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  • Madeleine Leininger: Culture Care Diversity and Universality Theory

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    Madeleine Leininger developed the Culture Care Diversity and Universality Theory, which focuses on understanding a person's culture in order to provide culturally congruent nursing care. She defined culture as a group's values, beliefs, and practices that guide thinking and actions. Leininger believed that while cultures exhibit diversity, they also share some universal elements of care. Her theory aims to identify ways for nurses to provide culturally appropriate care through three modes of action: culture care preservation, accommodation, and restructuring.

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    Madeleine Leininger developed the Culture Care Diversity and Universality Theory, which focuses on understanding a person's culture in order to provide culturally congruent nursing care. She defined culture as a group's values, beliefs, and practices that guide thinking and actions. Leininger believed that while cultures exhibit diversity, they also share some universal elements of care. Her theory aims to identify ways for nurses to provide culturally appropriate care through three modes of action: culture care preservation, accommodation, and restructuring.

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    118 views23 pages

    Madeleine Leininger: Culture Care Diversity and Universality Theory

    Uploaded by

    Mark Torres Aguilar
    Madeleine Leininger developed the Culture Care Diversity and Universality Theory, which focuses on understanding a person's culture in order to provide culturally congruent nursing care. She defined culture as a group's values, beliefs, and practices that guide thinking and actions. Leininger believed that while cultures exhibit diversity, they also share some universal elements of care. Her theory aims to identify ways for nurses to provide culturally appropriate care through three modes of action: culture care preservation, accommodation, and restructuring.

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    of 23

    Madeleine

    Leininger
    Culture Care Diversity and
    Universality Theory
    By: JOHN MARK B. POCSIDIO, RN

    Madeleine Leininger
    1948 - Diploma in Nursing from from St.
    Anthonys School of Nursing, Denver
    1950 - BS in Biological Science from
    Benedictine College, Atchison, Kansas
    1953 - MSN from Catholic University,
    Washington, D.C.
    1965 - Ph.D. in Anthropology from U of Seattle
    1966 - offered first course in transcultural
    nursing at the U of Colorado
    A major contributor to other schools in
    transcultural nursing curriculum

    Madeleine Leininger
    Developed her theory, Culture Care
    Diversity and Universality from a
    combination of anthropology & nursing beliefs
    & principles
    1985 - first published her theory in Nursing
    Science Quarterly
    1988 - further explained her theory in same
    journal
    1991 - published her book Culture Care
    Diversity and Universality: A Theory of
    Nursing

    Leiningers Definition of
    Theory
    Defines theory differently from other nursing
    theorists
    Theory is a systematic and creative way to
    discover knowledge about something or to
    account for some vaguely know phenomenon
    Nursing theory must take into account the
    cultural beliefs, caring, behaviors, and values
    of individuals, families, and groups to provide
    effective, satisfying, and culturally congruent
    nursing care

    Major Concepts in
    Leiningers Theory:

    Culture
    Cultural values
    Culturally diverse nursing care
    Ethnocentrism
    Generalization
    Stereotype
    Cultural congruence
    Ethno-nursing, Transcultural nursing

    Culture Care Diversity


    and Universality Theory
    Based on transcultural nursing model
    Transcultural nursing: a learned branch of
    nursing that focuses on the comparative
    study & analysis of cultures as they apply to
    nursing and health-illness practices, beliefs,
    and values
    Goal of Transcultural Nursing: to provide
    care that is congruent with cultural values,
    beliefs, and practices

    Culture Care Diversity


    and Universality Theory
    Cultures exhibit both diversity and universality
    Diversity - perceiving, knowing, and
    practicing care in different ways
    Universality - commonalities of care
    Fundamental Theory Aspects - culture,
    care, cultural care, world view, folk health or
    well-being systems
    Sunrise Model - illustrates the major
    components of Leiningers theory

    Theorys Purpose & Goal


    Purpose: to explicate transcultural
    nursing knowledge and practice
    Goal: to identify ways to provide
    culturally congruent nursing care to
    people of diverse or similar cultures

    Culture
    Described as a groups values, beliefs,
    norms, and life practices that are learned,
    shared, and handed-down
    Guides thinking, decisions, and actions in
    specific ways
    Provides the basis for cultural values, which
    identify ways of thinking or acting
    These values are usually held for a long
    time and help guide decision-making in the
    culture

    Care
    Refers to assisting, supporting, or enabling
    behaviors that ease or improve a persons
    condition
    Is essential for a persons survival,
    development, and ability to deal with lifes
    events
    Has different meanings in different cultures
    which can be determined by examining the
    groups view of the world, social structure,
    and language

    Culture Care
    Refers to the values & beliefs that assist,
    support, or enable another person or group
    to maintain well-being, improve personal
    condition, or face death or disability
    Is universal, but the actions, expressions,
    patterns, lifestyles, and meanings of care
    may be different
    Knowledge of cultural diversity is essential
    for nursing to provide appropriate care to
    clients, families, and communities

    Culture Care
    Diverse Care: different meanings,
    patterns, values, beliefs or symbols of
    care indicative of health for a specific
    culture (such a role of sick person)
    Universal Care: commonalities or
    similarities in meanings, patterns,
    values, beliefs, or symbols of care
    between different cultures

    World View
    Refers to the outlook of a person or group
    based on a view of the world or universe
    Consists of social structure and
    environmental context
    Social Structure: organizational factors of a
    particular culture (e.g., religion, economics,
    education), and how these factors give
    meaning and order to the culture
    Environmental Context: any event,
    situation, or experience that give meaning to
    human expressions

    Folk Health or Well-being


    Systems
    Refers to care or care practices that
    have a special meaning in the culture
    These practices are used to heal or
    assist people in the home or community
    Are supplemented by professional
    health systems that operate in cultures

    Person
    Is referred to as a human being
    Is caring and capable of being
    concerned about others

    Environment
    Not specifically defined by Leininger
    The concepts of world view, social
    structure, and environmental context
    are discussed
    Is closely related to the concept of
    culture

    Health
    Is viewed as a state of well-being
    Is culturally defined, valued, & practiced
    Reflects the ability of individuals to
    perform their daily roles
    Includes health systems, health care
    practices, health patterns, and health
    promotion & maintenance
    Is universal across all cultures yet
    defined differently by each to reflect its
    specific values & beliefs

    Nursing
    Is defined as a learned humanistic art &
    science that focuses on personalized
    behaviors, functions, processes to
    promote and maintain health or recovery
    from illness
    Has physical, psycho-cultural, and social
    significance for those being assisted
    Uses 3 modes of action to deliver care

    3 Modes of Nursing Action


    1. Culture care preservation or
    maintenance
    2. Culture care accommodation or
    negotiation
    3. Culture care restructuring or
    repatterning

    Nursing
    Uses the Sunrise Model when caring
    for clients
    4 Levels

    Requires understanding of values,


    beliefs, and practices of a clients
    culture

    Nursings Metaparadigm
    Through Leiningers Eyes:
    Humanistic care
    Environmental context
    Holistic, transcultural caring

    Source: Susan Loushin & Char Martins, Augsburg Nursing program

    Points to Remember

    Was the founder of transcultural nursing


    Cultural care can be both diverse & universal
    3 modes of nursing actions
    Sunrise Model depicts the inter-relationships
    of Culture Care Diversity and Universality
    Theory
    Humans are caring and capable of being
    concerned about the needs, well-being, and
    survival of others
    Nursing actions must be culture-specific

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