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    Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing (EMDR) Therapy: Michael K, MS3

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    michael karp
    EMDR therapy is a psychotherapy treatment used to alleviate distress from traumatic memories and experiences. It involves having clients focus on distressing memories while undergoing a dual attention stimulus like eye movements. Based on the theory that traumatic memories are incompletely processed, EMDR aims to facilitate information processing of memories to reduce associated distress. A typical EMDR session involves recalling a traumatic event while undergoing dual attention stimulation until distress is reduced. Studies show EMDR can help reduce or eliminate PTSD symptoms after only a few sessions for single-trauma victims.

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    Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing (EMDR) Therapy: Michael K, MS3

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    michael karp
    53 views7 pages
    EMDR therapy is a psychotherapy treatment used to alleviate distress from traumatic memories and experiences. It involves having clients focus on distressing memories while undergoing a dual attention stimulus like eye movements. Based on the theory that traumatic memories are incompletely processed, EMDR aims to facilitate information processing of memories to reduce associated distress. A typical EMDR session involves recalling a traumatic event while undergoing dual attention stimulation until distress is reduced. Studies show EMDR can help reduce or eliminate PTSD symptoms after only a few sessions for single-trauma victims.

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    Introduction to Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Psychotherapy.

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    Emdr

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    EMDR therapy is a psychotherapy treatment used to alleviate distress from traumatic memories and experiences. It involves having clients focus on distressing memories while undergoing a dual attention stimulus like eye movements. Based on the theory that traumatic memories are incompletely processed, EMDR aims to facilitate information processing of memories to reduce associated distress. A typical EMDR session involves recalling a traumatic event while undergoing dual attention stimulation until distress is reduced. Studies show EMDR can help reduce or eliminate PTSD symptoms after only a few sessions for single-trauma victims.

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    53 views7 pages

    Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing (EMDR) Therapy: Michael K, MS3

    Uploaded by

    michael karp
    EMDR therapy is a psychotherapy treatment used to alleviate distress from traumatic memories and experiences. It involves having clients focus on distressing memories while undergoing a dual attention stimulus like eye movements. Based on the theory that traumatic memories are incompletely processed, EMDR aims to facilitate information processing of memories to reduce associated distress. A typical EMDR session involves recalling a traumatic event while undergoing dual attention stimulation until distress is reduced. Studies show EMDR can help reduce or eliminate PTSD symptoms after only a few sessions for single-trauma victims.

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    of 7

    Eye Movement Desensitization

    & Reprocessing (EMDR) Therapy


    Michael K, MS3
    What is EMDR?
    A psychotherapy treatment originally designed to alleviate the distress associated
    with traumatic memories and disturbing life experiences
    Clients focus on their distressing or desired experiences while exposed to a dual
    attention stimulus, such as eye movement.
    Eye movement stimulus: Client will use her eyes to track the therapists hand as it
    moves back and forth across the clients field of vision
    Single-trauma victims no longer have post-traumatic stress disorder after only a
    few sessions
    EMDR is an evidence-based psychotherapy for
    Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Panic Attacks, Complicated Grief,
    Dissociative Disorders, Disturbing Memories Phobias, Pain Disorders, Performance Anxiety,
    Stress Reduction, Addictions, Sexual and/or Physical Abuse, Body Dysmorphic Disorders, &
    Personality Disorders
    Theory Behind EMDR
    Based the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model,
    Developed by Francine Shapiro in 1990
    Much of psychopathology is due to the maladaptive encoding / incomplete processing of
    traumatic or disturbing adverse life experiences.
    When a traumatic or very negative event occurs, information processing may be incomplete,
    perhaps because strong negative feelings or dissociation interfere with information processing.
    This prevents the forging of connections with more adaptive information that is held in other
    memory networks
    Focusing on the disturbing experience with a dual attention stimulus facilitates the accessing of the
    traumatic memory network, thus enhancing information processing with new associations forged
    between the traumatic memory and more adaptive memories or information.
    Dual attention stimulus
    May be eye movements (most common), tapping, tactile stimulation, or auditory tones.
    Usually presented in an alternating bilateral fashion
    E.g., sound is played first to one ear, then the other, then the first ear, etc.
    Bilateral stimulation is related to the biological mechanisms involved in Rapid Eye
    Movement (REM) sleep.
    What does a session look like?
    Client recalls a traumatic event, whether past or present
    Client rates the level of emotional disturbance of that event (scale of 0-7)
    Client again recalls the event, this time while exposed to dual attention stimulus.
    The degree of emotional response diminishes as new associations are created
    with the event.
    These new associations are thought to result in complete information processing,
    new learning, elimination of emotional distress, and development of cognitive
    insights
    Client then recalls the event and assigns a rating.
    This process repeats until client assigns a rating of 0
    Phases of Therapy
    Phase 1: History and Treatment Planning (1-2 sessions)
    Identify present/past situations that elicit distress
    Determine key skills/behaviors to learn for future well-being
    Phase 2: Preparation (1-4 sessions)
    Teach general skills to rapidly deal with any emotional disturbance that may arise
    Develop trust
    Phase 3: Assessment (~3 sessions)
    Identify negative beliefs from disturbing emotions, e.g. I am helpless and assign a Subjective Unit of Disturbance (SUD) 1-7
    Decide on positive belief to replace the negative belief; assign a Validity of Cognition (VOC) scale: 1-10
    Phase 4: Desensitization
    Dual Attention stimulus is applied while focusing on trauma or disturbing emotions Then assess using SUD
    Phase 5: Installation
    Apply dual attention stimulus while concentrating on positive beliefs to increase their strength, then assess using VOC
    Phase 6: Body scan
    Even after positive cognition has been strengthened and installed, residual tension in body may remain from original trauma.
    Apply dual attention stimulus while concentrate on bodily disturbances that appear when recalling trauma
    Phase 7: Closure (Ensure patient finishes visit in a positive state)
    Phase 8: Reevaluation (opens every session; abbreviated version of phases 1-3)
    Effectiveness
    Some of the studies show that 84%-90% of single-trauma victims no longer have post-
    traumatic stress disorder after only three 90-minute sessions.
    Another study, funded by the HMO Kaiser Permanente, found that 100% of the single-
    trauma victims and 77% of multiple trauma victims no longer were diagnosed with PTSD
    after only six 50-minute sessions.
    In another study, 77% of combat veterans were free of PTSD in 12 sessions. There has
    been so much research on EMDR therapy that it is now recognized as an effective form
    of treatment for trauma and other disturbing experiences by organizations such as the
    American Psychiatric Association, the World Health Organization and the Department of
    Defense
    results in the alleviation of presenting symptoms, a decrease or elimination of distress
    from the disturbing memory, improved view of the self, relief from bodily disturbance,
    and resolution of present and future anticipated triggers.
    After successful treatment with EMDR therapy, affective distress is relieved, negative
    beliefs are reformulated, and physiological arousal is reduced.
    References
    EMDR Institute, Inc
    www.emdr.com
    EMDR International Association
    www.emdria.org/

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