Professional Documents
Culture Documents
D2451 Basic TQM-Toolbox 2007 Alumnos
D2451 Basic TQM-Toolbox 2007 Alumnos
Variable 1
Percent
A B C D E Variable 2 Time
Total Errors 16 9 13 18 22 80
Pareto Chart
This sample slide shows two Pareto Charts to compare different types of
customers experience
25
15
20
Percentage of Sales
# calls
15 10
10
5
5
0 0
n f o w o w n f
Scatter Diagram
Scatter Diagrams illustrate and chart positive and negative direction of relationships and to
discover cause and effect relationships, as well as bonds and correlations, between two
variables
October
July
April
January
October
July
April
January
0 1 2 3 4 5
Control Chart
The Quality Control Chart shows a process over a specific period of time and identifies
trends, shifts and patterns
70
60
Abnormal variation Upper Control Limit
due to assignable sources
(UCL)
Average range or quality
50 Normal variation
due to chance
40
Process Average
(or Target Value)
30
20
Yes
Placeholder Text Placeholder Placeholder
No
Placeholder
Yes
Text Placeholder Placeholder
No
Placeholder
Problem /
Quality
Characteristic
Placeholder Placeholder Placeholder
Effect that
Placeholder Placeholder Placeholder
needs
improvement
30
20
10
0
200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900
Count / Check
Type of Error / Reason Subtotal
Mon. Tues. Wed. Thu. Fri.
1. Description of Type //// // // //// // //// / 22
Grand Total 16 9 13 18 22 80
Check List
The items to be performed for a task are listed in a Check List to indicate as complete
when each is accomplished
Count
Task / Process Step
Repeat Mon. Tues. Wed. Thu. Fri. Sat. Sun.
Process 1
2. Task Description D
3. Task Description AN -
Process 2
2. Task Description AN
3. Task Description D
… …
D = Daily AN = As Needed
Data and Analysis
Box Plot / Whisker Plot (Excel based)
Each individual box symbol summarizes the distribution of data within a data set
100
87 86 87
80
71
64
60 58 56
45
40
31.5 33.5
30 27.5
20
12
0 -2 -5
-15 -18
-20
-40 -37
-60
Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 Row 4 Row 5 Row 6
Bar Chart
Bars charts are useful for displaying series as sets of horizontal bars which are proportional
to the value of the item it represents
Description 1 840
Description 2 1808
Description 3 1346
Description 4 3347
Description 5 1431
Description 6 2992
Description 7 2589
Description 8 3365
Description 9 5701
Description 10 1660
Description 11 1214
Description 12 1023
Description 13 3358
Description 14 1419
Run Chart (Trend Chart)
A Run Chart is used to display observed data in a time sequence representing some aspect
of the output of manufacturing or other business process
Rate %
Rate % Run Alert
9 Mean Rate
7
Values
0
Jan May Sep Jan May Sep
Subgroups
Analytic Methods
Solution Effect Analysis
The Solution Effect Analysis is a method to examine (brainstorming) the consequences of
implementing a solution
Materials Equipment
Solution
Minor Effect Minor Effect
Methods People
2 Cause 2 35%
Text
3 Cause 3 25%
4 … …
Cause 4 Cause 5
5 … … ..% ..%
1 … … … …
2 … … … …
3 … … … …
4 … … … …
5 … … … …