Length of A Confidence Interval
Length of A Confidence Interval
Confidence
Interval
Confidence interval function
to estimate the value of
population parameters.
Researchers aim to
produce the smallest interval
possible.
A. Using a sample with size 30,
the mean salary of the
teachers in SNHS is ₱10 000 to
₱40 000.
B. Using a sample with size 60 the
mean salary of the teachers is
₱35 000 to ₱38 000
How to find the length
of the confidence
interval?
It can be computed by
subtracting the lower
limit from the upper limit.
Task: TRIAD
Derive the formula for the length of the confidence interval
using the following:
𝜎 𝜎
a. 𝑥ҧ − 𝑧𝛼 𝑛
< 𝜇 < 𝑥ҧ + 𝑧𝛼
𝑛
2 2
𝑝ො𝑞ො 𝑝ො𝑞ො
b. 𝑝ො − 𝑧𝛼 < 𝑝 < 𝑝ො + 𝑧𝛼
2 𝑛 2 𝑛
(𝑛−1)𝑠 2 (𝑛−1)𝑠 2
c. 2 < 𝜎2 <
𝜒𝛼 𝜒2 𝛼
2 ,𝑛−1
1− 2 ,𝑛−1
Confidence Interval for the Mean
Previously,
𝜎 𝜎
𝑥ҧ − 𝑧𝛼 < 𝜇 < 𝑥ҧ + 𝑧𝛼
2 𝑛 2 𝑛
𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ = 𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 − 𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡
𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ =
𝜎 𝜎
𝑥ҧ + 𝑧𝛼 − 𝑥ҧ − 𝑧𝛼
2 𝑛 2 𝑛
𝜎
𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ = 2𝑧𝛼
2 𝑛
Similarly,
𝑠
𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ = 2𝑡𝛼
2 𝑛
Length of Confidence Interval
for Proportion
𝑝Ƹ 𝑞ො 𝑝Ƹ 𝑞ො
𝑝Ƹ − 𝑧𝛼 < 𝑝 < 𝑝Ƹ + 𝑧𝛼
2 𝑛 2 𝑛
Deriving the equation:
𝑝Ƹ 𝑞ො
𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ = 2𝑧𝛼
2 𝑛
Length of the Confidence Interval for
Variance
(𝑛 − 1)𝑠 2 (𝑛 − 1)𝑠 2
< 𝜎 2 <
2 2
𝜒𝛼 𝜒 𝛼
,𝑛−1 1− ,𝑛−1
2 2
Deriving the equation:
2
1 1
𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ = 𝑛 − 1 𝑠 2 − 2
𝜒 𝛼 𝜒𝛼
1−
2 2
1. Find the length of a 95%
confidence interval for the
mean of the normal
population with standard
deviation of 3 when the
sample size is 25.
Solution: This is a case for z
– interval because the
variance of the population is
given.
𝑛 = 25, 𝜎 = 3
Ans: 2.352
1. 𝐶 = 95%, 𝑛 = 25, 𝜎 = 3
𝐴𝑛𝑠: 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ = 2.352
2. 𝐶 = 99%, 𝑛 = 25, 𝜎 = 3
𝐴𝑛𝑠 ∶ 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ = 3.09
3. 𝐶 = 95%, 𝑛 = 100, 𝜎 = 3
𝐴𝑛𝑠: 𝐿𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ = 1.176
1.The larger the size of the
sample, the narrower the
confidence interval.
2.The smaller the confidence
level, the narrower the
confidence interval.
The best confidence
interval as
recommended is 95%
with a large sample size.
Answer the following:
1. A random sample with size 16 is selected from a
certain population with standard deviation of 2.5.
Compute the length of a 90% confidence interval
estimates the population mean.
2. Find the length of the 90% confidence interval for
the variance of the nicotine content of cigarettes
when a sample of 30 cigarettes produced a
standard deviation of 1.9 milligrams.
3. Find the length of the confidence interval for the
population proportion when 𝑛 = 12, 𝑝Ƹ = 0.34,
90% 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑓𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑙.