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  • Hardy Cross Method Complete

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    Ilu Singh
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    1. The document describes the Hardy-Cross method for solving water distribution pipe network problems. It involves dividing the network into closed loops, assuming initial flows, calculating head losses, and iteratively correcting the flows until converged. 2. The procedure involves (a) assuming initial flows, (b) calculating head losses using the Hazen-Williams equation, (c) summing the head losses around each loop, (d) calculating flow corrections, and (e) updating the flows and repeating until converged. 3. Example problems are provided to demonstrate applying the Hardy-Cross method to solve for flows and pressures in sample pipe networks. Iterative calculations are shown to correct initially assumed flows until the solution converges.

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    hardy cross

    Original Title

    93895941 Hardy Cross Method Complete

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    1. The document describes the Hardy-Cross method for solving water distribution pipe network problems. It involves dividing the network into closed loops, assuming initial flows, calculating head losses, and iteratively correcting the flows until converged. 2. The procedure involves (a) assuming initial flows, (b) calculating head losses using the Hazen-Williams equation, (c) summing the head losses around each loop, (d) calculating flow corrections, and (e) updating the flows and repeating until converged. 3. Example problems are provided to demonstrate applying the Hardy-Cross method to solve for flows and pressures in sample pipe networks. Iterative calculations are shown to correct initially assumed flows until the solution converges.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    169 views25 pages

    Hardy Cross Method Complete

    Uploaded by

    Ilu Singh
    1. The document describes the Hardy-Cross method for solving water distribution pipe network problems. It involves dividing the network into closed loops, assuming initial flows, calculating head losses, and iteratively correcting the flows until converged. 2. The procedure involves (a) assuming initial flows, (b) calculating head losses using the Hazen-Williams equation, (c) summing the head losses around each loop, (d) calculating flow corrections, and (e) updating the flows and repeating until converged. 3. Example problems are provided to demonstrate applying the Hardy-Cross method to solve for flows and pressures in sample pipe networks. Iterative calculations are shown to correct initially assumed flows until the solution converges.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 25

    Hardy cross method

    • Assuming flow distribution in


    network and balancing resulting
    headloss
    • hf=K Qn
    • hf= headloss;K=constant (size of
    pipe,internal conditions,units);
    Q=discharge;n=1.85(H-W eq.
    used)
    Hardy-Cross Method (Procedure)
    1. Divide network into number of f) Calculate hf / Qa for each
    closed loops. pipe and sum for loop
    2. For each loop: Shf/ Qa.
    a) Assume discharge Qa and g) Calculate correction
    direction for each pipe. Apply q =-S hf /(1.85Shf/Qa).
    Continuity at each node, Total NOTE: For common members
    inflow = Total Outflow. between 2 loops both
    Clockwise positive. corrections have to be made.
    b) Calculate hf=K Qan for each As loop 1 member, q= q1 - q2.
    pipe. Retain sign from step (a) As loop 2 member, q= q2 – q1
    and h) Apply correction to Qa,
    c) compute sum of total head Qnew=Qa +q.
    loss in pipes having clockwise i) Repeat the procedure till
    & anticlockwise direction of q<0.2m3/min or
    flow,call it S hf.
    q<10% of flow in that pipe
    Problem 1
    0.5
    12 m3/min A 200mmf,500m B m3/min

    350mmf, 200mmf,330m
    330m
    10m3/min

    C 200mmf,500m D
    1.5
    m3/min
    Problem 1
    0.5
    12 m3/min A 200mmf,500m B m3/min

    1m3/min
    350mmf, 11m3/min 0.5m3/min 200mmf,330m
    330m
    10m3/min
    1m3/min

    C 200mmf,500m D
    1.5
    m3/min
    Solution 1(trial 1)
    LineDia D Length Assumed flow Q1 C H H/Q
    (mm) (m) m3/min) (m3/sec) (m of water)
    AB 200 500 1 0.0167 100
    BD 200 330 0.5 0.00833 100

    AC 350 330 11 0.18333 100


    CD 200 500 1 0.01667 100

    q1= (m3/s)
    -S hf /(1.85Shf/Qa).
    (m3/m
    in)
    Solution 1(trial 1)
    Line Dia D Length Assumed flow Q1 C H H/Q

    (mm) (m) m3/min) (m3/sec) (m of water)


    AB 200 500 1 0.01666667 100 1.382686 82.9612
    BD 200 330 0.5 0.00833333 100 0.253141 30.3769

    AC 350 330 11 -0.18333333 100 5.049505 27.5428


    CD 200 500 1 -0.01666667 100 1.382686 82.9612
    223.842
    (m3/s) 0.011582
    q1=
    (m3/min) 0.694944

    q =-S hf /(1.85Shf/Qa).
    Solution 1(trial2)
    Line Dia D Length Assumed flow Q2 C H H/Q
    (mm) (m) (m3/sec) (m of water)
    AB 200 500 0.01667+0.01158 100 3.669862 129.913
    2=0.02824867
    BD 200 330 0.01991533 100 1.268658 63.7026
    H1= 4.93852
    AC 350 330 -0.1833+ 100 4.475251 26.0566
    0.011582=
    0.1717513
    CD 200 500 0.00508467 100 0.153776 30.2431
    H2= 4.629027 249.915
    (m3/s) -0.00067
    q2=
    (m3/mi -0.04016
    n)
    Problem 2
    Solve the following pipe network using Hazen William Method CHW =100

    63 L/s 1

    4
    3 2

    pipe L D
    37.8 L/s
    1 305m 150mm
    2 305m 150mm 5
    3 610m 200mm
    4 457m 150mm 25.2 L/s
    5 153m 200mm
    Problem 2
    Solve the following pipe network using Hazen William Method CHW =100

    63 L/s 1

    24

    11.4
    4
    3 2

    pipe L D
    37.8 L/s
    1 305m 150mm
    2 305m 150mm 5
    3 610m 200mm
    4 457m 150mm 25.2 L/s
    5 153m 200mm
    Solution 2(loop1,trial1)
    Line Dia Length Assumed flow C H H/Q
    D Q1
    (mm) (m) L/sec) (m3/sec) (m of water)
    1 150 305 24 0.024 100 6.721649 280.069
    2 150 305 11.4 0.0114 100 1.695739 148.749

    3 200 610 39 0.039 100 -8.13079 208.482

    Hf= 0.286595 637.3


    q1= (m3/s) -0.00024
    (m3/min) -0.01458
    Solution 2(loop2,trial 1)

    Line Dia D Length Assumed C H H/Q


    flow Q1
    (mm) (m) m3/min) (m3/sec) (m of water)

    4 150 457 12.6 0.0126 100 3.057644 242.67

    2 150 305 11.4 0.0114 100 -1.69574 148.749


    5 200 153 25.2 0.0252 100 -0.90911 36.0758
    H2= 0.452796 427.495
    (m3/s)
    q1= 0.000573
    (m3/min)
    0.034352
    Pip Dia Len 1st adj adj adj he
    e gth st 2n st 3rd st ad
    d
    (m Q hf hf/ Q hf hf/ Q hf hf/ (m)
    m) (m) Q Q Q
    Problem 3
    Calculate the flows in various pipes of the circuit and
    the residual pressures at all points of the network
    • Input pressure A=23m,C=100
    0.025m3/s
    Q=0.085m3/s A 300mmf,660m B

    200mmf,330m 200mmf,330m

    C D
    0.004m3/s 0.025m3/s
    200mmf,660m

    150mmf, 150mmf,330m
    330m

    E 150mmf,660m F
    0.023m3/s
    0.008m3/s
    0.025m3/s
    Q=0.085m3/s A 300mmf,660m B
    0.057m3/s
    0.032
    200mmf,330m 0.028 200mmf,330m
    m3/s
    m3/s
    C 0.014m3/s D
    0.004m3/s 0.025m3/s
    200mmf,660m

    150mmf, 0.01 0.021 150mmf,330m


    330m m3/s m3/s
    0.002m3/s

    E 150mmf,660m F
    0.023m3/s
    0.008m3/s
    Solution 3(loop 1 trial 1)
    Line Dia D Length Assumed flow C H H/Q
    Q1
    (mm) (m) (m3/sec) (m of water)
    AB 300 660 0.057 100 2.464232 43.2321
    BD 200 330 0.032 100 3.050527 95.329

    AC 200 330 -0.028 100 -2.382812 85.1004


    CD 200 660 -0.014 100 -1.321948 94.4248
    318.086
    q1= (m3/s) -0.00308
    Solution 3(loop 2, trial 1)
    Line Dia D Length Assumed C H H/Q
    flow Q1
    (mm) (m) (m3/sec) (m of water)
    CD 200 660 0.014 100 1.321948 94.4
    DF 150 330 0.021 100 5.680739 271

    CE 150 330 -0.01 100 -1.43979 144


    EF 150 660 -0.002 100 -0.146634 73.3
    582
    q1= (m3/s) -0.00503
    Solution 3(loop 1 trial 2)

    Line Dia D Length Assumed flow Q2C H H/Q

    (mm) (m) (m3/sec) (m of water)


    AB 300 660 0.05392 100 2.223567 41.2383
    BD 200 330 0.02892 100 2.529673 87.4714

    AC 200 330 -0.03108 100 -2.890263 92.9943


    CD 200 660 -0.014- 100 -1.001621 83.1221
    0.00308+0.005=
    -0.01205
    304.826
    q2= (m3/s) -0.00153
    Solution 3(loop 2 trial 2)
    Line Dia D Leng Assumed C H H/Q
    th flow Q2
    (mm) (m) (m3/sec) (m of water)
    CD 200 660 0.014- 100 1.001621 83.1
    0.00503
    +0.00308=
    0.01205
    DF 150 330 0.01597 100 3.42305 214

    CE 150 330 -0.01503 100 -3.05966 204


    EF 150 660 -0.00703 100 -1.500363 213
    714
    q2= (m3/s) 0.000102
    Class problem 1

    Example: Obtain the flow rates in the network shown below.

    90 l/s

    A 55 600 m B
    45
    254 mm
    10
    35 600 m
    +ve
    254 mm
    600
    600 m C C
    152 mm
    152 mm 15
    15 60l/s
    66600 600 m
    E 600 m 5 D 152 mm
    152 mm
    Correct the flows as shown below:

    90 l/s

    A 63 B

    49

    27
    C
    14
    60 //s

    11
    E 3 D
    30 l/s
    Correct flows again for the third trial

    90 l/s
    65
    A B
    52

    25
    13
    C

    60 l/s
    8

    E 5 D
    30 l/s
    Final Water Flows

    Final Water Flows

    90 l/s

    66 l/s
    53 l/s

    24 l/s
    13 l/s
    60 l/s

    7
    30 l/s 6 l/s
    Problem 1

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