Precision Measurement

1.
HELPER MEASURING TOOLS

• Generally a spring caliper.
• Has no scale - cannot be used by itself.
• Common examples are “Inside and Outside” calipers.
“Outside”
“Inside”
2. ADJUSTABLE JAW CALIPERS
• Moveable jaws.
• Takes measurement directly from part.
1. Dial Calipers
• Dial indicator mounted on moveable jaw.
Common Uses of Dial Calipers
3. Digital Calipers
• Latest advancement.
• Measurement converted to digital readout.
• Similar to conventional calipers.
• Scale can be calibrated in both inches and centimeters.
• More rugged.
• More accurate.
• Better repeatability.
• Easier to handle & read.
Follow guidelines for proper use.

4. DIAL MICROMETERS
1. Outside Micrometers
• Measures accurately to (.001).
• Vernier micrometers measure to (.0001).
5. Standard Micrometers
• Spindle rotates in fixed nut - (40 threads per inch).
• One complete turn of spindle = 1/40 (.025) inches.
Micrometer Graduations
Micrometer Reading
1. Line “1” visible, plus two other lines:

“1” = .100
+ 2 @ .025 = .050
.150
2. Index line coincides with 12 on thimble:

12 x .001 = .012
.100 – Line marked “1”

.050 – 2 extra vertical lines
.012 – Thimble reading
.162 – Total reading
How Micrometers are Read
Micrometer Reading Exercise
.125 .250
.235 .312
.082 .468
.375 .187
.625 .718
CHECK YOUR ANSWERS !

Micrometer Reading Exercise
.033 .175
.625 .325
.103 .500
.022 .187
.293 .435

6. Metric Micrometers
• Measure in hundredths of a millimeter (0.01 mm)
• One complete turn of thimble = 1/2 mm.
• Sleeve marked in “millimeters” below the line.
• Marked in half-millimeters above line.
• Thimble marked in 50 divisions.
- Each division = 1/50 of a 1/2 millimeter or 1/100 (.01)mm.
Step 1. Note whole millimeter mark on sleeve.

Step 2. Note whether a half-mm mark is showing between whole
millimeter mark and thimble.
Step 3. Read thimble for hundredths reading.
Step 4. Add readings.
Metric Micrometer Reading
Whole millimeter marks 10 x 1 mm = 10.00 mm

Half millimeter marks 1 x .50 mm = .50 mm
Thimble Reading 16 x .01 mm = .16 mm
Reading 10.66 mm
Metric Micrometer Reading Exercise
5.82 mm 8.16 mm
4.12 mm 5.50 mm
16.25 mm 6.05 mm
22.11 mm 9.95 mm
3.55 mm 20.57 mm

. Micrometer Adjustments
• Removing Play
- Back off the thimble.
- Insert a C-spanner into slot or hole of adjusting nut.
- Turn adjusting nut clockwise until play between threads
is eliminated.
. Micrometer Adjustments
• Adjusting Accuracy
- Clean measuring faces and check for damage.
- Closes faces.
- Turn sleeve until index line on sleeve matches zero (0)
line on thimble.
- Recheck accuracy by opening and closing faces. Rating

should be zero (0).
. Care of the Micrometer
• Close faces carefully to avoid damage.
• Keep micrometer clean. Wipe with oily cloth. Oil threads.
• Not too much pressure.
• Clean face of anvil and spindle before use.
• Check for accuracy. Close faces - should read zero (0).
• Don’t lay unit where it could fall.
• Don’t twirl micrometer to open or close a great distance.
• Clean and oil for long term storage. Place in box.
7. Inside Micrometers
• For internal measurements larger than 1-1/2 inch
• Consists of:
- Micrometer head - Range of 1/2 to 1 inch.
- Extension rods- different lengths inserted in head.
- 1/2 inch spacing collar.
Review and follow steps for using inside micrometer.

Uses of Inside Micrometers
8. DIGITAL MICROMETERS
• Modern Version - Results Displayed Electronically
• Delicate instrument - handle with care.
1. How to Read Digital Micrometers
a. Before taking reading, do the following:

- Turn display on.
- Press button to activate desired scale.
- Slowly close micrometer until ratchet engages.
- Zero micrometer by pressing Origin or Set button.
b. For thickness reading:

- Open micrometer.
- Insert sample.
- Slowly close micrometer until ratchet engages.
- Read thickness on digital display.
. Proper Care of Digital Micrometers
• When finished, open slightly.

• Never store with spindle closed
• Turn instrument off and store in protective case.
11. GAUGE BLOCKS
• Rectangular blocks - hardened and ground alloy steel.
• Measuring surfaces lapped and polished - accurate to within
a few millionths of an inch.
• Size of block stamped one surface.
Wringing Gage Blocks Together
13. SQUARES
• Used for laying out, checking, and setting up work.
• Beam and blade form a right angle.
• Good quality squares are hardened.
1. Solid and Adjustable Squares.

• Not accurate enough for precision work or inspection.
. Combination Squares.
• Checking inside and outside squareness.

• Drawing lines parallel to edges of work piece.
• Measuring depth.
• Finding centers of round work pieces.
• Checking 450 angles.
Uses of Combination Squares.
. Using Solid Steel Squares.
• Remove all burrs from work surface. Wipe clean.
• Wipe square clean.
• Face source of light.
• Hold work with one hand. Grasp square with other.
• Place inside of square against finished surface.
• Lower blade to surface of work.
• All light should be excluded.
. Beveled Edge Squares.
• Used for inspection.
• Edges are beveled and hardened.
• Better contact with surface. More accurate.
Measuring tools
 Dial indicator
 Straight edge - .003

max (not shown)
 Telescoping gauge
 Small hole gauge

Test Light
 Use to test for power
Measuring tools
 Feeler
gauge flat
& round
Measuring tools
 feeler gauge - flat
 round or wire

Precision Measurement

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1.

HELPER MEASURING TOOLS

Follow guidelines for proper use.

1. Line “1” visible, plus two other lines:

2. Index line coincides with 12 on thimble:

.100 – Line marked “1”

CHECK YOUR ANSWERS !

CHECK YOUR ANSWERS !

Step 1. Note whole millimeter mark on sleeve.

Whole millimeter marks 10 x 1 mm = 10.00 mm

CHECK YOUR ANSWERS !

- Recheck accuracy by opening and closing faces. Rating

Review and follow steps for using inside micrometer.

1. How to Read Digital Micrometers

a. Before taking reading, do the following:

b. For thickness reading:

• When finished, open slightly.

1. Solid and Adjustable Squares.

• Checking inside and outside squareness.

 Straight edge - .003

 Small hole gauge

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