Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Fire Alarm
Fire Alarm
AIM
2. INTRODUCTION
3. THEORY
4. APPARATUS
5. WORKING
6. OBSERVATION
7. CONCLUSION
8. PRECAUTIONS
9. BIBLIOGRAPHY
To design a system which detects the
unwanted presence of fire by monitoring
environmental changes –
FIRE ALARM SYSTEM
Fire alarm system is a system used to detect fire in
immediate surrounding. In general it is either
classified as automatic , manually activated or
both. Automatic fire alarm system can be used to
notify people to evacuate in the event of fire or
emergency.
They are designed to fulfill two general requirements
: protection of property and life.
A Fire alarm system has a number of devices working
together to detect and warn people through visual and
audio appliances when smoke, fire are present. . Alarms
can be either motorized bells or wall mountable sounders
or horns. Fire alarm sounders can be set to certain
frequencies and different tones including low, medium
and high, depending on the country and manufacturer of
the device. Fire alarm warning devices can also be set to
different volume levels.
1. Battery
2. Printed Circuit Board (PCB)
3. Fire Switch
4. Buzzer
5. Connecting Wires
6. Battery Cap
7. Candle
8. LED indicator
9. Height adjustable grill
10. Resistance
All the materials are assembled. We have a buzzer that will sound as
soon as a fire is detected by the fire switch.
The main component of the whole circuit is the fire switch that is
responsible for its working.
FIRE SWITCH:
It is a device that works on the stimulus of temperature. It consists of a
bimetallic strips that are initially separated when there is no fire
that is the temperature is normal room temperature. As soon as
there is a fire the temperature goes up and the strips come closer to
touch each other and complete the circuit. This leads the current to
flow in the circuit and the buzzer sounds with lighting of the LED.
We have seen that initially there was no buzzer sound as
there was no fire detected when we bring the burning
candle near the fire switch with a time lag of 5-10 secs the
buzzer rings and the LED glows thus completing the
circuit. When we remove burning candle away from
switch the buzzer continues to give the sound for
sometime and then stops.
• We conclude that the fire alarm successfully detects the
presence of fire and atmospheric changes related to
smoke. In some cases fire alarm is a part of complete
security system, in addition to a burglary protection
system.
• Fire alarms are suitable for homes, schools, coaching
classes and function as a catalyst in saving lives.
• THE FIRE ALARM CONSTRUCTED IS RELIABLE AT LOW
COST.
• Components of the circuit should be handled
carefully.
• Connecting wires should be insulated to prevent
disturbance.
• Connections should be tight as it may break easily.
At least 20 people were killed in a massive fire which broke out at a
four-storey building, housing a coaching centre, in Surat on Friday 24
May 2019 . Many people, mostly teenage students, died either due to
suffocation or by jumping off the building to escape the FIRE. The fire
was reportedly triggered by a short circuit.
Such a big accident could have been avoided if the fire alarm system
was set up . Thereafter , Vijay Rupani ordered a fire safety audit of
schools, colleges and coaching centres in the state.
• https://www.slideshare.net/NIKHILDUGGAL4/fire-
alarm-physics-project-cbse-class-12
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_alarm_system
• https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/surat-fire-
accident-news-coaching-centre-gujarat-1534340-
2019-05-25