Fundamentals of Law and Legal Systems
Fundamentals of Law and Legal Systems
Contents
Law and Legal Systems
Indian Legal System
Constitution as a framework for Indian
Legal System
Fundamental Rights and Freedoms
Constitutional Remedies
Hierarchy of Laws and Courts
Apartheid?
Nuremberg trial: crime against humanity!
Product Objectives:
23 months to roll-out (not 45)
1. True Subcompact : Size & Weight
2. Low Cost of Ownership
Initial price, Fuel consumption, Reliability
Serviceability
3. Clear Product Superiority
Appearance, Comfort, Features, Ride and Handling,
Performance
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PAI5T8UecEY
Gas Tank
Behind Rear-Axle Tank
Pros:
Con:
Over-the-axle-tank
Pro: Performed well in rear-end collisions
Cons:
Long round-about filler pipe
Closer to passengers in back seat
Higher center of gravity
Reduced trunk space
Savings:
Total Benefit
Unit Cost
$137.5 million
$49.5 Million
Difference $ 88.0 mil
Sales
11 million cars, 1.5
million light trucks
Unit Cost
$11 per car, $11 per
truck
Total Cost
12.5 million X $11 =
$137.5 million
Richard Grimshaw
13
Common law: case-centred and hence judgecentred, allowing scope for a discretionary,
pragmatic approach to the particular problems
that appear before the courts (UK and US)
International Legal system: Law of nations Res Nullius (Terra Nullius) and Res Communis
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Civil law
Common law
Bijuridical (civil and common law)
Customary law
Islamic Law
15
Hierarchy of Laws
The Constitution
Act/Rules
ultra virus the
Constitution is
VOID
Applicability of Laws
Laws made by Parliament may extend
throughout or in any part of the territory of
India
State laws apply only within its territory.
Hence, variations are likely to exist between
State in provisions of law relating to matters
falling in the State and Concurrent Lists.
Whether law made by Parliament applicable
to the State of J&K?
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22
26
Writ Jurisdiction
Supreme Court
Jurisdiction
1. Pecuniary, Subject matter,
and Territorial
2. Original, Appellate and
Advisory
Precedent
High Courts
Stare decisis
Obiter dicta
Judicial Magistrate
(CPC)
(CrPC)
28
Right to Property
31
Why?
Further readings:
1.
2.
3.
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