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Chapter 2. Exposure and Vulnerability
Chapter 2. Exposure and Vulnerability
Vulnerability
Chapter 2
DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION
Vulnerability
Demographic Factors
• Population density
• Age of population
• Distribution of population
Factors of Vulnerability
Community Preparedness
• Building codes
• Scientific monitoring and early
warning system
• Communication networks
• Emergency Planning
The Types of Social
Vulnerability
Economic
Types of Vulnerability
• Physical Vulnerability
• It may be determined by aspects such as
population density levels, remoteness of a
settlement, the site design and materials
used for critical infrastructure and for
housing.
• United Nations International Strategy for
Disaster Reduction (UNISDR).
Types of Vulnerability
• Social Vulnerability
• Refers to the inability of people,
organization and societies to withstand
adverse impacts to hazards due to
characteristics inherent in social
interactions, institutions and system of
cultural values.
Types of Vulnerability
• Economic Vulnerability
• The level of vulnerability is highly
dependent upon the economic status of
individuals, communities and nations.
• The poor are usually more vulnerable to
disasters because they lack the resources
to build sturdy structures and put other
engineering measures in place to protect
themselves from being negatively
impacted by disaster.
Types of Vulnerability
• Environmental Vulnerability
• Natural resources depletion and
resource degradation are key
aspects of environmental
vulnerability
Elements Exposed to Hazard
• Human beings;
• Dwellings or households and communities;
• Building structures;
• Public facilities and infrastructure assets;
• Public transport system;
• Agricultural commodities; and
• Environmental assets
Quantifying Vulnerability