Muscles of Facial Expression
Muscles of Facial Expression
Muscles of Facial Expression
Expression
Dr. Sriharsha Vadapalli
PG Student
Dept. of Prosthodontics
Over view
Introduction
Classification
Individual muscles
Clinical significance.
INTRODUCTION
The facial muscles are in the subcutaneous tissue
of anterior and posterior scalp, face, and neck.
Most muscles attach to bone on one side and soft
tissue on another side, and produce their effects
by pulling the skin.
One of the greatest early workers in muscle
physiology(1806-1875) is Duchenne, he wrote a
book called physiology of motion in French. In
1949 E.B. KAPLAN translated it into English.
Detailed and extensive studies on these muscles
done by Huber(1931) and Lightoller(1925).
Primary functions:
Regulate the size of the apertures.
Expression of emotions.
Articulation for speech.
Nerve Supply:
Sensory nerve- Trigeminal nerve.
Motor nerve - Facial nerve. The
branches are,
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Marginal mandibular
cervical
Venous supply:
1) Facial vein
2) Retromandibular vein
3) Supratrochlear vein.
4) Supraorbital vein.
5) Tributaries of superficial temporal vein.
6) Tributaries of pterygoid plexus of veins.
(Infraorbital, Buccal, and Mental veins)
Lymphatics:
Preauricular lymph nodes.
Submandibular lymph nodes.
Submental lymph nodes.
Classification:
Muscles of Scalp, Forehead, Eyebrows, Nose and opening of the Eye: (7)
Occipito Frontalis.
Frontal belly:
Origin: Epicranial aponeurosis
Insertion: Skin and sub cutaneous tissue of eyebrows and fore
head.
Action: Elevates the eyebrows and wrinkles the skin of fore
head, protracts the scalp.
(Surprise and Curiosity)
Occipital belly:
Origin: Lateral2/3rds of superior Nuchal line
Insertion: Epicranial Aponeurosis.
Corrugator Supercilii:
Origin: Medial end of Superciliary Arch.
Insertion: Skin superior to mid supraorbital margin and
superciliary arch.
Action: Draws eye brows medially and inferiorly, creating
vertical wrinkles above nose.
(Demonstrating concern and worry)
4..Procerus:
Origin: Fascia covering the nasal bone.
Insertion: Skin between Eyebrows
Action: Depresses medial end of eyebrow,
acts during Frowning
5.Nasalis:
Origin Anterior surface of maxilla near nasal
notch
Insertion: into the alar cartilage and continues
over the bridge of the nose with opposite muscle.
Action: - Compress the nasal aperture below the
bridge of the nose.
-Alar part dilates the anterior nasal
aperture.
6. Depressor Septii:
Origin: Incisive fossa on the anterior
surface of the maxilla.
Insertion: Nasal septum
Action: Dilatation of anterior nasal
aperture
7. Orbicularis Occulii:
it has 3 parts. Palpebral,
Orbital, Lacrimal.
Origin: Medial Palpebral ligament, adjoining
frontal bone, and frontal process of maxilla,
lacrimal fascia and crest of lacrimal bone.
Insertion: subcutaneous tissue of eyebrow,
Lateral Palpebral raphae.
Action: it causes closure of eyelids both
voluntarily or while blinking.
-Aids in transport of lacrimal fluid by dilating
lacrimal sac.
11.Zygomaticus Major:
Origin: Zygomatic Bone
Insertion: Angle of the mouth.
Action: Pulls the angle of the mouth upwards and
laterally.
12.Zygomaticus Minor:
Origin: Zygomatic Bone
Insertion: Skin of upper lip in lateral part.
Action: -Elevates and Everts the upper lip,Increases Nasiolabial furrow.
15.Risorius:
Origin: Parotid Fascia.
Insertion: Angle of the Mouth.
Action: Pulls angle of mouth downwards and
laterally.
16.Mentalis:
17.Platysma:
Origin: Fascia over the anterior surface of deltoid
and pectoralis major up to 2nd rib
Insertion: Lower border of body of mandible, and
few fibers to angle of mouth.
Action: Depresses the mandible and pulls the
angle of the mouth downwards
and laterally.
Its contraction mainly aids in venous return.
18.Buccinator:
Main muscle of entire cheek.
It is covered by Buccopharyngeal membrane.
It is not a muscle of facial expression.
It does not possess the facial-sheath.
- participates in deglutition.
Zygomaticus,
Quadrates Labii Superioris,
caninus or Levator angulii oris,
Mentalis,
Quadrates Labii Inferioris,
Triangularis or Depressor Anguli oris,
Buccinator and
Risorius.
Muscles involved
Surprise
-Frontalis
-Procerus
Frowning
-Corrugator Supercilii
Anger
-Dilator naris
-Depressor Septii
Laughing, Smiling
Zygomaticus major
Sadness
Grinning
Risorius
Disdain/Doubt
Mentalis
Whistling
Buccinator
Summary
All the muscles of facial expression
are developed from single bronchial
arch, thus they share single nerve
and blood supply.
Each muscle has got its own
importance.
Knowing the prosthodontic
significance of these muscles help us
in daily practice.
Bibliography:
B.D. Chaurasias human anatomy 3rd
edition.
Essentials of complete denture
Prosthodontics Sheldon Winkler ,Second
Edition.
Complete denture Prosthodontics, John .J.
sharry, third edition.
Text book of complete denture, Rahn, fifth
Edition.
Prosthodontic treatment for edentulous
patient, Zarb-Bolender, 12th Edition.