Quality Engineering

SEMINAR
ON
QUALITY ENGINEERING
Guided by- Presented by-

Dr.M.A. Saloda Umesh Chouhan
Asst. Professor B.E. final year
Introduction
Different Definitions
Various Activities
Various Characteristics
Taguchi Approach of Quality Engineering
Major Concept of Taguchi
On-line & Off-line Quality Control
Quality Function Deployment
Quality Management
Six Sigma
INTRODUCTION
 Quality Engineering is defined as "the branch of engineering which deals
with the principles and practice of product and service quality assurance
and quality control ".
 Quality Engineering is a discipline that deal with the analysis of a

manufacturing system at all stage, to improve the Quality of the
production process and of its output.
 Quality involves developing specifications to meet customer needs,

manufacturing products which satisfy those specifications, and then
providing after-sales services.
 The word "Quality" represents the properties of products and/or services

that are valued by the consumer.
ACTIVITIES OF QUALITY
1. Product planning: planning for the function, price, life cycle, etc. of
the product concerned.
2. Product design: designing the product to have the functions decided
in product planning
3. Process design: designing the manufacturing process to have the
functions decided in the product design.
4. Production: the process of actually making the product so that it is of
the designed quality.
5. Sales: activities to sell the manufactured product.
6. After-sales service: customer service activities such as maintenance
and product services.
Various Characteristics of Quality
1. Quality of design: quality of product planning, product design and

process design.
2. Quality of conformance: quality of production
3. Quality of service: quality of sales and after-sales services.
Nowadays, these three aspects of quality are equally important in the

manufacturing company. If any one of them is not up to the mark, then the
overall quality system is unbalanced, and the company will face serious
problems.
Taguchi approach of Quality Engineering
 A product’s cost can be divided into two main parts: before sale and
after sale to the customer.
 The costs incurred before sale are the manufacturing costs, and the
costs incurred after sale are those due to quality loss.
 Quality engineering is an interdisciplinary science which is concerned
with not only producing satisfactory products for customers but also
reducing the total loss.
Total cost = Manufacturing cost + Quality Loss
 he stresses that quality variation is the main enemy of quality
engineering
Robust Design
 Robust design is an engineering methodology for optimizing the

product and process conditions which are minimally sensitive to
the various causes of variation, and which produce high-quality
products with low development and manufacturing costs.
 Two major tools used in robust design are:
 Signal-to-noise ratio, which measures quality with emphasis on

variation;
 Orthogonal arrays, which accommodate many design factors

(parameters) simultaneously.
Major Concepts of Taguchi’s
IMPORTANCE OF DESIGN STAGE
Deming observed that 85% of poor quality is attributed to the manufacturing process for which
managers are responsible, and only 15% to the workers. Similarly, Taguchi asserts that product
and process design have a much greater impact on product quality than manufacturing and
inspection. Quality should be designed into the product and not inspected into it.
TREATMENT OF QUALITY VARIATION
Quality is best achieved by minimizing the deviation from a target. He introduces the loss
function
L( y) = k( y − m)2 ,
which is to be minimized, where y is the quality characteristic, m is the target value and k is an
appropriate constant. He also uses signal-to-noise (SN) ratios which are based in principle on the
loss function.
OFF-LINE AND ON-LINE QUALITY CONTROL (QC)
Off-line QC: Activities for quality of design through market research and
product/process development, which are QC efforts away from production
lines.
On-line QC: Activities for quality of conformance and quality of service
through manufacturing care, inspection and customer service.
Quality Function Deployment
 Quality Function Deployment (QFD)is a systematic approach to
design based on a close awareness of customer desires, coupled with
the integration of corporate functional groups.
 The voice of the customer translated into the voice of the
engineer(What's and How).
 The 3 main goals in implementing QFD are-
1. Prioritize spoken and unspoken customer wants and needs.
2. Translate these needs into technical characteristics and specifications.
3. Build and deliver a quality product or service by focusing everybody
toward customer satisfaction.
QFD Process
Tools
1.Pareto Charts
The Pareto principle suggests that most effects come from relatively few causes.
In quantitativeterms: 80% of the problems come from 20% of the causes.
Tools
Control Charts
Control charts are a method of Statistical Process Control, SPC. Upper and lower
control and tolerance limits are calculated for a process and sampled measures are
regularly plotted about a central line between the two sets of limits.
TOOLS
FLOW CHART
A flowchart is a picture of the separate steps of a process in sequential
order.
Quality management
 Quality Management can be considered to have four main components: quality
planning, quality control, quality assurance and quality improvement.
 Since quality engineering (QE) is focused on product/process design and

production for customer requirement, we may write QE and QM in the following
equations:
QE = QC + QI + QA
QM = QP + QC + QI + QA
QM = QP + QE
 Quality management is focused not only on product/service quality, but also the
means to achieve it.
Six sigma
 Six Sigma has evolved significantly and continues to expand to improve the
performance of processes.
 Six Sigma is a new strategic paradigm of management innovation for company

survival in this 21st century, which implies three things:
1. statistical measurement, it is tells good our products, services and processes are
through statistical measurement of process performance.
2. management strategy , It is a new management strategy to create quality

innovation and total customer satisfaction.
3. human resource management.

THANK YOU…

Quality Engineering

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SEMINAR

Guided by- Presented by-

 Quality Engineering is a discipline that deal with the analysis of a

 Quality involves developing specifications to meet customer needs,

 The word "Quality" represents the properties of products and/or services

1. Quality of design: quality of product planning, product design and

Nowadays, these three aspects of quality are equally important in the

 Robust design is an engineering methodology for optimizing the

 Two major tools used in robust design are:

 Signal-to-noise ratio, which measures quality with emphasis on

 Orthogonal arrays, which accommodate many design factors

TREATMENT OF QUALITY VARIATION

 Since quality engineering (QE) is focused on product/process design and

 Six Sigma is a new strategic paradigm of management innovation for company

2. management strategy , It is a new management strategy to create quality

3. human resource management.

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