Experience Human Development 12th Edition: Diane E. Papalia
Experience Human Development 12th Edition: Diane E. Papalia
12th Edition
Diane E. Papalia
Chapter 1
Formal Study of
Human Development
Development is systematic
Development is adaptive
Development is lifelong (i.e., life-span development)
Four Goals of
Developmental Psychology
Describe
Example: When do
children say their first
words?
Explain
Example: How do children
learn to use language?
Predict
Example: Will delayed
language development
affect speech?
Modify
Example: Can therapy
help speech delays?
2012 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Domains of Development
Change & Stability
Physical
Development
Cognitive
Development
Psychosocial
Development
ConceptionBirth
Birth3 years
Early Childhood
36 years
Middle Childhood
611 years
Adolescence
1120 years
Young Adulthood
2040 years
Middle Adulthood
4065 years
Late Adulthood
Influences on Development
Individuals vary in rate and timing of
development due to:
o
is a family? Depends!
Great changes
Over time
Place to place
Nuclear Family
Two generations: parents and children
Working parents
Stepchildren
Gay/lesbian homes
Single parents
Extended Family
A multigenerational
kinship
Contexts of Development:
Socioeconomic Status (SES)
Includes
Risk Increase
1.6 times
1.8 times
2.8 times
2.7 times
2 times
3.5 times
2012 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc
Contexts of Development:
Culture
Culture
A way of life
Includes:
Customs
Traditions
Artwork
Contexts of Development:
Race & Ethnicity
Ethnic Group A shared identity
United by ancestry, religion, or origin
Contributes to shared attitudes and beliefs
Race A socially constructed term
Scholars have no real consensus on definition
Categories fluid shaped by society and politics
Ethnic Gloss
Overgeneralization that obscures cultural
differences within a group
Examples: Black or Hispanic
Contexts of Development:
Historical Context
Unique
up
Experiences tied to time and place:
Great Depression
World War II
The 60s
Age-Graded
Normative Influences
Similar
Normative
History-Graded Influences
Events
Non-Normative Influences
Unusual
Timing of Influences
Imprinting
Timing of Influences:
Critical & Sensitive Periods
Critical Period
Specific
Sensitive Period
Developmental
Timing of Influences:
Plasticity of Development
Modifiability of performance
Plasticity
Development is lifelong
Development is multidimensional
Development is multidirectional
Development involves changing resource
allocations
Development shows plasticity
Development is influenced by the historical and
cultural context
2012 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc