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  • 1.weights and Measures

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    This document discusses different systems of weights and measures used in metrology. It describes the metric system which uses kilograms, grams, liters and meters as base units of weight, volume and length. The imperial system uses pounds, ounces, gallons and inches and is divided into avoirdupois and apothecary/troy systems. Conversion factors between metric and imperial units are provided. Domestic and medical measures are also defined in metric equivalents.

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    This document discusses different systems of weights and measures used in metrology. It describes the metric system which uses kilograms, grams, liters and meters as base units of weight, volume and length. The imperial system uses pounds, ounces, gallons and inches and is divided into avoirdupois and apothecary/troy systems. Conversion factors between metric and imperial units are provided. Domestic and medical measures are also defined in metric equivalents.

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    492 views11 pages

    1.weights and Measures

    Uploaded by

    kashifiqbal
    This document discusses different systems of weights and measures used in metrology. It describes the metric system which uses kilograms, grams, liters and meters as base units of weight, volume and length. The imperial system uses pounds, ounces, gallons and inches and is divided into avoirdupois and apothecary/troy systems. Conversion factors between metric and imperial units are provided. Domestic and medical measures are also defined in metric equivalents.

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    Weights and Measures

    Metrology
     The Science of Measurement
     Measurement is “to determine the dimension,
    quantity or capacity of something”
     These are important to know dose and other
    details about administration of drugs.
     The drugs and solutions can be measured by
    using various units.
    Weights and Measures

     We use two different systems


     Metric system
     Imperial system
     Imperial system is further divided into
    two systems
     a. Avoirdupois system
     b. Apothecary system (UK)/Troy system
    METRIC SYSTEM

     From its beginning, the main features of the


    metric system were the standard set of
    interrelated base units and a standard set of
    prefixes in powers of ten.
     These base units are used to derive larger and
    smaller units that could replace a huge number
    of other units of measure in existence.
     In metric system:
     Base for weight is kilogram (kg)
     Base for volume is liter (l)
     Base of length is meter (m)
    Measures of weight in metric system
    1 kilogram (kg) = 1000 grams (g)
    1 gram = 1000 milligrams (mg)
    1 milligram (10-3 g) = 1000 micrograms (μg or
    mcg)
    1 microgram (10-6g) = 1000 nanograms (ng)
    1 nanogram (10-9g) = 1000 picograms (pg)
    1 picogram (10-12g) = 1000 femtograms (fg)

    Measures of capacity (volume) in metric system


    1 liter (L) = 1000 milliliters (ml)
    1 ml = 1000 μl
    Imperial system.

     Another less commonly used system is imperial


    system.
     It can be:

     a. Avoirdupois system

    Standard for weight = pounds (lb)


    1 lb = 7000 grains
    1 lb = 16 ounce (oz)
     b. Apothecary system (UK)/Troy system
    Standard for weight is grains
     1 oz = 480 grains

     1 lb = 12 oz
    Volume in Imperial system

     Measure for volume in both these system is


    Gallon

     1 gallon (C. or gal.) = 4 quarts = 8 pints

     1 quart (qt.) = 2 pints = 32 fluid ounces

     1 pint (pt.) = 16 fluid ounces (fl. oz. or )


    CONVERSION BETWEEN
    SYSTEMS
     CONVERSION BETWEEN SYSTEMS
     Weight 2.2 pounds = 1 kilogram (kg.)
     1 grain (gr.) = 60 milligrams (mg.)
     Fluid Measure
     1 fluid ounce (fl. oz.) = 30 milliliters
     1 pint = 473 milliliters
    There are also domestic
    measures to measure:
     Domestic measures Metric equivalent
     1 drop = 1/20 ml,
     1 ml = 20 drops (approx.)
     1 teaspoonful = 5 ml
     1 dessertspoonful = 10 ml
     1 tablespoonful = 15 ml
     1 glassful = 150 ml
     1 tumbler ful = 240 ml
    Medical Weights and
    Measures:
     1cc= 1ml
     1ounce= 30cc
     1teaspoon= 5ml
     1cup=8 ounces= 240ml
     1pint=16 ounces= 500ml
     1quart=32ounces= 1000cc
     1liter= 1000ml

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