Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Pernicious Anemia
Pernicious Anemia
PRESENTED BY:
(GROUP 4) JOSEPHINE RABANG CHRISTIAN XAVIER PAAT GERLIE OBRERO SHERYL RAYRAY
ANEMIA
is a condition in which the
body does not have a sufficient number of red blood cells or hemoglobin.
Hemoglobin
is present within red blood cells
Indicative of anemia
Males: hemoglobin less than 13.5
gram/100ml
Females: hemoglobin level less
Pernicious Anemia
Pernicious is a term that means
destructive, injurious, deadly. Pernicious Anemia is due to an inability to absorb vitamin B-12 and due to lack of intrinsic factor (IF) in the gastric mucosa
Intrinsic factor
also known as gastric intrinsic
factor (GIF) is a glycoprotein produced by the parietal cells of the stomach. It is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B-12 later on in the small intestine.
Risk Factors
Caucasians of Northern Europe an ancestry and African decent than in other racial groups.
Older people also are at higher
condition Have a part or all of your stomach surgically removed Have an autoimmune disorder that involves the endocrine glands(Addisons disease, Type1 Diabetes, Graves disease, or vitiligo)
intestine surgically removed (Small bowel resection) Disorders that may prevent your body from properly absorbing vitamin B12.Examples include Crohns disease, intestinal infection, and HIV.
your body from properly absorbing vitamin B12 Are a strict vegetarian
Causes
be an autoimmune disease, in which the bodys own immune system mistakenly damages its own tissues. another autoimmune reaction against the stomach lining cells also occurs, resulting in a form of inflammation known as chronic atrophic gastritis
Sometimes associated with other autoimmune disease such as : Gravess disease Hashimotos thyroiditis Vitiligo.
Graves Disease
Vitiligo
Clumsiness
Impaired memory Personality changes/Mood
affected than the arms Spasticity Pale skin Heart murmurs paraplegia fecal and urinary incontinence shiny or smooth tongue
Dizziness
Weakness
Diagnosis
CBC
antibodies to intrinsic factor or stomach lining cells Blood levels of iron and ironbinding capacity
Folate levels
acid oromocysteine The Schilling test Bone marrow aspiration or Bone marrow biopsy
Treatment
Replenishing the vitB-12 supply in the body
followed by 1mg every week for 4 weeks and then 1mg every month thereafter. High-dose oral vitB-12 (1-2 miligrams/day) Nasal spray(under investigation) Sublingual(under investigation)