Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Hydroelastic Analysis Procedure For Ships
Hydroelastic Analysis Procedure For Ships
to
Hydroelasticity analysis of Ships
By
Raghu Varier
19NA60R06
• Strength analyses
Hydroelastcity in Ships
• Ship is really a flexible structure and could be modelled as an elastic beam was
considered in a paper by Inglis in 1929
• Acoustic radiation and scattering, underwater free vibration and shock responses.
• Concepts such as mode shapes, natural and resonant frequencies, fatigue, etc are not
encompassed by rigidity restriction, hence the need for hydroelasticity
• Theories of hydroelasticity:
2 D theories
3 D theories
Hydroelastcity for Global dynamic load prediction
Hydroelasticity Theories
• 2D theories started with Bishop and Price establishing basic theory for flexible-beam
like hulls subject to steady state and transient wave-induced loads, combining
Timoshenko beam and strip theories.
• 2 stage approach of dry and wet analyses leads to a direct evaluation of dynamic loads
and responses for a vessel travelling at an arbitrary heading in regular and irregular
seaways.
• Successfully applied to a variety of beam-like merchant and naval ships and its
capability to simulate:
• Symmetric
Dynamic behavior • Anti Symmetric
• Asymmetric
• Indirect time domain simulations of the behavior of ships were found to agree well
with full scale measurements . Later on bow flare slamming was also considered on
destroyers.
• In early 1990s, potential benefits with regard to excessive cracking and catastrophic
failures observed in MV Derbyshire and Onomichi Maru.
• Further research showed maximum dynamic global responses can occur anywhere
as against the conventional reasoning that it would be only amidships.
Which Ships?
• Local hydroelastic effects on local strains due to impact must be considered when
wedge rise angle is > 5deg
• Local effects matter for all ship lengths however global longitudinal bending effects
should be considered for vessels >50 m length
• 30 m long Ulstein Catamaran test by Aarsnes and Hoff showed that even for a small
vessel, wet deck slamming would induce whipping at period corresponding to 2
node bending mode.
2.5 D Hydroelasticity Theories
• Wu and Moan employed the higher order strip theory (2½-D theory) together with
Vlasov beam idealisation to study the symmetric hydroelastic responses in head waves
and irregular seas generated by ISSC wave spectra.
• Hermundstad applied the linear part of this method to predict the fluid-structure
interaction induced symmetric responses of a catamaran structural model, that was
modelled by means of beam and shell elements.
• His work has shown that the influence of the interactions between the hulls on the
predicted responses is important.
• Limitation:
• The comparisons with experimental results for a range of speeds and headings,
however, has been shown not to be so good, most probably due to the slender body
assumption of the theory used
2.5 D to 3 D
• Xia and Wang presented a three-dimensional time domain linear hydroelasticity theory
in which the radiation and diffraction potentials are decomposed into instantaneous and
memory parts.
• This theory was then simplified in two dimensions using a beam idealisation (for the dry
analysis) and a slender body strip theory (for the wet analysis). Only symmetric motions
and distortions were considered.
• Predicted vertical bending moments and motions were found to be in good agreement
with experimental measurements of an elastic warship and the S175 containership
models in head waves and irregular seas.
• The non-linear time domain hydroelastic analysis by Xia illustrates the importance of
non-linearities in hydrodynamic actions.
• The predicted bending moments for the S175 containership models show improved
agreement with experimental measurements, especially for the flared model.
3 D Hydroelasticity Theories
• Beam like idealization of hull is not suitable for evaluation of global dynamic loads
• Bishop, Price and Wu – 3D FEM (dry analysis) and pulsating source distribution over its
mean wetted surface (wet analysis).
• Because of the nature of the hydrodynamic coupling in the mathematical model, all
principal coordinates are excited at each frequency with the dominant principal
coordinate occurring at resonance.
• At low frequencies, principal coordinates associated with bodily motions are excited as
well as those with distortions.
• The structure therefore continuously flexes in all seaways and the dynamics of distortion
are not confined to resonances.
• Time history effects were included in the mathematical model and iterative procedures
were developed so that the time dependent response signals generated could be directly
compared with experimental data
• Studies incorporating the responses to transient excitation in irregular head and oblique
waves were also carried out by Aksu following the earlier two dimensional work on
slamming by Belik .
• However, as the dimensions of the vessel changed (i.e. the beam approached length) the
two-dimensional slamming theory produced less accurate results in contrast to the
three-dimensional approach.
Hydroelasticity in design stages
Theoretical Background
• Inviscid
• Incompressible
• Irrotational
• We is encounter frequency
• X is heading angle
Generalised response for 2D and 3 D FSI
domains
• Total deflection = still water + time dependent bodily motions + flexible distortions
• Allows for both rigid body motions and distortions which are coupled
• The generalised structural damping is assumed diagonal such that brr=2 ωrνrarr , for
r=7,…N, where νr denotes the structural damping factor.
• The 6×6 symmetric matrix [aR] contains mass, moments of mass and moments and
products of inertia corresponding to the six rigid body motions of surge (r=1), sway
(r=2), heave (r=3), roll (r=4), pitch (r=5) and yaw (r=6).
• The diagonal matrix [aD] contains the generalised masses arr (for r=7,…N) for the
distortional mode shapes.
• Antisymmetric (sway, roll and yaw motions and distortions involving horizontal
deflection and twisting) dynamic behaviours are uncoupled.
• Having obtained the principal coordinates in regular waves, distortions and
internal actions, such as bending moments and stresses, are obtained using
modal summation.
1. Shell3d
2. Beamfde
3. Beam3d
• For this specific problem, a large extent 2 D model is adopted and so adequate
idealization is subject to incorporation of physical features of fluid flow on maximum
slamming-induced structural stresses.
Simplified Modelling approach
• Use FEM to calculate natural frequencies and eigen modes for later response
analysis by modal superposition method.
• Lowest modes represent coupled rigid body heave and pitch motions
• Assumptions:
• Incompressible flow
• Irrotational Flow
• Pitch Moment:
Q & A session
Thank You!
Source:
Authors: