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Department of Mechanical Engineering

Presented By-
1)SAWANT CHANDRASHEKHAR-173
2)GARAD VAIBHAV P-190
3)PANSARE SWAPNIL-182
4)AMBHORE VICKY-193
5)GORE AKASH G-191
TE-(C) Guided By-
Prof. : A.S.AHER
SYSTEM OF FITS AND TOLERANCES
The standard reference temperature is 20 C for industrial measurements
and, consequently, for dimensions defined by the system.

Due to the inevitable inaccuracy of manufacturing methods, a part


cannot be made precisely to a given dimension, the difference between maximum
and minimum limits of size is the tolerance.

When two parts are to be assembled, the relation resulting from the difference
between their sizes before assembly is called a fit.
Tolerance
 How to decide tolerance?
 Functional requirements of mating parts
 Cost of production
 Available manufacturing process

 Choose as coarse tolerance as possible without compromising


functional requirements
 Proper balance between cost and quality of parts
Hole Shaft
Max Hole size – Basic Size = Upper Deviation Max shaft size – Basic Size = Upper Deviation

Min Hole size – Basic Size = Lower Deviation Min shaft size – Basic Size = Lower Deviation
CLEARANCE FIT

Maximum shaft dimension < Minimum hole dimension

FIT - condition of looseness or tightness between two mating parts being


assembled together
INTERFERANCE FIT

Maximum Hole size < Minimum Shaft size


TRANSITION FIT

Obtained by overlapping of tolerance zones of shaft and hole ……Does


not guarantee neither clearance nor interference fit
To obtain different types of fits, it is general practice to
vary tolerance zone of one of the mating parts

HOLE BASED SYSTEM-


Size of hole is kept constant,
shaft size is varied
to get different fits.

SHAFT BASED SYSTEM-


Size of shaft is kept constant,
hole size is varied
to get different fits.
Surface Roughness and Surface
Finish
 Surface roughness - a measurable characteristic
based on roughness deviations.
 Surface finish - a more subjective term denoting
smoothness and general quality of a surface.
 In popular usage, surface finish is often used as a
synonym for surface roughness.
 Both terms are within the scope of surface
texture.
Surface Roughness
Average of vertical deviations from nominal surface over a
specified surface length.

Fig. Deviations from nominal surface used in the two definitions of


surface roughness.
Surface Roughness Specification

Fig. Surface texture symbols in engineering drawings: (a) the symbol, and (b)
symbol with identification labels.

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