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Types and Examples of Research in Different Areas/field
Types and Examples of Research in Different Areas/field
areas/field
Applied Research
To solve practical problems of the modern world, to
improve human condition, and to find solutions to
everyday problems.
Basic Research
This research is designed to add to an organized body of
scientific knowledge and does not necessarily produce
results of practical value.
Correlational research
Refers to the systematic investigation or statisticalstudy
of relationships among two or more variables, without
necessarily determining cause and effect.
Descripted research
It is also known as statistical research. This research deals
with every thing that can be counted and measured and
which has an impact on people and communities.
Ethnographic Research
Refers to the investigation of culture through in-depth
study of the members of the culture; it involves the
systematic collection, description, and analysis of data for
development of theories of cultural behaviour.
Experimental Research
Is an objective, systematic, controlled investigation, for
thee purpose of predicting and controlling phenomena
and examining probability and casuality among selected
variables.
Exploratory Research
Is a type conducted for a problem that has not been clearly
defined. It helps determine the best research design, data
collection method and selection of subjects.
Historical Research
Is one involving analysis of events that occurred in
the remote or recent past. Understanding this can
add perspective on how we examine current events
and educational practices.
Phenomenological Research
Is an inductive descriptive research developed from
phenomenological philosophy. This type of research is powerful for
understanding subjective experiences.
Action Research
Involves the application of the steps of the scientific method in the
classroom problems. This research can be conducted through
interviews about the students’ experiences.
Two Approaches of Ethnography
Realist-researcher provides an objective account of the situation
Critical- researcher shows his advocacy for a marginalize froup or
attempts to empower the group by giving it voice.
Types of Case Studies
Illustrative Case Studies
These are primarily descriptive studies. They typically utilize one or two instances of an event to show
what a situation is like. Illustrative case studies serve primarily to make the unfamiliar familiar and to give
readers a common language about the topic in question.
Exploratory (or pilot) Case Studies
These are condensed case studies performed before implementing a large scale investigation. Their basic
function is to help identify questions and select types of measurement prior to the main investigation. The
primary pitfall of this type of study is that initial findings may seem convincing enough to be released
prematurely as conclusions.
Cumulative Case Studies
These serve to aggregate information from several sites collected at different times. The idea behind these
studies is the collection of past studies will allow for greater generalization without additional cost or time
being expended on new, possibly repetitive studies.
Critical Instance Case Studies
These examine one or more sites for either the purpose of examining a situation of unique interest with
little to no interest in generalizability, or to call into question or challenge a highly generalized or universal
assertion. This method is useful for answering cause and effect questions.