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Introduction To Industrial Safety and Environmental Engineering
Introduction To Industrial Safety and Environmental Engineering
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
KUNDAN KUMAR
Research Assistant
Institute of Environmental Engineering & Management
Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamshoro 1
INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL
SAFETY
2
Objectives Contents Controlling
hazards
Introduction Evaluation of
and basic Health
concepts Hazards
Recognition
of health
hazards
3
Evaluation of work hazards and
testing control measures
01 05 Educate workers
on the principles
Detect work hazards of safe conduct at
related to occupation,
1. Objectives work
work and work
environment
2. Introduction and basic concepts
5
2. Introduction and basic concepts
Occupational hygiene
This is the practice of assessment and control of environmental factors and
stresses arising in or from the workplace, which may cause injury, sickness,
impaired health and well-being or significant discomfort and inefficiency
among workers or among the citizens of the community.
Inspection of the workplace is the best source of directly relevant data about health
hazards. There is no substitute for observation of work practices, use of chemical and
physical agents, and the apparent effectiveness of control measures. The PHG worker
should be able to recognize major and obvious health hazards and distinguish those that
require formal evaluation by the industrial hygienist. 11
3. REGOGNITION OF HEALTH HAZARDS
12
POTENTIAL HEALTH HAZARDS
Biological Ph
ha ys
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hazards za ica
za ic
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ha em
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Erg ards
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haz
mina
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Hazards
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13
Physical Hazards
27
5. CONTROLLING HAZARDS
28
ENVIRONMENT, ECOSYSTEM AND
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
29
30
ENVIRONMENT
Environment can be defined as one’s surroundings, which includes
everything around as organism i.e., abiotic (non living) and biotic (living)
environment.
Abiotic environment consists of soil, water and air, while the biotic
environment includes all other organism, with which the organism comes
into regular contract.
“Environment may refer to a small localized area in which a specific problem
• Natural Environment
• Anthropogenic Environment
TYPES OF ENVIRONMENT
Natural Environment
The natural environment encompasses all living and non-living things
species.
The concept of the natural environment can be distinguished by
components.
TYPES OF ENVIRONMENT
Natural Environment
Complete ecological units that function as natural systems without
massive human intervention, including
all vegetation, microorganisms, soil, rocks, atmosphere, and natural
phenomena that occur within their boundaries.
Universal natural resources and physical phenomena that lack clear-cut
Anthropogenic Environment
Manmade Environment
Artificial Environment
Example;
Hydrosphere
Lithosphere
Atmosphere
Biosphere
SEGMENTS OF HYDROSPHE
NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
RE
The hydrosphere (from Greek Hydrous, "water“ and sphaira,
"sphere“ in physical geography describes the combined mass
of water found on, under, and over the surface of a planet.
1386 million cubic kilometers of water on earth.
This includes water in liquid and frozen forms in groundwater's,
glaciers, oceans, lakes and streams.
Saline water account for 97.5% , Fresh Water 2.5%
Where the water is?
Distribution of the world’s water
41
SEGMENTS OF NATURAL
LITHOSPHE
ENVIRONMENT
RE
The lithosphere (Ancient Greek: [lithos] for "rocky",
and [sphaira] for "sphere") is the rigid outermost shell of
a rocky planet. On Earth, it comprises the crust and the
portion of the upper mantle that behaves elastically on
time scales of thousands of years or greater.
SEGMENTS OF NATURAL
ATMOSPHE
ENVIRONMENT
RE
An atmosphere (New Latin atmosphere, created in the
17th century from Greek [atoms] "vapor" and sphere”) is
a layer of gases surrounding a material body of
sufficient mass that is held in place by the gravity of the
body. An atmosphere is more likely to be retained if the
gravity is high and the atmosphere's temperature is low.
SEGMENTS OF NATURAL
BIOSPHE
ENVIRONMENT
RE
Life Present on earth
ECOSYSTEM
It is system in which all living and Nonliving things interact
Pollution Remediation
Pollution treatment