Accident and Loss Statistics
Accident and Loss Statistics
Statistics
Chemical Process Safety
ChE 258
Overview
Accidents
Models
Engineering Ethics
Loss Statistics
Perceptions
Example
Definition
Accident
Types of Personnel
Accidents
Struck by
Contact by
Caught in
Caught between
Foot-level Fall
Exposure
Struck against
Contact with
Caught out
Overexertion
Fall to below
Acts of God
Pilot Error beginning of
industrial revolution
Mismanagement current legal
leanings
Marcums 7 Domino
Sequence of
Supposes that all accidents can be avoided and
Misactsidents
that the liability resides with management
Inadequate preparation
Substandard performance
Miscompensated risks
Harmful contact incident
Adverse reaction
Sustained losses, and
Incurred costs
System-Induced Error
An accident occurs if a triggering event
occurs at a time when the innate error
tendencies of humans as determined
by performance influencing factor
lead to an error in an unforgiving
environment
Developed during the 1980s
System-Induced Error
Fallible memory
Reliance on rules
Information processing limitations
System-Induced Error
Low motivation
Overloaded
Inadequate training
System-Induced Errors
Unforgiving Environment
System-Induced Error
An accident occurs if a triggering event
occurs at a time when the innate
error tendencies of humans as
determined by performance
influencing factor lead to an error in
an unforgiving environment
Chemical Engineering
Ethics
American Institute of Chemical Engineers
Fundamental Principles
Engineers shall uphold and advance the
integrity, honor and dignity of the engineering
profession by
1 using their knowledge and skill for the
enhancement of human welfare;
2 being honest and impartial and serving with
fidelity the public, their employers, and clients;
3 striving to increase the competence and
prestige of the engineering profession
Chemical Engineering
Ethics
American Institute of Chemical Engineers
2
3
4
Fundamental Canons
Engineers shall hold paramount the safety, health,
and welfare of the public in performance of their
professional duties.
Engineers shall perform services only in areas of
their competence.
Engineers shall issue public statements only in an
objective and truthful manner.
Engineers shall act in professional matters for each
employer or client as faithful agents or trustees,
and shall avoid conflicts of interest.
Chemical Engineering
Ethics
American Institute of Chemical Engineers
Fundamental Canons
5 Engineers shall build their professional reputations
on the merits of their services.
6 Engineers shall act in such a manner as to uphold
and enhance the honor, integrity, and dignity of
the engineering profession.
7 Engineers shall continue their professional
development throughout their careers and shall
provide opportunities for the professional
development of those engineers under their
supervision.
OSHA
OSHA Definitions
OSHA Definitions
OSHA Definitions
OSHA Definitions
OSHA Definitions
OSHA Definitions
Fatality is equivalent
to 24 worker years
OSHA Definitions
yr
wk yr
50 yr
40hr 50wk
5 hr
WCareer
10
career
wk yr career
Fatality Rate
# Fatalities / yr
FatalityRate
Total
#
PeopleExposed
Accident Pyramid
Risk
Public Perceptions
Causes of death
Handguns
Smoking
Motor Vehicles
Private Aviation
Commercial Aviation
Alcoholic Beverages
Nuclear Power
Food Preservatives
Pesticides
Skiing
LIBRIX
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the semester.
In Class Assignment
The FAR for travel by car is reported as 57 while
that for travel by air is 240
1)
2)
Solution
1) Calculations
Car
57deaths
1hr
106
deaths
0.0114
MillionMiles
108 hr 50miles
MillionMiles
1hr
106
240deaths
deaths
Air
0.0096
8
MillionMiles
10 hr 250miles
MillionMiles