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  • Scalator: Ar. Abhinav Srivastav

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    The document provides an overview of escalators, including their history, terminology, design guidelines, arrangements, layouts, and mechanical layouts. It discusses how Nathan Ames patented the first escalator in 1859, though no working model was built. Jesse Reno later patented and installed the first working escalator in 1896 at Coney Island. The document then defines various escalator terminology and provides guidelines on their design and arrangement. It also presents diagrams showing typical escalator layouts and mechanical components.

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    Escalator

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    The document provides an overview of escalators, including their history, terminology, design guidelines, arrangements, layouts, and mechanical layouts. It discusses how Nathan Ames patented the first escalator in 1859, though no working model was built. Jesse Reno later patented and installed the first working escalator in 1896 at Coney Island. The document then defines various escalator terminology and provides guidelines on their design and arrangement. It also presents diagrams showing typical escalator layouts and mechanical components.

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    131 views34 pages

    Scalator: Ar. Abhinav Srivastav

    Uploaded by

    annie
    The document provides an overview of escalators, including their history, terminology, design guidelines, arrangements, layouts, and mechanical layouts. It discusses how Nathan Ames patented the first escalator in 1859, though no working model was built. Jesse Reno later patented and installed the first working escalator in 1896 at Coney Island. The document then defines various escalator terminology and provides guidelines on their design and arrangement. It also presents diagrams showing typical escalator layouts and mechanical components.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 34

    ESCALATOR

    Presented By-

    Ar. Abhinav Srivastav


    Assistant Professor
    B.Arch., M.Tech (IIT-R)
    OUTLINE-
    • History
    • Introduction
    • Terminology
    • Design Guidelines
    • Arrangement
    • Layout

    Escalator
    History
    • The word escalator was coined by
    combining the Latin word for steps—
    “scala”—with the word “elevator.”

    • Nathan Ames, a patent solicitor


    from Saugus, Massachusetts, is
    credited with patenting the first
    "escalator" in 1859, despite the fact
    that no working model of his design
    was ever built.

    • On March 15, 1892, Jesse W.


    Reno patented the "Endless Conveyor
    or Elevator” Source:Illustration from U.S. Patent #25,076:
    Revolving Stairs. Issued August 9, 1859,
    to Nathan Ames

    Escalator
    History (cont.)
    • Reno, a graduate of Lehigh University,
    produced the first working escalator (he
    actually called it the "inclined elevator")
    and installed it alongside the Old Iron Pier
    at Coney Island, New York City in 1896.

    • This particular device was little more than


    an inclined belt with cast-iron slats or
    cleats on the surface for traction, and
    traveled along a 25° incline

    Escalator
    Introduction
    • An escalator is a conveyor type transport device that
    moves people. It is a moving staircase with steps that
    move up or down using a conveyor belt and tracks
    keeping each step horizontal for the passenger.
    • They are provided where it is necessary to move large
    number of people from floor to floor in minimum of
    space. For example , at railway stations , airports etc.

    • The escalators operate at a constant speed , serve only


    two levels and have a known maximum capacity ,
    which varies from 3200 to 6400 persons per hour
    depending on the width of the escalators.
    • Escalators are reversible in direction.
    • They are generally operated at a speed of not more
    than 38m/minute.

    Escalator
    Terminology
    • General Terms Relating to Escalators
    Angle of Inclination - Maximum angle to the horizontal in which the steps,
    the pallets or the belt move. It shall not be in excess of 30° from the horizontal
    excepting that with an escalators having a vertical rise not exceeding 6m an
    angle up to 35° may be allowed.

    Auxiliary Brake - Fail safe brake, which is used to stop an escalators/moving


    walk under all normal conditions or under certain fault conditions only,
    typically situated on one side of the main drive shaft.

    Balustrade - Part of the escalator/moving walk which ensures the users safety
    by providing stability, protecting from moving parts and supporting the
    handrail.

    Escalator
    Terminology (cont.)
    Balustrade Decking - Transverse member of the balustrade which meets the
    handrail guidance profile and which forms the top cover of the balustrade.
    Brake Load - Load on the step/pallet/belt for which the brake system is designed
    to stop the escalator.
    Comb - Pronged section at each landing that meshes with the grooves of the steps
    Comb Lighting - Small flush light panels located in the skirt panels on both sides
    of the escalators/moving walk unit at both upper and lower landing and
    immediately adjacent to the comb teeth to illuminate the comb and step tread and
    assist passengers boarding and alighting the escalators/moving walk.
    Comb Plate - Platform at each landing to which the combs are attached.

    Escalator
    Terminology (cont.)
    Comb Plate Switch - Switch in safety circuit that opens when excessive force is
    detected in vertical and/or horizontal direction on the comb or comb plate of
    escalators/moving walk.
    Emergency Brake - Auxiliary mechanically automatically operated brake, which
    will stop a fully loaded escalator, if the drive chain breaks.
    Emergency Stop Switch - Separate stop button usually located in adjacent walls,
    columns or within the balustrade providing the facility to stop the
    escalator/moving walk, in the event of emergency.

    Escalator - Power-driven, inclined, continuous moving stairway used for raising or


    lowering persons in which the user carrying surface (for example, steps) remains
    horizontal.
    NOTE - Escalators are machines, and even when out of operation, shall not be
    considered as fixed staircases as there could be a safety concern.

    Escalator
    Terminology (cont.)
    Exterior Panel - Part of the exterior side of the enclosure of an escalator.

    Handrail - Power-driven moving rail for persons to grip while using the escalator.

    Interior Panel - Panel located between the skirting or lower inner decking and
    the handrail guidance profile or balustrade decking.
    Machinery - Escalator or moving walk machine(s) mechanisms and associated
    equipment.
    Machinery Spaces - Space(s) inside or outside of the truss where the machinery as
    a whole or in parts is placed.
    Maximum Capacity - Maximum flow of persons that can be achieved under
    operational conditions.

    Newel - End of the balustrade.

    Escalator
    Terminology (cont.)
    Nominal/Rated Speed - Speed in the direction of the moving steps, pallets or the
    belt stated by the manufacturer for which the escalator or moving walk has been
    designed, without load on the steps/pallets/ belt at nominal frequency and nominal
    voltage.
    Pit - Recess in the floor to receive that portion of the lower landing and the lower
    end of the incline section which occurs below the floor line when there is no floor
    under the escalator such as in a basement.
    Rated Load - Load which the equipment is designed to move.
    Rise (Travel) - Vertical distance between the upper and lower finished floor
    levels.
    Safety Circuit - Part of the electric safety system consisting of electrical safety
    devices.
    Skirting - Vertical part of the balustrade interfacing with the steps, pallets or
    belt.

    Escalator
    Design Guidelines
    • Escalators are desirable where the movement of people, in large numbers at a
    controlled rate in the minimum of space, is involved, for example, railway
    stations, shopping centers/malls, airports, etc. These encourage people to
    circulate freely and conveniently.
    • As the escalators and moving
    walks operate at a constant
    speed, serve only two levels and
    have a known maximum
    capacity, the traffic study is
    rather easy, provided the
    population to be handled in a
    given time is known. It is easy to
    predict the rate at which the
    population can be handled.

    Escalator
    Design Guidelines (cont.)

    Capacity of escalators

    Flow chart of escalators

    Escalator
    Design Guidelines (cont.)

    Escalator
    Arrangement

    Escalator
    Arrangement (cont.)

    Escalator
    Layout

    Escalator
    Layout

    Escalator
    Layout

    Escalator
    Mechanical Layout

    Escalator
    Mechanical Layout

    Escalator
    Mechanical Layout

    Escalator
    Mechanical Layout

    Escalator
    Mechanical Layout

    Escalator
    Spiral Escalator

    Escalator
    Spiral Escalator

    Escalator
    Spiral Escalator

    Escalator
    Spiral Escalator

    Escalator
    Spiral Escalator

    Escalator
    Spiral Escalator

    Escalator
    Spiral Escalator

    Escalator
    Spiral Escalator

    Escalator
    Interesting Facts

    • The first escalator installed in Coney Island, New York City.

    • The first Elevator at Raj Bhavan – Kolkata in late 19th century.

    • The first Escalator at Reserve Bank of India, Kolkata in mid 60’s.

    Escalator
    References
    • National Building Code-2016
    • International Building Code
    • Neufert, Architect data
    • Fred Hall, Building Services Handbook
    • Elevatorworld
    • OTIS Brochure
    • Mitsubishi Brochure
    • Time Saver Architecture Design Data

    Escalator
    Thanks

    Climatology Lab Development

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