Degree of School-Based Discrimination: An Assessment
Degree of School-Based Discrimination: An Assessment
Degree of School-Based Discrimination: An Assessment
DISCRIMINATION: AN
ASSESSMENT
REBECCA MYLES R. CAJEFE
RHEYJHAN DEBUTON
ELLEN KRISHELLE TRIMOR
PATRICK ACE AUSTRIA
HUMSS 12 STUDENTS
INTRODUCTION
Aside from the three elements
of education, the teaching and
learning process also needs
another important thing that may
help the teachers and the
learners to achieve their goals
and objectives, and these are the
learning materials.
INTRODUCTION
Mehisto (2012)
describes learning
materials as information
and knowledge that are
represented in variety of
media and formats that
support the
achievement of
intended learning
outcomes.
INTRODUCTION
Without these
tools, teacher may
face difficulty in
teaching the learners.
It serves as the
guidelines of the
teacher in the
teaching process so
that they can deliver
every lesson to their
students properly.
In education, visual
and audio aids have
INTRODUCTION
many effects and
importance in providing
learning permanent
(Seven & Engin, n.d.).
Learning materials are
important because they
can significantly increase
student's achievement
by supporting student's
learning.
OBJECTIVE OF THE
STUDY
The present study explored the
assessment of the teachers in Grade 8
science learning materials. This paper
will serve as baseline information in
revising the learner’s materials to be
more appropriate and suitable to the
needs of the 21st century learners.
FRAMEWORK OF THE
STUDY
Grade 8 Science K12 learner’s material
should always be assessed in terms of
content, instructional design, and
technical design for it to become more
appropriate and suitable to the learners.
Therefore, the present study used the
CIPP model in evaluating the qualities of
the Grade 8 science K12 learner’s material.
CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK
CONTENT
STATEMENT OF THE
PROBLEM
1. What is the profile of the teachers in terms of:
1.1. age;
1.2. sex;
1.3. civil status;
1.4. teaching position;
1.5. length of teaching experience;
1.6. length of teaching Grade 8 Science;
1.7. length of using Grade 8 Science learning material;
1.8. highest educational attainment; and
1.9. specialization?
STATEMENT OF THE
PROBLEM
Descriptive-evaluative research
PARTICIPANTS &
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
School No. of Respondents
Total 17
PARTICIPANTS &
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
TABLE 1.
FREQUENCY AND
PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION
OF THE RESPONDENTS’
PROFILE
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Respondents’
Frequency Percentage
Profile
Age
25 and below 4 23.53
26 to 30 1 5.88
31 to 35 4 23.53
36 to 40 3 17.65
41 to 45 2 11.76
46 to 50 1 5.88
51 to 55 2 11.76
56 and above 0 0
Total 17 100
Sex
Male 7 41.18
Female 10 58.82
Total 17 100.00
RESULTS AND
Single
Civil Status
6
DISCUSSION
35.29
Widowed 2 11.76
Married 9 52.94
Separated 0 0
Total 17 100
Educational Attainment
BS/AB holder 3 17.65
MA/MS holder 2 11.76
PhD/EdD holder 0 0
BS/AB with
master’s unit 11 64.71
MA/MS with
doctorate units 1 5.88
Total 17 100.00
RESULTS AND
Teaching DISCUSSION
Position
Teacher I 11 64.71
Teacher II 2 11.76
Teacher III 2 11.76
Master Teacher
I 1 5.88
Master Teacher
II 1 5.88
Master Teacher
III 0 0
Master Teacher
RESULTS AND
Length of Service
Below 5 years 9
DISCUSSION
52.94
5 to 10 years 2 11.76
11 to 15 years 4 23.53
16 to 20 years 1 5.88
21 to 25 years 0 0
26 to 30 years 1 5.88
31 to 35 years 0 0
36 to 40 years 0 0
40 years &
above 0 0
Total 17 100.00
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Length of Teaching Grade 8 Science K to 12
2 years 9 52.94
3 years 2 11.76
4 years 1 5.88
5 years 5 29.41
Total 17 100
Length of Using Grade 8 Science K to 12 Learner’s
Material
2 years 10 58.82
3 years 2 11.76
4 years 1 5.88
5 years 4 23.53
Total 17 100.00
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Length of using Grade 8 Science K to 12 learner’s material
2 years 10 58.82
3 years 2 11.76
4 years 2 11.76
5 years 3 17.65
Total 17 100.00
Specialization
Biological Science 8 41.18
Physical Sciennce 5 29.41
Chemistry 1 5.88
General Science 2 11.76
Mathematics 1 5.88
Non-Science 0 5.88
Total 17 100.00
RESULTS AND
DISCUSSION
Table 2.
Assessment of Grade 8
Science K to 12 learner’s
material in terms of content
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Statement Mean SD DV
Content
1. Content is based on the grade level standards of
the K to 12 curriculum. 3.76 0.56 SA
2. Content met the learning standards of the K to 12
curriculum. 3.35 0.61 SA
3. Scope and learning targets are appeared to
students’ needs. 3.24 0.67 A
4. Material provides sufficient knowledge and skill. 3.18 0.53 A
5. Level of difficulty is appropriate for intended 3.24 0.44 A
students.
6. Content integrates “real-world” experiences. 3.06 0.43 A
7. Activities are relevant to the topic presented. 3.41 0.51 SA
8. Content provides relevant information. 3.18 0.64 A
9. Activities provide practical work. 3.12 0.49 A
10. TheLegend:
references used
Strongly are updated.
Agree 3.12Disagree
(SA) 3.26-4.00; Agree (A) 2.51-3.25; 0.49 A
Mean
(D) 1.76-2.50; and Strongly Disagree (SD) 1.00-1.75. 3.27 0.54 SA
RESULTS AND
DISCUSSION
Table 3.
Assessment of Grade 8
Science K to 12 learner’s
material in terms of
instructional design
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Instructional Design Mean SD DV
1. Instructional goals and learner objectives are clearly stated.
3.29 0.47 A
2. Resource promotes student engagement. 3.35 0.49 SA
3. Methodology promotes the development of communication skills
and encourages student creativity. 3.06 0.56 A
4. Resource encourages group interaction. 3.29 0.47 SA
5. Resource allows/encourages students to work independently.
3.18 0.39 A
6. Materials are well organized and structured. 2.94 0.56 A
7. Learning material is congruent to the K to 12 curriculum.
3.29 0.59 A
8. Concepts are clearly introduced, developed, and summarized.
3.12 0.60 A
9. Technical terms are consistently explained/ introduced.
3.06 0.66 A
10. Adequate/appropriate assessment/evaluation tools are provided.
3.06 0.56
Mean 2.86 0.54 A
Legend: Strongly Agree (SA) 3.26-4.00; Agree (A) 2.51-3.25;
Disagree (D) 1.76-2.50; and Strongly Disagree (SD) 1.00-1.75.
RESULTS AND
DISCUSSION
Table 4.
Assessment of Grade 8
Science K to 12 learner’s
material in terms of
technical design
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Statement Mea SD DV
n
Technical Design
1. Appropriate support materials are provided. 3 0.5 A
2. Visual design is interesting/ effective. 2.82 0.53 A
3. Illustrations/visuals are effective/ appropriate. 2.94 0.43 A
4. Character size/typeface is appropriate. 2.94 0.43 A
5. Layout is logical and consistent. 3.06 0.56 A
6. Users can easily employ the resource. 3.06 0.66 A
7. Packaging/design is suitable for the
classroom/library. 3 0.71 A
8. Resource makes effective use of various mediums. 3.18 0.39 A
9. Material is arranged in correct sequence. 3.18 0.81 A
10. Material
Legend: provides
Strongly varied
Agree (SA) activities
3.26-4.00; to sustain
Agree 3.18
(A) 2.51-3.25; 0.53 A
interest. (D) 1.76-2.50; and Strongly Disagree (SD) 1.00-1.75.
Disagree
Mean 3.04 0.56 A
RESULTS AND
DISCUSSION
Table 5.
Summary of the Assessment
of Grade 8 Science K to 12
learner’s material
RESULTS AND
Grade 8 Science K to 12 Learner’s DISCUSSION
Mean SD DV
Material
Content 3.57 0.54 SA
Instructional design 2.86 0.54 A
Technical Design 3.04 0.56 A
Total 3.16 0.55 A
Legend: Strongly Agree (SA) 3.26-4.00; Agree (A) 2.51-3.25;
Disagree (D) 1.76-2.50; and Strongly Disagree (SD) 1.00-1.75.
RESULTS AND
DISCUSSION
Table 6.
Correlation between the demographic
profile of the respondents and the
assessment variables.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Demographic Profile Content Instructional Technical
Design Design
*Significant at p <0.050
Specialization 0.05 0.09* -0.17*
RESULTS AND
DISCUSSION
Table 7.
Problems encountered on the teachers in
using Grade 8 Science k to 12 learner’s
material
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Theme Sample Feedback
available.” (R12)
material (R02)
competencies.’ (R05)
Revision of the content of “The materials must be revised in such a way that for each topic,
learner’s material supporting information about the topic will be given too.” (R02)
productive.” (R05)
(R17)
Availability of learner’s material “Provide materials which are affordable and readily available.”
(R12)