Organizational Development
Organizational Development
Organization Coach Organization Development These theories and approaches focus on identifying
Development Appreciative Inquiry and building on what is working best in the
Positive Organizational organisation.
Scholarship
Appreciative
Inquiry
Interpreter Sense-Making This approach as it alerts managers to the different
influence that interpretations of change can have.
Positive
Organizational
Scholarship
Sense-Making
Approach
Organization development
It is the process of creating, sharing, using and managing the knowledge and
information of the organization. The best use of knowledge helps to achieve
organizational objectives.
The classical OD approach of Bechhard(1969)
Those people who are entrusted with job to carry out the
planned change process in the organization, e.g. OD
specialists, leaders or managers. In traditional OD approach,
OD practitioners have an important role to play. They may
be internal or external from organization. OD practitioner
structures activities to help organization members solve
their own problems and learn to do that better.
Action research steps given by cummings and
Worley,2015
Problem identification
Consultation with OD practitioner
Data gathering and problem diagnosis
Feedback
Joint problem diagnosis
Joint action diagnosis
Change action
Further data gathering
Cumming and Warley suggest following skills
for coaching people through such process
Intrapersonal skills
Interpersonal skills
General consultations skills
Organization development theory
OD empathizes on following values
Discover
Appreciating that
which give life
Delivery Dream
Sustaining the
Envisioning impact
organization’s future
Design
Co-constructing the
future
It involves four techniques
Discovery: It appreciates the best of what is currently in practice. It facilitates
the identification of processes in the organization that works well.
Question: What part of the product launch do you think went exceptionally well?
Answer: One thing that seemed to go well was using Twitter to build anticipation
for the product launch.
Dream: On the basis on this knowledge, the future is envisioned.It facilitates analysis
of why a particular process works well and helps brainstorm ways to apply that
knowledge elsewhere.
Question: Why was Twitter a successful tool for the product launch and how else might
we use it?
Answer: It worked because it was easy to administer and didn't take up much time or
cost any money. We liked how we could see people Tweeting about our new product
weeks before it actually launched commercially. We could imagine it working well as
a way to promote special Internet deals.
Design: It facilitates the creation of an action plan.
Question: How could we test using Twitter to promote special Internet
deals?
Answer: Bob could tweet a new coupon code each day for a week.
Positive
Organizational
Scholarship
Sense-Making
Approach
Good change managers
Positive
Organizational
Scholarship
Sense-Making
Approach
Sense-Making Approach
It challenges three key assumptions of change:
Images of
Managing Inertia: planned, intended change is necessary in order
Change to disrupt the forces that contribute to a lack of change
in an organization so that there is a lag between
Organization environmental change and organizational adaptation
Development
The need for a standardized change program
Animation (Motion & Experiment.. Job Descriptions)
Appreciative
Inquiry Direction ( e.g. Novel ways and directed strategies)
Paying Attention and Updating ( Reviewing and
Positive Rewriting org. requirements)
Organizational Respectful, Candid Interaction ( Speak out &
Scholarship Dialogues)
Unfreezing: as organizations are in a constant state of
Sense-Making flux, they require freezing to analyse change – not
Approach unfreezing to begin the process of change
Continue …
Ongoing sense-making
Retrospection
Plausibility
Enactment
Projective sense-making
Eight Features of a Sense-Making Framework
Continue….