Operating System: Presented by

Operating System
Presented By:
Sonu
Sihmar
Agenda
 What is OS?
 Structure Of OS.
 Purpose Of OS?
 Why we Need Of OS?
 What OS does?
 Functions Of OS.
 Features Of OS.
 Types of OS.
 Advantages of OS.
 Conclusion.
Introduction……
What is an operating system
An operating system is a
program that acts as an
intermediate between the user
and the computer hardware.
Operatingsystem is the set of

programs that controls a
computer.
Theoperating system is a vital
component of the system
software in a computer system.
Examples:
Windows, Linux, Unix
and Mac OS, etc.
Some Examples of
Operating System
Computer System Structure
 Computer system can be divided into four components:.
◦ Hardware – provides basic computing resources.
 CPU, memory, I/O devices.
◦ Operating system-
 Controls and coordinates use of hardware among
various applications and users.
◦ Application programs – define the ways in which the
system resources are used to solve the computing
problems of the users.
 Word processors, compilers, web browsers,
database systems, video games.
◦ Users
 People, machines, other computers.
Structure Of Operating System
Structure of Operating
System (Contd…):
 The structure of OS consists of 4 layers:
1. Hardware:
Hardware consists of CPU, Main memory,
I/O Devices, etc,
2. Software (Operating System):

Software includes process management
routines, memory management routines,
I/O control routines, file management
routines.
(Contd…)
Static view
Structure Of Operating
System (Contd…):
3. System programs:
This layer consists of compilers,
Assemblers, linker etc.
4. Application programs:
This is dependent on users need. Ex.
Railway reservation system, Bank
database management etc.,
Dynamic view
Purpose of Operating System
 Operating systems exist for two main purposes:
1. It is designed to make sure a computer

system
performs well by managing all its
activities.
2. It provides an environment for the

development and execution of programs.
Why Need Of OS?
 It allows a program to run on multiple different
types of hardware.
 An operating system provides a layer between

the program and hardware to enable a program
to use a standard interface no matter what
hardware is used.
 Without an operating system, you would have to

access all of the hardware at a very low level -
implement your own file system, etc.
 The operating system handles the jobs so that

other programs can concentrate on something
What OS does?
 An operating system performs basic tasks such as,
 Controlling and Allocating Memory,
 Prioritizing system requests,
 Controlling input and output devices,
 Facilitating networking and
 Managing file systems.

Features Of OS
 Managing Resources.
 Providing a user interface.
 Control to the computer hardware.
 Support for built-in utility programs.
 Reliable.
 Enhance time sharing.
 Operational at all times.
 Coordination and have good control of input and
output operations.
Functions Of OS
 Process Management.
 Resource Management.
 Memory Management.
 File Management.
 Security Management.
 Communication Management.
Process management
 By process management OS manages many
kinds of activities :-
◦ All process from start to shut down:
◦ Open,
◦ Save,
◦ Copy,
◦ Print,
◦ Send and
◦ Install.
Resource Management
 It is a technique of managing Resources.
 Its Operating System Primary Responsibility.
 Installing drivers required from input,

output,power,memory, communication device.
 Coordinating among peripheral.

File Management
 The file management system allows the user to
perform such tasks:-
Creating files and directories.
Renaming files.
Coping and moving files.
Deleting files.
Security Management
 By security management OS manages many
tasks such as:-
Alert messages.
Dialogue boxes.
Firewall.
Passwords.
Communication management
 User-application-software-hardware.
 Command interpretation.
 Downloading- uploading.
 One computer to another computer-LAN/WAN.

Types Of OS
 Real time operating system.
 Single user, single tasking.
 Single user, multi tasking.
 Multi user, multi tasking.

Real time operating system
 A real time operating system is a
very fast, relatively small OS.
 It is needed to run real-time
applications.
 It may support multiple
simultaneous tasks or it may

support only single tasking.
 Real time applications are
needed to run medical

diagnostics equipment, life-
support system, scientific
instruments & industrial system.
Single user, single tasking
 An operating system
that allows a single user
to perform just one task
at a time is a Single
user-single tasking
operating system.
 To a user a task is a
function such as printing

a document , writing a
file to disk, editing a file
or downloading a file
from a network server.
 MS-DOS is an example of
a single-tasking OS
3
Single user/multitasking
 A single user-multitasking
operating system is one
that allows a single user
to perform two or more
functions at once.
 The most commonly used
personal computers
usually run such Os,
including Microsoft
Windows and Macintosh
operating system.
Multi user/ Multi tasking
 Multi-user operating system
which means more than one
user is logged on and can use
the computer at the same time.
 Allows multiple users to access
the computer system at the

same time.
 Time Sharing system and
Internet servers as the multi

user systems.
 Examples of multi user- multi
tasking Oss include UNIX.

Advantages Of OS
 Easy to use and User friendly.
 It is a plate-form of all programs.
 No need to know any technical language.
 Allocating memory is easy and cheap .
 Allows Paging and demand paging concepts.
 More efficient in swapping.

Conclusion
World without Operating system is like

human without heart..
QUERIES!!!
Thank You….

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Operating System

Operatingsystem is the set of

2. Software (Operating System):

 Operating systems exist for two main purposes:

1. It is designed to make sure a computer

2. It provides an environment for the

 An operating system provides a layer between

 Without an operating system, you would have to

 The operating system handles the jobs so that

 Controlling and Allocating Memory,

 Prioritizing system requests,

 Controlling input and output devices,

 Facilitating networking and

 Managing file systems.

 Its Operating System Primary Responsibility.

 Installing drivers required from input,

 Coordinating among peripheral.

Creating files and directories.

Coping and moving files.

 One computer to another computer-LAN/WAN.

 Single user, single tasking.

 Single user, multi tasking.

 Multi user, multi tasking.

simultaneous tasks or it may

needed to run medical

function such as printing

the computer system at the

Internet servers as the multi

tasking Oss include UNIX.

 It is a plate-form of all programs.

 No need to know any technical language.

 Allocating memory is easy and cheap .

 Allows Paging and demand paging concepts.

 More efficient in swapping.

World without Operating system is like

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