) and ILC(03) are not used in pairs. Correct the program so that each IL(02) has a unique ILC(03). Although this error message will appear if more than one IL(02) is used with the same ILC(03), the program will be executed as written. Make sure your program is written as desired before proceeding. JMP(04) and JME(05) are not used in pairs. Make sure your program is written as desired before proceeding. If the displayed address is that of SBN(92), two different subroutines have been defined with the same subroutine number. Change one of the subroutine numbers or delete one of the subroutines. If the displayed address is that of RET(93), RET(93) has not been used properly. Check requirements for RET(93) and correct the program.
OPERAND ERR NO END INSTR LOCN ERR JME UNDEFD DUPL
SBN UNDEFD STEP ERR
Level B Errors
Message IL-ILC ERR
JMP-JME ERR SBN-RET ERR
493
User-defined Errors
Level C Errors
Message COIL DUPL
Section
Meaning and appropriate response
8-4
The same bit is being controlled (i.e., turned ON and/or OFF) by more than one instruction (e.g., OUT, OUT NOT, DIFU(13), DIFD(14), KEEP(11), SFT(10)). Although this is allowed for certain instructions, check instruction requirements to confirm that the program is correct or rewrite the program so that each bit is controlled by only one instruction. JME(05) has been used with no JMP(04) with the same jump number. Add a JMP(04) with the same number or delete the JME(05) that is not being used. A subroutine exists that is not called by SBS(91). Program a subroutine call in the proper place, or delete the subroutine if it is not required.
JMP UNDEFD SBS UNDEFD
! Caution
Expansion instructions (those assigned to function codes 17, 18, 19, 47, 48, 60 to 69, 87, 88, and 89) are not subject to program checks. Program checks also do not cover DM 3070 to DM 6143 for PCs that do not support this part of the DM area (e.g., CQM1H-CPU11 and CQM1H-CPU21). Data will not be written even if these areas are specified and data read from these areas will always be undefined.
8-4
User-defined Errors
There are four instructions that the user can use to define errors or messages. These instructions can be used to generate warnings (non-fatal errors where the ERR/ALM flashes) or errors (fatal errors where the ERR/ALM lights), and to display messages at the Programming Console.
MESSAGE MSG(46)
MSG(46) is used to display a message on the Programming Console. The message, which can be up to 16 characters long, is displayed when the instructions execution condition is ON. Refer to page 374 for details. FAL(06) is an instruction that causes a non-fatal error. Refer to page 225 for details. The following will occur when an FAL(06) instruction is executed: 1. The ERR/ALM indicator on the CPU Unit will flash. PC operation will continue. 2. The instructions 2-digit BCD FAL number (01 to 99) will be written to SR 25300 to SR 25307. 3. The FAL number will be recorded in the PCs error log area. The time of occurrence will also be recorded if a Memory Cassette with a clock (RTC) is used. The FAL numbers can be set arbitrarily to indicate particular conditions. The same number cannot be used as both an FAL number and an FALS number. To clear an FAL error, correct the cause of the error, execute FAL 00, and then clear the error using the Programming Console. Refer to page 225 for details.
FAILURE ALARM FAL(06) 1, 2, 3...
SEVERE FAILURE ALARM FALS(07) 1, 2, 3...
FALS(07) is an instruction that causes a fatal error. Refer to page 225 for details. The following will occur when an FALS(07) instruction is executed: 1. Program execution will be stopped and outputs will be turned OFF. 2. The ERR/ALM indicator on the CPU Unit will be lit. 3. The instructions 2-digit BCD FALS number (01 to 99) will be written to SR 25300 to SR 25307. 4. The FALS number will be recorded in the PCs error log area. The time of occurrence will also be recorded if a Memory Cassette with a clock (RTC) is used.
494
Operating Errors
Section
8-5
The FALS numbers can be set arbitrarily to indicate particular conditions. The same number cannot be used as both an FAL number and an FALS number. To clear an FALS error, switch the PC to PROGRAM Mode, correct the cause of the error, and then clear the error using the Programming Console. FAILURE POINT DETECT FPD() Non-fatal errors and error messages can also be generated using FPD(). Refer to page 380 for details.
8-5
Operating Errors
There are two kinds of operating errors, non-fatal and fatal. PC operation will continue after a non-fatal error occurs, but operation will be stopped if a fatal error occurs.
! Caution
Investigate all errors, whether fatal or not. Remove the cause of the error as soon as possible and restart the PC. Refer to the CQM1H Operation Manual for hardware information and Programming Console operations related to errors.
8-5-1 Non-fatal Errors

PC operation and program execution will continue after one or more of these errors have occurred. Although PC operation will continue, the cause of the error should be corrected and the error cleared as soon as possible. When one of these errors occurs, the POWER and RUN indicators will remain lit and the ERR/ALM indicator will flash.
! Caution
Although PC operation continues even when non-fatal errors are generated, investigate the cause of errors and take the appropriate action as soon as possible. After removing the cause of the error, either turn the PC OFF and ON again, or clear the error from a Programming Console. Refer to the CQM1H Operation Manual for Programming Console procedures.
Message SYS FAIL FAL** (see note)
FAL No. 01 to 99
Meaning and appropriate response An FAL(06) instruction has been executed in the program. Check the FAL number to determine conditions that would cause execution, correct the cause, and clear the error. An error has occurred during data transmission between the CPU Unit and Memory Cassette. Check the status of flags AR 1412 to AR 1415, and correct as directed. AR 1412 ON: Switch to PROGRAM Mode, clear the error, and transfer again. AR 1413 ON: The transfer destination is write-protected. If the PC is the destination, turn OFF the power to the PC, be sure that pin 1 of the CPU Units DIP switch is OFF, clear the error, and transfer again. If an EEPROM Memory Cassette is the destination, check whether the power supply is ON, clear the error, and transfer again. If an EPROM Memory Cassette is the destination, change to a writable Memory Cassette. AR 1414 ON: The destination has insufficient capacity. Check the sources program size in AR 15 and consider using a different CPU Unit or Memory Cassette. AR 1415 ON: There is no program in the Memory Cassette or the program contains errors. Check the Memory Cassette.
9D
495
Operating Errors
Message FAL No. 9C Meaning and appropriate response
Section
8-5
Check the contents (two digits BCD) of AR 0400 to AR 0407 (error codes for Inner Board inserted in slot 1) and correct as directed. 01, 02 Hex: An error has occurred in the hardware. Turn the power OFF, and then power up again. If the error persists, replace the Inner Board. 03 Hex: 10 Hex: The PC Setup (DM 6650 to DM 6559, DM 6613, DM 6614, DM 6602, DM 6603, DM 6640, DM 6641) settings are incorrect. Correct the settings. An error has occurred in the Serial Communications Board. Check flags and status information in memory for the Serial Communications Board and correct the error accordingly.
An error has occurred in the Inner Board inserted in slot 1 or slot 2. Check the contents (two digits BCD) of AR 0408 to AR 0415 (error codes for Inner Board inserted in slot 2) and correct as directed. 01, 02 Hex: An error has occurred in the hardware. Turn the power OFF, and then power up again. If the error persists, replace the Inner Board. 03 Hex: 04 Hex: The PC Setup (DM 6611, DM 6612, DM 6643, DM 6644) settings are incorrect. Correct the settings. CQM1H operation was interrupted during pulse output (when CQM1H-PLB21 is mounted). Check to see whether the device receiving the pulse output was affected.
SYS FAIL FAL** (see note)
9B
An error has been detected in the PC Setup. Check flags AR 2400 to AR 2402, and correct as directed. AR 2400 ON: An incorrect setting was detected in the PC Setup (DM 6600 to DM 6614) when power was turned ON. Correct the settings in PROGRAM Mode and turn on the power again. AR 2401 ON: An incorrect setting was detected in the PC Setup (DM 6615 to DM 6644) when switching to RUN Mode. Correct the settings in PROGRAM Mode and switch to RUN Mode again. AR 2402 ON: An incorrect setting was detected in the PC Setup (DM 6645 to DM 6655) during operation. Correct the settings and clear the error.
SCAN TIME OVER
F8
Watchdog timer has exceeded 100 ms. (SR 25309 will be ON.) This indicates that the program cycle time is longer than recommended. Reduce cycle time if possible. Backup battery is missing or its voltage has dropped. (SR 25308 will be ON.) Check the battery and replace if necessary. Check the PC Setup (DM 6655) to see whether a low battery will be detected.
BATT LOW
F7
SIOU_ERR
D0
An error has occurred during data transfer between the CPU Unit and the Controller Link Unit, or in the Controller Link Unit itself. (SR 25413 and AR 0011 will be ON.) Turn the power OFF, and then ON again. If the error persists, replace the Controller Link Unit.
Note ** is 01 to 99, 9D, 9C, or 9B. Communication Errors If an error occurs in communications through the peripheral port or built-in RS-232C port, the corresponding indicator (PRPHL or COMM) will stop flashing. Check the connecting cables as well as the programs in the PC and host computer. Reset the communications ports with the Port Reset Bits, SR 25208 and SR 25209. Output Inhibit When the OUT INH indicator is lit, the Output OFF Bit (SR 25215) is ON and all outputs from the CPU Unit will be turned OFF. If it is not necessary to have all outputs OFF, turn OFF SR 25215.
496
Operating Errors
Section
8-5
8-5-2 Fatal Errors

PC operation and program execution will stop and all outputs from the PC will be turned OFF when any of these errors have occurred. All CPU Unit indicators will be OFF for the power interruption error. For all other fatal operating errors, the POWER and ERR/ALM indicators will be lit. The RUN indicator will be OFF. ! Caution Investigate the cause of errors and take the appropriate action as soon as possible. After removing the cause of the error, either turn the PC OFF and ON again, or perform error clearing operations. Refer to the CQM1H Operation Manual for Programming Console procedures.
Meaning and appropriate response Power has been interrupted for at least 10 ms. Check power supply voltage and power lines. Try to power-up again. AR 1611 ON: A checksum error has occurred in the PC Setup (DM 6600 to DM 6655). Initialize all of the PC Setup and reinput. AR 1612 ON: A checksum error has occurred in the program, indicating an incorrect instruction. Check the program and correct any errors detected. AR 1613 ON: A checksum error has occurred in an expansion instructions data. Initialize all of the expansion instruction settings and reinput. AR 1614 ON: Memory Cassette was installed or removed with the power ON. Turn the power OFF, install the Memory Cassette, and turn the power on again. AR 1615 ON: The Memory Cassette contents could not be read at start-up. Check flags AR 1412 to AR 1415 to determine the problem, correct it, and turn ON the power again. END(01) is not written anywhere in program. Write END(01) at the final address of the program. An error has occurred during data transfer between the CPU Unit and an I/O Unit. S An I/O Unit or the End Cover is not connected properly. S An Inner Board was connected or removed during communications. S The End Cover is not connected correctly to the CPU Block or Expansion I/O Block. S The power supply voltage supplied to the Expansion I/O Block is not sufficient. S More than one I/O Control Unit or I/O Interface Unit is mounted. Determine the location of the problem using the error code stored in AR 2400 to AR 2415. Turn OFF the power and check the following according to the error code. S Error code: 00 to 15 BCD Check the mounting of the Unit allocated input words IR 000 to IR 015. S Error code: 80 to 95 BCD Check the mounting of the Unit allocated output words IR 100 to IR 115. S Error code: F0 Hex Check the mounting of the Inner Board in slot 1. S Error code: F1 Hex Check the mounting of the Inner Board in slot 2. S Error code: FF Hex Check the mounting of the End Cover on the CPU Block or Expansion I/O Block. Check the Expansion I/O Cable length. The cable must be 0.7 m max. Check the number of Units and the current consumption on the CPU Block and Expansion I/O Block to see if the maximum number of Units or the power supply capacity has been exceeded. If necessary, reconfigure the system to enable adequate power supply. The number of I/O words on the installed I/O Units exceeds the maximum. Turn OFF the power, rearrange the system to reduce the number of I/O words, and turn ON the power again. An FALS(07) instruction has been executed in the program. Check the FALS number to determine the conditions that would cause execution, correct the cause, and clear the error. The cycle time has exceeded the FALS 9F Cycle Time Monitoring Time (DM 6618). Check the cycle time and adjust the Cycle Time Monitoring Time if necessary.
Message Power interruption (no message) MEMORY ERR
FALS No. None F1
NO END INST I/O BUS ERR
F0 C0
I/O UNIT OVER
E1
SYS FAIL FALS** (see note)
01 to 99
9F
497
Error Log
Note ** is 01 to 99 or 9F.
Section
8-6
8-6
Error Log
The error log registers the error code of any fatal or non-fatal error that occurs in the PC. The date and time at which the error occurred are registered along with the error code. Refer to page 495 for error codes.
Error Log Area
The error log is stored in DM 6569 through DM 6599 as shown below.
DM6569 DM6570 DM6571 DM6572
Error log pointer Error log record 1 (3 words used.)
Shows the number of error records (0 to 7) stored in the error log. 0 means that there are no records stored. Each error log record contains 3 words as follows: 15 8 7 Leading word Leading word + 1 Leading word + 2 Error classification Min Day Error code Sec Hour 0 Each stored in 2 digits BCD.
to
DM6597 DM6598 DM6599
Error classification: 00 Hex: Nonfatal 80 Hex: Fatal Error log record A (3 words used.)
Error records will be stored even if pin 1 on the DIP switch on the CPU Unit is turned ON to protect DM 6144 to DM 6655. For details about error codes refer to 8-5 Operating Errors. If the settings in PC Setup (DM 6655, bits 00 to 03) are set to disable saving records to the error history (2 to F Hex), DM 6569 to DM 6599 can be used as general-purpose read-only DM words. Error Log Storage Methods The error log storage method is set in the PC Setup (DM 6655, bits 00 to 03). Set any of the following methods. 1. 0 Hex: You can store the most recent 10 error log records and discard older records. This is achieved by shifting the records as shown below so that the oldest record (record 0) is lost whenever a new record is generated.
Oldest record lost Error log record 1 Error log record 2 All records shifted Error log record 6 Error log record 7 New record added
2. 1 Hex: You can store only the first 10 error log records, and ignore any subsequent errors beyond those 10.
Error log record 1 Error log record 2 No changes after 10 records stored Error log record 9 Error log record A Error generated Error ignored
498
Troubleshooting Flowcharts
Section
3. 2 to F Hex: You can disable the log so that no records are stored.
8-7
The default setting is the first method. Refer to Error Log Settings on page 16 for details on the PC Setup for the error log. Note 1. If a Memory Cassette with a clock (RTC) is not used, the date and time of error occurrence will be 0000. 2. Error will be recorded in the error log even if DM 6144 to DM 6655 are writeprotected by turning ON pin 1 on the DIP switch on the front side of the CPU Unit. Clearing the Error Log To clear the entire error log, turn ON SR 25214 from a Programming Device or using an instruction. (After the error log has been cleared, SR 25214 will turn OFF automatically.)
8-7
Use the following flowcharts to troubleshoot errors that occur during operation.
Main Check
Error
Power indicator lit? Lit
Not lit
Check power supply. (See page 500.)
RUN indicator lit? Lit
Not lit
Check for fatal errors. (See page 501.)
ERR/ALM indicator flashing? Not lit
Flashing
Check for non-fatal errors. (See page 502.)
Is I/O sequence normal? Normal Operating environment normal? Normal Replace the CPU Unit.
Not normal
Check I/O. (See page 503.)
Not normal
Check operating environment. (See page 505.)
Note Always turn OFF the power to the PC before replacing Units, batteries, wiring, or cables.
499
Power Supply Check
Power indicator not lit.
Section
8-7
Is power being supplied? Yes
No
Connect power supply.
No
Is Power indicator lit?
Yes
Is voltage adequate? (See note.) Yes
No
Set supply voltage within acceptable limits.
No
Yes
Are there any loose terminal screws or broken wires? No
Yes
Tighten screws or replace wires.
No
Yes
Replace the Power Supply Unit.
End
Note Refer to CQM1H Operation Manual for the allowable voltage ranges for the CQM1H.
500
Fatal Error Check
Section
8-7
The following flowchart can be used to troubleshoot fatal errors that occur while the Power indicator is lit.
RUN indicator not lit.
No
Is the ERR/ALM indicator lit? Yes Yes Determine the cause of the error with a Peripheral Device. Is PC mode displayed on Peripheral Device? No
Is PC mode displayed on Peripheral Device? Yes
No
Correct the power supply.
Is a fatal error displayed? No
Yes
Identify the error (see page 497), eliminate its cause, and clear the error.
Switch to RUN or MONITOR mode.
Is the RUN indicator lit? Yes End
No
Replace the CPU Unit.
501
Non-fatal Error Check
Section
8-7
Although the PC will continue operating during non-fatal errors, the cause of the error should be determined and removed as quickly as possible to ensure proper operation. It may to necessary to stop PC operation to remove certain non-fatal errors.
ERR/ALM indicator flashing.
Determine the cause of the error with a Peripheral Device.
Is a non-fatal error indicated? No
Yes
Identify the error (see page 495), eliminate its cause, and clear the error.
Is the ERR/ALM indicator flashing? Not lit
Flashing
End
Replace the CPU Unit.
502
I/O Check
Section
8-7
The I/O check flowchart is based on the following ladder diagram section.
(LS1) 00002 (LS2) 00003 10500
SOL1
10500
SOL1 malfunction.
Start (See note) Is the IR 10500 output indicator operating normally? Yes Check the voltage at the IR 10500 terminals. Wire correctly. Replace terminal connector. Monitor the ON/OFF status of IR 10500 with a Peripheral Device. No
No Operation OK? Yes No Is output wiring correct? Yes Disconnect the external wires and check the conductivity of each wire.
No Is terminal block making proper contact? Yes Operation OK? Yes No
A
To next page
Yes
Operation OK?
No
Check output device SOL1.
Replace the Output Unit.
The error may be due to a blown fuse or output transistor malfunction.
503
Section
8-7
From previous page
Are the IR 00002 and IR 00003 input indicators operating normally? Yes
No
Check the voltage at the IR 00002 and IR 00003 terminals.
Check the voltage at the IR 00002 and IR 00003 terminals.
Yes
Are the terminal screws loose? No
Operation OK? Operation OK? Yes No Yes Is input wiring correct? No No No Yes
Is terminal block making proper contact? No
Yes
Check operation by using a dummy input signal to turn the input ON and OFF.
Wire correctly. No Operation OK? Yes
Tighten the terminal screws
Replace terminal connector.
Replace the Input Unit.
Check input devices LS1 and LS2.
Return to start.
Replace the Output Unit.
504
Environmental Conditions Check
Environmental conditions check
Section
8-7
Is the ambient temperature below 55C? Yes
No
Consider using a fan or cooler.
Is the ambient temperature above 0C? Yes
No
Consider using a heater.
Is the ambient humidity between 10% and 90%? Yes
No
Consider using an air conditioner.
Is noise being controlled? Yes
No
Install surge protectors or other noise-reducing equipment at noise sources.
Is the installation environment okay? Yes End.
No
Consider constructing an instrument panel or cabinet.
505
Appendix A
Programming Instructions
A PC instruction is input either by pressing the corresponding Programming Console key(s) (e.g., LD, AND, OR, NOT) or by using function codes. To input an instruction with its function code, press FUN, the function code, and then WRITE. Refer to the pages listed programming and instruction details.
Code Mnemonic AND AND LD AND NOT CNT LD LD NOT OR OR LD OR NOT OUT OUT NOT AND AND LOAD AND NOT COUNTER LOAD LOAD NOT OR OR LOAD OR NOT OUTPUT OUTPUT NOT Name Function Logically ANDs status of designated bit with execution condition. Logically ANDs results of preceding blocks. Logically ANDs inverse of designated bit with execution condition. A decrementing counter. Used to start instruction line with the status of the designated bit or to define a logic block for use with AND LD and OR LD. Used to start instruction line with inverse of designated bit. Logically ORs status of designated bit with execution condition. Logically ORs results of preceding blocks. Logically ORs inverse of designated bit with execution condition. Turns ON operand bit for ON execution condition; turns OFF operand bit for OFF execution condition. Turns operand bit OFF for ON execution condition; turns operand bit ON for OFF execution condition (i.e., inverts operation). Turns the operand bit OFF when the execution condition is ON, and does not affect the status of the operand bit when the execution condition is OFF. Turns the operand bit ON when the execution condition is ON, and does not affect the status of the operand bit when the execution condition is OFF. ON-delay (decrementing) timer operation. Nothing is executed and program moves to next instruction. Required at the end of the program. If interlock condition is OFF, all outputs are turned OFF and all timer PVs reset between this IL(02) and the next ILC(03). Other instructions are treated as NOP; counter PVs are maintained. If jump condition is OFF, all instructions between JMP(04) and the corresponding JME(05) are ignored. Generates a non-fatal error and outputs the designated FAL number to the Programming Console. Generates a fatal error and outputs the designated FALS number to the Programming Console. When used with a control bit, defines the start of a new step and resets the previous step. When used without N, defines the end of step execution. Used with a control bit to indicate the end of the step, reset the step, and start the next step. Creates a bit shift register. Defines a bit as a latch controlled by set and reset inputs. Increases or decreases PV by one whenever the increment input or decrement input signals, respectively, go from OFF to ON. Turns ON the designated bit for one cycle on the rising edge of the input signal. Page 217 218 217 230 217 217 217 218 217 218 218
RSET
RESET
219
SET
SET
219
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08
TIM NOP END IL ILC JMP JME (@)FAL FALS STEP
TIMER NO OPERATION END INTERLOCK INTERLOCK CLEAR JUMP JUMP END FAILURE ALARM AND RESET SEVERE FAILURE ALARM STEP DEFINE
229 222 222 222 222 224 224 225 225 226
09 10 11 12
SNXT SFT KEEP CNTR
STEP START SHIFT REGISTER KEEP REVERSIBLE COUNTER DIFFERENTIATE UP
226 254 220 231
13
DIFU
221
507
Code 14 15 16 17 to 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 Mnemonic DIFD TIMH (@)WSFT Name DIFFERENTIATE DOWN HIGH-SPEED TIMER WORD SHIFT Function Turns ON the bit for one cycle on the trailing edge. A high-speed, ON-delay (decrementing) timer.
Appendix A
Page 221 232 255 207 Compares the contents of two words and outputs result to GR, EQ, and LE Flags. Copies source data (word or constant) to destination word. Inverts source data (word or constant) and then copies it to destination word. Converts four-digit, BCD data in source word into 16-bit binary data, and outputs converted data to result word. Converts binary data in source word into BCD, and outputs converted data to result word. Shifts each bit in single word of data one bit to left, with CY. Shifts each bit in single word of data one bit to right, with CY. Rotates bits in single word of data one bit to left, with CY. Rotates bits in single word of data one bit to right, with CY. Inverts bit status of one word of data. Adds two four-digit BCD values and content of CY, and outputs result to specified result word. Subtracts a four-digit BCD value and CY from another fourdigit BCD value and outputs result to the result word. Multiplies two four-digit BCD values and outputs result to specified result words. Divides four-digit BCD dividend by four-digit BCD divisor and outputs result to specified result words. Logically ANDs two 16-bit input words and sets corresponding bit in result word if corresponding bits in input words are both ON. Logically ORs two 16-bit input words and sets corresponding bit in result word if one or both of corresponding bits in input data are ON. Exclusively ORs two 16-bit input words and sets bit in result word when corresponding bits in input words differ in status. Exclusively NORs two 16-bit input words and sets bit in result word when corresponding bits in input words are same in status. Increments four-digit BCD word by one. Decrements four-digit BCD word by one. Sets carry flag (i.e., turns CY ON). Clears carry flag (i.e., turns CY OFF). Initiates data tracing. Displays a 16-character message on the Programming Console display. Adds two four-digit hexadecimal values and content of CY, and outputs result to specified result word. Subtracts a four-digit hexadecimal value and CY from another four-digit hexadecimal value and outputs result to the result word. Multiplies two four-digit hexadecimal values and outputs result to specified result words. 273 262 263 284 285 256 256 257 257 365 310 311 313 314 365
Shifts data between starting and ending words in word units, writing zeros into starting word.
For expansion instructions. CMP (@)MOV (@)MVN (@)BIN (@)BCD (@)ASL (@)ASR (@)ROL (@)ROR (@)COM (@)ADD (@)SUB (@)MUL (@)DIV (@)ANDW COMPARE MOVE MOVE NOT BCD TO BINARY BINARY TO BCD ARITHMETIC SHIFT LEFT ARITHMETIC SHIFT RIGHT ROTATE LEFT ROTATE RIGHT COMPLEMENT BCD ADD BCD SUBTRACT BCD MULTIPLY BCD DIVIDE LOGICAL AND
35
(@)ORW
LOGICAL OR
366
36 37
(@)XORW (@)XNRW
EXCLUSIVE OR EXCLUSIVE NOR
367 367
38 39 40 41 45 46 47 & 48 50 51
(@)INC (@)DEC (@)STC (@)CLC TRSM (@)MSG
BCD INCREMENT BCD DECREMENT SET CARRY CLEAR CARRY TRACE MEMORY SAMPLE MESSAGE
368 368 310 310 372 374 207 321 322
For expansion instructions. (@)ADB (@)SBB BINARY ADD BINARY SUBTRACT
52
(@)MLB
BINARY MULTIPLY
323
508
Code 53 54 55 56 57 58 Mnemonic (@)DVB (@)ADDL (@)SUBL (@)MULL (@)DIVL (@)BINL Name BINARY DIVIDE DOUBLE BCD ADD DOUBLE BCD SUBTRACT DOUBLE BCD MULTIPLY DOUBLE BCD DIVIDE DOUBLE BCD TO DOUBLE BINARY DOUBLE BINARY TO DOUBLE BCD Function
Appendix A
Page
Divides four-digit hexadecimal dividend by four-digit hexade- 324 cimal divisor and outputs result to specified result words. Adds two eight-digit values (2 words each) and content of CY, 316 and outputs result to specified result words. Subtracts an eight-digit BCD value and CY from another 317 eight-digit BCD value and outputs result to the result words. Multiplies two eight-digit BCD values and outputs result to specified result words. Divides eight-digit BCD dividend by eight-digit BCD divisor and outputs result to specified result words. Converts BCD value in two consecutive source words into binary and outputs converted data to two consecutive result words. Converts binary value in two consecutive source words into BCD and outputs converted data to two consecutive result words. Moves content of several consecutive source words to consecutive destination words. Copies content of one word or constant to several consecutive words. Computes square root of eight-digit BCD value and outputs truncated four-digit integer result to specified result word. Exchanges contents of two different words. Left shifts data between starting and ending words by one digit (four bits). Right shifts data between starting and ending words by one digit (four bits). Converts up to four hexadecimal digits in source word into decimal values from 0 to 15 and turns ON, in result word(s), bit(s) whose position corresponds to converted value. Determines position of highest ON bit in source word(s) and turns ON corresponding bit(s) in result word. Converts hexadecimal values from source word to data for seven-segment display. Moves one word of source data to destination word whose address is given by destination base word plus offset. Extracts data from source word and writes it to destination word. Transfers designated bit of source word or constant to designated bit of destination word. Moves hexadecimal content of specified four-bit source digit(s) to specified destination digit(s) for up to four digits. Shifts data in specified word or series of words to either left or right. Compares four-digit hexadecimal value with values in table consisting of 16 words. Converts hexadecimal values from the source word to eightbit ASCII code starting at leftmost or rightmost half of starting destination word. Transmits data to another node in the network. Calls and executes subroutine N. Marks start of subroutine N. Marks the end of a subroutine and returns control to main program. Refreshes all I/O words between the start and end words. Cannot be used with the SRM1. 318 319 285
59
(@)BCDL
286
60 to 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76
For expansion instructions. (@)XFER (@)BSET (@)ROOT (@)XCHG (@)SLD (@)SRD (@)MLPX BLOCK TRANSFER BLOCK SET SQUARE ROOT DATA EXCHANGE ONE DIGIT SHIFT LEFT ONE DIGIT SHIFT RIGHT 4-TO-16 DECODER
207 264 265 320 266 258 259 287
77 78 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
(@)DMPX (@)SDEC (@)DIST (@)COLL (@)MOVB (@)MOVD (@)SFTR (@)TCMP (@)ASC
16-TO-4 ENCODER 7-SEGMENT DECODER SINGLE WORD DISTRIBUTE DATA COLLECT MOVE BIT MOVE DIGIT REVERSIBLE SHIFT REGISTER TABLE COMPARE ASCII CONVERT
289 291 266 268 270 271 259 274 294
87 to 89 90 91 92 93 97
For expansion instructions. (@)SEND (@)SBS SBN RET (@)IORF NETWORK SEND SUBROUTINE ENTRY SUBROUTINE DEFINE RETURN I/O REFRESH
207 398 370 372 372 375
509
Code 98 99 Mnemonic (@)RECV (@)MCRO MACRO Name NETWORK RECEIVE Function
Appendix A
Page 402 376
Requests data transfer from another node in the network. Calls and executes a subroutine replacing I/O words.
The following table shows the instructions that can be treated as expansion instructions. The default function codes are given for instructions that have codes assigned by default.
Code Mnemonic 17 (@)ASFT Name ASYNCHRONOUS SHIFT REGISTER TEN KEY INPUT MULTI-WORD COMPARE RECEIVE TRANSMIT DOUBLE COMPARE MODE CONTROL HIGH-SPEED COUNTER PV READ COMPARISON TABLE LOAD SPEED OUTPUT Function Creates a shift register that exchanges the contents of adjacent words when one of the words is zero and the other is not. Inputs 8 digits of BCD data from a 10-key keypad. Compares a block of 16 consecutive words to another block of 16 consecutive words. Receives data via a communications port. Sends data via a communications port. Compares two eight-digit hexadecimal values. Starts and stops counter operation, compares and changes counter PVs, and stops pulse output. Reads counter PVs and status data of high-speed counters. Page 261
18 19 47 48 60 61 62 63 64
TKY (@)MCMP (@)RXD (@)TXD CMPL (@)INI (@)PRV (@)CTBL (@)SPED
427 278 408 410 277 248 250
Registers a comparison table and starts comparison for high- 237 speed counters. Outputs pulses at the specified frequency (10 Hz to 50 KHz in 387 10 Hz units). The output frequency can be changed while pulses are being output. Outputs the specified number of pulses at the specified frequency. The pulse output cannot be stopped until the specified number of pulses have been output. Performs a scaling conversion on the calculated value. Counts the total number of bits that are ON in the specified block of words. Judges whether the value of a word is within 16 ranges (defined by lower and upper limits). Controls interval timers used to perform scheduled interrupts. Inputs 4- or 8-digit BCD data from a digital switch. Converts 4- or 8-digit data to 7-segment display format and then outputs the converted data. Performs interrupt control, such as masking and unmasking the interrupt bits for I/O interrupts. Together with PULS(), ACC() controls the acceleration and/or deceleration of pulses output from port 1 or 2. Calculates the arc cosine of a 32-bit floating-point number. Adds two 8-digit binary values (normal or signed data) and outputs the result to R and R+1. Performs sine, cosine, or linear approximation calculations. Calculates the arc sine of a 32-bit floating-point number. Calculates the arc tangent of a 32-bit floating-point number. Adds the specified number of hexadecimal words and computes the mean value. Rounds off to 4 digits past the decimal point. 385
65
(@)PULS
SET PULSES
66 67 68 69 87 88 89 ---------------
(@)SCL (@)BCNT (@)BCMP (@)STIM DSW 7SEG (@)INT (@)ACC (@)ACOS (@)ADBL (@)APR (@)ASIN (@)ATAN AVG
SCALE BIT COUNTER BLOCK COMPARE INTERVAL TIMER DIGITAL SWITCH INPUT 7-SEGMENT DISPLAY OUTPUT INTERRUPT CONTROL ACCELERATION CONTROL ARC COSINE DOUBLE BINARY ADD ARITHMETIC PROCESS ARC SINE ARC TANGENT AVERAGE VALUE
298 378 275 235 420 417 384 392 359 325 337 358 360 334
-----
(@)CMND (@)COLM
DELIVER COMMAND LINE TO COLUMN
Transmits a FINS command to the specified node(s) on the

network and receives the response if necessary. Copies the 16 bits from the specified word to a bit column of 16 consecutive words.
405 306
510
Code Mnemonic ------------------------------------------------(@)COS CPS CPSL (@)DBS (@)DBSL (@)DEG (@)EXP (@)FCS (@)FIX (@)FIXL (@)FLT (@)FLTL FPD (@)HEX HKY (@)HMS (@)LINE (@)LOG (@)MAX (@)MBS (@)MBSL (@)MIN (@)NEG (@)NEGL COSINE SIGNED BINARY COMPARE DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY COMPARE SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY DIVIDE RADIANS TO DEGREES EXPONENT FCS CALCULATE FLOATING TO 16-BIT FLOATING TO 32-BIT 16-BIT TO FLOATING 32-BIT TO FLOATING FAILURE POINT DETECT HEXADECIMAL KEY INPUT SECONDS TO HOURS LINE LOGARITHM FIND MAXIMUM SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY DOUBLE SIGNED BINARY MULTIPLY FIND MINIMUM 2S COMPLEMENT DOUBLE 2S COMPLEMENT PID CONTROL PULSE OUTPUT PROTOCOL MACRO PULSE WITH VARIABLE DUTY RATIO DEGREES TO RADIANS DOUBLE BINARY SUBTRACT Name Function
Appendix A
Page 356 279 280 330 331 354 362 378 345 346 347 348 380 295 424 304 305 364 332 328
Calculates the cosine of an angle (in radians) expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value. Compares two 16-bit (4-digit) signed binary values and outputs the result to the GR, EQ, and LE flags. Compares two 32-bit (8-digit) signed binary values and outputs the result to the GR, EQ, and LE flags. Divides one 16-bit signed binary value by another and outputs the 32-bit signed binary result to R+1 and R. Divides one 32-bit signed binary value by another and outputs the 64-bit signed binary result to R+3 to R. Converts a 32-bit floating-point number from radians to degrees. Calculates the natural (base e) exponential of a 32-bit floating-point number. Checks for errors in data transmitted by a Host Link command. Converts the integer portion of a 32-bit floating-point number to 16-bit signed binary data. Converts the integer portion of a 32-bit floating-point number to 32-bit signed binary data. Converts a 16-bit signed binary value to 32-bit floating-point data. Converts a 32-bit signed binary value to 32-bit floating-point data. Finds errors within an instruction block. Inputs up to 8 digits of hexadecimal data from a 16-key keypad. Converts second data to hour and minute data. Copies a bit column from 16 consecutive words to the specified word. Calculates the natural (base e) logarithm of a 32-bit floatingpoint number. Finds the maximum value in specified data area and outputs that value to another word. Multiplies the signed binary content of two words and outputs the 8-digit signed binary result to R+1 and R.
ASCII-TO-HEXADECIMAL Converts ASCII data to hexadecimal data.
Multiplies two 32-bit (8-digit) signed binary values and outputs 329 the 16-digit signed binary result to R+3 through R. Finds the minimum value in specified data area and outputs that value to another word. Converts the four-digit hexadecimal content of the source word to its 2s complement and outputs the result to R. Converts the eight-digit hexadecimal content of the source words to its 2s complement and outputs the result to R and R+1. Performs PID control based on the specified parameters. Accelerates pulse output from 0 to the target frequency at a specified rate and decelerates at the same rate. Executes the specified communications sequence (protocol data) registered in the Serial Communications Board. Outputs pulses with the specified duty ratio (0% to 99%) from port 1 or 2. Converts a 32-bit floating-point number from degrees to radians Subtracts an 8-digit binary value (normal or signed data) from another and outputs the result to R and R+1. 333 307 308
-------------
PID (@)PLS2 (@)PMCR (@)PWM (@)RAD (@)SBBL
397 390 415 394 353 326
511
Code Mnemonic ------------(@)SCL2 (@)SCL3 (@)SEC (@)SIN (@)SQRT (@)SRCH Name SIGNED BINARY TO BCD SCALING BCD TO SIGNED BINARY SCALING HOURS TO SECONDS SINE SQUARE ROOT DATA SEARCH Function
Appendix A
Page 300 301 303 355 361 395
Linearly converts a 4-digit signed hexadecimal value to a 4-digit BCD value. Linearly converts a 4-digit BCD value to a 4-digit signed hexadecimal value. Converts hour and minute data to second data. Calculates the sine of an angle (in radians) expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value.
Calculates the square root of a 32-bit floating-point number.

Searches the specified range of memory for the specified data. Outputs the word address(es) of words in the range that contain the data. Changes the communications parameters in the PC Setup for a specified port. Computes the sum of the contents of the words in the specified range of memory. Calculates the tangent of an angle (in radians) expressed as a 32-bit floating-point value.
---------------
(@)STUP (@)SUM (@)TAN (@)TTIM (@)XFRB ZCP ZCPL
CHANGE SERIAL PORT SETUP SUM CALCULATE TANGENT TOTALIZING TIMER
412 335 357 234 272 282 283
Creates a timer that increments the PV in 0.1-s units to time
between 0.1 and 999.9 s. TRANSFER BITS Copies the status of up to 255 specified source bits to the specified destination bits. AREA RANGE COMPARE Compares a word to a range defined by lower and upper limits and outputs the result to the GR, EQ, and LE flags. DOUBLE AREA RANGE Compares an 8-digit value to a range defined by lower and COMPARE upper limits and outputs the result to the GR, EQ, and LE flags. FLOATING-POINT ADD Adds two 32-bit floating-point numbers. FLOATING-POINT Subtracts one 32-bit floating-point number from another. SUBTRACT FLOATING-POINT Multiplies two 32-bit floating-point numbers. MULTIPLY FLOATING-POINT DIVIDE Divides one 32-bit floating-point number by another.
---------
(@)+F (@)F (@)*F (@)/F
348 350 351 352
512
Appendix B
Error and Arithmetic Flag Operation
The following table shows the instructions that affect the OF, UF, ER, CY, GR, LE and EQ flags. In general, OF indicates that the result of a 16-bit calculation is greater than 32,767 (7FFF) or the result of a 32-bit calculation is greater than 2,147,483,647 (7FFF FFFF). UF indicates that the result of a 16-bit calculation is less than 32,768 (8000) or the result of a 32-bit calculation is less than 2,147,483,648 (8000 0000). Refer to Section 5 Instruction Set for details. ER indicates that operand data is not within requirements. CY indicates arithmetic or data shift results. GR indicates that a compared value is larger than some standard, LT that it is smaller, and EQ, that it is the same. EQ also indicates a result of zero for arithmetic operations. Refer to Section 5 Instruction Set for details. Vertical arrows in the table indicate the flags that are turned ON and OFF according to the result of the instruction. Although ladder diagram instructions,TIM, and CNT are executed when ER is ON, other instructions with a vertical arrow under the ER column are not executed if ER is ON. All of the other flags in the following table will also not operate when ER is ON. Instructions not shown do not affect any of the flags in the table. Although only the non-differentiated form of each instruction is shown, differentiated instructions affect flags in exactly the same way. All 7 flags are turned OFF when END(01) is executed, so their status cannot be monitored with a Programming Console.
Mnemonic TIM CNT END (01) CNTR(12) TIMH(15) WSFT(16) CMP(20) MOV(21) MVN(22) BIN(23) BCD(24) ASL(25) ASR(26) ROL(27) ROR(28) COM(29) ADD(30) SUB(31) MUL(32) DIV(33) ANDW(34) ORW(35) XORW(36) XNRW(37) INC(38) DEC(39) STC(40) CLC(41) MSG(46) 25503 (ER) OFF ---- 25504 (CY) ----OFF ---------------- -- ----------------ON ----25505 (GR) ----OFF ------ --------------------------------------------25506 (EQ) ----OFF ------ ------25507 (LE) ----OFF ------ --------------------------------------------25404 (OF) ----OFF ----------------------------------------------------25405 (UF) ----OFF ----------------------------------------------------Page 229 230 222 231 232 255 273 262 263 284 285 256 256 257 257 365 310 311 313 314 365 366 367 367 368 368 310 310 374
513

Mnemonic ADB(50) SBB(51) MLB(52) DVB(53) ADDL(54) SUBL(55) MULL(56) DIVL(57) BINL(58) BCDL(59) XFER(70) BSET(71) ROOT(72) XCHG(73) SLD(74) SRD(75) MLPX(76) DMPX(77) SDEC(78) DIST(80) COLL(81) MOVB(82) MOVD(83) SFTR(84) TCMP(85) ASC(86) SEND(90) SBS(91) SBN(92) RECV(98) MCRO(99) 25503 (ER) OFF 25504 (CY) ---- ---------------------------------- --------OFF ----25505 (GR) --------------------------------------------------------OFF ----25506 (EQ) ---- ---------------------- ------OFF ----25507 (LE) -------------------------------------- --------------OFF ----25404 (OF) ----------------------------------------------------OFF -----
Appendix B
25405 (UF) ----------------------------------------------------OFF ----Page 321 322 323 324 316 317 318 319 285 286 264 265 320 266 258 259 287 289 291 266 268 270 271 259 274 294 398 370 372 402 376
The default function codes are shown for the instructions that have default function codes.
Mnemonic 7SEG(88) ACC() ACOS() ADBL() APR() ASFT(17) ASIN() ATAN() AVG() BCMP(68) BCNT(67) CMND() CMPL(60) COLM() 25503 (ER) 25504 (CY) ------ --------------------25505 (GR) ------------------------ --25506 (EQ) ---- -- ---- -- 25507 (LE) ------------------------ --25404 (OF) ----OFF ----OFF OFF ------------25405 (UF) ----OFF ----OFF OFF ------------Page 417 392 359 325 337 261 358 360 334 275 378 405 277 306
514

Mnemonic COS() CPS() CPSL() CTBL(63) DBS() DBSL() DEG() EXP() DSW(87) FCS() FIX() FIXL() FLT() FLTL() FPD() HEX() HKY() HMS() INI(61) INT(89) LINE() LOG() MAX() MBS() MBSL() MCMP(19) MIN() NEG() NEGL() PID() PLS2() PMCR() PRV(62) PULS(65) PWM() RAD() RXD(47) SBBL() SCL(66) SCL2() SCL3() SEC() SIN() SPED(64) SQRT() SRCH() STIM(69) STUP() SUM() 25503 (ER) 25504 (CY) ---------------------------- ---------------------------- -------------- -- ------------------25505 (GR) -- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------25506 (EQ) -- ---- ------ ---- ------------ -- -- ---- 25507 (LE) -- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------25404 (OF) OFF ---------- -------------------------- -------------------------- -- --------OFF -- ---------
Appendix B
25405 (UF) OFF ---------- --------------------------OFF ---------- ------------ -- --------OFF -- --------Page 356 279 280 237 330 331 354 362 420 378 345 346 347 348 380 295 424 304 248 384 305 364 332 328 329 333 333 307 308 314 390 415 250 385 394 353 408 326 298 300 301 303 355 387 361 395 235 412 335
515

Mnemonic TAN() TKY(18) TTIM() TXD(48) XFRB() ZCP() ZCPL() +F() F() *F() /F() 25503 (ER) 25504 (CY) ----------------------25505 (GR) ---------- -------- 25506 (EQ) ------25507 (LE) ---------- --------25404 (OF) OFF ------------
Appendix B
25405 (UF) OFF ------------ Page 357 427 234 410 272 282 283 348 350 351 352
516
Appendix C
Memory Areas Memory Area Structure
The following memory areas can be used with the CQM1H.
Data area IR area Input area (note 1) Output area Work areas Size Words Bits IR 00000 to IR 01515 IR 10000 to IR 11515 IR 01600 to IR 08915 IR 11600 to IR 18915 IR 21600 to IR 21915 IR 22400 to IR 22915 IR 09000 to IR 09615 IR 19000 to IR 19615 IR 09600 to IR 09915 IR 19600 to IR 19915 IR 20000 to IR 21515 Function Input bits can be allocated to Input Units or I/O Units. The 16 bits in IR 000 are always allocated to the CPU Units built-in inputs. Output bits can be allocated to Output Units or I/O Units. Work bits do not have any specific function, and they can be freely used within the program. 256 bits IR 000 to IR 015 256 bits IR 100 to IR 115 2,528 IR 016 to bits IR 089 min. IR 116 to (note 2) IR 189 IR 216 to IR 219 IR 224 to IR 229 96 bits IR 090 to IR 095 96 bits IR 190 to IR 195
Controller Link status areas
Used to indicate the Controller Link Data Link status information. (Can be used as work bits when a Controller Link Unit is not mounted.) Used to indicate the Controller Link error and network participation information. (Can be used as work bits when a Controller Link Unit is not mounted.) Used when the MACRO instruction, MCRO(99), is used. (Can be used as work bits when the MACRO instruction is not used.) These bits are allocated to the Inner Board mounted in slot 1 of the CQM1H-CPU51/61. (Can be used as work bits when the CQM1H-CPU11/CPU21 is being used or slot 1 is empty.) CQM1H-CTB41 High-speed Counter Board: IR 200 to IR 213 (14 words): Used by the Board IR 214 and IR 215 (2 words): Not used. CQM1H-SCB41 Serial Communications Board: IR 200 to IR 207 (8 words): Used by the Board IR 208 to IR 215 (8 words): Not used.
MACRO operand area (note 1)
Input area Output area
64 bits
IR 096 to IR 099 64 bits IR 196 to IR 199 256 bits IR 200 to IR 215
Analog settings area (note 1)
64 bits
IR 220 to IR 223
IR 22000 to IR 22315
High-speed Counter 0 PV (note 1)
32 bits
IR 230 to IR 231
IR 23000 to IR 23115
Used to store the analog settings when the CQM1H-AVB41 Analog Setting Board is mounted. (Can be used as work bits when an Analog Setting Board is not mounted.) Used to store the present values of the built-in highspeed counter (high-speed counter 0). (Can be used as work bits when high-speed counter 0 is not being used.)
517
Memory Areas
Data area Inner Board slot 2 area Size Words Bits IR 23200 to IR 24315 Function
Appendix C
192 bits IR 232 to IR 243
These bits are allocated to the Inner Board mounted in slot 2 of the CQM1H-CPU51/61. (Can be used as work bits when the CQM1H-CPU11/21 is being used or slot 2 is empty.) CQM1H-CTB41 High-speed Counter Board: IR 232 to IR 243 (12 words): Used by the Board CQM1H-PLB21 Pulse I/O Board: IR 232 to IR 239 (8 words): Used by the Board IR 240 to IR 243 (4 words): Not used. CQM1H-ABB21 Absolute Encoder Interface Board: IR 232 to IR 239 (8 words): Used by the Board IR 240 to IR 243 (4 words): Not used. CQM1H-MAB42 Analog I/O Board: IR 232 to IR 239 (8 words): Used by the Board IR 240 to IR 243 (4 words): Not used.
SR area HR area AR area TR area LR area (note 1) Timer/Counter area (note 3)
184 bits SR 244 to SR 255 1,600 HR 00 to bits HR 99 448 bits AR 00 to AR 27 8 bits ---
SR 24400 to SR 25507 HR 0000 to HR 9915 AR 0000 to AR 2715 TR 0 to TR 7
1,024 LR 00 to LR 0000 to bits LR 63 LR 6315 512 bits TIM/CNT 000 to TIM/CNT 511 (timer/counter numbers) 3,072 words 3,072 words 425 words DM 0000 to DM 3071 DM 3072 to DM 6143 DM 6144 to DM 6568 -------
DM area Read/write
These bits serve specific functions such as flags and control bits. These bits store data and retain their ON/OFF status when power is turned OFF. These bits serve specific functions such as flags and control bits. These bits are used to temporarily store ON/OFF status at program branches. Used for 1:1 Data Link through the RS-232 port or through a Controller Link Unit. The same numbers are used for both timers and counters. When TIMH(15) is being used, timer numbers 000 to 015 can be interrupt-refreshed to ensure proper timing during long cycles. DM area data can be accessed in word units only. Word values are retained when power is turned OFF. Available in CQM1H-CPU51/61 CPU Units only. Cannot be overwritten from program (only a Programming Device). DM 6400 to DM 6409 (10 words): Controller Link DM parameter area DM 6450 to DM 6499 (50 words): Routing table area DM 6550 to DM 6559 (10 words): Serial Communications Board settings
Read-only (note 4)
Error log area (note 4) PC Setup (note 4) EM area
31 words 56 words 6,144 words
DM 6569 to DM 6599 DM 6600 to DM 6655 EM 0000 to EM 6143
---
Used to store the time of occurrence and error code of errors that occur. Used to store various parameters that control PC operation. EM area data can be accessed in word units only. Word values are retained when power is turned OFF. Available in the CQM1H-CPU61 CPU Unit only.
-----
Note 1.IR and LR bits that are not used for their allocated functions can be used as work bits. 2.A minimum 2,528 bits are available as work bits. Other bits can be used as work bits when they are not used for their allocated functions, so the total number of available work bits depends on the configuration of the PC. 3.When accessing a PV, TIM/CNT numbers are used as word data; when accessing Completion Flags, they are used as bit data. 4.Data in DM 6144 to DM 6655 cannot be overwritten from the program.
518
Memory Areas
Appendix C
IR Area
Flags/Bits for an Inner Board in Slot 1 (IR 200 to IR 215)
Serial Communications Board Flags/Bits
Word IR 200 Bits 00 01 02 03 to 10 11 12 13 14 15 00 to 03 Function Serial Communications Board Hardware Error Flag Port Identification Error Flag (hardware error) Protocol Data Error Flag Not used. Port 2 Protocol Macro Execution Error Flag Port 1 Protocol Macro Execution Error Flag Port 2 PC Setup Error Flag Port 1 PC Setup Error Flag PC Setup Error Flag Port 1 Error Code 0: Normal operation 1: Parity error 2: Framing error 3: Overrun error 4: FCS error 5: Timeout error 6: Checksum error 7: Command error Communications Error Flag Transmission Enabled Flag Reception Completed Flag Reception Overflow Flag Sequence Abort Completion Flag Port 2 Error Code 0: Normal operation 1: Parity error 2: Framing error 3: Overrun error 4: FCS error 5: Timeout error 6: Checksum error 7: Command error Communications Error Flag Transmission Enabled Flag Reception Completed Flag Reception Overflow Flag Sequence Abort Completion Flag Port 1 Communicating with PT Flags (Bits 00 to 07 = PTs 0 to 7) Repeat Counter PV (00 to FF hexadecimal) Reception Counter (4-digit BCD) Port 2 Communicating with PT Flags (Bits 00 to 07 = PTs 0 to 7) Repeat Counter PV (00 to FF hexadecimal) Reception Counter (4-digit BCD) Port 1 Tracing Flag Port 2 Not used. Port 1 Echoback Disabled Flag (Only used for modem control in protocol Port 2 macro mode. See note.) Port 1 Protocol Macro Error Code 0: Normal operation 1: No protocol macro function 2: Sequence number error 3: Reception data/write area overflow Port 2 4: Protocol data grammar error 5: Protocol macro executed during port initialization Port 1 Completed Reception Case Number Completed Step Number Not used. IR 20408 to IR 20411 Data Stored Flag 0: No data stored; 1: Data stored Protocol macro Communications modes All modes Protocol macro
All modes
IR 201
All modes
04 05 06 07 08 to 11
Host Link or No-protocol Protocol macro All modes
12 13 14 15 IR 202 00 to 07 00 to 15 00 to 07 00 to 15 00 01 02 to 05 06 07 08 to 11 12 to 15 IR 205 00 to 03 04 to 07 08 to 14 15
Host Link or No-protocol Protocol macro NT Link in 1:N mode Protocol macro No-protocol NT Link in 1:N mode Protocol macro No-protocol Protocol macro
IR 203
IR 204
IR 204
Protocol macro
519
Memory Areas
Word IR 206 Bits 00 to 03 04 to 07 08 to 14 15 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 00 to 15 Function Port 2 Completed Reception Case Number Completed Step Number Not used. IR 20412 to IR 20415 Data Stored Flag 0: No data stored; 1: Data stored Port 1 Serial Communications Port Restart Bits Port 2 Port 1 Port 2 Port 1 Port 2 Port 1 Port 2 Port 1 Continuous Trace Start/Stop Bits Shot Trace Start/Stop Bits Echoback Disable Bit (Only used for modem control in protocol macro mode. See note.) Protocol Macro Executing Flag
Appendix C
Communications modes Protocol macro
IR 207
All modes Protocol macro
Step Error Processing Flag Sequence End Completion Flag Forced Abort Bit Port 2 Protocol Macro Executing Flag Step Error Processing Flag Sequence End Completion Flag Forced Abort Bit Not used.
IR 208 to IR 215
---
Note Applicable only for CQM1H-SCB41, lot numbers 0320 or later.

Word IR 200 IR 201 IR 202 IR 203 IR 204 IR 205 IR 206 IR 207 IR 208 (High-speed counter 1) Bits 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 07 Name High-speed PV (rightmost 4 digits) Counter 1 PV (leftmost 4 digits) High-speed PV (rightmost 4 digits) Counter 2 PV (leftmost 4 digits) High-speed PV (rightmost 4 digits) Counter 3 PV (leftmost 4 digits) High-speed PV (rightmost 4 digits) Counter 4 PV (leftmost 4 digits) Comparison Results: Internal Output Bits Comparison Results: External Output Bits for Outputs 1 to 4 Counter Operating Flag Comparison Flag PV Overflow/Underflow Flag SV Error Flag Function Contains the high-speed counter PV for each of the High-speed Counter Boards ports. Note The PV data format (BCD or hexadecimal) can be set in the PC Setup (DM 6602.)
520
Memory Areas
Word IR 212 Bits 00 01 02 03 04 to 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 00 01 02 03 04 05 to 15 Name High-speed Counter 1 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 2 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 3 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 4 Reset Bit Not used. High-speed Counter 1 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 2 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 3 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 4 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 1 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 2 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 3 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 4 Stop Bit External Output 1 Force-set Bit External Output 2 Force-set Bit External Output 3 Force-set Bit External Output 4 Force-set Bit External Output Force-set Enable Bit Not used.
Appendix C
Function Phase Z and software reset 0: Counter not reset on phase Z 1: Counter reset on phase Z Software reset only 0: Counter not reset 01: Counter reset 01: Starts comparison. 10: Stops comparison.
IR 213

Flags/Bits for an Inner Board in Slot 2 (IR 232 to IR 243)

Word IR 232 IR 233 IR 234 IR 235 IR 236 IR 237 IR 238 IR 239 IR 240 (High-speed counter 1) Bits 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 07 Name High-speed PV (rightmost 4 digits) Counter 1 PV (leftmost 4 digits) High-speed PV (rightmost 4 digits) Counter 2 PV (leftmost 4 digits) High-speed PV (rightmost 4 digits) Counter 3 PV (leftmost 4 digits) High-speed PV (rightmost 4 digits) Counter 4 PV (leftmost 4 digits) Comparison Results: Internal Output Bits Comparison Results: External Outputs Bits for Outputs 1 to 4 Counter Operating Flag Comparison Flag PV Overflow/Underflow Flag SV Error Flag Function Contains the high-speed counter PV for each of the High-speed Counter Boards ports. Note The PV data format (BCD or hexadecimal) can be set in the PC Setup (DM 6602.)
521
Memory Areas
Word AR 05 Bits 00 01 02 03 04 to 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 00 01 02 03 04 05 to 15 Name High-speed Counter 1 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 2 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 3 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 4 Reset Bit Not used. High-speed Counter 1 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 2 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 3 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 4 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 1 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 2 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 3 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 4 Stop Bit External Output 1 Force-set Bit External Output 2 Force-set Bit External Output 3 Force-set Bit External Output 4 Force-set Bit External Output Force-set Enable Bit Not used.
Appendix C
Function Phase Z and software reset 0: Phase-Z reset disabled 1: Phase-Z reset enabled Software reset only 0: Software reset disabled 01: Executes software reset 01: Starts comparison. 10: Stops comparison.
AR 06
Pulse I/O Board Flags/Bits

Word IR 232 IR 233 IR 234 IR 235 IR 236 IR 237 IR 238 IR 239 IR 240 to IR 243 Bits 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 Function High-speed Counter 1 PV (rightmost 4 digits) High-speed Counter 1 PV (leftmost 4 digits) High-speed Counter 2 PV (rightmost 4 digits) High-speed Counter 2 PV (leftmost 4 digits) Port 1 Pulse Output PV (rightmost 4 digits) Port 1 Pulse Output PV (leftmost 4 digits) Port 2 Pulse Output PV (rightmost 4 digits) Port 2 Pulse Output PV (leftmost 4 digits) Not used.
Absolute Encoder Interface Board Flags/Bits

Word IR 232 IR 233 IR 234 IR 235 IR 236 to IR 243 Bits 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 Function Absolute Encoder High-speed Counter 1 PV (rightmost 4 digits) Absolute Encoder High-speed Counter 1 PV (leftmost 4 digits) Absolute Encoder High-speed Counter 2 PV (rightmost 4 digits) Absolute Encoder High-speed Counter 2 PV (leftmost 4 digits) Not used.
Analog I/O Board Flags/Bits

Word IR 232 IR 233 IR 234 IR 235 IR 236 IR 237 IR 236 to IR 243 Bits 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 Analog Input 1 Conversion Value Analog Input 2 Conversion Value Analog Input 3 Conversion Value Analog Input 4 Conversion Value Analog Output 1 SV Analog Output 2 SV Not used. Function
522
Memory Areas
Appendix C
Flags/Bits for Communications Units

Word IR 090 Bits 00 to 14 15 Function Always 0 Local Nodes Data Link Participation Status 0: The local node not in the Data Link or Data Link is stopped. 1: The local node is participating in the Data Link. Data Link Status: Node 1 Data Link Status: Node 2 Data Link Status: Node 3 Data Link Status: Node 4 Data Link Status: Node 5 Data Link Status: Node 6 Not used. Always 0 Terminator Status 0: Terminating resistance switch OFF 1: Terminating resistance switch ON Always 0 Function Network Parameters Error Flag 1: Error occurred; 0: No error Data Link Table Error Flag 1: Error occurred; 0: No error Routing Table Error Flag 1: Error occurred; 0: No error Always 0 EEPROM Write Error Flag 1: Error occurred; 0: No error Always 0 Node Number Duplication Error Flag 1: Error occurred; 0: No error Network Parameters Mismatch Error Flag 1: Error occurred; 0: No error Communications Controller Transmitter Error Flag 1: Error occurred; 0: No error Communications Controller Hardware Error Flag 1: Error occurred; 0: No error Always 0 Error Log Flag 1: Error record recorded; 0: No error records recorded Polling Nodes Node Number Startup Nodes Node Number Network Participation Status 1: Participating in network; 0: Not participating in network Not used.
IR 091 IR 092 IR 093 IR 094 IR 095
00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 10 11
12 to 15
Word IR 190
Bits 00 01 02 03 to 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 and 14 15
IR 191 IR 192 and IR 193 IR 194 and IR 195
00 to 07 08 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15
523
Memory Areas
Appendix C
SR Area
These bits mainly serve as flags related to CQM1H operation. The following table provides details on the various bit functions. SR 244 to SR 247 can also be used as work bits, when input interrupts are not used in Counter Mode.
Word SR 244 Bit(s) 00 to 15 Function Input Interrupt 0 Counter Mode SV SV when input interrupt 0 is used in Counter Mode (4-digit hexadecimal, 0000 to FFFF). (Can be used as work bits when input interrupt 0 is not used in Counter Mode.) Input Interrupt 1 Counter Mode SV SV when input interrupt 1 is used in Counter Mode (4-digit hexadecimal, 0000 to FFFF). (Can be used as work bits when input interrupt 1 is not used in Counter Mode.) Input Interrupt 2 Counter Mode SV SV when input interrupt 2 is used in Counter Mode (4-digit hexadecimal, 0000 to FFFF). (Can be used as work bits when input interrupt 2 is not used in Counter Mode.) Input Interrupt 3 Counter Mode SV SV when input interrupt 3 is used in Counter Mode (4-digit hexadecimal, 0000 to FFFF). (Can be used as work bits when input interrupt 3 is not used in Counter Mode.) Input Interrupt 0 Counter Mode PV Minus One Counter PV-1 when input interrupt 0 is used in Counter Mode (4-digit hexadecimal). Input Interrupt 1 Counter Mode PV Minus One Counter PV-1 when input interrupt 1 is used in Counter Mode (4-digit hexadecimal). Input Interrupt 2 Counter Mode PV Minus One Counter PV-1 when input interrupt 2 is used in Counter Mode (4-digit hexadecimal). Input Interrupt 3 Counter Mode PV Minus One Counter PV-1 when input interrupt 3 is used in Counter Mode (4-digit hexadecimal). 24 Page 24
SR 245
00 to 15
SR 246
00 to 15
SR 247
00 to 15
SR 248 SR 249 SR 250 SR 251
00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 15
524
Memory Areas
Word SR 252 Bit(s) 00 01 High-speed Counter 0 Reset Bit Control Bit for Inner Board in Slot 2 Pulse I/O Board: High-speed Counter 1 Reset Bit Turn ON to reset PV of high-speed counter 1 (port 1). Function
Appendix C
Page 30 139
Absolute Encoder Interface Board: Absolute High-speed Counter 1 Origin Compensation Bit Turn ON to set origin compensation for absolute high-speed counter 1 (port 1). Automatically turns OFF when compensation value is set in DM 6611. 02 Control Bit for Inner Board in Slot 2 Pulse I/O Board: High-speed Counter 2 Reset Bit Turn ON to reset PV of high-speed counter 2 (port 2). Absolute Encoder Interface Board: Absolute High-speed Counter 2 Origin Compensation Bit Turn ON to set origin compensation for absolute high-speed counter 2 (port 2). Automatically turns OFF when compensation value is set in DM 6612. 03 to 07 08 Not used. Peripheral Port Reset Bit Turn ON to reset peripheral port. (Not valid when Programming Device is connected.) Automatically turns OFF when reset is complete. RS-232C Port Reset Bit Turn ON to reset RS-232C port. Automatically turns OFF when reset is complete. PC Setup Reset Bit Turn ON to initialize PC Setup (DM 6600 through DM 6655). Automatically turns OFF again when reset is complete. Only effective if the PC is in PROGRAM mode. Forced Status Hold Bit OFF: Bits that are forced set/reset are cleared when switching from PROGRAM mode to MONITOR mode. ON: The status of bits that are forced set/reset are maintained when switching from PROGRAM mode to MONITOR mode. I/O Hold Bit OFF: IR and LR bits are reset when starting or stopping operation. ON: IR and LR bit status is maintained when starting or stopping operation. Not used. Error Log Reset Bit Turn ON to clear error log. Automatically turns OFF again when operation is complete. Output OFF Bit OFF: Normal output status. ON: All outputs turned OFF. FAL Error Code The error code (a 2-digit number) is stored here when an error occurs. The FAL number is stored here when FAL(06) or FALS(07) is executed. This byte is reset (to 00) by executing a FAL 00 instruction or by clearing the error from a Programming Device. Low Battery Flag Turns ON when a CPU Unit battery voltage drops. Cycle Time Over Flag Turns ON when a cycle time overrun occurs (i.e., when cycle time exceeds 100 ms). Not used. Always ON Flag Always OFF Flag First Cycle Flag Turns ON for 1 cycle at the start of operation. 46 139
09 10
11
12
12
12
13 14 15
499 155
SR 253
00 to 07
225
08 09 10 to 12 13 14 15
496 496
-------
525
Memory Areas
Word SR 254 Bit(s) 00 01 02 to 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 to 12 13 Function
Appendix C
Page ----321 321 139 226 424 417 420
1-minute Clock Pulse (30 seconds ON; 30 seconds OFF) 0.02-second Clock Pulse (0.01 second ON; 0.01 second OFF) Not used. Overflow (OF) Flag Turns ON when the result of a calculation is above the upper limit of signed binary data. Underflow (UF) Flag Turns ON when the result of a calculation is below the lower limit of signed binary data. Differential Monitor Complete Flag Turns ON when differential monitoring is complete. STEP(08) Execution Flag Turns ON for 1 cycle only at the start of process based on STEP(08). HKY() Execution Flag Turns ON during execution of HKY(). 7SEG(88) Execution Flag Turns ON during execution of 7SEG(88). DSW(87) Execution Flag Turns ON during execution of DSW(87). Not used. Communications Unit Error Flag Turns ON when an error occurs in a Communications Unit. This flag mirrors the operation of the Communications Unit Error Flag (AR 0011). Not used. Inner Board Error Flag Turns ON when an error occurs in an Inner Board mounted in slot 1 or slot 2. The error code for slot 1 is stored in AR 0400 to AR 0407 and the error code for slot 2 is stored in AR 0408 to AR 0415. 0.1-second Clock Pulse (0.05 second ON; 0.05 second OFF) 0.2-second Clock Pulse (0.1 second ON; 0.1 second OFF) 1.0-second Clock Pulse (0.5 second ON; 0.5 second OFF) Instruction Execution Error (ER) Flag Turns ON when an error occurs during execution of an instruction. Carry (CY) Flag Turns ON when there is a carry in the results of an instruction execution. Greater Than (GR) Flag Turns ON when the result of a comparison operation is greater. Equals (EQ) Flag Turns ON when the result of a comparison operation is equal, or when the result of an instruction execution is 0. Less Than (LE) Flag Turns ON when the result of a comparison operation is less.
420
14 15
---
SR 255
00 01 02 03 04 05 06
---------------
07
---
Note Writing is not possible for the following words: SR 248 through SR 251, and SR 253 through SR 255.
Explanation of SR Bits
SR 25211 (Forced Status Hold Bit) When the forced set/reset status is cleared, the bits that were forced will be turned ON or OFF as follows: Forced set cleared: Bit turned ON Forced reset cleared: Bit turned OFF All force-set or force-reset bits will be cleared when the PC is switched to RUN mode unless DM 6601 in the PC Setup has been set to maintain the previous status of the Forced Status Hold Bit when power is turned on. This setting can be used to prevent forced status from being cleared even when power is turned on. Turn this bit ON and OFF from a Programming Device. SR 25212 (I/O Hold Bit) When this bit is ON, the status of bits in the IR and LR areas will be retained when the PC is switched from PROGRAM to RUN or MONITOR mode. (If the I/O Hold Bit is OFF, all IR and LR bits will be reset when the PC starts operation.)
526
Memory Areas
Appendix C
Turn this bit ON and OFF from a Programming Device. DM 6601 in the PC Setup can be set to maintain the previous status of the I/O Hold Bit when power is turned on. When this setting has been made and the I/O Hold BIt is ON, the status of bits in the IR and LR areas will not be cleared when the power is turned ON. SR 25215 (Output OFF Bit) When this bit it turned ON, all outputs will be turned OFF and the CPU Units INH indicator will light. As long as the Output OFF BIt is ON, outputs will remain OFF even if output bits are turned ON by the program. Pulse outputs from Transistor Output Units and Pulse I/O Boards will remain OFF as long as the Output OFF Bit is ON. If a High-speed Counter Board has been installed, the Boards external outputs (1 to 4) will remain OFF as long as the Output OFF Bit is ON. When the Output OFF Bit will normally be OFF, turn it OFF regularly from the program. If the Output OFF BIt is not turned OFF from the program, its ON/OFF status will be retained when the power is OFF (although its status may not be retained if the backup battery fails.) SR 25308 (Battery Low Flag) and SR 25309 (Cycle Time Over Flag) A setting can be made in the PC Setup (DM 6655) so that these errors will not be generated.
AR Area
These bits mainly serve as flags related to CQM1H operation. The flags in AR 05 and AR 06 relate to the operation of Inner Boards and their functions are different for each Inner Board. The following table has been split to show the functions of the shared flags (AR 00 to AR 04 and AR 07 to AR 27) and the flags unique to particular Inner Boards (AR 05 and AR 06.) With the exception of AR 23 (Power-off Counter), the status of AR words and bits is refreshed each cycle. (AR 23 is refreshed only for power interruptions.)
Shared Flags/Bits (AR 00 to AR 04)

Word AR 00 Bit(s) 00 to 10 11 12 to 15 00 to 10 11 12 to 15 00 to 07 08 Function Not used. Communications Unit Error Flag Turns ON when an error occurs in a Communications Unit. Not used. Not used. Communications Unit Restart Bit Turn this bit ON and then OFF to restart the Communications Unit. Not used. Network Instruction Completion Code Contains the completion code for network instructions (SEND(90), RECV(98), or CMND().) Network Instruction (SEND(90), RECV(98), or CMND()) Error Flag Turns ON when an error occurred in execution of a network instruction (SEND(90), RECV(98), or CMND().) Network Instruction (SEND(90), RECV(98), or CMND()) Enabled Flag Turns ON when a network instruction (SEND(90), RECV(98), or CMND()) can be executed. Not used. Communications Unit Connected Flag Turns ON when a Communications Unit is mounted to the PC. Communications Unit Servicing Time Indicates the servicing time for the last cycle in 0.1-ms units (4-digit BCD.) Slot 1 Inner Board Error Code (Hex) 00: Normal 01, 02: Hardware error 04: Serial Communications Board error Slot 2 Inner Board Error Code (Hex) 00: Normal 01, 02: Hardware error 03: PC Setup error 04: PC stopped during pulse output or A/D (D/A) conversion error
AR 01
AR 02
09 10 to 14 15 AR 03 AR 04 00 to 15 00 to 07
08 to 15
527
Memory Areas
Appendix C
Flags/Bits for Inner Boards (AR 05 and AR 06)

High-speed Counter Board Slot 2 Flags/Bits (AR 05 to AR 06)
Word AR 05 Bit(s) 00 01 02 03 04 to 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 00 01 02 03 04 05 to 15 Function High-speed Counter 1 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 2 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 3 Reset Bit High-speed Counter 4 Reset Bit Not used. High-speed Counter 1 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 2 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 3 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 4 Comparison Stop Bit High-speed Counter 1 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 2 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 3 Stop Bit High-speed Counter 4 Stop Bit External Output 1 Force-set Bit External Output 2 Force-set Bit External Output 3 Force-set Bit External Output 4 Force-set Bit External Output Force-set Enable Bit Not used. Operation Z Phase and software reset 0: Z-phase reset disabled 1: Z-phase reset enabled Software reset only 0: Software reset disabled 01: Executes software reset --01: Starts comparison. 10: Stops comparison.
AR 06
0: Not valid 1: Forced ON
0: Force-setting of outputs 1 to 4 disabled 1: Force-setting of outputs 1 to 4 enabled ---
Pulse I/O Board Slot 2 Flags/Bits (AR 05 to AR 06)

Word AR 05 Bit(s) 00 to 07 Operation High-speed Counter 1 Range Comparison Flags Bit 00 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 1 Bit 01 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 2 Bit 02 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 3 Bit 03 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 4 Bit 04 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 5 Bit 05 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 6 Bit 06 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 7 Bit 07 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 8 High-speed Counter 1 Comparison Flag OFF: Stopped ON: Comparing High-speed Counter 1 Overflow/Underflow Flag OFF: Normal ON: Overflow or underflow occurred. Not used. Port 1 Pulse Output Flags Bit 12 ON: Deceleration specified. (OFF: Not specified.) Bit 13 ON: Number of pulses specified. (OFF: Not specified.) Bit 14 ON: Pulse output completed. (OFF: Not completed.) Bit 15 ON: Pulse output in progress. (OFF: No pulse output.)
08
09
10 to 11 12 to 15
528
Memory Areas
Word AR 06 Bit(s) 00 to 07 Operation High-speed Counter 2 Range Comparison Flags Bit 00 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 1 Bit 01 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 2 Bit 02 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 3 Bit 03 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 4 Bit 04 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 5 Bit 05 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 6 Bit 06 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 7 Bit 07 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 8 High-speed Counter 2 Comparison Flag OFF: Stopped ON: Comparing High-speed Counter 2 Overflow/Underflow Flag OFF: Normal ON: Overflow or underflow occurred. Not used. Port 2 Pulse Output Flags Bit 12 ON: Deceleration specified. (OFF: Not specified.) Bit 13 ON: Number of pulses specified. (OFF: Not specified.) Bit 14 ON: Pulse output completed. (OFF: Not completed.) Bit 15 ON: Pulse output in progress. (OFF: No pulse output.) Operation High-speed Counter 1 Range Comparison Flags Bit 00 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 1 Bit 01 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 2 Bit 02 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 3 Bit 03 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 4 Bit 04 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 5 Bit 05 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 6 Bit 06 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 7 Bit 07 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 8 High-speed Counter 1 Comparison Flag OFF: Stopped ON: Comparing Not used. High-speed Counter 2 Range Comparison Flags Bit 00 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 1 Bit 01 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 2 Bit 02 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 3 Bit 03 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 4 Bit 04 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 5 Bit 05 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 6 Bit 06 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 7 Bit 07 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 8 High-speed Counter 2 Comparison Flag OFF: Stopped ON: Comparing Not used.
Appendix C
08
09
10 to 11 12 to 15
Absolute Encoder Interface Board Flags/Bits (AR 05 to AR 06)

Word AR 05 Bit(s) 00 to 07
08
AR 06
09 to 15 00 to 07
08
09 to 15
Shared Flags/Bits (AR 07 to AR 27)

Word AR 07 Bit(s) 00 Function Controller Link Data Link Start Bit OFF ON: Start (This bit is ON when the power is turned ON.) ON OFF: Stop Not used. DIP Switch Pin 6 Flag OFF: CPU Units DIP switch pin No. 6 is OFF. ON: CPU Units DIP switch pin No. 6 is ON. Not used.
01 to 11 12
13 to 15
529
Memory Areas
Word AR 08 Bit(s) 00 to 03 04 05 Function
Appendix C
RS-232C Port Error Code (1-digit number) 0: Normal completion; 1: Parity error; 2: Framing error; 3: Overrun error RS-232C Port Error Flag Turns ON when a communications error occurs at the CPU Units built-in RS-232C port. RS-232C Port Transmission Enabled Flag Valid only when host link or RS-232C communications are used at the CPU Units built-in RS-232C port. RS-232C Port Reception Completed Flag Valid only when RS-232C communications are used at the CPU Units built-in RS-232C port. RS-232C Port Reception Overflow Flag Valid only when host link or RS-232C communications are used at the CPU Units built-in RS-232C port. Peripheral Port Error Code (1-digit number) 0: Normal completion; 1: Parity error; 2: Framing error; 3: Overrun error Peripheral Port Error Flag Turns ON when a peripheral port communications error occurs. Peripheral Port Transmission Enabled Flag Valid only when host link or RS-232C communications are used. Peripheral Port Reception Completed Flag Valid only when RS-232C communications are used. Peripheral Port Reception Overflow Flag Valid only when host link or RS-232C communications are used. RS-232C Port Reception Counter 4 digits BCD; valid only when RS-232C communications are used. Peripheral Port Reception Counter 4 digits BCD; valid only when RS-232C communications are used. High-speed Counter 0 Range Comparison Flags Bit 00 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 1 Bit 01 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 2 Bit 02 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 3 Bit 03 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 4 Bit 04 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 5 Bit 05 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 6 Bit 06 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 7 Bit 07 ON: Counter PV satisfies conditions for comparison range 8 Not used. Pulse Output Status for Pulse Output Bit Specification 0: Stopped; 1: Output Not used. Memory Cassette Installed Flag Turns ON if the Memory Cassette is installed at the time of powering up. Clock Available Flag Turns ON if a Memory Cassette equipped with a clock is installed. Memory Cassette Write-protected Flag ON when an EEPROM or Flash-memory Memory Cassette is mounted and write protected or when an EPROM Memory cassette is mounted. Not used. Memory Cassette Code (1-digit number) 0: No Memory Cassette installed. 1: EEPROM, 4-Kword Memory Cassette installed. 2: EEPROM, 8-Kword Memory Cassette installed. 3: Flash memory, 16-Kword Memory Cassette installed. 4: EPROM-type Memory Cassette installed. Not used.
06 07
08 to 11 12 13 14 15 AR 09 AR 10 AR 11 00 to 15 00 to 15 00 to 07
08 to 14 15 AR 12 AR 13 00 to 15 00 01 02
03 04 to 07
08 to 15
530
Memory Areas
Word AR 14 Bit(s) 00 Function
Appendix C
CPU Unit to Memory Cassette Transfer Bit Turn ON for transfer from the CPU Unit to the Memory Cassette. Automatically turns OFF again when operation is complete. Memory Cassette to CPU Unit Transfer Bit Turn ON for transfer from the Memory Cassette to the CPU Unit. Automatically turns OFF again when operation is complete. Memory Cassette Compare Bit Turn ON to compare the contents of the PC with the contents of the Memory Cassette. Automatically turns OFF again when operation is complete. Memory Cassette Comparison Results Flag ON: Difference found or comparison not possible OFF: Contents compared and found to be the same. Not used. PROGRAM Mode Transfer Error Flag Turns ON when transfer could not be executed due to being in PROGRAM mode. Write-protect Error Flag Turns ON when transfer could not be executed due to write-protection. Insufficient Capacity Flag Turns ON when transfer could not be executed due to insufficient capacity at the transfer destination. No Program Flag Turns ON when transfer could not be executed due to there being no program in the Memory Cassette. Memory Cassette Program Code Code (2-digit number) indicates the size of the program stored in the Memory Cassette. 00: There is no program, or no Memory Cassette is installed. 04: The program is less than 3.2 Kwords long. 08: The program is less than 7.2 Kwords long. 12: The program is less than 11.2 Kwords long. 16: The program is less than 15.2 Kwords long. CPU Unit Program Code Code (2-digit number) indicates the size of the program stored in the CPU Unit. 04: The program is less than 3.2 Kwords long. 08: The program is less than 7.2 Kwords long. 12: The program is less than 11.2 Kwords long. 16: The program is less than 15.2 Kwords long. Not used. PC Setup Initialized Flag Turns ON when a checksum error occurs in the PC Setup area and all settings are initialized back to the default settings. Program Invalid Flag Turns ON when a checksum error occurs in the UM (user program) area, or when an improper instruction is executed. Instructions Table Initialized Flag Turns ON when a checksum error occurs in the instructions table and all settings are initialized back to the default settings. Memory Cassette Added Flag Turns ON if the Memory Cassette is installed while the power is on. Memory Cassette Transfer Error Flag Turns ON if a transfer cannot be successfully executed when DIP switch pin No. 2 is set to ON (i.e., set to automatically transfer the contents of the Memory Cassette at power-up.) Minutes portion of the present time, in 2 digits BCD (Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details.) Hour portion of the present time, in 2 digits BCD (Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details.) Seconds portion of the present time, in 2 digits BCD (Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details.) Minutes portion of the present time, in 2 digits BCD (Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details.)
01
02
03
04 to 11 12 13 14
15
AR 15
00 to 07
08 to15
AR 16
00 to 10 11
12
13
14 15
AR 17
00 to 07 08 to 15
AR 18
00 to 07 08 to 15
531
Memory Areas
Word AR 19 Bit(s) 00 to 07 08 to 15 AR 20 00 to 07 08 to 15 AR 21 00 to 07 08 to 12 13 14 15 AR 22 00 to 07 Function
Appendix C
Hour portion of the present time, in 2 digits BCD (Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details.) Date portion of the present time, in 2 digits BCD (Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details.) Month portion of the present time, in 2 digits BCD (Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details.) Year portion of the present time, in 2 digits BCD (Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details.) Day of week portion of the present time, in 2 digits BCD [00: Sunday to 06: Saturday] (Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details.) Not used. 30-second Adjustment Bit Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details. Clock Stop Bit Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details. Clock Set Bit Valid only when a Memory Cassette with a clock is installed. See page 162 for details. Input Words Number of words (2 digits BCD) allocated for input bits (Only a recognized value will be stored. A value of 00 will be stored if an I/O UNIT OVER error has occurred.) Output Words Number of words (2 digits BCD) allocated for output bits (Only a recognized value will be stored. A value of 00 will be stored if an I/O UNIT OVER error has occurred.) Power-off Counter (4 digits BCD) This is the count of the number of times that the power has been turned OFF. To clear the count, write 0000 from a Programming Device. Power-up PC Setup Error Flag Turns ON when there is an error in DM 6600 to DM 6614 (the part of the PC Setup area that is read at power-up). Startup PC Setup Error Flag Turns ON when there is an error in DM 6615 to DM 6644 (the part of the PC Setup area that is read at the beginning of operation). RUN PC Setup Error Flag Turns ON when there is an error in DM 6645 to DM 6655 (the part of the PC Setup area that is always read). CPU Unit Peripheral Port Settings Changing Flag CPU Unit RS-232C Port Settings Changing Flag Long Cycle Time Flag Turns ON if the actual cycle time is longer than the cycle time set in DM 6619. Not used. Code (2 digits hexadecimal) showing the word number of a detected I/O bus error 00 to 15 (BCD): Correspond to input words 000 to 015. 80 to 95 (BCD): Correspond to output words 100 to 115. F0 (hexadecimal): Inner Board mounted in slot 1 cannot be identified. F1 (hexadecimal): Inner Board mounted in slot 2 cannot be identified. FF (hexadecimal): End cover cannot be identified. Not used. FPD() Teaching Bit Not used. Trace Completed Flag Tracing Flag Trace Trigger Bit Sampling Start Bit (Do not overwrite this bit from the program.)
08 to 15
AR 23
00 to 15
AR 24
00
01
02
03 04 05 06, 07 08 to 15
AR 25
00 to 07 08 09 to 11 12 13 14 15
532
Memory Areas
Word AR 26 Bit(s) 00 to 15 Function
Appendix C
Maximum Cycle Time (4 digits BCD) The longest cycle time since the beginning of operation is stored. It is cleared at the beginning, and not at the end, of operation. The unit can be any of the following, depending on the setting of the 9F monitoring time (DM 6618). Default: 0.1 ms; 10 ms setting: 0.1 ms; 100 ms setting: 1 ms; 1 s setting: 10 ms Current Cycle Time (4 digits BCD) The most recent cycle time during operation is stored. The Current Cycle Time is not cleared when operation stops. The unit can be any of the following, depending on the setting of the 9F monitoring time (DM 6618). Default: 0.1 ms; 10 ms setting: 0.1 ms; 100 ms setting: 1 ms; 1 s setting: 10 ms
AR 27
00 to 15
533
Appendix D
Using the Clock
The CQM1H PCs can be equipped with a clock by installing a Memory Cassette with a clock. This section explains how to use the clock. There is an R at the end of the model number of Memory Cassettes with a built-in clock. For example, the CQM1-ME04R Memory Cassette has a built-in clock. Refer to 3-11 Using Memory Cassettes for a list of available Memory Cassettes. Note The clock will stop and the current date and time clock data will be lost if the Memory Cassette is removed from the CPU Unit. The accuracy of the clock depends on and ambient temperature, as shown in the following table.
Ambient temperature 55C 25C 0C Accuracy by month 3 to 0 min 1 min 2 to 0 min
Words Containing the Date and Time

The following illustration shows the configuration of the words (AR 17 through AR 21) that are used with the clock. These words can be read and used as required. (AR 17 is provided so that the hour and minute can be accessed quickly.)
15 AR 17 AR 18 AR 19 AR 20 AR 21 Hour Minute Date Year 8 7 0 2 digits BCD each. (Only the last 2 digits of the year are displayed.) 00 to 06: Sunday to Saturday Minute Second Hour Month Day of week
AR 2115 Clock Set Bit AR 2114 Clock Stop Bit AR 2113 30-Second Adjustment Bit
Setting the Time

To set the time, use a Programming Device as follows: Note The time can be set easily using menu operations from a Programming Device such as a Programming Console. Refer to the CQM1H Operation Manual for the Programming Console procedure. Setting Everything Set the time and date with the following procedure: 1. Turn ON AR 2114 (Clock Stop Bit) to stop the clock and allow AR 18 through AR 21 to be overwritten. 2. Using a Programming Device, set AR 18 through AR 20 (minute/second, date/hour, and year/ month) and AR 2100 through AR 2107 (day of week). 3. Turn ON AR 2115 (Clock Set Bit) when the time set in step 2 is reached. The clock will start operating from the time that is set, and the Clock Stop Bit and Clock Set BIt will be turned OFF automatically. Setting Only the Seconds It is also possible, by using AR 2113, to simply set the seconds to 00 without going through a complicated procedure. When AR 2113 is turned ON, the clock time will change as follows: 1, 2, 3...
535
Using the Clock
Appendix D
If the seconds setting is from 00 to 29, the seconds will be reset to 00 and the minute setting will remain the same. If the seconds setting is from 30 to 59, the seconds will be reset to 00 and the minute setting will advance by one. When the time setting is complete, AR 2113 will turn OFF automatically.
536
Appendix E
I/O Assignment Sheet
Name of system PC model IR_____ 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 IR_____ 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 Unit no.: Model: Unit no.: Model: Sheet no. IR_____ 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 IR_____ 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 Unit no.: Model: Unit no.: Model: Produced by Verified by Authorized by
537
Appendix F
Program Coding Sheet
Name of system PC Address 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 Chart no. Instruction Function code Operands Produced by Verified by Authorized by
539

Address 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 Instruction Function code Operands
Appendix F
540

Address 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Instruction Function code Operands
Appendix F
541
Appendix G
List of FAL Numbers
Name of system PC model FAL No. 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 FAL contents Chart no. Corrective measure FAL No. 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 FAL contents Corrective measure Produced by Verified by Authorized by
543
List of FAL Numbers

FAL No. 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 FAL contents Corrective measure FAL No. 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 96 97 99 FAL contents
Appendix G
Corrective measure
544
Appendix H
Extended ASCII
The following codes are used to output characters to the Programming Console or Data Access Console using MSG(46) or FPD(). Refer to pages 374 and 380 for details.
Right digit 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F . / ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , Left digit 0, 1, 8, 9 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ? 4 @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O 5 P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _ 6 ` a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o 7 p q r s t u v w x y z { | } ~ . / ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ? A B C @ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O D P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _ E ` a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o ~ F p q r s t u v w x y z { | }
545
Glossary
*DM 1:1 link ACP add count input address AND Indirectly addressed DM area. See indirect address and DM area. A link created between two PCs to create common data in their LR areas. See add count input. An input signal used to increment a counter when the signal changes from OFF to ON. A number used to identify the location of data or programming instructions in memory. A logic operation whereby the result is true if and only if both premises are true. In ladder-diagram programming the premises are usually ON/OFF states of bits or the logical combination of such states called execution conditions. See data area and memory area. A one or two letter prefix used to identify a memory area in the PC. All memory areas except the IR and SR areas require prefixes to identify addresses in them. A shift operation wherein the carry flag is included in the shift. Short for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. ASCII is used to code characters for output to printers and other external devices. A PC data area allocated to flags and control bits. An MS DOS file containing commands automatically executed at startup. A copy made of existing data to ensure that the data will not be lost even if the original data is corrupted or erased. A fundamental instruction used in a ladder diagram. The data transmission speed between two devices in a system measured in bits per second. See binary-coded decimal. An arithmetic calculation that uses numbers expressed in binary-coded decimal. A number system where all numbers are expressed in base 2, i.e., numbers are written using only 0s and 1s. Each group of four binary bits is equivalent to one hexadecimal digit. Binary data in memory is thus often expressed in hexadecimal for convenience. An arithmetic calculation that uses numbers expressed in binary. A system used to represent numbers so that every four binary bits is numerically equivalent to one decimal digit. The smallest piece of information that can be represented on a computer. A bit has the value of either zero or one, corresponding to the electrical signals ON and OFF. A bit represents one binary digit. Some bits at particular addresses are allocated to special purposes, such as holding the status of input from external devices, while other bits are available for general use in programming. The location in memory where a bit of data is stored. A bit address specifies the data area and word that is being addressed as well as the number of the bit within the word.
area area prefix arithmetic shift ASCII AR Area AUTOEXEC.BAT back-up basic instruction baud rate BCD BCD calculation binary
binary calculation binary-coded decimal bit
bit address
547
Glossary
bit designator bit number bit-control instruction block building-block PC An operand that is used to designate the bit or bits of a word to be used by an instruction. A number that indicates the location of a bit within a word. Bit 00 is the rightmost (least-significant) bit; bit 15 is the leftmost (most-significant) bit. An instruction that is used to control the status of an individual bit as opposed to the status of an entire word. See logic block and instruction block. A PC that is constructed from individual components, or building blocks. With building-block PCs, there is no one Unit that is independently identifiable as a PC. The PC is rather a functional assembly of Units. A communications path used to pass data between any of the Units connected to it. The line leading down the left and sometimes right side of a ladder diagram. Instruction execution proceeds down the bus bar, which is the starting point for all instruction lines. A unit of data equivalent to 8 bits, i.e., half a word. A process by which instruction execution shifts from the main program to a subroutine. The subroutine may be called by an instruction or by an interrupt. A flag that is used with arithmetic operations to hold a carry from an addition or multiplication operation, or to indicate that the result is negative in a subtraction operation. The carry flag is also used with certain types of shift operations. A device that is capable of storing programs and data, and executing the instructions contained in the programs. In a PC System, the central processing unit executes the program, processes I/O signals, communicates with external devices, etc. See word. See word. A numeric (usually binary) code used to represent an alphanumeric character. A sum transmitted with a data pack in communications. The checksum can be recalculated from the received data to confirm that the data in the transmission has not been corrupted. A pulse available at specific bits in memory for use in timing operations. Various clock pulses are available with different pulse widths, and therefore different frequencies. A bit in memory that supplies a pulse that can be used to time operations. Various clock pulse bits are available with different pulse widths, and therefore different frequencies. Data that is stored in a memory of a PC and which is shared by other PCs in the same system. Each PC has a specified section(s) of the area allocated to it. Each PC writes to the section(s) allocated to it and reads the sections allocated to the other PCs with which it shares the common data. Cable used to transfer data between components of a control system and conforming to the RS-232C or RS-422 standards. An instruction used to compare data at different locations in memory to determine the relationship between the data.
bus bus bar
byte call Carry Flag
central processing unit
CH channel character code checksum
clock pulse
clock pulse bit
common data
communications cable comparison instruction
548
Glossary
Completion Flag condition A flag used with a timer or counter that turns ON when the timer has timed out or the counter has reached its set value. A symbol placed on an instruction line to indicate an instruction that controls the execution condition for the terminal instruction. Each condition is assigned a bit in memory that determines its status. The status of the bit assigned to each condition determines the next execution condition. Conditions correspond to LOAD, LOAD NOT, AND, AND NOT, OR, or OR NOT instructions. An MS DOS file containing environment settings for a personal computer. An input for an operand in which the actual numeric value is specified. Constants can be input for certain operands in place of memory area addresses. Some operands must be input as constants. A bit in a memory area that is set either through the program or via a Programming Device to achieve a specific purpose, e.g., a Restart Bit is turned ON and OFF to restart a Unit. An operand that specifies how an instruction is to be executed. The control data may specify the part of a word is to be used as the operand, it may specify the destination for a data transfer instructions, it may specify the size of a data table used in an instruction, etc. A signal sent from the PC to effect the operation of the controlled system. All of the hardware and software components used to control other devices. A Control System includes the PC System, the PC programs, and all I/O devices that are used to control or obtain feedback from the controlled system. The devices that are being controlled by a PC System. The signal counted by a counter. A dedicated group of digits or words in memory used to count the number of times a specific process has occurred, or a location in memory accessed through a TIM/CNT bit and used to count the number of times the status of a bit or an execution condition has changed from OFF to ON. See central processing unit. An acronym for clear-to-send, a signal used in communications between electronic devices to indicate that the receiver is ready to accept incoming data. Windows-based Support Software for programming SYSMAC PCs. Windows-based Support Software for the protocol macro function of SYSMAC PCs. See Carry Flag. One unit of processing performed by the CPU, including ladder program execution, peripheral servicing, I/O refreshing, etc. The time required to complete one cycle of CPU processing. See scheduled interrupt. An area in the PCs memory that is designed to hold a specific type of data. The highest address available within a data area. When designating an operand that requires multiple words, it is necessary to ensure that the highest address in the data area is not exceeded.
CONFIG.SYS constant
control bit
control data
control signal Control System
controlled system count pulse counter
CPU CTS CX-Programmer CX-Protocol CY cycle cycle time cyclic interrupt data area data area boundary
549
Glossary
data disk data length data link data link area data movement instruction data sharing data trace data transfer debug A floppy disk used to save user programs, DM area contents, comments, and other user data. In communications, the number of bits that is to be treated as one unit in data transmissions. An automatic data transmission operation that allows PCs or Units within PC to pass data back and forth via common data areas. A common data area established through a data link. An instruction used to move data from one location in memory to another. The data in the original memory location is left unchanged. The process in which common data areas or common data words are created between two or more PCs. A process in which changes in the contents of specific memory locations are recorded during program execution. Moving data from one memory location to another, either within the same device or between different devices connected via a communications line or network. A process by which a draft program is corrected until it operates as intended. Debugging includes both the removal of syntax errors, as well as the fine-tuning of timing and coordination of control operations. A number system where numbers are expressed to the base 10. In a PC all data is ultimately stored in binary form, four binary bits are often used to represent one decimal digit, via a system called binary-coded decimal. Decreasing a numeric value, usually by 1. A value automatically set by the PC when the user does not specifically set another value. Many devices will assume such default conditions upon the application of power. A number used as an operand for an instruction but that serves to define the instruction itself, rather that the data on which the instruction is to operate. Definers include jump numbers, subroutine numbers, etc. The location where an instruction places the data on which it is operating, as opposed to the location from which data is taken for use in the instruction. The location from which data is taken is called the source. An instruction that is executed only once each time its execution condition goes from OFF to ON. Non-differentiated instructions are executed for each scan as long as the execution condition stays ON. An instruction used to ensure that the operand bit is never turned ON for more than one scan after the execution condition goes either from OFF to ON for a Differentiate Up instruction or from ON to OFF for a Differentiate Down instruction. A unit of storage in memory that consists of four bits. An operand that is used to designate the digit or digits of a word to be used by an instruction. A rail designed to fit into grooves on various devices to allow the devices to be quickly and easily mounted to it. Dual in-line package switch, an array of pins in a single package that is mounted to a circuit board and is used to set operating parameters.
decimal
decrement default
definer
destination
differentiated instruction
differentiation instruction
digit digit designator DIN track DIP switch
550
Glossary
direct output distributed control A method in which program execution results are output immediately to eliminate the affects of the cycle time. A automation concept in which control of each portion of an automated system is located near the devices actually being controlled, i.e., control is decentralized and distributed over the system. Distributed control is a concept basic to PC Systems. A data area used to hold only word data. Words in the DM area cannot be accessed bit by bit. A word in the DM area. The process of transferring a program or data from a higher-level or host computer to a lower-level or slave computer. If a Programming Device is involved, the Programming Device is considered the host computer. Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory; a type of ROM in which stored data can be erased and reprogrammed. This is accomplished using a special control lead connected to the EEPROM chip and can be done without having to remove the EEPROM chip from the device in which it is mounted. Random variations of one or more electrical characteristics such as voltage, current, and data, which might interfere with the normal operation of a device. Erasable programmable read-only memory; a type of ROM in which stored data can be erased, by ultraviolet light or other means, and reprogrammed. A numeric code generated to indicate that an error exists, and something about the nature of the error. Some error codes are generated by the system; others are defined in the program by the operator. An area used to store records indicating the time and nature of errors that have occurred in the system. A communication setting that adjusts the number of ON bits so that it is always even. See parity. Processing that is performed in response to an event, e.g., an interrupt signal. A logic operation whereby the result is true if both of the premises are true or both of the premises are false. In ladder-diagram programming, the premises are usually the ON/OFF states of bits, or the logical combination of such states, called execution conditions. A logic operation whereby the result is true if one, and only one, of the premises is true. In ladder-diagram programming the premises are usually the ON/OFF states of bits, or the logical combination of such states, called execution conditions. The ON or OFF status under which an instruction is executed. The execution condition is determined by the logical combination of conditions on the same instruction line and up to the instruction currently being executed. The cycle used to execute all processes required by the CPU, including program execution, I/O refreshing, peripheral servicing, etc. The time required for the CPU to execute either an individual instruction or an entire program. A counter created in a program by using two or more count instructions in succession. Such a counter is capable of counting higher than any of the standard counters provided by the individual instructions.
DM area DM word downloading
EEPROM
electrical noise EPROM error code
Error Log Area even parity event processing exclusive NOR
exclusive OR
execution condition
execution cycle execution time extended counter
551
Glossary
extended timer A timer created in a program by using two or more timers in succession. Such a timer is capable of timing longer than any of the standard timers provided by the individual instructions. Factory automation. A general-purpose computer, usually quite similar to a business computer, that is used in automated factory control. An error generated from the user program by execution of an FAL(06) instruction. An error generated from the user program by execution of an FALS(07) instruction or an error generated by the system. An error that stops PC operation and requires correction before operation can continue. See frame checksum. A dedicated bit in memory that is set by the system to indicate some type of operating status. Some flags, such as the carry flag, can also be set by the operator or via the program. A bit that is programmed to turn ON and OFF at a specific frequency. A decimal number expressed as a number (the mantissa) multiplied by a power of 10, e.g., 0.538 x 105. The process of forcibly turning OFF a bit via a programming device. Bits are usually turned OFF as a result of program execution. The process of forcibly turning ON a bit via a programming device. Bits are usually turned ON as a result of program execution. The status of bits that have been force reset or force set. The results of exclusive ORing all data within a specified calculation range. The frame checksum can be calculated on both the sending and receiving end of a data transfer to confirm that data was transmitted correctly. A two-digit number used to input an instruction into the PC. An error originating in the hardware structure (electronic components) of the PC, as opposed to a software error, which originates in software (i.e., programs). A code in an instruction that specifies what the instruction is to do. A number system where all numbers are expressed to the base 16. In a PC all data is ultimately stored in binary form, however, displays and inputs on Programming Devices are often expressed in hexadecimal to simplify operation. Each group of four binary bits is numerically equivalent to one hexadecimal digit. A computer that is used to transfer data to or receive data from a PC in a Host Link system. The host computer is used for data management and overall system control. Host computers are generally small personal or business computers. An interface that allows communications with a host computer. An interface connecting a PC to a host computer to enable monitoring or program control from the host computer. A memory area that preserves bit status during power interrupts and used as work bits in programming.
FA factory computer FAL error FALS error fatal error FCS flag
flicker bit floating-point decimal force reset force set forced status frame checksum
function code hardware error header code hexadecimal
host computer
host interface host link HR area
552
Glossary
I/O bit I/O capacity A bit in memory used to hold I/O status. Input bits reflect the status of input terminals; output bits hold the status for output terminals. The number of inputs and outputs that a PC is able to handle. This number ranges from around one hundred for smaller PCs to two thousand for the largest ones. The delay in time from when a signal is sent to an output to when the status of the output is actually in effect, or the delay in time from when the status of an input changes until the signal indicating the change in the status is received. A device connected to the I/O terminals on I/O Units. I/O devices may be either part of the Control System, if they function to help control other devices, or they may be part of the controlled system. An interrupt generated by a signal from I/O. The place at which an input signal enters the PC System, or at which an output signal leaves the PC System. In physical terms, I/O points correspond to terminals or connector pins on a Unit; in terms of programming, an I/O points correspond to I/O bits in the IR area. The process of updating output status sent to external devices so that it agrees with the status of output bits held in memory, and of updating input bits in memory so that they agree with the status of inputs from external devices. The time required for an output signal to be sent from the PC in response to an input signal received from an external device. The Units in a PC that are physically connected to I/O devices to input and output signals. I/O Units include Input Units and Output Units, each of which is available in a range of specifications. A word in the IR area that is allocated to a Unit in the PC System and is used to hold I/O status for that Unit. A computer that has similar architecture to, that is logically compatible with, and that can run software designed for an IBM PC/AT computer. Increasing a numeric value, usually by 1. An address whose contents indicates another address. The contents of the second address will be used as the actual operand. An error that occurs either in hardware or software during the PC System startup, i.e., during initialization. Part of the startup process whereby some memory areas are cleared, system setup is checked, and default values are set. The signal coming from an external device into the PC. The term input is often used abstractly or collectively to refer to incoming signals. A bit in the IR area that is allocated to hold the status of an input. An external device that sends signals into the PC System. The point at which an input enters the PC System. Input points correspond physically to terminals or connector pins. A change in the status of a connection entering the PC. Generally an input signal is said to exist when, for example, a connection point goes from low to high voltage or from a nonconductive to a conductive state.
I/O delay
I/O device
I/O interrupt I/O point
I/O refreshing
I/O response time I/O Unit
I/O word IBM PC/AT or compatible increment indirect address initialization error initialize input input bit input device input point input signal
553
Glossary
instruction A direction given in the program that tells the PC of the action to be carried out, and the data to be used in carrying out the action. Instructions can be used to simply turn a bit ON or OFF, or they can perform much more complex actions, such as converting and/or transferring large blocks of data. A group of instructions that is logically related in a ladder-diagram program. A logic block includes all of the instruction lines that interconnect with each other from one or more lines connecting to the left bus bar to one or more right-hand instructions connecting to the right bus bar. The time required to execute an instruction. The execution time for any one instruction can vary with the execution conditions for the instruction and the operands used in it. A group of conditions that lie together on the same horizontal line of a ladder diagram. Instruction lines can branch apart or join together to form instruction blocks. Also called a rung. An interface is the conceptual boundary between systems or devices and usually involves changes in the way the communicated data is represented. Interface devices perform operations like changing the coding, format, or speed of the data. A programming method used to treat a number of instructions as a group so that the entire group can be reset together when individual execution is not required. An interlocked program section is executed normally for an ON execution condition and partially reset for an OFF execution condition. A signal that stops normal program execution and causes a subroutine to be run or other processing to take place. A program that is executed in response to an interrupt. See normally closed condition. An acronym for Japanese Industrial Standards. A type of programming where execution moves directly from one point in a program to another, without sequentially executing any instructions in between. A definer used with a jump that defines the points from and to which a jump is to be made. A form of program arising out of relay-based control systems that uses circuittype diagrams to represent the logic flow of programming instructions. The appearance of the program is similar to a ladder, and thus the name. A symbol used in drawing a ladder-diagram program. An instruction that represents the conditions on a ladder-diagram program. The other instructions in a ladder diagram fall along the right side of the diagram and are called terminal instructions. See rightmost (bit/word). Acronym for light-emitting diode; a device used for indicators or displays. The highest numbered bits of a group of bits, generally of an entire word, or the highest numbered words of a group of words. These bits/words are often called most-significant bits/words. A hardware or software connection formed between two Units. Link can refer either to a part of the physical connection between two Units or a software connection created to data existing at another location (i.e., data links).
instruction block
instruction execution time
instruction line
interface
interlock
interrupt (signal) interrupt program inverse condition JIS jump jump number ladder diagram (program)
ladder diagram symbol ladder instruction
least-significant (bit/word) LED leftmost (bit/word)
link
554
Glossary
load The processes of copying data either from an external device or from a storage area to an active portion of the system such as a display buffer. Also, an output device connected to the PC is called a load. A group of instructions that is logically related in a ladder-diagram program and that requires logic block instructions to relate it to other instructions or logic blocks. An instruction used to locally combine the execution condition resulting from a logic block with a current execution condition. The current execution condition could be the result of a single condition, or of another logic block. AND Load and OR Load are the two logic block instructions. Instructions used to logically combine the content of two words and output the logical results to a specified result word. The logic instructions combine all the same-numbered bits in the two words and output the result to the bit of the same number in the specified result word. A data area that is used in data links. All of a program except for subroutine and interrupt programs. A process in which changes in the contents of specific memory locations are recorded during program execution. A bit whose status has been temporarily made ineffective. Covering an interrupt signal so that the interrupt is not effective until the mask is removed. A unit of storage equal to one million bytes. Any of the areas in the PC used to hold data or programs. A number assigned to a message generated with the MESSAGE instruction. A form of a ladder-diagram program that consists of a sequential list of the instructions without using a ladder diagram. A mode of PC operation in which normal program execution is possible, and which allows modification of data held in memory. Used for monitoring or debugging the PC. See leftmost (bit/word). An input that is normally closed, i.e., the input signal is considered to be present when the circuit connected to the input opens. A delay set for a data trace in which recording data begins before the trace signal by a specified amount. Programming one loop within another loop, programming a call to a subroutine within another subroutine, or programming one jump within another. An input that is normally open, i.e., the input signal is considered to be present when the circuit connected to the input closes. Disturbances in signals caused by electrical noise. A hardware or software error that produces a warning but does not stop the PC from operating. See normally open condition.
logic block
logic block instruction
logic instruction
LR area main program mark trace masked bit masking megabyte memory area message number mnemonic code MONITOR mode
most-significant (bit/word) NC input negative delay nesting NO input noise interference nonfatal error normal condition
555
Glossary
normally closed condition normally open condition NOT A condition that produces an ON execution condition when the bit assigned to it is OFF, and an OFF execution condition when the bit assigned to it is ON. A condition that produces an ON execution condition when the bit assigned to it is ON, and an OFF execution condition when the bit assigned to it is OFF. A logic operation which inverts the status of the operand. For example, AND NOT indicates an AND operation with the opposite of the actual status of the operand bit. The status of an input or output when a signal is said not to be present. The OFF state is generally represented by a low voltage or by non-conductivity, but can be defined as the opposite of either. The delay between the time when a signal is switched OFF (e.g., by an input device or PC) and the time when the signal reaches a state readable as an OFF signal (i.e., as no signal) by a receiving party (e.g., output device or PC). A positive or negative value added to a base value such as an address to specify a desired value. The status of an input or output when a signal is said to be present. The ON state is generally represented by a high voltage or by conductivity, but can be defined as the opposite of either. The delay between the time when an ON signal is initiated (e.g., by an input device or PC) and the time when the signal reaches a state readable as an ON signal by a receiving party (e.g., output device or PC). A bit that is turned ON or OFF for a specified interval of time which is longer than one scan. See 1:1 link. The process of changing the program directly in the PC from a Programming Device. Online editing is possible in PROGRAM or MONITOR mode. In MONITOR mode, the program can actually be changed while it is being executed. The values designated as the data to be used for an instruction. An operand can be input as a constant expressing the actual numeric value to be used or as an address to express the location in memory of the data to be used. A bit designated as an operand for an instruction. A word designated as an operand for an instruction. One of three PC modes: PROGRAM mode, MONITOR mode, and RUN mode. An error that occurs during actual PC operation as opposed to an initialization error, which occurs before actual operations can begin. A logic operation whereby the result is true if either of two premises is true, or if both are true. In ladder-diagram programming the premises are usually ON/OFF states of bits or the logical combination of such states called execution conditions. The signal sent from the PC to an external device. The term output is often used abstractly or collectively to refer to outgoing signals. A bit in the IR area that is allocated to hold the status to be sent to an output device. An external device that receives signals from the PC System.
OFF
OFF delay
offset ON
ON delay
one-shot bit one-to-one link online edit
operand
operand bit operand word operating modes operating error OR
output output bit output device
556
Glossary
output point output signal The point at which an output leaves the PC System. Output points correspond physically to terminals or connector pins. A signal being sent to an external device. Generally an output signal is said to exist when, for example, a connection point goes from low to high voltage or from a nonconductive to a conductive state. The state where the capacity of a data storage location has been exceeded. Part of the processing performed by the CPU that includes general tasks required to operate the PC. Changing the content of a memory location so that the previous content is lost. Adjustment of the number of ON bits in a word or other unit of data so that the total is always an even number or always an odd number. Parity is generally used to check the accuracy of data after being transmitted by confirming that the number of ON bits is still even or still odd. Checking parity to ensure that transmitted data has not been corrupted. See Programmable Controller. The arrangement and interconnections of the Units that are put together to form a functional PC. With building-block PCs, all of the Units connected up to, but not including, the I/O devices. The boundaries of a PC System are the PC and the program in its CPU at the upper end; and the I/O Units at the lower end. See printed circuit board. A group of operating parameters set in the PC from a Programming Device to control PC operation. Devices connected to a PC System to aid in system operation. Peripheral devices include printers, programming devices, external storage media, etc. Processing signals to and from peripheral devices, including refreshing, communications processing, interrupts, etc. A connector on a PC or computer that serves as a connection to an external device. A delay set for a data trace in which recording data begins after the trace signal by a specified amount. A Unit that connected to a PC that provides power at the voltage required by the other Units. The current value registered in a device at any instant during its operation. Present value is abbreviated as PV. The use of this term is generally restricted to timers and counters. A board onto which electrical circuits are printed for mounting into a computer or electrical device. A mode of operation that allows inputting and debugging of programs to be carried out, but that does not permit normal execution of the program. A computerized device that can accept inputs from external devices and generate outputs to external devices according to a program held in memory. Programmable Controllers are used to automate control of external devices. Al-
overflow overseeing overwrite parity
parity check PC PC configuration PC System
PCB PC Setup Peripheral Device peripheral servicing port positive delay Power Supply Unit present value
printed circuit board PROGRAM mode Programmable Controller
557
Glossary
though single-unit Programmable Controllers are available, building-block Programmable Controllers are constructed from separate components. Such Programmable Controllers are formed only when enough of these separate components are assembled to form a functional assembly. programmed alarm programmed error programmed message Programming Console Programming Device An alarm given as a result of execution of an instruction designed to generate the alarm in the program, as opposed to one generated by the system. An error arising as a result of the execution of an instruction designed to generate the error in the program, as opposed to one generated by the system. A message generated as a result of execution of an instruction designed to generate the message in the program, as opposed to one generated by the system. The portable form of Programming Device for a PC. A Peripheral Device used to input a program into a PC or to alter or monitor a program already held in the PC. There are dedicated programming devices, such as Programming Consoles, and there are non-dedicated devices, such as a host computer. Programmable read-only memory; a type of ROM into which the program or data may be written after manufacture, by a customer, but which is fixed from that time on. A message or symbol that appears on a display to request input from the operator. The parameters and procedures that are standardized to enable two devices to communicate or to enable a programmer or operator to communicate with a device. See present value. Random access memory; a data storage media. RAM will not retain data when power is disconnected. An acronym for reliability, assurance, safety. A memory area from which the user can read status but to which data cannot be written. The process of updating output status sent to external devices so that it agrees with the status of output bits held in memory, and of updating input bits in memory so that they agree with the status of inputs from external devices. The forerunner of PCs. In relay-based control, groups of relays are interconnected to form control circuits. In a PC, these are replaced by programmable circuits. A bit that is not available for user application. A word in memory that is reserved for a special purpose and cannot be accessed by the user. The process of turning a bit or signal OFF or of changing the present value of a timer or counter to its set value or to zero. A code sent with the response to a data transmission that specifies how the transmitted data was processed. A format specifying the data required in a response to a data transmission. The time a device will wait for a response to a data transmission before assuming that an error has occurred.
PROM
prompt protocol
PV RAM RAS read-only area refresh
relay-based control
reserved bit reserved word reset response code response format response monitoring time
558
Glossary
Restart Bit result word retrieve A bit used to restart part of a PC. A word used to hold the results from the execution of an instruction. The processes of copying data either from an external device or from a storage area to an active portion of the system such as a display buffer. Also, an output device connected to the PC is called a load. The process whereby a device will re-transmit data which has resulted in an error message from the receiving device. The process by which instruction execution shifts from a subroutine back to the main program (usually the point from which the subroutine was called). A counter that can be both incremented and decremented depending on the specified conditions. A shift register that can shift data in either direction depending on the specified conditions. See terminal instruction. The lowest numbered bit of a group of bits, generally of an entire word, or the lowest numbered word of a group of words. This bit/word is often called the leastsignificant bit/word. The point where a signal actually changes from an OFF to an ON status. Read only memory; a type of digital storage that cannot be written to. A ROM chip is manufactured with its program or data already stored in it and can never be changed. However, the program or data can be read as many times as desired. A shift register in which the data moved out from one end is placed back into the shift register at the other end. An industry standard for serial communications. The operating mode used by the PC for normal control operations. See instruction line. The process used to execute a ladder-diagram program. The program is examined sequentially from start to finish and each instruction is executed in turn based on execution conditions. See cycle time. An interrupt that is automatically generated by the system at a specific time or program location specified by the operator. Scheduled interrupts result in the execution of specific subroutines that can be used for instructions that must be executed repeatedly at a specified interval of time. See subtract count input. See self-maintaining bit. A process whereby the system checks its own operation and generates a warning or error if an abnormality is discovered. A bit that is programmed to maintain either an OFF or ON status until set or reset by specified conditions. A wiring method in which Units are wired consecutively in a string.
retry return reversible counter reversible shift register right-hand instruction rightmost (bit/word)
rising edge ROM
rotate register RS-232C interface RUN mode rung scan
scan time scheduled interrupt
SCP seal self diagnosis self-maintaining bit series
559
Glossary
servicing set set value The process whereby the PC checks a connector or Unit to see if special processing is required. The process of turning a bit or signal ON. The value from which a decrementing counter starts counting down or to which an incrementing counter counts up (i.e., the maximum count), or the time from which or for which a timer starts timing. Set value is abbreviated SV. An input signal whose OFF to ON transition causes data to be shifted one bit. One or more words in which data is shifted a specified number of units to the right or left in bit, digit, or word units. In a rotate register, data shifted out one end is shifted back into the other end. In other shift registers, new data (either specified data, zero(s) or one(s)) is shifted into one end and the data shifted out at the other end is lost. A binary value that is stored in memory along with a bit that indicates whether the value is positive or negative. An error that originates in a software program. A means of protecting data from being changed that uses software as opposed to a physical switch or other hardware setting. The location from which data is taken for use in an instruction, as opposed to the location to which the result of an instruction is to be written. The latter is called the destination. An instruction input with a function code that handles data processing operations within ladder diagrams, as opposed to a basic instruction, which makes up the fundamental portion of a ladder diagram. A memory area containing flags and other bits/words with specific functions. See SYSMAC Support Software. The process of recording a program written into a display buffer permanently in memory. A group of instructions placed separate from the main program and executed only when called from the main program or activated by an interrupt. A definer used to identify the subroutine that a subroutine call or interrupt activates. An input signal used to decrement a counter when the signal changes from OFF to ON. See set value. The maximum voltage/current that a relay can safely switch on and off. Execution of programs and servicing operations in which program execution and servicing are synchronized so that all servicing operations are executed each time the programs are executed. The form of a program statement (as opposed to its meaning). An error in the way in which a program is written. Syntax errors can include spelling mistakes (i.e., a function code that does not exist), mistakes in specifying operands within acceptable parameters (e.g., specifying read-only bits as a destination), and mistakes in actual application of instructions (e.g., a call to a subroutine that does not exist).
shift input signal shift register
signed binary software error software protect source (word)
special instruction
SR area SSS store subroutine subroutine number subtract count input SV switching capacity synchronous execution
syntax syntax error
560
Glossary
SYSMAC Support Software system configuration A software package installed on a IBM PC/AT or compatible computer to function as a Programming Device. The arrangement in which Units in a System are connected. This term refers to the conceptual arrangement and wiring together of all the devices needed to comprise the System. An error generated by the system, as opposed to one resulting from execution of an instruction designed to generate an error. An error message generated by the system, as opposed to one resulting from execution of an instruction designed to generate a message. An instruction placed on the right side of a ladder diagram that uses the final execution conditions of an instruction line. A location in memory accessed through a TIM/CNT bit and used to time down from the timers set value. Timers are turned ON and reset according to their execution conditions. A data area used to store execution conditions so that they can be reloaded later for use with other instructions. A bit in the TR area. An operation whereby the program is executed and the resulting data is stored to enable step-by-step analysis and debugging. A memory area used to store the results of trace operations. The process of moving data from one location to another within the PC, or between the PC and external devices. When data is transferred, generally a copy of the data is sent to the destination, i.e., the content of the source of the transfer is not changed. The distance that a signal can be transmitted. A signal used to activate some process, e.g., the execution of a trace operation. An address in the program that defines the beginning point for tracing. The actual beginning point can be altered from the trigger by defining either a positive or negative delay. The memory area used to hold the active program, i.e., the program that is being currently executed. In OMRON PC terminology, the word Unit is capitalized to indicate any product sold for a PC System. Most of the names of these products end with the word Unit. A number assigned to some Units to facilitate identification when assigning words or other operating parameters. A bit whose status is effective. See masked bit. A binary value that is stored in memory without any indication of whether it is positive or negative. The process of transferring a program or data from a lower-level or slave computer to a higher-level or host computer. If a Programming Devices is involved, the Programming Device is considered the host computer. A timer within the system that ensures that the scan time stays within specified limits. When limits are reached, either warnings are given or PC operation is stopped depending on the particular limit that is reached.
system error system error message terminal instruction timer
TR area TR bit trace trace memory transfer
transmission distance trigger trigger address
UM area Unit
unit number unmasked bit unsigned binary uploading
watchdog timer
561
Glossary
WDT word See watchdog timer. A unit of data storage in memory that consists of 16 bits. All data areas consists of words. Some data areas can be accessed only by words; others, by either words or bits. The location in memory where a word of data is stored. A word address must specify (sometimes by default) the data area and the number of the word that is being addressed. A part of memory containing work words/bits. A bit in a work word. A word that can be used for data calculation or other manipulation in programming, i.e., a work space in memory. A large portion of the IR area is always reserved for work words. Parts of other areas not required for special purposes may also be used as work words. A switch used to write-protect the contents of a storage device, e.g., a floppy disk. If the hole on the upper left of a floppy disk is open, the information on this floppy disk cannot be altered. A state in which the contents of a storage device can be read but cannot be altered.
word address
work area work bit work word
write protect switch
write-protect
562
Index Numbers
1:1 Data Link, 136 1:1 NT Link, 136 1:N NT Link, 136 communication errors, 496 communications Host Link, 45 node number, 45 link NT Link, 51 one-to-one, 50 no-protocol, 47 one-to-one, 50 PC Setup, 43 wiring, 52 communications functions, 41 Communications Units, flags and Bits, 151, 523 comparison, starting comparison operation, 74, 123 compensation value, 123 constants, operands, 206 Controller Link System, instructions, 398 converting. See data, converting counters conditions when reset, 230, 232 creating extended timers, 231 reversible counters, 231 cycle monitor time, PC Setup settings, 16 cycle time calculating, 472 effects on operations, 472 processes, 472 cycle time (minimum), PC Setup settings, 13
A
absolute encoder inputs, specifications, 117 Absolute Encoder Interface Board, 115127 components, 117 configuration, 116 flags and bits, 118, 150, 158, 522, 529 functions, 116 high-speed counter interrupts, 119 installation, 116 settings, 10 absolute high-speed counter, reading status, 125 ACC(), 100, 109 ADBL(), 54 address tracing. See tracing, data tracing. Analog I/O Board, 129134 components, 131 flags and bits, 150, 523 installation, 130 settings, 11 specifications, 132 Analog Setting Board, 128129 components, 129 flags and bits, 149, 151, 521, 523 functions, 128 installation, 128 specifications, 129 applications, precautions, xvi AR area, 155 arithmetic flags, 53, 206 ASCII, converting data, 294, 295
D
data converting, radians and degrees, 353, 354 decrementing, 368 incrementing, 368 data tracing, 372398 DBS(), 54 DBSL(), 54 decrementing. See data
BC
bits, controlling, 218 check levels, program checks, 493 checksum, calculating frame checksum, 378 clock reading the clock, 162, 535 setting the clock, 162, 535
definers, definition, 205 degrees, converting degrees to radians, 353 differentiated instructions, 207 function codes, 205 DM area, 164 duty factor fixed, 99 pulse with variable duty factor , 394 variable, 111
563
Index
E
EC Directives, xx EM area, 165 end codes, 433435 EPROM ICs. See Memory Cassettes error codes, programming, 225 error log, 494 PC Setup settings, 16 error messages, programming, 374 errors 1:1 links, 51 communications, 496 fatal, 497 general, 492 non-fatal, 495 programming, 493 Programming Console operations, 492 programming messages, 374 resetting, 226 types, 492 user-defined errors, 494 execution condition, definition, 174 expansion instructions, 510 function codes, 207 exponents, 362
H
high-speed timers, PC Setup settings, 14 High-speed Counter Board, 5881 changing PV, 76 checking PV, 65 components, 59 configuration, 58 count frequencies, 6265, 73 count modes, 58, 63 counting modes, 62, 64, 73 flags and bits, 148, 149, 156, 520, 521, 528 functions, 58 installation, 59 instructions, 60 numeric ranges, 64 range comparison method, 6566 reading counter status, 69 reading PV, 75 related bits and flags, 6061 reset bits, 65 reset methods, 73 resetting counters, 62, 65, 91 settings, 9 PC Setup, 62 specifications, 6065 target value method, 6566 high-speed counters specifications, 84 stopping and restarting operation, 77 high-speed counters 1 and 2, counting modes (numeric ranges), 91
F
FAL area, 225 FAL(06), 494 FALS(07), 494 flags arithmetic, programming example, 274, 277 CY clearing, 310 setting, 310 error and arithmetic, 513 signed binary arithmetic, 513 floating-point data, 341 exponents, 362 floating-point math instructions, 340365 logarithms, 364 square roots, 361 Frame Check Sequence. See frames, FCS frame checksum, calculating with FCS(), 378 frames dividing See also host link precautions, 439 FCS, 439 function codes, 205 expansion instructions, 207, 208
hold bit status, PC Setup settings, 12 Host Link, 45, 136 command and response formats, 437 communications See also Host Link commands methods, 435 PC transmission, 440 procedures, 45, 435 data transfer, 436 dividing frames, 438 frame definition, 436 maximum size, 436 node number, 45 setting parameters, start and end codes, 47 Host Link commands **, 464 EX, 465 FK, 459 IC, 465 KC, 460 KR, 458 KS, 457 MF, 456 MM, 461 MS, 454 QQ, 462 R#, 449 R$, 450 R%, 451
564
Index
RC, 442 RD, 443 RE, 443 RG, 442 RH, 442 RJ, 444 RL, 441 RP, 462 RR, 441 SC, 455 TS, 461 W#, 452 W$, 452 W%, 453 WC, 446 WD, 447 WE, 448 WG, 446 WH, 445 WJ, 448 WL, 445 WP, 462 WR, 444 XZ, 464 HR area, 155 AND NOT, 176, 217 ANDW(34), 365 ASC(86), 294 ASFT(17), 261 ASIN(), 358 ASL(25), 256 ASR(26), 256 ATAN(), 360 AVG(), 334 BCD(24), 285 BCDL(59), 286 BCMP(68), 275 BCNT(67), 378 BIN(23), 284 BINL(58), 285 BSET(71), 265 CLC(41), 310 CMND(), 405 CMP(20), 273 CMPL(60), 277 CNT, 230 CNTR(12), 231 COLL(81), 268 COM(29), 365 COS(), 356 CPS(), 279 CPSL(), 280 CTBL(63), 237 CTW(), 305 DBS(), 54, 330 DBSL(), 54, 331 DEC(39), 368 DEG(), 354 DIFD(14), 194, 221229 using in interlocks, 223 using in jumps, 225 DIFU(13), 194, 221229 using in interlocks, 223 using in jumps, 225 DIST(80), 266 DIV(33), 314 DIVL(57), 319 DMPX(77), 289 DSW(87), 15, 420 DVB(53), 324 END(01), 179, 222 EXP(), 362 FAL(06), 225 FALS(07), 225 FCS(), 378 FIX(), 345 FIXL(), 346 FLT(), 347 FLTL(), 348 FPD(), 380 HEX(), 295 HKY(), 424 HTS(65), 303 IL(02), 190, 222224 ILC(03), 190, 222224 INC(38), 368 INI(61), 39, 100, 248 INT(89), 26, 384 IORF(97), 375 JME(05), 224
I
I/O bits, 140 I/O points, refreshing, 375 I/O refresh operations, types, 469 I/O response time See also timing one-to-one link communications, 486 I/O words, allocating, 140 incrementing, 368 indirect addressing, 206 INI(61), 39, 100 Inner Board, PC Setup settings, 8 input time constants, PC Setup settings, 13 installation, precautions, xvi instruction set, 507 +F(), 348 F(), 350 *F(), 351 /F(), 352 7SEG(88), 417 ACC(), 100, 109, 392 ACOS(), 359 ADB(50), 321 ADBL(), 54, 325 ADD(30), 310 ADDL(54), 315 AND, 176, 217 combining with OR, 177 AND LD, 179, 218 combining with OR LD, 182 use in logic blocks, 181
565
Index
JMP(04), 224 JMP(04) and JME(05), 192 KEEP(11), 220 in controlling bit status, 194 ladder instructions, 175 LD, 176, 217 LD NOT, 176, 217 LOG(), 364 MAX(), 332 MBS(), 54, 328 MBSL(), 54, 329 MCMP(19), 278 MCRO(99), 376 MIN(), 333 MLB(52), 323 MLPX(76), 287 MOV(21), 262 MOVB(82), 270 MOVD(83), 271 MSG(46), 374 MUL(32), 313 MULL(56), 318 MVN(22), 263 NEG(), 54, 307 NEGL(), 54, 308 NOP(00), 222 NOT, 173 operands, 172 OR, 177, 217 combining with AND, 177 OR LD, 180, 218 combining with AND LD, 182 use in logic blocks, 181 OR NOT, 177, 217 ORW(35), 366 OUT, 178, 218 OUT NOT, 178, 218 PID(), 397 PLS2(), 100, 108, 390 PMCR(), 415 PMW(), 111 PRV(62), 114, 124, 250 PULS(65), 100, 105, 385 PWM(), 394 RAD(), 353 RECV(98), 402 RESET, 193 RET(93), 17, 372 ROL(27), 257 ROOT(72), 320 ROR(28), 257 RSET, 219220 RXD(47), 408 SBB(51), 322 SBBL(), 54, 326 SBN(92), 372 SBS(91), 370 SCL(66), 298 SCL2(), 300 SCL3(), 301 SDEC(78), 291 SEND(90), 398 SET, 193, 219220 SFT(10), 254 SFTR(84), 259 SIN(), 355 SLD(74), 258 SNXT(09), 226 SPED(64), 39, 100, 105, 107, 387 SQRT(), 361 SRCH(), 395 SRD(75), 259 STC(40), 310 STEP(08), 226 STH(), 304 STIM(69), 28, 235 STUP(), 412 SUB(31), 311 SUBL(55), 317 SUM(), 335 TAN(), 357 TCMP(85), 274 terminology, 172 TIM, 229 TIMH(15), 232 TKY(18), 427 TRSM(45), 372 TTIM(), 234 TXD(48), 410 VCAL(), 337 WSFT(16), 255 WTC(), 306 XCHG(73), 266 XFER(70), 264 XFRB(), 272 XNRW(37), 367 XORW(36), 367 ZCP(), 282 ZCPL(), 283 instructions execution times, 473 expansion, 207 floating-point math instructions, 340365 instruction set lists, 212 mnemonics list, ladder, 213 right-hand instructions, coding multiple, 188 subroutines, 370 tables default, 209 user-set, 209 INT(89), 26 interlocks, 222224 using self-maintaining bits, 195 interrupt functions, 17 interrupt processing calculating response time, 489 masking, 489 timing, 488 interrupts absolute high-speed counters, programming, 123 control, 384 counter mode, 23 high-speed counter overflows and overflows, 38 programming, 34 high-speed counter 0, 29 overflows and overflows, 37
566
Index
high-speed counters 1 and 2, 90 input, parameters, 19 input interrupts, 19 interval timers, 27 scheduled interrupt mode, 28 masking, 26 setting modes, 23 types, 17 unmasking, 26 MBSL(), 54 memory areas AR area bits, 155, 527 DM area, 164 EM area, 165 flags, 152 flags and bits (SR area), 524 HR area, 155 IR area bits, 140 link bits, 163 structure, 138, 517 timer and counter bits, 163 TR bits, 155 work bits, 140 Memory Cassettes, 164 and program size, 166 automatic transfer at startup, 169 comparing contents, 169 contents, 166 reading data, 168 reading with peripherals, 168 required EPROMs, 166 storing DM and UM data, 165 types, 165 writing data, 168 messages, programming, 374 minimum cycle time, PC Setup settings, 13 mnemonic code, converting, 174193 momentary power interruption, 469 MSG(46), 494
JL
jump numbers, 224 jumps, 224225 ladder diagram branching, 188 IL(02) and ILC(03), 190 using TR bits, 189 combining logic blocks, 183 controlling bit status using DIFU(13) and DIFD(14), 194, 221229 using KEEP(11), 220221 using OUT and OUT NOT, 178 using SET and RESET, 193 using SET and RSET, 219220 converting to mnemonic code, 174193 display via CX-Programmer, 173 instructions combining, AND LD and OR LD, 182 controlling bit status
using KEEP(11), 194 using OUT and OUT NOT, 218

format, 205 notation, 205 structure, 173 using logic blocks, 179 ladder diagram instructions, 217218 logarithm, 364 logic block instructions, converting to mnemonic code, 179187 logic blocks. See ladder diagram
N
NEG(), 54 NEGL(), 54 nesting, subroutines, 371 no-protocol communications, 136 receiving, 48 transmitting, 48 normally open/closed condition, definition, 173 NOT, definition, 173
M
macro function, subroutines. See programming masking, interrupt processes, 489 mathematics See also trigonometric functions exponents, 362 floating-point addition, 348 floating-point division, 352 floating-point math instructions, 340365 floating-point multiplication, 351 floating-point subtraction, 350 logarithm, 364 square root, 361 MBS(), 54
NT Link, 51
O
one-to-one link communications I/O response timing, 486 link errors, 51 one-to-one link, 50 operand bit, 174 operands, 205 allowable designations, 205 requirements, 205 operating environment, precautions, xvi
567
Index
operations effects on cycle time, 472 internal processing, flowchart, 468 origin compensation, 123 output bit controlling ON/OFF time, 219 controlling status, 193, 195 output refresh method, PC Setup settings, 15 outputs, turning OFF, 496 installation, 83 interrupts, 81115 pulse input indicators, 84 pulse output indicators, 83 settings, 10 pulse inputs, flags and control bits, 84 pulse outputs determining status of ports 1 and 2, 114 fixed-duty-factor, 99 flags and control bits, 88 from ports 1 and 2, 99 functions, 99 variable-duty-factor, 111 PV CNTR(12), 231 timers and counters, 229
P
PC Setup. See settings peripheral port, servicing time, 13 peripheral port servicing time, PC Setup settings, 13 PLS2(), 100, 108 PMW(), 111 power interruptions momentary interruptions, 469 Programmable Controller, 469 power OFF processing, 469471 precautions, xiii applications, xvi general, xiv operating environment, xvi safety, xiv Program Memory, structure, 174 programming absolute high-speed counters, 123 errors, 493 high-speed counter 0, 34 high-speed counters 1 and 2, 94 instructions, 507 interrupts, 34, 94, 123 jumps, 192 macro function, subroutines, 376 precautions, 197 preparing data in data areas, 265 special features, 207 writing, 172 programs checking, check levels, 493 executing, 199 PROTOCOL MACRO instruction, 415 protocol macros, 136 PRV(62), 114, 124 PULS(65), 100, 105 Pulse I/O Board, 81115 configuration, 82 count modes, 81 flags and bits, 150, 157, 522, 528 indicators pulse inputs, 84 pulse outputs, 83
R
radians, converting radians to degrees, 354 response codes, 433435 RET(93), 17 right-hand instructions, coding. See instructions RS-232C port connecting Units, 50 control bits, 49 one-to-one link, 50 servicing time, 12 RS-232C port servicing time, PC Setup settings, 12
S
safety precautions. See precautions SBBL(), 54 Serial Communications Board, 134136 flags and bits, 147, 519 settings, 3, 8 serial communications functions, 41 serial communications modes 1:1 Data Link, 136 1:1 NT Link, 136 1:N NT Link, 136 Host Link, 136 no-protocol, 134, 136 protocol macro, 136 settings basic operations error log, 16 high-speed timers, 14 hold bit status, 12 input digits number, 15 startup mode, 11 changing, 2 communications, 41 Host Link, 45 no-protocol, 47
568
Index
PC Setup, 43 defaults, 2 expansion instructions, 209 high-speed counters 1 and 2, 94 I/O operations, 11 port servicing scan time, 12, 13 pulse output word, 40, 104, 112 Inner Board, 8 interrupts, 17 external sources, 19 parameters, 22 PC Setup settings, 48 pulse outputs, 38 seven-segment displays, converting data, 291 signed binary arithmetic flags, 513 signed binary data, 52 specifications absolute encoder inputs, 117 Analog I/O Board, 132 Analog Setting Board, 129 High-speed Counter Board, 60 high-speed counters, 84 pulse outputs, 86 SPED(64), 39, 100, 105, 107 square root, floating-point data, 361 SR area, 152 startup mode, PC Setup settings, 11 STIM(69), 28 subroutine number, 372 SV CNTR(12), 231 timers and counters, 229 SYSMAC WAY. See Host Link
T
TIM/CNT, timer/counter area, 163 TIM/CNT numbers, 228 time reading the time, 162, 535 setting the time, 162, 535 timer/counter area, 163 timers, conditions when reset, 229, 233 TTIM(), 234 timing basic instructions, 474 cycle time, 472 I/O response time, 485 instruction execution. See instruction interrupt processing, 488 special instructions, 474 TR area, 155 TR bits, use in branching, 189 tracing. See See data tracing and address tracing. trigonometric functions arc cosine, 359 arc sine, 358 arc tangent, 360 converting degrees to radians, 353 converting radians to degrees, 354 cosine, 356 sine, 355 tangent, 357 troubleshooting, 491 flowcharts, 499
569
Revision History
A manual revision code appears as a suffix to the catalog number on the front cover of the manual.
Cat. No. W364-E1-2

Revision code The following table outlines the changes made to the manual during each revision. Page numbers refer to the previous version.
Revision code 1 2 Date September 1999 May 2000 Revised content Original production Minor changes and additions made as follows: Page 42: Added precautionary description on changing modes when PT is connected. Page 129: LED indicators graphic corrected. Page 131: Data format corrected to Hex in top table, amperage range added to bottom table, sentence added to bottom of page. Pages 140 and 141: I/O allocation examples reworked. Page 146 : Added information on new Temperature Control Units. Page 195: New section added on indirect addressing. Pages 225, 229, and 230: Note added on set values. Pages 245 and 285: Note added on stopping pulse outputs. Page 246: Port specifier values corrected. Pages 396, 399, and 402: @ added to programming example instruction. Page 478: *EM removed from PMCR. Page 491: I/O BUS ERR description expanded. Pages 513 and 514: Echoback flags and bits added. Page 529: Table added on clock accuracy.
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SYSMAC CQM1H Series

CQM1H-CPUjj Programmable Controllers CQM1H-jjjjj Inner Boards Programming Manual

OMRON Product References

SECTION 1 PC Setup and Other Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION 2 Inner Boards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION 3 Memory Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION 4 Ladder-diagram Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION 6 Host Link Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECTION 7 CPU Unit Operation and Processing Time . . . . . . . . . . .

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

547 563 571

About this Manual:

Operating Environment Precautions

Relay Output Noise Reduction Methods

Conformance to EC Directives Countermeasures

SECTION 1 PC Setup and Other Features

1-1-1 Changing the PC Setup

Errors in the PC Setup

Flag(s) AR 2400 AR 2401 AR 2402 AR 0400 to AR 0407

1-1-2 Serial Communications Board Settings

DM 6551 (port 2) DM 6556 (port 1)

DM 6552 (port 2) DM 6557 (port 1) DM 6553 (port 2) DM 6558 (port 1)

DM 6554 (port 2) DM 6559 (port 1)

1-1-3 PC Setup Settings

DM 6630 DM 6631 DM 6632 DM 6633 DM 6634 DM 6635

15, 469 15, 420

Inner Board Settings

Inner Board Settings

1-2-1 Settings for a Serial Communications Board

Inner Board Settings

1-2-2 Settings for a High-speed Counter Board

09 to 15 DM 6640 00 to 03 (Slot 1) 04 to 07 DM 6643 (Slot 2) 08 to 11 12 to 15

DM 6641 00 to 03 (Slot 1) 04 to 07 DM 6644 (Slot 2) 08 to 11 12 to 15

Inner Board Settings

1-2-3 Settings for a Pulse I/O Board

1-2-4 Settings for an Absolute Encoder Interface Board

Basic PC Operation and I/O Processes

1-2-5 Settings for an Analog I/O Board

Basic PC Operation and I/O Processes

1-3-1 Startup Mode

Pin 7 of the CPU Units DIP switch OFF ON OFF ON OFF ON

Basic PC Operation and I/O Processes

1-3-2 Hold Bit Status

1-3-3 RS-232C Port Servicing Time

Basic PC Operation and I/O Processes

1-3-4 Peripheral Port Servicing Time

1-3-5 Minimum Cycle Time

1-3-6 Input Time Constants

Basic PC Operation and I/O Processes

Input Time Constants for IR 002 to IR 015

Bit 15 DM 6621 to DM 6627

1-3-7 High-speed Timers

Basic PC Operation and I/O Processes

1-3-8 DSW(87) Input Digits and Output Refresh Method

1-3-9 Peripheral Port Settings

Pin 5 Pin 7 OFF OFF Ignored OFF ON 0000

10jj Ignored Ignored

Basic PC Operation and I/O Processes

1-3-10 Error Log Settings

Error Detection and Error Log Operation (DM 6655)

1-4-1 Types of Interrupts

Interval timer interrupts

High-speed counter 0 interrupt