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Ebola
Ebola
Presented by
HSE DEPARTMENT
Ebola Virus Introduction
Scientific Classification
Order: Mononegavirales
Family: Filoviridae
Genus: Ebola like viruses
Species: Ebola
Copyrighted
Dr. Fre:derick A. Murphy, D.V.M., Ph.D. 1976.
Subtypes
– Ebola-Zaire, Ebola-Sudan,Ebola-Ivory Coast
• disease in humans
– Ebola-Reston
• disease in nonhuman primates
Filoviridae or “Filoviruses”
• Ebola
– natural history/reservoirs unknown
• Enters Bloodstream
– skin, membranes,open wounds
• Cell Level
– docks with cell membrane
• Viral RNA
– released into cytoplasm
– production new viral proteins/ genetic material
Copyright: Russell Kightley Media, Australia
• Theory
– virus evolved to occupy special niches in the wild
Symptoms and Diagnostic Tests
• Early symptoms
– muscle aches, fever, vomiting
– red eyes, skin rash, diarrhea, stomach pain
• Acute symptoms
– bleeding/hemorrhaging from skin, orifices, internal organs
• Early Diagnosis
• very difficult
• signs & symptoms very similar to other infections
• Laboratory Test
• PCR detection
• ELISA (enzyme-linked immuno-absorbant) assay
Treatment
• No vaccines!
• Infection-control Measures
– complete equipment and area sterilization
Prevention
After Death
Virus contagious in fluids for days
• Reservoirs in Nature
– largely unknown
– possibly infected animals (primates?)
• Transmission
– direct contact blood/secretions of infected person
– possible airborne (Reston primate facility)
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