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    Here are the answers to the multiple choice questions: 1. B 2. B 3. C Diabetes mellitus type 2 affects how our body utilizes glucose as its primary energy source. Once nerve damage occurs from conditions like diabetic neuropathy, current medical treatments cannot repair the damage, though symptoms can be managed. Diabetic neuropathy damages tissues nourishing nerves and reduces glucose availability to nerves, both leading to gradual nerve degeneration.

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    Here are the answers to the multiple choice questions: 1. B 2. B 3. C Diabetes mellitus type 2 affects how our body utilizes glucose as its primary energy source. Once nerve damage occurs from conditions like diabetic neuropathy, current medical treatments cannot repair the damage, though symptoms can be managed. Diabetic neuropathy damages tissues nourishing nerves and reduces glucose availability to nerves, both leading to gradual nerve degeneration.

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    124 views9 pages

    Diabetic Neuropathy

    Uploaded by

    api-511118388
    Here are the answers to the multiple choice questions: 1. B 2. B 3. C Diabetes mellitus type 2 affects how our body utilizes glucose as its primary energy source. Once nerve damage occurs from conditions like diabetic neuropathy, current medical treatments cannot repair the damage, though symptoms can be managed. Diabetic neuropathy damages tissues nourishing nerves and reduces glucose availability to nerves, both leading to gradual nerve degeneration.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 9

    Diabetic Neuropathy

    WEIGHT/GLUCOSE MANAGEMENT AND LIFESTYLE ADJUSTMENT TO ENSURE POSITIVE


    OUTCOMES ACROSS THE LIFESPAN
    BY CEE ALSOS
    Outline
    • What is Diabetes? What
    is Diabetic Neuropathy?
    • How does nerve damage
    affect ADLs?
    • Posture, movement,
    autonomic function

    • Symptoms
    • Treatments
    • Research
    Diabetes Mellitus and Neuropathy*
    disease or dysfunction of one or more peripheral nerves, typically
    causing numbness or weakness.

     Diabetes Mellitus
     A metabolic disease, affects how our cells
    (don’t) utilize glucose, our body’s primary
    energy source
     Type 1 “Autoimmune” Diabetes Mellitus the
    pancreatic islets do not produce enough
    Insulin to manage blood glucose
     Type 2,formerly “acquired” Diabetes Mellitus
    -cells become resistant to high blood glucose
    concentration, no longer respond to presence
    of Insulin
     Long term deprivation of energy gradually
    degrades and damages all cells and tissues
    Applied Concepts

     What are nerves, and what do they do?


     Highly specialized, power hungry cells
    that communicate messages from the
    brain and spinal cord by way of
    electrical signals, or neurotransmitters
    to effectors (organs, glands,
    tissues/muscles)
     Damage to nerve tissue causes
     High noise/signal ratio
     Dropped signal
     And remember – Damage = PAIN!
    Symptoms

    Peripheral Neuropathy Autonomic Neuropathy Additional Types


    Most common type. Affects the Affects the autonomic nerves, • Charcot’s joint
    nerves in the hands, feet, legs and which control the bladder,
    arms. Generally starts in the feet,
    • Cranial Neuropathy – may
    intestinal tract, and genitals
    tends to start in both feet at once, affect vision
    among others
    Tingling
    • Compression Mononeuropathy
    • • Heartburn, vomiting
    undigested food, loss of bowel • Femoral Neuropathy – atrophy
    • Pain or Increased Sensitivity
    control may result
    • Numbness or Weakness • Incontinence, UTIs • Focal Neuropathy
    • Other • Erectile Dysfunction, • Thoracic/Lumbar Radiculopathy
    • Change in shape of feet decreased libido & pain
    • Unilateral Foot Drop
    • Open sores/ulcers • CV problems
    Treatment

     No current treatments can repair nerve damage if it


    occurs
     Nerve damage is at current irreversible, but effective
    training may lend to neuroplasticity improving
    physiological functioning and health outcomes
     Medications can reduce the pain, numbness and
    tingling sensation inherent in peripheral neuropathy.
    Medications can also treat the undesirable symptoms
    of autonomic neuropathy, and training can improve
    voiding urinary bladder and bowels.
    Research

     The combined effect of mesenchymal stem cells and resveratrol on type 1 diabetic neuropathy
     study demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or resveratrol (RSV) may improve diabetic
    hyperglycemia and neuropathy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the combined effect of
    MSCs and RSV on DN.
     Compared with the diabetic control group, the blood glucose of mice in the MSCs, RSV (until day 35)
    and MSCs + RSV groups were decreased following therapy (P<0.05). Blood glucose in the MSCs and
    MSCs + RSV group reached a normal level at day 14, and this was maintained until the end of the
    experiment; no significant differences were identified in the blood glucose levels between the two
    groups.
     Evaluation of various risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant organisms isolated from diabetic foot
    ulcer patients
     Diabetic foot ulcer patients are often infected with multidrug resistant organisms (MDRO) due to
    inappropriate antibiotic treatment, chronic course of the wound, frequent hospital admission,
    neuropathy, nephropathy, and peripheral vascular disease. Furthermore, due to peripheral arterial
    disease, there is poor penetration of antibiotics into the lower limb tissue, thereby promoting selection
    of resistant bacterial strains.
    Conclusion

     The simplest and most effective


    method of preventing Diabetic
    Neuropathy is managing body
    weight, monitoring blood glucose
    levels, and increasing physical
    activity
     The NIH also recommends a dilated
    eye exam once per year
     Glaucoma, or excessive pressure in
    the eye can damage the retinas and
    the optic nerves and cause blindness
    1. DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2
    A. AFFECTS ONLY OLDER, OVERWEIGHT PEOPLE
    B. AFFECTS OUR BODY'S ABILITY TO UTILIZE GLUCOSE,
    ITS PRIMARY ENERGY SOURCE
    C. IS NOT A PREMIER CONCERN AMONG HEATH CARE
    PROFESSIONALS
    D. ALL OF THE ABOVE.
    2. ONCE NERVE DAMAGE OCCURS IT CAN BE REPAIRED

    Multiple Choice
    BY CURRENT MEDICAL TREATMENTS.
    A. TRUE
    B. FALSE.
    Questions: 3. DIABETIC NEUROPATHY
    A. DAMAGES TISSUES NOURISHING AND SUPPORTING
    NERVES, LEADING TO GRADUAL DEGENERATION OF
    SKIN, MUSCLE AND NERVOUS TISSUE.
    B. REDUCES THE AVAILABILITY OF GLUCOSE REQUIRED
    FOR NERVES TO PERFORM THEIR FUNCTION.
    C. BOTH A AND B.
    D. NONE OF THE ABOVE.

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