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Lecture-2: Main Equipment of Coal Based Power Plant
Lecture-2: Main Equipment of Coal Based Power Plant
Main equipment
of
Coal based Power Plant
Main components in a coal based thermal power plant
The advantages of using pulverized fuel (coal) outweigh the disadvantages and hence all modern plants uses
pulverized coal.
Pulverizing mill
Pulverizing mills are classified as Contact mills, Ball mills and Impact mills.
Contact mill Ball mill Impact mill
It has stationary and power driven It has large drum partly filled with This type of mill used impact
rotating element having a rolling various sized steel balls. The drum principle. Coal remain in
action with respect to each other. is rotated slowly while coal is fed suspension during the entire
The grinding elements have rollers into it. The balls pulverize the coal pulverizing process. All grinding
running over a stationary surface. by crushing. Hot air enters the drum elements and primary air fan are
Coal is made to pass through the dries the coal and carries the mounted on a single shaft. The
grinding elements again and again pulverized coal to burner. This type pulverized coal output is controlled
till it is pulverized to required of mill can successfully pulverize by varying the quantity of coal fed
fineness. Hot air is circulated anthracite and bituminous coals and also by controlling the flow of
through the grinding section and which are difficult to pulverize. primary air.
fine particles go with the air stream
but bigger particles are returned for
regrinding. Supply of coal is to the
burner is controlled by flow of air.
Pulverizing mill
In most of the power plant it is not sufficient to have a forced draft or induced draft
alone. Therefore, generally both is used.
Boiler
Boiler (Steam Generator) is a closed vessel in which water under pressure is
converted into steam. It is one of the major components of a thermal power
plant. It is designed to absorb maximum amount of heat released in the process
of combustion. The heat is transferred to boiler by all three modes of heat
transfer i.e. Conduction, Convection and Radiation.
Fire Tube Boiler Water Tube Boiler
• In this type of boiler products of combustion passes • In this type of boiler, water flows inside the tubes
through tubes which are surrounded by water. and hot gases flow outside the tubes. The tubes are
• Depending upon tubes direction (vertical or interconnected to common water channels and to
horizontal) they are further classified as vertical or steam outlet.
horizontal tube boilers. • Depending upon tubes direction (vertical or
• This type of boiler is economical for low pressures horizontal or inclined) they are further classified as
and are generally used in small sizes having vertical or horizontal or inclined tube boilers.
capacity of about 15000kg/hr. • Circulation of water may be natural or forced
through pump.
• Now a days, supercritical pressure boilers having
capacity of above 10,00,000kg/hr are available.