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  • Propeller Theory

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    Florence
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    The document summarizes basic propeller principles and the aerodynamic process of a propeller. It discusses how a propeller consists of blades attached to a central hub that produce thrust to push the airplane forward as they are rotated by the engine. The pitch of the blades can be adjusted, with lower pitch for takeoff and higher pitch for cruise. Five forces act on the rotating blades: centrifugal force, thrust bending force, torque bending force, aerodynamic twisting moment, and centrifugal twisting moment.

    Original Description:

    Propeller Lecture 2

    Original Title

    PROPELLER-THEORY

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    The document summarizes basic propeller principles and the aerodynamic process of a propeller. It discusses how a propeller consists of blades attached to a central hub that produce thrust to push the airplane forward as they are rotated by the engine. The pitch of the blades can be adjusted, with lower pitch for takeoff and higher pitch for cruise. Five forces act on the rotating blades: centrifugal force, thrust bending force, torque bending force, aerodynamic twisting moment, and centrifugal twisting moment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    193 views9 pages

    Propeller Theory

    Uploaded by

    Florence
    The document summarizes basic propeller principles and the aerodynamic process of a propeller. It discusses how a propeller consists of blades attached to a central hub that produce thrust to push the airplane forward as they are rotated by the engine. The pitch of the blades can be adjusted, with lower pitch for takeoff and higher pitch for cruise. Five forces act on the rotating blades: centrifugal force, thrust bending force, torque bending force, aerodynamic twisting moment, and centrifugal twisting moment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    PROPELLER

    THEORY
    BASIC PROPELLER PRINCIPLES
     The aircraft propeller consists of two or more blades and a
    central hub to which the blades are attached.
     Each blade of an aircraft propeller is essentially a rotating wing.
     As a result of their construction, the propeller blades produce
    forces that create thrust to push or forward movement of the
    airplane through the air.
     The power needed to rotate the propeller blades is furnished by
    the engine.
     The propeller is mounted on a shaft, which may be an extension
    of the crankshaft on low-horsepower engines; on high-
    horsepower engines, it is mounted on a propeller shaft that is
    geared to the engine crankshaft..
     In either case, the engine rotates the airfoils of the blades
    through the air at high speeds, and the propeller transforms the
    rotary power of the engine into thrust.
    PROPELLER AERODYNAMIC
    PROCESS
     Pitch is not the same as blade angle, but because pitch is largely
    determined by blade angle, the two terms are often used
    interchangeably.
     Propeller slip is the difference between the geometric pitch of the
    propeller and its effective pitch.
     Geometric pitch is the distance a propeller should advance in one
    revolution with no slippage;
     effective pitch is the distance it actually advances. Thus, geometric
    or theoretical pitch is based on no slippage.
     Actual, or effective, pitch recognizes propeller slippage in the air. The
    relationship can be shown as:
    Geometric pitch – Effective pitch = slip
     LOW BLADE ANGLE – provides best performance for take-off and
    climb.
    - used during high altitude flight.

     HIGH BLADE ANGLE – provides highspeed cruise


    - can also be used during high altitude flight.
    EFFECTIVE PITCH AND
    GEOMETRIC PITCH
    FORCES ACTING ON AN AIRCRAFT
    PROPELLERS

     Five forces act on the blades of an


    aircraft propeller in motion
    CENTRIFUGAL FORCE
     Can be described as the force which tends to pull the blades out
    of the hub.

    THRUST BENDING FORCE


     Tends to bend the propeller blades forward at the tip because the lift
    towards the tip of the blade flexes the thin blade section forward.
    TORQUE BENDING FORCE
     It is the force which tends the propeller blade back in the
    direction opposite to the direction of the blade.

    AERODYNAMIC TWISTING MOMENT


     Tries to twist a blade angle to a higher blade angle by aerodynamic action.
    CENTRIFUGAL TWISTING MOMENT
     Tends to decrease blade angle and opposes aerodynamic
    twisting moment.

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