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Extraction of ZN Final
Extraction of ZN Final
Presented By:-
Patel Ashik (170130121032)
Patel Manan (170130121038)
Patel Umang (170130121039)
Patel Yash (170130121040)
Pipalva Manthan (170130121041)
Metallurgy Engineering
Government Engineering College
Sec- 28, Gandhinagar.
Topics To be covered…
Introduction
• General.
• Sources of Zinc.
• Properties of Zinc.
• Applications
Extraction of Zinc
• Pyro-Metallurgical Extraction process.
• Hydro-Metallurgical Extraction process.
• Imperial Smelting Process.
Production of Zinc in India
Global Trends of Zinc
Introduction
Introduction
• Zinc is a chemical element with the symbol Zn.
• Atomic number 30.
• It is 1st element of group 12 of the periodic table.
• Appearance:- silver-gray
• Zinc is slightly brittle at room temperature.
• Discovery:- Indian Metallurgist (Before 1000 B.C.)
• Crystal structure:- Hexagonal close-packed (H.C.P)
• Magnetic type:- diamagnetic
Sr No Ore Name Chemical Image Physical
Composition Appearance
α-nitroso Filtrate
Roasting (800℃) Precipitate
Β-napthol
(mainly Cd)
Calcination Cd Recovery
Precipitated Solution
Underflow for cobalt
recovery of Mixing 𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4
precious metals Cd
Electrolysis
Overflow
Filtration
Imperial smelting process (ISP)
• Contribution in total Zinc Production :
Currently about 8-10% of the world’s primary Zinc production are through
the imperial smelting process(ISP).
• Working :
The ISP is similar to blast furnace process except that it is operated with
hot top whereby preventing reoxidation of Zinc vapors. The Process
consists of basic 2 operations namely ; sintering and blast furnace smelting
of sintered lumps to extract lead and zinc simultaneously.
• Reaction:
C + 0.5O2 = CO
C + O2 = CO2
CO2 + C = 2CO
ZnO + CO = Zn + CO2
Merits of ISP
• It is possible to simultaneously smelt low grade complex mixed
charges of Zinc and lead ores and concentrates in order to recover
both Zinc and lead.
• Since the overall efficiency is higher, the recovery of Zinc becomes
less expensive.
• A wide variety of furnace sizes are available, the trend being
towards units with larger capacities at lower operational costs.
• The furnace function is fully automated.
• The mechanism is highly robust.
Demerits of ISP
• Labor intensive process.
• Process requires mix of Zinc and lead concentrates.
• It is present demand scenario does not call for addition of
lead smelting capacity in the country.
• Because of high temperature involved in maintainability of
the plant.
• Low plant availability.
Ore Treatment in Debari Hydro-metallurgical process of zinc
This process involves the following
basic steps:-
• The treatment of ores to obtain a
concentrate rich in zinc.
• The roasting of the concentrates to
convert the zinc into a soluble form.
• The treatment of the roasted
concentrates to form a zinc sulphate
solution.
• The purification of the zinc sulphate
solution by precipitation of impurities.
• The removal of zinc from the purified
solution by electrolysis.
• The melting of zinc sheets to form
ingots.
Global Trends of Zinc
Top zinc output countries 2014
Rank Country Tonnes
1 China 5,000,000
2 Australia 1,500,000
3 Peru 1,300,000
4 India 820,000
5 United States 700,000
6 Mexico 700,000