Shell Higher Olefins Process Class Presentation
Shell Higher Olefins Process Class Presentation
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ECHE 430
2/4/2014
ECHE 430
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ECHE 430
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Process Overview
B. Reuben
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Process Overview
Oligomerization:
Isomerization:
Metathesis:
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Oligomerization
Oligomer Complex consisting of a few monomers Catalyst Nickel complex Ethylene oligomerized into even -olefins
Desired olefins recovered by distillation Non-marketable olefins sent to isomerization
(usually small (< C6) and large (> C18) olefins)
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Ligands added
Coordination Complex
Oligomerization Mechanism
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Ethylene reacts
Isomerization
Smaller and larger -olefins isomerized to form internal double bonds Catalyst Na/K on Al2O3
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Metathesis
Metathesis is defined as a catalytic reaction in which alkenes are converted into products by breaking and reforming C-C double bonds.
Phillips Petroleum developed a unique reaction called olefin metathesis. Originally developed to convert cheap propylene into high value ethylene and 2-butene.
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Internal Olefins
The internal olefins pass to the metathesis reactor where the short- and long-chain internal olefins disproportionate.
After this the products of the metathesis reaction are fed to the fractionating column to separate desired C10-14 olefins for hydroformulation.
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References
Shell Higher Olefins Process, E.F. Lutz, Shell Development Company, Journal of Chemical Education, 63 (3) p. 202, 1986. The SHOP process: An example of industrial creativity, Bryan Reuben and Harold Wittcoff, Journal of Chemical Education, 65 (7) p. 605, 1988. Developments in LAO Comonomer Technologies for Polyethylene, Nexant, Inc., http://www.chemsystems.com/about/cs/news/items/PERP2011 S11_LAOr.cfm
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