MEC 3766 Present#8 & #9
MEC 3766 Present#8 & #9
MEC 3766 Present#8 & #9
TRACK ARROW:
Each time a track is chosen on the
selector, the area around the VOR
station is divided into halves or
envelopes.
The CDI shows the pilot in which of
these two envelopes the aircraft is
located.
If the aircraft is flying along the track
line, the CDI is centered.
If the aircraft flies to the left of the track
arrow (as in position A), the CDI swings
to the right.
If the aircraft moves to the right of the
track arrow, (position B), the CDI swings
to the left.
REFERENCE LINE:
When the pilot selects a track, the
position of another line is established, a
reference line perpendicular to the
track arrow and intersecting it at the
station.
The reference line divides the VOR
reception area into two additional
sectors.
The area forward of the reference line is
the FROM envelope and the area to the
rear of the reference line is the TO
envelope.
The TO-FROM indicator shows in which
envelope the aircraft is located.
5
In the To-From Envelopes figure, above,
out to 25 NM
out to 40 NM
out to 40 NM
out to 100 NM
out to 130 NM
JAX
o ROM
170 F
175o TO
an example:
Trip from Jacksonville International
(JAX) to Tampa International Airport
(TPA), via Ormond Beach (OMN).
Saint
FROM
or
Augie
211 o
Intersection areas:
Saint Augustine
(SAWGY).
? (JENSN)
OMN
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TO
JENSN
TPA
10
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12
2 x 1852 m
T
12.35s
8
3x10 m / s
The time difference (delay) between interrogation
and reply is T0 microsecond.
The distance formula is used by the DME receiver to calculate the
distance from the DME station
t T0
12.35s
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INTERROGATION
REPLY
t 5 x 12.35s T0
if T0 = 50 microsecond.
t 111.75s
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GRI 2
GRI 1
Overlap 2 LORAN-C
Chain:
NOCUS GRI 8290 and SOCUS GRI 9610, how often will the two
overlap?
N 961 ; M 829
T 79.7second
The chains overlap about every 80 seconds
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GRI 2
GRI 1
If the aircraft at this area before the period of overlap, no signal on LORAN indicator.
BLINKING area
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