Piping Fundamentals:: M.N.Raghu
Piping Fundamentals:: M.N.Raghu
M.N.Raghu
Piping Components
PIPE:
It is a Tubular item made of metal, plastic, glass etc. meant for
conveying Liquid, Gas or any thing that flows.
It is a very important component for any industrial plant. And its
engineering plays a major part in overall engineering of a Plant.
PIPING:
The term Piping means not only pipe but also includes
components like fittings, flanges, valves, bolts, gaskets, bellows
etc.
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TERMINAL CONNECTIONS.
STRAINER
JOINT
Not
Preferable
Preferable
Should not hinder any normal passage way. Also should not encroach any
equipment maintenance space.
Valves, strainers, instruments on the pipe should be easily accessible.
To ensure that there is no air-trap in the pipeline, a VENT connection with Valve
is provided at the top most point of the pipeline.
A DRAIN connection with Valve is provided at the lowest point of the pipeline
for liquid drain from pipeline.
Pipes are also slopped towards low points.
Let us look
into typical
Vent and
Drain
arrangement
in a pipeline
Pipe Material Selection - to select appropriate pipe material based on flowing fluid property.
Find out type
of Fluid
flowing
Find out
Fluid Temp.
& Pressure
Check Pipe
life
Expectancy
Select suitable
Material per
practice (Note-1)
Check Mat.
Listed in
Design Code
YES
Pipe
Material
OK
NO
See Note-1
Pipe Sizing Calculation - to select required pipe diameter based on velocity and pressure drop.
Find out
Flow volume
per second
Check Velocity
Allowable per
second
Calc. Press.
Drop for that
Pipe size
Pipe
Size
OK
NO
Increase
Pipe Size
Pipe Thickness Selection - to select appropriate pipe thickness based on flowing fluid property
Select Mat.
& Diameter
as above
Find out
Fluid Temp.
& Pressure
Decide on
Corrosion
allowance
Calc. Pipe
Thickness per
Code
We have just completed a pipe line design. How Piping design is done in
practice?
Determine the Flow scheme:
1) What,
2) From what point,
3) To which point
Selection of Pipe material, Pipe sizes and Pipe wall thickness are selected.
Selection of suitable Valves and fittings wrt functions required
Instrumentation required
All of the above are represented in a drawing which is called Piping and
Instrumentation Drawing, in short P&ID. This drawing contains all the
information about a pipe like, Pipe size, Flowing Fluid, etc.
After the P&ID is ready, the layout work, pipe routing / layout is generally
done in a Virtual 3D environment using a customised software. This is called
as Piping modeling or Physical design.
3D drawing of a Typical piping system
Piping Example
Piping Example
Piping Example
Any Questions?
Thanks,
M.N.Raghu
www.bflhydro.com