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Intro to Shakespeare

Romeo and Juliet

By William Shakespeare
Dramatic Terminology

Tragedy: A narrative about serious and important actions


that end unhappily, usually with the death of the main
characters.
The play is broken up into acts and the acts are broken up
into scenes.
Monologue: A long uninterrupted speech given by one
character onstage to everyone.
Soliloquy: A long uninterrupted speech given by one
character alone on stage, inaudible to other characters
Aside: A short speech given by one character, traditionally
the other characters cannot hear.
Dramatic Terminology

Pun: A humorous play on words


 A carpenter must have been here. I saw dust.
 Energizer Bunny arrested - charged with battery.
Origin!?
Shakespeare did not invent the story of Romeo
and Juliet. A poet named Arthur Brooks wrote
the story of Romeus and Juliet as a long poem
that was itself not original, but rather an
adaptation of adaptations that stretched across
nearly a hundred years and two languages.
Many of the details of Shakespeare’s plot are
taken directly from Brooks’ poem, including
the meeting of Romeo and Juliet at the ball,
their secret marriage, Romeo’s fight with
Tybalt, the sleeping potion, and the timing of
their suicides.
Shakespearean Tragedy

 Tragedies may involve comedic moments, but tend towards more serious,
dramatic plots with an ending that involves the death of main characters.
The main features of a Shakespearean Tragedy are that:
 Characters become isolated or there is social breakdown
 Ends in death
 There is a sense that events are inevitable or inescapable
 There is usually a central figure who is noble but with a character flaw
which leads them towards their eventual downfall
Romeo and Juliet Plot Structure

Act III: Crisis/Turning Point


A series of complications

Act IV: Falling Action


Act II: Rising Action
Results of the turning
A series of point; characters locked
complications into deeper disaster

Act I: Exposition Act V:


Climax/Resolution/Denouement
Establishes setting,
characters, conflict, Death of the main characters and then
and background the loose parts of the plot are tied up
Summary
Romeo and Juliet is a story about two
teenagers who fall in love but are
forbidden to see each other by their
parents. They meet one night at a party
(Romeo is actually there to check out
another girl, Rosaline) and quickly fall in
love. Unfortunately, Juliet’s parents
already have a husband picked out for
her. So, the two decide to get married
and enlist the help of Juliet’s nurse to act
as a messenger between the two and Friar
Laurence who agrees to marry them.
However, plans go awry after Romeo is
banished from Verona and doesn’t get
filled in on the plans that Juliet has for
them to live happily ever after…
Setting

The story is set in the late


1500’s mostly in the town
of Verona, Italy. However,
there are a few acts set in
Mantua, Italy a smaller
town just a few miles away.
Verona Today
Today, Verona has an
incredible amount of graffiti,
which is legal, provided that
you are writing about your love
for someone.
Social Setting

 The time period of the setting of Romeo and Juliet is important to the
reader in understanding the relationships among the aristocratic families in
Verona, Italy, male and female roles, interpersonal relationships within
families, the role of the Church, marriage customs, celebrations,
friendships, and feuds.
 In fourteenth century Italy, young males were allowed to move freely
about, but the females were quite sheltered. With such freedom, when
tempers flared, swords were often pulled, especially with the enmity
between the two feuding families of the Capulets and the Montagues.
Social Setting

 In aristocratic families, the daughters, like Juliet, led sheltered lives and had
their marriages arranged for them at young ages. Thus, such an action as
Juliet's secretly marrying Romeo, and his being an enemy would be
outrageous. This is why Juliet exclaims upon learning of Romeo:
 My only love sprung from my only hate!
Too early seen unknown and know too late!
Prodigious birth of love it is to me
That I must love a loathed enemy. (1.5)
Role of Women

 Shakespeare wrote Romeo and Juliet in the 16th century, at a time when
the role of the woman was to be subservient to men and act as a wife to
their husband and a mother to their children.
 Women were expected to conform to the expectations of society, and
were seen as possessions by their fathers and husbands. Fathers arranged
their daughters’ marriages, usually for financial or social gain for the family.
 In Romeo and Juliet, the unfair treatment of women is conveyed through
characters such as Juliet, a young girl who is growing up within the
expectations of society, and Lady Capulet, who represents a traditional
side of love, and values social position rather than men themselves.
Comedy and Tragedy
Romeo and Juliet begins as a comedy but ends as a
tragedy
Elements of a tragedy
Elements of a comedy
•Must have a tragic hero/heroine
•A struggle of young lovers to
•Ends in the death of many of the main
overcome difficulty that is often
characters
presented by elders
•Separation and unification
•Heightened tensions, often
within a family

The shift from comedy to tragedy is what sets


Romeo and Juliet apart from the rest of
Shakespeare’s plays
Themes
Love
 The power of love
 Love as a cause for violence

Hate
•Hate as a forced emotion
Fate
•The inevitability of fate
Interesting…
The Italian city of Verona, where
Romeo and Juliet lived, receives about
1,000 letters addressed to Juliet every
Valentine's Day.
“Star-crossed lovers” refers to two
people who are in love but have
conflicting astrological signs. In
Shakespeare’s times, people believed
the course of their lives was
determined by the exact second they
were born.
The Feud
Romeo’s family, the
Montagues, have a long
standing feud with
Juliet’s family, the
Capulets. While the
audience never learns
about the source of the
ancient quarrel, we do
learn that it has recently
grown stronger.
ACTIVITY

 Research 25 Facts and great a fun fact chart on the play Romeo and Juliet

 Research the lives of men and women within the Elizabethan Era, their
beliefs and practices
 read The Prologue and answer the questions.
 Highlight 5 words that stand out in the prologue create a flowchart of
simial terms

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